1. Ben-Gurion to Rivka Shachar, Jerusalem, 22.7.1962, Israel Defense Forces Archives (hereinafter IDFA), 3649-890/73.
2. Ibid.
3. Avigdor Grün’s letter to Herzl, 1901, Zikhronot Ben-Gurion [Ben-Gurion’s Memoirs, hereinafter Zikhronot] (Hebrew).
4. Ben-Gurion to Haim Yisraeli, Jerusalem, 27.10.1953, Ben-Gurion Archive, Sdeh Boker (BGA).
5. Ben-Gurion to Golda Meir, 28.8.1952, BGA.
6. Shlomo Zemach, Sippur hayyai [The Story of My Life], recorded by Ada Zemach (Tel Aviv and Jerusalem: Dvir, 1983), 25.
7. Ben-Gurion to Shmuel Fuchs, 16.7.1904, Igrot Ben-Gurion [Ben-Gurion’s Correspondence, hereinafter Igrot], Yehuda Erez, ed. (Am Oved and Tel Aviv University, 1971), 22.
8. Ben-Gurion to Fuchs, 14.2.1905, ibid., 50.
1. Ben-Gurion to his father, Petach Tikva, 1.10.1906, Igrot, vol. 1, 1904–1919, 75.
2. Ben-Gurion to his father, Petach Tikva, 8.11.1906, Igrot, ibid., 82–83.
3. The Ramla Platform, in Yitzhak Ben-Zvi, Poalei Zion baaliya hashniya [Poalei Zion in the Second Aliya] (Tel Aviv: Mapai Publishing, 1950), 209 (Hebrew).
4. David Ben-Gurion, Zikhronot, vol. 1 (Tel Aviv: Am Oved, 1971), 34–35 (Hebrew).
5. Zemach, Sippur hayyai, 72.
6. Ben-Gurion to his father, Sejera, 30.6.1909, Igrot, vol. 1, 136.
7. Ben-Gurion to his father, Zikhron Ya’akov, 21.1.1910, ibid., 149.
8. Israel Shochat to Ben-Gurion, 12.4.1957, IDFA, 890/73-2145.
9. Ben-Gurion to Yitzhak Molcho, Sdeh Boker, 13.6.1968, IDFA, 890/73-618/.
10. Ben-Gurion to his father, Istanbul, 23.4.1913, Igrot, 269.
11. Ben-Gurion to his father, Istanbul, 29.12.1913, ibid., 293.
1. Shabtai Teveth, Kin’at David [David’s Zeal] (Jerusalem and Tel Aviv: Schocken, 1976), 362 (Hebrew).
2. Zikhronot, vol. 1, 95–96.
3. Ibid., 98.
4. Ben-Gurion to Paula, Windsor, 25.6.1918, ibid., 103.
5. Ben-Gurion to Paula, Windsor, 3.6.1918, Igrot, vol. 1, 351.
6. Ben-Gurion to Paula, Ramla, 8.5.1919, ibid., 418–419.
7. Ben-Gurion to Paula, Windsor, 14.6.1918, ibid., 355.
8. Ben-Gurion to Paula, 1.6.1918, ibid., 349.
9. Ben-Gurion to Paula, 23.9.1918, ibid., 391.
10. Ben-Gurion to Paula, Jaffa, 3.3.1919, ibid., 414.
11. Berl Katznelson, Akhdut Ha’avoda, collection, 18 (Hebrew).
12. Union proposal, Akhdut Ha’avoda Book, vol. 1 (Tel Aviv: Akhdut Ha’avoda Publishing, 1929), 2 (Hebrew).
13. Zikhronot, vol. 1, 121.
1. Ben-Gurion, “Hatafkid hamishki shel histadrut hapoalim” [The Economic Role of the Histadrut], Mima’amad le’am [From Class to Nation] (Tel Aviv: Davar, 1933), 124 (Hebrew).
2. Zikhronot, vol. 1, Moscow, 24.9.1923, 235.
3. Ibid., Moscow, 18.11.1923, 262.
4. Ibid., Moscow, 11.10.1923, 251.
5. Ibid., Moscow, 16.12.1923, 268.
6. Ibid., Moscow, 27.10.1923, 254–255.
7. Ibid., 16.12.1923, 268.
8. Ibid., 25.8.1923, 225.
9. Ben-Gurion, “Hayi’ud haleumi shel ma’amad hapoalim” [The National Mission of the Working Class], Mima’amad le’am, 232.
10. Ibid., 233–234.
11. Ben-Gurion, “Hamashber batsionut utnuat hapoalim” [The Crisis in Zionism and the Labor Movement], Mima’amad le’am, 299.
1. Ben-Gurion, “She’elat hamishtar veyahasei shekhenim” [The Question of Regime and Relations with Neighbors], Akhdut Ha’avoda Conference in Ein Harod, We and Our Neighbors (Tel Aviv: Davar Publishing, 1931), 74 (Hebrew).
2. Ben-Gurion, Minutes of the Fourth Akhdut Ha’avoda Conference, 1924 (Tel Aviv, 1926), p. 30 (Hebrew).
3. Arthur Ruppin, from a letter to Dr. Jacobson, Jerusalem, 3.12.1931, Pirkei hayyai [My Life Story], vol. 3 (Tel Aviv: Am Oved, 1968), 203 (Hebrew).
4. The Joint Akhdut Ha’avoda and Hapoel Hatzair Secretariat, October 1929, Labor Party Archive (LPA), Bulletin no. 1 (Hebrew).
5. Ben-Gurion, Diary, 10.7.1930, Zikhronot, vol. 1, 417.
6. Ben-Gurion at the Mapai Council, 25.10.1930, LPA (Hebrew).
7. Chaim Arlosoroff to Chaim Weizmann, 30.6.1932, IDFA, 890/73-3342 (Hebrew).
8. Ben-Gurion, Pegishot im manhigim aravim [Meetings with Arab Leaders] (Tel Aviv: Am Oved, 1967), 19–20 (Hebrew).
9. Ben-Gurion to Jabotinsky, 38.10.1934, IDFA, 890/73-3549 (Hebrew).
10. Jabotinsky to Ben-Gurion, Paris, 29.10.1934, IDFA, 890/73-3549 (Hebrew).
11. Ben-Gurion, Trogen, Switzerland, 14.9.1935, Zikhronot, vol. 2, 436.
12. Ben-Gurion, Lucerne, 5.9.1935, ibid., 411.
13. Ben-Gurion, ibid., 437.
1. Quoted by Norman Rose, Lewis Namier and Zionism (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1980), 42.
2. Doris May to Ben-Gurion, Lancing, 1.10.1946, BGA.
3. Ben-Gurion at the Mapai Central Committee, 5–6.2.1937, Zikhronot, vol. 4 (Tel Aviv: Am Oved, 1974), 64.
4. Ben-Gurion, meeting of the Jewish Agency Executive, Fall 1936, IDFA, 890/73-3155.
5. Ben-Gurion to the Mapai Central Committee, London, 1.7.1937, Zikhronot, vol. 4, 257.
6. Ben-Gurion to Amos Ben-Gurion, London, 5.10.1937, letters to Paula and the children (Tel Aviv: Am Oved, 1968), 210.
7. Ben-Gurion at the Mapai Central Committee, 10.4.1937, Zikhronot, vol. 4, 151.
8. Ben-Gurion to Paula, letters to Paula and the children, 215.
9. Ben-Gurion to Weizmann, 22.8.1935, IDFA, 890/73-1958.
10. Ben-Gurion to Brodetzky, 4.1.1938, IDFA, 890/73-4157/.
11. Baffy: The Diaries of Blanche Dugdale, 1936–1947, 18.9.1938 (London: Vallentine Mitchell, 1973), 99.
12. Ben-Gurion to Eliezer (Kaplan), London, 21.12.1938, IDFA, 890/73-3005.
13. The 21st Zionist Congress, 233.
14. Ben-Gurion at the Mapai Central Committee, 12.9.1939, Bama’arakha, vol. 3 (Tel Aviv: Mapai Publishing House, 1950), 18.
15. Ben-Gurion to Paula, London, 31.5.1940, IDFA, 890/73-4079.
16. Ibid., 1.7.1940, ibid.
17. Ibid.
18. Ibid., 8.7.1940, ibid.
19. Ibid., 21.8.1940, ibid.
20. Ibid., 8.9.1940, IDFA, 890/73-3546.
21. Ben-Gurion, minutes of the Jewish Agency Executive, 16.2.1941.
22. Ibid. My thanks to Dr. Zohar Segev, who drew my attention to this matter.
23. Minutes of the Special Meeting of the Office Committee of the Emergency Committee, 17.9.1942, IDFA, 890/73-1471.
24. Ben-Gurion to Renana, Washington, 18.2.1942.
25. Weizmann to Blanche Dugdale, London, New York, 8.1.1943, The Letters and Papers of Chaim Weizmann, vol. 20, Michael J. Cohen, ed. (Jerusalem: Israel Universities Press, 1979), 387.
26. Ben-Gurion to Doris May, Washington, 18.2.1942, BGA.
27. Ben-Gurion to Miriam Cohen, Jerusalem, 15.2.1943, BGA.
28. Ibid., 35.1.1944.
29. Miriam Cohen to Ben-Gurion, 18.4.1944, IDFA, 890/73-3515.
30. Minutes of the Jewish Agency Executive, Jerusalem, 4.10. 1942, IDFA, 890/73-1471.
31. Meeting of Mapai activists, 8.12.1942, IDFA, 890/73-1471.
32. Ben-Gurion to Miriam Cohen, Jerusalem, 20.9.1944, BGA.
33. Ben-Gurion to Dov Yosef, London, 14.4.1945, IDFA, 890/73-95.
34. Ben-Gurion’s diary, 7–8 May 1945. The verse is from Hosea 9:1. Quoted by Tuvia Friling, Hetz ba’arafel: Ben-Gurion, hanhagat hayishuv venisyonot hatsala bashoah [Arrow in the Dark: David Ben-Gurion, the Yishuv Leadership, and Rescue Attempts in the Holocaust] (Jerusalem: Ben-Gurion University and the Institute for Contemporary Judaism, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 1998), 944 (Hebrew).
1. Dugdale, Baffy, 30.4.1946, p. 236.
2. Judah Nadich, Eisenhower and the Jews (New York: Twayne Publishers, 1953), 232.
3. Ben-Gurion to Goldmann, 21.7.1954, BGA.
4. Ben-Gurion to Weizmann, Paris, 28.10.1946, IDFA, 890/73-2002.
5. Ben-Gurion to Mr. Rudolf G. Sonneborn, Sdeh Boker, 1.2.1967.
6. Ben-Gurion to Paula, London, 10.2.1946, IDFA, 890/73-3546.
7. Ben-Gurion to Paula, London, 19.6.1946, IDFA, 890/73-3476.
1. Ben-Gurion to Moshe (Shertok) and Golda (Meyerson), Tel Aviv, 3.3.1948, IDFA, 890/73-3598.
2. Ben-Gurion to Shaul (Avigur), Tel Aviv, 5.4.1948, IDFA, 890/73-3598.
3. Ben-Gurion to the women’s organizations, 29.3.1948, IDFA, 890/73-4093.
4. Ben-Gurion to Golda (Meyerson) and Moshe (Shertok), Tel Aviv, 3.3.1948, IDFA, 890/73-89.
5. Ben-Gurion to Ehud Avriel, 4.3.1948, IDFA, 890/73-9093.
6. Ben-Gurion, Yoman milkhama, 1948–1949 [War Diary, 1948–1949], Gershon Rivlin and Dr. Elhanan Oren, eds. (Tel Aviv: Ministry of Defense, 1982), vol. 1, 416 (Hebrew).
7. Ben-Gurion to Galili, 21.6.1948, IDFA, 890/73-4277.
1. Ben-Gurion to Ziama (Zalman) Aranne, Tel Aviv, 6.1.1951, IDFA, 890/73-1808.
2. David Ben-Gurion, Netzach Yisrael [Eternal Israel], Government Yearbook, 1957, “Like Stars and Dust” (Ramat Gan: Masada, 1976), 147 (Hebrew).
3. Ben-Gurion to Abba Eban, 2.1.1951, IDFA, 890/73-1808.
4. Ben-Gurion to the Knesset Constitution, Law, and Justice Committee, 13.7.1949.
5. Ben-Gurion to Yitzhak Gruenbaum, Jerusalem, 28.3.1950, BGA.
6. Ben-Gurion to the Eighth Agricultural Conference, 9.10.1955, IDFA, 890/73-2085.
7. Ben-Gurion to a meeting of the general staff, 16.3.1961, IDFA, 890/73-3875.
8. Manya Shochat to Ben-Gurion, Jerusalem, 2.3.1959. I have not been able to find an answer from him to her letter.
9. Ben-Gurion in the Knesset plenum, 10.8.1952, IDFA, 890/73-2095.
10. Ben-Gurion to Eliezer Kaplan, Tiberias, 5.3.1950, BGA.
11. The Government-University Committee for the collection of Jewish manuscripts throughout the world, 6.6.1950, IDFA, 890/73-4103.
12. Isaiah Berlin to the prime minister of Israel’s private secretary, New College, 8.12.1950, Letters, Henry Hardy and Jennifer Holmes, eds. (London: Chatto and Windus, 2009), 204–205.
13. Ben-Gurion to Yehoshua Bertonov, Jerusalem, 28.8.1950, BGA.
14. Ben-Gurion to Yosef Milo, Sdeh Boker, 30.11.1954, BGA.
15. Ben-Gurion to Ben-Zvi, Jerusalem, 3.8.1956, BGA.
16. Ben-Gurion to A. S. Stein, Jerusalem, 27.6.1955, BGA.
17. Prime Minister Ben-Gurion, Knesset Plenary Session 91, 2.7.1951, IDFA, 890/73-4105.
18. Ben-Gurion to Dr. Joseph Schechter, Jerusalem, 2.9.1957, IDFA, 890/73-1304.
19. Ben-Gurion to Yitzhak Damiel (Schweiger), Mount Carmel, 13.4.1953, BGA.
20. Ben-Gurion to David Glass, the Kirya, 26.2.1953, BGA.
21. Ben-Gurion to Dr. Yehoshua Brand, Jerusalem, 15.6.1952, BGA.
22. Ben-Gurion to Sharett, 21.6.1954, IDFA, 890/73-4099.
23. Ben-Gurion to Rabbi S. B. Orbach, Sdeh Boker, 14.7.1954, IDFA, 890/73-2096.
24. Nehemiah Argov to Efraim Evron, Tel Aviv, 21.10.1953, Nehemiah Argov, Publication of friends, 1959, p. 144.
1. Ben-Gurion to Nathan Yellin-Mor, Sdeh Boker, 2.9.1954, BGA.
2. Ben-Gurion, “Leparashat hilufei gavra bemisrad hachutz” [On the question of a foreign ministry reshuffle], Jerusalem, 28.6.1956, IDFA, 890/73-2023.
3. Ben-Gurion to Teddy Kollek, Sdeh Boker, 16.4.1954, BGA.
4. Moshe Dayan to the minister of defense, 13.11.1955, IDFA, 890/73-2184.
5. Ben-Gurion at the cabinet meeting, 28.10.1956, IDFA, 205/73-532.
6. Isaiah Berlin to Arthur Schlesinger, beginning–mid November 1956, Letters, p. 554.
7. Eisenhower to Ben-Gurion, undated, IDFA, 890/73-502.
8. Vera Shomroni to Ben-Gurion, 30.8.1954, IDFA 890/73-2535; Ben-Gurion to Vera Shomroni, Sdeh Boker, 30.8.1954, BGA.
9. Ben-Gurion to Shimshon Zelniker, Sdeh Boker, 14.1.1954, IDFA, 890/73-2103.
10. Golda Meir, at a festive Mapai secretariat meeting, 30.9.1971, IDFA, 890/73-89.
11. “Pegisha she’ein doma la” [An Unparalleled Meeting], Ma’ariv, 15.3.1960.
12. Ben-Gurion to attorney Leon Eli, Sdeh Boker, 6.6.1966, IDFA, 890/73-3660.
13. Joseph M. Proskauer to Ben-Gurion, 31.5.1960, BGA.
14. Ben-Gurion to Judge Proskauer, Tel Aviv, 8.7.1960, BGA.
15. Judge Joseph Proskauer to Ben-Gurion, New York, 17.7.1960, BGA.
16. Ben-Gurion to Dr. Nachum Goldmann, the Kirya, 2.6.1960, BGA.
17. Mordechai (Morele) Bar-On, Ben hame’ah she’avra [A Son of the Last Century], an autobiography (Jerusalem: Carmel, 2011), 278 (Hebrew).
1. Miriam Taub to Ben-Gurion, New York, 25.3.1964, IDFA, 890/73-747.
2. Miriam Taub, New York, to Ben-Gurion, 1.5.1952, BGA.
3. Ben-Gurion to S. H. Bergmann, Tel Aviv, 14.10.1966, IDFA, 890/73-2010.
4. Ben-Gurion to Gershom Scholem, Haifa, 2.11.1966, ibid.
5. Jacob Talmon to Ben-Gurion, 6.12.1970, IDFA, 890/73-120.
6. Ben-Gurion to Miriam Taub, 14.11.1971, IDFA, 890/73-3005.
7. Shlomo Zemach, Pinkasei reshimot 1962–1973 [Notes] (Tel Aviv: Am Oved, 1996), 28 (Hebrew).
8. Shlomo Zemach to Ben-Gurion, 5.6.1966, IDFA, 890/73-631.
1. Richard Lichtheim to Ben-Gurion, Jerusalem, 18.2.1960, BGA.
2. Ben-Gurion to Rabbi Morris N. Izendart, apparently in 1960, BGA.