Marching For Freedom

Hampton, Henry, executive producer. Eyes on the Prize: America’s Civil Rights Years 1954-1964. Episode 6, “Bridge to Freedom: 1965.” Blackside, Inc., 1987.

Herbers, John. “Negros Step Up Drive in Alabama: 1,000 More Seized.” New York Times, February 4, 1965.

“Joanne Bland.” Baylor Magazine, volume 2, number 2, Sept./Oct. 2003. http://www.baylormag.com/story.php? story =004479

Lowery, Lynda Blackmon. Personal interview with author, November 5, 2008.

Mauldin, Charles. Personal interview with author, November 6, 2008.

Mccabe, Daniel, and Paul Stekler, producers and directors. “George Wallace: Settin’ the Woods on Fire,” The American Experience, 2000. http://www.pbs. org/wgbh/amex/wallace/filmmore/transcript/index.html

National Park Service. “Selma to Montgomery National Historic Trail: People of the Movement.” Bland, Joanne. http://www.nps.gov/hfc/av/semo/docs/ (click on NPSSM-33-Anderson, Bland)

_____. “Selma to Montgomery National Historic Trail: People of the Movement.” Lowery, Lynda. http://www.nps.gov/hfc/av/semo/docs/ (click on NPSSM-50-Lowery)

_____. “Selma to Montgomery National Historic Trail: People of the Movement.” Mauldin, Charles. http://www.nps.gov/hfc/av/semo/docs/ (click on NPSSM-07 John Jackson, Charles Mauldin, Zannie Murphy)

“National Report,” Jet, volume 27, number 26, April 8, 1965.

Simmons, Bobby. Personal interview with author, November 5, 2008.

Sing for Freedom: The Story of the Civil Rights Movement Through Its Songs. Smithsonian Folkways Recordings, 1990.

Voices of the Civil Rights Movement: Black American Freedom Songs 1960-1966. Smithsonian Folkways Recordings, 1997.

Watters, Pat. “Why the Negro Children March,” New York Times, March 21, 1965.

WNEW’S Story of Selma with Len Chandler, Pete Seeger and the Freedom Voices. Smithsonian Folkways Recordings, 1965.

Books

Blackmon, Douglas A. Slavery by Another Name: The Re-Enslavement of Black Americans from the Civil War to World War II. New York: Doubleday, 2008.

Boni, Margaret Bradford. The Fireside Book of Favorite American Songs. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1952.

Branch, Taylor. At Canaan’s Edge: America in the King Years 1965-68. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006.

. Pillar of Fire: America in the King Years 1963-65. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1998.

Carson, Clayborne, editor. Reporting Civil Rights Part Two: American Journalism 1963-1973. New York: Library of America, 2003.

Chester, J. L. , with Julia Cass. Black in Selma. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1990.

Durham, Michael S. Powerful Days: The Civil Rights Photography of Charles Moore. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, published in cooperation with the Birmingham Civil Rights Institute, 2002.

Fager, Charles. Selma, 1965. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1974.

Garrow, David. Protest at Selma: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1978.

Hampton, Henry, and Steve Fayer. Voices of Freedom: An Oral History of the Civil Rights Movement from the 1950s through the 1980s. New York: Bantam Books, 1990.

Hughes, Langston. The Collected Poems of Langston Hughes. Edited by Arnold Rampersad. New York: Knopf, 1994.

King, Martin Luther, Jr. A Call to Conscience: The Landmark Speeches of Martin Luther King, Jr. Edited by Clayborne Carson and Kris Shepard. New York: IPM/ Warner Books, 2001.

King, Martin Luther, Jr. The Words of Martin Luther King, Jr. Selected and introduced by Coretta Scott King. New York: Newmarket Press, 1987.

, and Clayborne Carson. The Autobiography of Martin Luther King Jr. New York: Intellectual Properties Management, Inc. in association with Warner Books, 1998.

Kotz, Nick. Judgment Days: Lyndon Baines Johnson, Martin Luther King Jr., and the Laws That Changed America. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2005.

Lewis, John. Walking with the Wind: A Memoir of the Movement. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1998.

Robinson, Amelia Boynton. Bridge Across Jordan. Revised edition. Washington D.C.: Schiller Institute, 1991.

Seeger, Pete, and Bob Reiser. Everybody Says Freedom: A History of the Civil Rights Movement in Songs and Pictures. New York: W. W. Norton, 1989.

Webb, Sheyann, and Rachel West Nelson, as told to Frank Sikora. Selma, Lord, Selma: Girlhood Memories of the Civil-Rights Days. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1980.

Wofford, Harris. Of Kennedys and Kings: Making Sense of the Sixties. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1980.

Young, Andrew. An Easy Burden: The Civil Rights Movement and the Transformation of America. New York: Harper Collins, 1996.

Resources: More Reading, Listening, Looking, Browsing

Additional resources for the Selma to Montgomery march are amazingly varied and plentiful.

Would you like to hear Sheyann and Rachel sing “This Little Light of Mine” outside Brown Chapel? How about Hudson High School student Bettie Mae Fikes’s powerful rendition of the same song, recorded at a student meeting?

Maybe you’d like to do more reading, see more photos, rent a video, take a virtual tour of the march, or plan a real-time visit. Perhaps you’d like to listen to a taped conversation between Dr. King and President Johnson, or watch interviews with other people who were involved in Selma, 1965.

If you’re wondering about the long-term reverberations of the march in today’s America, you can watch footage of President Barack Obama’s visit to Selma, or listen to his moving March 18, 2008, speech on race. You can read about Representative John Lewis, who has served in Congress since 1986, and about Andrew Young’s rich, varied life in politics. Maybe you’re curious about the kids—now adults—whose stories, woven together, are this book.

PERMISSIONS: Photo Credits

Front cover: © Bruce Davidson/Magnum Photo • Half-title page: © Elizabeth Partridge, 2008 • Title page, vii, viii, 2-3, 21, 38-39, 40, 41, 42-43, 44, 46, 47, 48-49, 50, 52-53, 55, 56-57, 58, 60: © Matt Herron/Take Stock, wwwtakestockphotos.com • iv, 67: James Karales, 1965 © Estate of James Karales • 5, 9, 12(1), 12(r), 13, 17, 22, 35, 36, 45, 62(1), 62(r), John F. Phillips, © www.johnphillipsphotography.com • 6: © Associated Press/Horace Cart • 11, 12 (center), 14(r), 18, 27, 33: Library of Congress • 14(1): Photographer unknown, courtesy of Charles Bonner • 24, 28-29 © Charles Moore/Black Star • 26, 31: © 1965 Spider Martin. All rights reserved. Used with permission • 59: Lyndon Baines Johnson Library, Photo by Yoichi Okamoto • Back cover: © Steve Schapiro/Corbis

Quotations

“Mother to Son,” from The Collected Poems of Langston Hughes, by Langston Hughes, edited by Arnold Rampersad with David Roessel, Associate Editor. © 1994 by the Estate of Langston Hughes. Used by permission of Alfred A. Knopf, a division of Random House Inc.

Quotations by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. are reprinted by arrangement with The Heirs to the Estate of Martin Luther King Jr., c/o Writers House as agent for the proprietor. New York, N.Y © 1963 Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.; copyright renewed 1991 Coretta Scott King.

Lyrics

“If You Miss Me from the Back of the Bus”: Original lyrics by Charles Neblett. Selma-inspired lyrics by Bettie Mae Fikes. Used with permission of Charles Neblett and Bettie Mae Fikes.

“We Shall Overcome”: Musical and Lyrical adaptation by Zilphia Horton, Frank Hamilton, Guy Carawan, and Pete Seeger. Inspired by African American Gospel Singing, members of the Food & Tobacco Workers Union, Charleston, S.C., and the southern Civil Rights Movement. TRO-Copyright © 1960 (Renewed) and 1963 (Renewed) Ludlow Music, Inc., New York, N.Y Royalties derived from this composition are being contributed to the We Shall Overcome Fund and The Freedom Movement under the Trusteeship of the writers. Used by Permission.

Articles, Films, Interviews, Music, and Online Sources

Books

Resources: More Reading, Listening, Looking, Browsing

PERMISSIONS: Photo Credits

Quotations

Lyrics