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Locators in italic indicate illustrations and photographs.
A. C. McClurg and Company
Adonis (Gill)
advertising: in mass-circulation magazines; for men against temptations of modern life; of Sandow by Ziegfeld; in System magazine
Agnew Clinic, The (Eakins)
Albee, Edward F.
Alexander III, tsar of Russia
All-Story, The; demand for Tarzan sequel by; encouragement of Burroughs by editor of; publication of Tarzan by
Alone in the Wilderness (Knowles)
American Battery
American Can
American frontier
American Gaiety Girls
American School of Correspondence
American Society for Psychic Research
American Sugar Refining
American Telephone and Telegraph
Anderson, John Henry
anthropometry
Arbuthnot, John
Argosy, The
Arizona Territory
Armour
Arrow Collar Man
Arting, Fred J.
“Asleep in the Deep” (song)
assembly-line system
Atlas, Charles (Angelo Siciliano)
“Attila, Professor Louis,” see Durlacher, Ludwig
bachelor subculture
Ballantyne, R. M.
Barnum, P. T.
Barton, Enos
baseball
Beard, George M.
Beasts of Tarzan, The (Burroughs)
Beck, Martin
Bellow, Saul
Bellows, George
Benzon, “Professor,”
Between Rounds (Eakins)
Beveridge, Albert
Bienkowski, Franz
Birth of a Nation, The (film)
Blackstone, Harry
Bobbs-Merrill publishers
bodily risk: in Houdini’s act; Houdini’s fascination with; Houdini’s triumph over; as means of self-realization
bodybuilding; see also Sandow, Eugen
body image: and classical Greece; historical perspective on; Houdini’s; Sandow as new ideal of
body measurements: of Eltinge; of Houdini and Bess; of Sandow; of students in Sargent’s study; of Sullivan
Bosco, Bartolomeo
Boston
Boston American
Boston Daily Globe, The
Boston Journal, The
Boston Sunday Post
Boughton, Harry, see Blackstone, Harry
Bowdoin College
boxing
Boyd, Stephen D.
Boy Scouts of America
Boy’s Own Conjuring Book, The
Britain, industrial output of
British Anthropological Society
British Empire
Brooks, Peter
Brothers Houdini
“Brownsville affair,”
“Bull Moose” campaign
burlesque; see also specific theaters
Burne-Jones, Edward
Burroughs, Arthur (brother)
Burroughs, Charles (brother)
Burroughs, Coleman (brother)
Burroughs, Edgar Rice: in Chicago; death of; early employment of; early years of; and feelings of failure; during Great War; in Idaho; Joan of Arc drawing by; marriage of; Normal Bean pseudonym of; poverty experienced by; as pulp-fiction writer; as Rough Rider volunteerat Sears, Roebuck; in Seventh U.S. Cavalry; success of Tarzan and; at System magazine; word-output graph of; and writing of Tarzan; see also Tarzan and Tarzan of the Apes (Burroughs)
Burroughs, George (brother)
Burroughs, George T. (father)
Burroughs, Harry (brother)
Bush, Irving T.
Call of the Wild, The (London)
Caroline, princess of England
Carrington, Hereward
Casino Roof Garden, New York
Cazeneuve, Bernard Marius “Le Commandeur,”
censorship
Central Leather
Charley’s Aunt (play)
Chase Theatre, Washington, D.C.
Chicago
Chicago Daily News
Christianity
circuses
Civil War
Clansman, The (Dixon)
class, see social class
classical ideal of male body: in photographs of Sandow; Sandow as
Cleveland, Grover
College of Physical Culture, Boston
Collier’s
commercial photography, see photography
Commodore the lion: and Sandow
Comstock, Anthony
Comstock, Dr. Daniel F.
Congo Free State
Conrad, Joseph
Consolidated Coal
contests and challenges: for “most beautiful man” and “most perfectly developed man” sponsored by Macfadden; for “strongest man on earth,” London; Ziegfeld’s
Cooper, James Fenimore
Copperfield, David
Corbett, James “Gentleman Jim,”
corporate power and wealth
Cosmopolitan
Count of Monte Cristo, The (Dumas)
Crandon, Dr. Le Roi
Crandon, Mina (“Margery” the medium)
Criminal Man (Lombroso)
cultural and historical perspective: on advertising; on body image; on entertainment; on Houdini’s themes of control and mastery; on journalism; on manliness; on Sandow; on stage magic; on transition from Victorian to modern culture; see also masculinity
Curtis, Tony
Cyclops (strongman)
Dahomey Village at World’s Columbian Exposition
Dakota Territory
Dalton, William, see Eltinge, Julian
danger, see bodily risk
Darwin, Charles
Davenport, Ira
Davenport, William
Death of a Salesman (Miller)
depressions, U.S.
Derby Desk Company
Descent of Man, The (Darwin)
Diamond Match
Dickson, W. K. L.
dime museums
Discobolus: Montgomery, as
Dixey, Henry
Dixon, Thomas
Dodd, Mead, publishers
Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan
Dreiser, Theodore
Du Chaillu, Paul
Dumas, Alexandre
Du Pont de Nemours
Durlacher, Ludwig (“Professor Louis Attila”)
Eakins, Thomas
Eastman, George
Eastman Kodak
ectoplasm
Edgar Rice Burroughs, Inc.
Edison, Thomas A.
Edward VII, king of England
elite theatergoers: Sandow’s appeal to; see also social class
Eltinge, Julian
Emerson, Ralph Waldo
Erie Railroad
eroticism
exhibitionism: by Houdini; by Sandow
Explorations and Adventures in Equatorial Africa (Du Chaillu)
Falk, Benjamin J.
female impersonation; see also Dixey, Henry; Eltinge, Julian
feminism; see also gender issues
Ferber, Edna
Filene’s Men’s Store, Boston
Film Development Corporation
Ford, Henry
Forerunner, The
Fortesque, George K.
Fort Grant, Arizona Territory
Foucault, Michel
Fox, Catherine
Fox, Leah
Fox, Margaret
Fox, Richard Kyle
Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Weekly
Frank Merriwell at Yale (Standish)
Garfield, James
Garland, Hamlin
Garner, Richard L.
Gauguin, Paul
gender issues: in Adonis; and bachelor subculture; in Burroughs’s depiction of Jane in Tarzan; and Dixey’s transformations; during 1893 depression; and Eltinge’s transformation; and female response to Sandow’s phallic power; in Gilman’s Herland; in Houdini’s feminine-like vulnerability; in the Houdinis’ “Metamorphosis,” and men assaulted by women; and “New Woman,” in 1970sin period images of manliness; in photographs of Sandow; in professional magic; raised by Sandow; in reactions to strains of modern life; in theatrical display of male and female bodies; as themes in performances and Tarzan; and wildness in Tarzan; see also masculinity
General Electric
George, king of Greece
George I, king of England
George V, king of England
German Americans: during Great War
Germany
Gérôme, Jean-Léon
Gilbert, W. S.
Gill, William
Gilman, Charlotte Perkins
gladiator image
Golden Gate Park, San Francisco
Gorilla Hunters, The (Ballantyne)
Gorillas and Chimpanzees (Garner)
Grace Hospital, Detroit
Grant, Madison
Grape-Nuts advertisement
“Great Lafayette,” see Neuberger, Sigmund
Great War; and concept of freedom
Greek Slave (Powers)
Griffith, D. W.
Gross Clinic, The (Eakins)
Grotto Theatre, Chicago
Guiteau, Charles
Guiteras, Dr. Raymond
gymnastic movement in Germany
halftone photoengraving
Hammerstein’s Roof Garden, New York
Harper’s Weekly
Harvard University
Haymarket bombers
Haywood, William “Big Bill,”
Hearst, William Randolph
Heart of Darkness (Conrad)
Hebrew Relief Society
Heller, Robert
Hemingway, Ernest
Henning, Doug
heredity versus environment: in determining masculine worth; in System magazine; in Tarzan of the Apes
Herland (Gilman)
historical perspective, see cultural and historical perspective
HMS Success
homosexuality
Honest Hearts and Willing Hands (play)
Houdini, Harry: adolescence of; aerial straitjacket escapes of; Atlantic City pier jump of; Belle Island Bridge jump of; in Berlin; birth and early childhood of; bridge jumps of; campaign against mediums and spiritualist frauds by; as “Cardo,”; challenges for; in Cheer Up; “Chinese Water Torture Cell” of; as daredevil; death of; early career of; in Europe; factory employment of; fearlessness of; in films; freedom as concept in performances of; grave refurbishing by; during Great War; hamper escape of; as “Handcuff King,”; Harvard Bridge Jump of; as historical embodiment of manliness; influence of freaks and oddities on; innovations of; invitations to touch body of; Jewish issues for; lobby displays designed by; from magician to escape artist; marriage of; milk-can escape of; modified bridge jump in New York
harbor by; needle-swallowing trick of; onstage straitjacket escapes; operational aesthetic of; political implications of acts of; as “Prison Defier,”; as “Professor Murat,”; proposed jump from East River Pier of; relationship with mother; rivals of; Robert-Houdin’s influence on; with Roosevelt; sadomasochistic themes in work of; Scotland Yard handcuff escape by; Somerset Street “Tombs” escape of; special handcuff escape in Blackburn, England, of; speculations on hiding places in body of; spiritualism and; strait jacket escape in Hanover, Germany, of; strip searches of; suspension from U.S. Treasury Building of; themes of control and mastery as crucial to success of; and torture; trunk trick of; and victimization theme; Washington, D.C., federal prison escape of; with Welsh Brothers Circus; Whitehead’s assault on
Houdini, Wilhelmina Beatrice Rahner “Bess” (wife)
Houdini (film)
How I Found Livingston (Stanley)
“How to Select the Right College Man” (Needham)
Hulbert, Emma (Burroughs’s wife)
Hunting Trips of a Ranchman (Roosevelt)
Hutchinson, Woods
Hyman, Jacob
Hyman, Joe
“Ideas That Have Been Put to Work” (series in System magazine)
immigration
In Darkest Africa (Stanley)
Independent, The
Industrial Workers of the World
insane asylums: Houdini’s interest in
International Harvester
International Paper
“In the Penal Colony” (Kafka)
Iolanthe (Gilbert & Sullivan)
“iron cage,”
Ishi the Yahi
Itard, Jean-Marc-Gaspard
Jackson, Peter
Jahn, Friedrich Ludwig
Johnson, Jack
journalism: transformation in; see also press coverage
Julian Eltinge Magazine
Kafka, Franz
Kansas City Post, The
Kansas City Times, The
Keith, B. F.
Keith & Proctor’s 125th Street Theatre
Keith’s Theatre, Boston
Kellar, Harry
Kettle Hill, Cuba
kinetoscope
Kipling, Rudyard
Klondike gold rush
Knowles, Joseph
Kodak camera
Kroeber, Alfred
Ku Klux Klan (KKK)
Ladies’ Home Journal
Lambert, Christopher
Langtry, Lillie
Laocoön
Leopold II, king of Belgium
Le Roy, William “the Human Claw Hammer,”
Leslie, Amy
Leyendecker, J. C.
Life and Reminiscences of a 19th Century Gladiator (Sullivan)
Lincoln, Elmo
living statue: in Adonis (Gill); Sandow as; Sullivan as; at World’s Columbian Exposition
Lloyd George, David
Lombroso, Cesare
London, England
London, Jack
London Stereoscopic
“Lurline, the Water Queen,” assault on Sandow by
Lynn, H. S.
Macfadden, Bernarr; pose as Mercury by
Machpelah Cemetery, New York
magazines: mass-circulation; see also specific magazines
Magician among the Spirits, A (Houdini)
Malinowski, Bronislaw
Man in the Iron Mask (Dumas)
Man-Made World, The (Gilman)
“Margery” the medium, see Crandon, Mina
Marquis of Queensberry Rules
marriage: deferment by men of
Marx, Minnie
Marx Brothers
masculinity: and American frontier—; and danger; and fantasy in pulp magazines; Houdini’s dramatization of; in 1970s,; as performance; and professional magic; Roosevelt as embodiment of; of Sandow; and System magazine; and white male body; wildness and
Maskelyne, J. N.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Masses, The
Master Mystery, The (film)
Matthews, Albert G.
McClure, S. S.
McCormick, Cyrus, Jr.
McDougall, Dr. William
McGill University
McKenzie, J. Hewat
measurement, see body measurements
Melville, Herman
metamorphosis: in Adonis (Gill).; in Crandon’s seances; in Eltinge’s performances; and the Houdinis’ “Metamorphosis,”; in Knowles’s appearence; Sandow as inspiration for male; in Tarzan’s transformation from savage to socialite; as theme in work of Burroughs, Houdini, and Sandow
Metcalf, Thomas
Michigan Military Academy
middle class, see social class
Midway at World’s Columbian Exposition
Miller, Arthur
Miller, Sebastian
“Minidoka” (Burroughs)
Minneapolis Times
miscegenation
Model T automobile
modern life: as cause of renewed interest in stage magic; during Great War; as reflected in System magazine; as threat to masculinity
“Modern Sandow Girl, The” (Eltinge)
Modern Spiritualism (Maskelyne)
Montgomery, Irving
Morgan, J. Pierpont, Jr.
Mr. Wix of Wickham (play)
Muldoon, William
Müller, Friedrich Wilhelm, see Sandow, Eugen
Munsey, Frank
Munsey Company
Munsey’s
nakedness, see nudity
National Police Gazette
“Nearly Dying for a Living” (Houdini)
Needham, Henry Beach
Neuberger, Sigmund (“the Great Lafayette”)
neurasthenia
New Journalism
New Story
“New Woman,” and self-development
New York Athletic Club
New York City
New York Society for the Suppression of Vice
New York World
North American Review, The
nudity: of Houdini; and images of white manliness; versus nakedness in visual arts and history; social credentialing of; as subject of academic study; as subject of artistic study; as subject of ethnography; as subject of science; as symbol of Sandow’s power; in visual arts and history; see also body image
O’Keeffe, Miles
On the Origin of Species (Darwin)
“organization” men and women
Orpheum circuit
Orpheum Theatre, San Francisco
Osborne, Duffield
“Outlaw of Torn, The” (Burroughs)
“Palingenesia” (Lynn)
Palmer, Bertha Honoré
Palmer, Potter
Passing of the Great Race, The (Grant)
Pettee, Clinton
Philippine-American War
Phillips Academy
photography: culturally acceptable nude images in; and Houdini’s bridge jumps; and images of masculinity; in a kinetoscope; proliferation of; Sandow’s image in
Physical Culture
physical fitness: and Jahn’s gymnasium movement; Macfadden on; Sandow’s encouragement of
physical strength: decline of white male; of Houdini; as manifestation of manliness; of Sandow; as self-determined
“Pit and the Pendulum, The” (Poe)
Pittsburg Auto Vise and Tool
Pittsburgh Plate Glass
“Players in the Great Game” (article in System magazine)
Plessy v. Ferguson
Poe, Edgar Allan
Pollice Vervo (“Thumbs Down”) (Gérôme)
Pope, Saxton
Powers, Hiram
press coverage: of Eltinge’s “ambisextrous abilities,”; of Houdini; of Lurline’s assault on Sandow; of Sandow; of Sullivan
Prince, Walter Franklin
Princess of Mars, A (Burroughs)
Princess Theatre, Montreal
private showings and receptions: for nude sculptures; for Sandow
Proctor, F. F.
psychic communication
Pulitzer, Joseph
Pulitzer Building, New York
Pullman, George
Pullman, Harriet S.
pulp fiction
Pure Food and Drug Law (1906)
Putney Vale cemetery, London
Pygmalion, Greek myth of
“race suicide”: warnings of
racial issues: in boxing; as evident in Roosevelt’s views; in Tarzan
Radcliffe students: body measurements of
Rahner, Wilhelmina, see Houdini, Wilhelmina Beatrice Rahner “Bess”
railroad bankruptcies and 1893 depression
Reeves, Steve
Reilly & Britton, publishers
Remington, Frederic
Return of Tarzan (Burroughs)
Richet, Charles-Robert
Robert-Houdin, Jean-Eugène
Rome, classical
Roosevelt, Theodore: in Africa; Autobiography of; manliness and spectacle of; and Rough Riders; sickly childhood of; views on race of; warnings of “race suicide” by; western ranch life of
Rough Riders
Royal Aquarium theatre, London
Sacher-Masoch, Leopold von
Salutat (Eakins)
Sampson, Charles A.
Sandow, Eugen: American debut of; as Apollo; arrival on Elbe of; assault by “Lurline, the Water Queen” on; birth, parents, and background of; body measurements and display of; in Boston; as British subject; and classical ideal; complexion of; cultivation of gentleman image by; death of; as Dying Gaul; in Edison’s filmstrips
and films, as example of freedom; as Farnese Hercules; and fig-leaf attire; as first male pinup; and gladiator ideal; and Great War; as heroic ideal of manhood; as historical embodiment of manliness; as icon of hypermasculinity; impostors of; in India; invitations to touch body of; in leopard-skin leotard; as model for statue of European man; as modern Hercules; as “perfect man,”; physical examination of; with Roosevelt; self-differentiation from circus performers of; souvenir photographs of; in “strongest man on earth” contest, London; and strongman Attila; in “Tomb of Hercules” position; at Trocadero Theatre, Chicago; in wrestling match with Commodore the lion
“Sandowe” (Sandow impostor), see Montgomery, Irving
Sandow on Physical Training (Sandow)
San Francisco Chronicle
San Francisco Examiner, The
San Juan Hill, Cuba
Sargent, Dr. Dudley A.; body measurements of students by; examination of Knowles by; examination of Roosevelt by; examination of Sandow by; examination of Sullivan by; statue of Sandow presented to
Sarony, Napoleon
Saturday Evening Post, The
Scarry, Elaine
Schwarzenegger, Arnold
Scientific American
seances and spiritualism
Seize the Day (Bellow)
self-liberation: Houdini’s theme of; Tarzan as act of
self-made man: Houdini as; Sandow as
Seton, Ernest Thompson
sexuality: and Eltinge’s “ambisextrous abilities,”; and eroticism; in Tarzan and Herland; of wild men
Shaw, A. W.
Sherlock Holmes
Siciliano, Angelo, see Atlas, Charles
Sierra Club
“Significance of the Frontier in American History, The” (Turner)
Sister Carrie (Dreiser)
sleight of hand
social class: and importance of privileged social credentials; and religion; and Sandow’s appeal; and strongman contests and challenges; and Sullivan’s appeal; in Tarzan of the Apes; and vaudeville’s appeal; and white-collar workers
Society of American Magicians
Spanish-American War
sports: and bachelor subculture
Standard Oil
Standish, Burt L.
Stanley, Henry
Steckel, George
Stettinius, Edward R.
Stoddard, John L.
strength, see physical strength
strongmen; see also Sandow, Eugen
Sullivan, John L. (the Boston Strong Boy); as Hercules; and nickname “Spartacus Sullivan,”
Sullivan, Sir Arthur
Summerville, Amelia
Sweetser, Lew
Swift, Sarah E., see “Lurline, the Water Queen”
System: The Magazine of Business
Taft, William Howard
Taking the Count (Eakins)
Tarzan: as historical embodiment of manliness; as “perfect man,”; as primate-like; and urge to recover wildness
Tarzan of the Apes (Burroughs): anti-German attitudes in; and concept of freedom; in film; heredity versus environment in; idea for; importance of privileged social credentials in; as means of imaginative escape; and primate behavior; publication in All-Story of; sequels to; story of
Taussig, F. W.
Taylor, Frederick Winslow
Terror Island (film)
Thoreau, Henry David
Thurston, Howard
Times, The (London)
transformation, see metamorphosis
Tremont Theatre, Boston
Trocadero Theatre, Chicago
Turner, Frederick Jackson
United Booking Office
United Fruit
United States Steel
U.S. Rubber
U.S. Supreme Court
Van der Weyde, Henry
vaudeville: female performers in; golden age of; as popular new entertainment; Sandow’s success in; theater circuits for
Victor (the “savage of Aveyron”)
Vietnam War
violence: as evidence of masculinity; by Sandow against black bellboy; of Sullivan; see also bodily risk
Virginian, The (Wister)
Walter (Crandon’s brother and spirit-control)
Washington, Booker T
Washington Times
Waterman, Thomas
Watts, G. F.
Wayburn, Ned
weakness: as male concern
Weber, Max
Weed Chain Tire Grip Company
Weiss, Ehrich, see Houdini, Harry
Weiss, Theo (Houdini’s brother)
Weisz, Cecilia (Houdini’s mother); death of
Weisz, Erik, see Houdini, Harry
Weisz, Rabbi Mayer Samuel (Houdini’s father); death of; as moyel and shocher
Welsh Brothers Circus
Western Electric
West Point
Weyerhaeuser Timber
“What Are Profits?” (Taussig)
white-collar workers
white male identity: historical perspective on; images of; Tarzan and rediscovery of; see also Houdini, Harry; Sandow, Eugen
wild boys and men
Wild Peter
Willard, Jess
Wilson, Woodrow
Winckelmann, Johann
Wister, Owen
woman suffrage
women, see gender issues
Women and Economics (Gilman)
World’s Columbian Exposition, Chicago
writers for pulp fiction
Yahi Indians
Yale University
Yeats, William Butler
Ziegfeld, Florenz, Jr.