Abelard (1079–1142)
Abraham
Achilles
Adam
Adler, Alfred (1870–1937)
Adorno, Theodor (1903–1969)
Albert the Great (c. 1206–1280)
Alcoff, Linda
Alexander of Aphrodisias (fl. 200)
Alexander of Hales (d. 1245)
Alexander the Great
Al-Farabi (c. 878–950)
Al-Kindi (c. 800–866)
Allah, 52–53
Allport, Floyd (1890–1978)
Amaury of Bena (died c. 1204–7)
Ambrose, Mark
Angel, Ernest
Anna O
Anonymous Vaticanus
Anselm of Canterbury (1033–1109)
Aquinas, Thomas (1225–1274)
Arbuthnot, John
Aristotle, (384–322 B.C.E.)
Arnauld, Antoine (1612–1694)
Arnobius (fl. 300)
Athenagoras (fl. 180)
Augustine, (354–430)
Aurelius, Marcus (121–180)
Austin, J. L. (1911–1960)
Avempace (Ibn Bājjah)
Avencibrol
Averroës (Ibn Rushd) (1126–1198)
Avicebron. See Avencibrol
Avicenna (Ibn Sina) (980–1037)
Avramides, Anita
Ayer, A. J., (1910–1989)
Ayers, Michael
Bacon, Francis (1561–1626)8
Bain, Alexander (1818–1903)
Bakhtin, Mikhail
Baldwin, James M. (1861–1934)
Ballie, James
Barresi, John
Barthes, Roland (1915–1980)
Bartky, Sandra
Basil of Caesarea (c. 329–379)
Bayle, Pierre (1647–1706)
Beatrice
Beckett, Samuel
Bell, Charles (1774–1842)
Belsham, Thomas (1750–1829)
Benjamin, Walter (1892–1940)
Bennett, J.
Berkeley, George (1685–1753)
Bhabha, Homi K.
Binswanger, Ludwig (1881–1966)
Biran, Maine de (1766–1824)
Black, Deborah
Blackburn, Simon
Blumenthal, H. J.
Bobro, M.
Boethius (480–c. 525)
Bogen, Joseph
Bonaventure (1217–1274)
Bonnet, Charles (1720–1793)
Bourdin
Boyle, Robert (1627–1691)
Bradley, F. H. (1846–1924)
Braid, James (1795–1860)
Brennan, Tad
Brentano, Franz (1838–1917)
Breuer, Josef (1842–1925)
Broca, Paul (1824–1880)
Brown, Thomas (1778–1820)
Bruno, Giordano (1548–1600)
Buber, Martin (1878–1965)
Burke, Peter
Burthogge, Richard (c. 1638–c. 1694)
Butler, Joseph (1692–1752)
Butler, Judith
Bynum, Caroline Walker
Cabanis, Pierre (1757–1808)
Campbell, George (1719–1796)
Carpenter, W. B. (1813–1885)
Cassirer, Ernst
Cebes
Celsus (fl. 175)
Charcot, Jean-Martin (1825–1893)
Chin, Frank
Chisholm, Roderick
Chodorow, Nancy
Chrysippus (280–206 B.C.E.)
Cicero (106–43 B.C.E.)
Clarke, Samuel (1675–1729)
Clement of Rome (c. 30–c. 100)
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor (1772–1834)
Collins, Anthony (1676–1729)
Comte, Auguste (1798–1857)
Condillac, Étienne Bonnot de (1715–1780)
Condorcet, Marie Jean Antoine Nicolas de Caritat (1743–1794)
Cooper, Thomas (1759–1839)
Copernicus, Nicolaus (1473–1543)
Copleston, F. C.
Corlish, Marcia
Crabbe, James
Craig, Edward
Crane, Tim
Cratylus
Crétien de Troyes (fl. 1165–1190)
Dales, Richard C.
Damasio, Antonio
Daniel
Dante Alighieri (1265–1321)
Darwin, Charles (1809–1882)
Davies, Sir John (1569–1626)
Davies, Margaret
Democritus (c. 460–c. 370 B.C.E.)
Dennett, Daniel
Derrida, Jacques (1930–2004)
Descartes, René (1596–1650)
Dewey, John (1859–1952)
d’Holbach, Paul-Henri (1723–1789)
Diderot, Denis (1713–1784)
Dilthey, Wilhelm (1833–1911)
Diogenes Laertius
Dionysus (Bacchus)
Diotima
Dodd, E. R.
Donne, John (1572–1631)
Dostoevsky, F. (1821–1881)
Dreyfus, Hubert
Dryden, John
DuBois, W. E. B. (1868–1963)
Edwards, Paul
Einstein, Albert
Elisabeth of Bohemia
Elizabeth I
Ellenberger, H. F.
Empedocles (fl. 450 B.C.E.)
Engels, Friedrich (1820–1895)
Epicharmus (fl. fifth c. B.C.E.),)
Epictetus (c. 55–c. 135)
Epicurus (341–270 B.C.E.)
Epiphanius (c. 315–403)
Erasistratus (c. 330–250 B.C.E.)
Erikson, Erik (1902–1994)
Eriugena, John Scotus (c. 810–c. 877)
Ermarth, M.
Esdaile, James (1808–1859)
Eve
Ezekiel
Fairbairn, Ronald
Fanon, Frantz (1925–1961)
Fechner, G. T. (1801–1887)
Felix, Minucius (fl. 200)
Ferrier, David (1843–1928)
Ferrier, James (1808–1864)
Feuerbach, Ludwig (1804–1872)
Fichte, Johann (1762–1814)
Ficino, Marsilio (1433–1499)
Flanagan, Owen
Flourens, Jean-Pierre-Marie (1794–1867)
Foucault, Michel (1926–1984)
Fox, Christopher
Franklin, Benjamin (1706–1790)
Frege, Gottlob (1848–1925)
Freud, Sigmund (1856–1939)
Freud, Anna (1895–1982)
Fromm, Erich (1900–1980)
Gabirol, Solomon Ibn (c. 1022–c. 1060)
Galen (130–200)
Galilei, Galileo (1564–1642)
Gall, Franz Josef (1758–1828)
Gandhi, M.
Gaon, Saadia (882–942)
Garber, Daniel
Gassendi, Pierre (1592–1655)
Gates, Henry Louis, Jr.
Gatti, H.
Gay, John
Gazzaniga, Michael
Gergen, Kenneth and Mary
Giles of Rome (1247–1316)
Gillman, Neil
Giovannelli, Alessandro
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von (1749–1832)
Goffman, Irving
Goldstein, Kurt
Goodman, J. E.
Gregory of Nyssa (c. 335–395)
Gregory Nazianzus (329–389)
Grosseteste, Robert (c. 1168–1253)
Grove, Henry (1684–1738)
Guibert of Nogent (1053–1124)
Guthrie, Edward (1886–1959)5
Habermas, Jürgen
Hall, Stanley (1844–1924)
Hall, Stuart
Hamilton, William (1788–1856)
Hamlet
Harley, Robert
Harlow, Harry
Harrington, Anne
Hartley, David (1705–1757)
Haslanger, Sally
Hatfield, Gary
Hazlitt, William (1778–1830)
Heckel, Theo K.
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich (1770–1831)
Heidegger, Martin (1889–1976)
Hartmann, Heinz
Helmholtz, Hermann von (1821–1894)
Heloise (1101–1162)
Heraclitus (c. 535–c. 475 B.C.E.)
Herbart, Johann Friedrich (1776–1841)
Herder, J. G. (1744–1803)
Hermans, Hubert2
Hermes Trismegistus
Herophilus (c. 330–250 B.C.E.)9
Hierocles (fl. 100)
Higgins, K. M.
Hippocrates (fl. 400 B.C.E.)
Hitchcock, Alfred
Hobbes, Thomas (1588–1679)
Hodgson, S. H. (1832–1912)
Hoffman, M. L.
Homer
Honorius Augustodunensis (fl. 1100 to 1135)
Hooker, Sir Joseph
Horace
Horkheimer, Max (1895–1973)
Horney, Karen
Hughlings Jackson, John (1835–1911)
Hull, Clark (1884–1952)
Hume, David (1711–1776)
Humphrey, Nicholas
Husserl, Edmund (1859–1938)
Huxley, Thomas H. (1825–1895)
Hyde, Mr.
Ibn Hazm (994–1064)
Innocent III, Pope (c. 1161–1216)
Irenaeus (c. 130–c. 203)
Isaiah
Israel, Jonathan
Israeli, Isaac ben Solomon (c. 855–c. 955)
Jaeger, Werner
James, the Apostle
James, William (1842–1910)
Janet, Pierre (1859–1947)1
Jaynes, Julian
Jekyll, Dr.
Jerome (345–420)
Jesus of Nazareth (also Christ) (c. 4 B.C.E. to 30 C.E.)
John the Baptist
John (Gospel)
John of Jerusalem (fl. 390)
Jung, Carl (1875–1961)
Justin Martyr (c. 100–c. 165)
Kant, Immanuel (1724–1804)
Kelley, Grace
Kempen, H.
Kepler, Johannes (1571–1630)
Kierkegaard, Søren (1813–1855)
Klages, Mary
Kripke, Saul
Kristeller, Paul Oskar
Kuhn, Thomas
Kusch, Martin
La Mettrie, Julien Offray de (1709–1751)
Lacan, Jacques (1901–1981)9
Laertes
Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste de (1744–1829)
Latham, E.
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm (1646–1716)
Lessing, G. E. (1729–1781)
Leviathan
Lévi-Strauss, Claude (b. 1908)
Lewes, G. H. (1817–1878)
Lewis, C. S.
Lewis, David
Lincoln, A.
Lindheim, Nancy
Littré, Emile
Locke, John (1632–1704)
Lombard, Peter (c. 1100–1160)
Lowe, Lisa
Lucretius, Carus (c. 95–c. 54 B.C.E.)
Luke (Gospel)
Luther, Martin (1483–1546)
Lyell, Charles
MacDonald, Paul S.
MacIntyre, Alasdair4
MacPherson, C. B.
Macrina
Maimonides, Moses (1135–1204)
Malcolm X (1925–1965)
Malebranche, Nicholas (1638–1715)
Malthus, Thomas (1776–1834)
Mama, Amina
Manetti, Giannozzo (1396–1459)
Marcuse, Herbert (1898–1979)
Mark (Gospel)
Markova, Ivana
Marquess of Newcastle
Martin, Raymond
Marx, Karl (1818–1883)
Mary, mother of Jesus
Maslow, Abraham (1908–1970)
Matthew (Gospel)
May, Rollo (1909–1994)
McAdams, Dan5
Mead, George Herbert (1863–1931)
Merleau-Ponty, Maurice (1908–1961)
Mesmer, Franz Anton (1734–1815)
Methodius of Olympus (fl. 300)5
Metzinger, Thomas
Meyers, Diana
Michael, Emily
Mijuskovic, B.
Mill, James (1773–1836)
Mill, John Stuart (1806–1873)
Montaigne (1533–1592)
Moore, Chris
Moore, G. E., (1873–1958)
Morris, Colin6
Moses
Muhammad (c. 570–632)
Müller, Johannes (1801–1858)
Munro, H. A. J.
Murray, Henry (1893–1988)
Nagel, Thomas
Neisser, Ulrich
Nequam, Alexander
Nero
Neuhouser, Frederick
Newton, Isaac (1642–1727)
Nicholas de Autrecourt (c. 1300–c. 1350)
Nietzsche, Friedrich (1844–1900)
Nozick, Robert
Ockham, William of (1285–1349)
Origen of Alexandria (c. 185–254)
Orpheus
Otloh of St. Emmeram (c. 1010–c. 1070)
Palumbo-Liu, David
Pammachius
Paracelsus (1493–1541)
Parfit, Derek
Parnell, Thomas
Pascal, Blaise (1623–1662)
Patterson, Sarah
Paul, Saint (c. 10–c. 67)
Pavlov, Ivan (1849–1936)
Peirce, Charles (1839–1914)
Perkins, Jean A.
Perner, Josef
Perry, John
Peter, the Apostle
Peter of Spain (c. 1205–1277)
Petrarch (1304–1374)
Philip the Chancellor (c. 1170–c. 1236)
Philo Judaeus (fl. 20–40 B.C.E.)
Philoponus, John (c. 490–c. 575)
Piaget, Jean (1896–1980)
Piccolomini, Francesco (c. 1523–1607)
Pico della Mirandola, Giovanni (1463–1494)
Pindar
Plato (c. 429–c. 348 B.C.E.)
Plotinus (204–270)
Plutarch (c. 46–127)
Polonius
Pomponazzi, Pietro (1462–1525)
Pope, Alexander (1688–1744)
Porphyry (233–301)
Porter, Roy
Potter, Paul
Premack, David
Priestley, Joseph (1733–1804)
Prince, Morton
Priscus Helvidius
Proclus (412–487)
Pseudo-Dionysius (fl. c. 600)
Puccetti, R.
Putnam, Hilary
Puységur, Marquis de (1751–1825)
Pyrrho (c. 360–c. 272 B.C.E.)
Pythagoras (fl. 530 B.C.E.)
Quine, W. V. O.
Rabinow, Paul
Randall, John, Jr.
Reid, Thomas (1710–1796)
Reiss, Timothy
Ribot, Theodule (1839–1916)
Richet, Charles (1850–1935)
Ricoeur, Paul
Rijks, T.
Rogers, Carl (1902–1987)
Roosevelt, Eleanor
Ross, E. A. (1866–1951)
Rouse, William
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques (1712–1778)
Royce, Josiah (1855–1916)
Rozemond, Marleen
Russell, Bertrand (1872–1970)
Ryle, Gilbert (1900–1976)
Sade, Marquis de (1740–1814)
Saint Sauveur, C. P. de (d. 1844)
Saladin (c. 1137–1193)
Sanders, E. P.
Sartre, Jean-Paul (1905–1980)
Saussure, Ferdinand de (1857–1913)
Scheler, Max (1874–1928)
Schelling, F. W. J. von (1775–1854)
Schiller, Friedrich von (1759–1805)
Schmid, Karl C. E. (1761–1812)
Schmitt, C. B.
Schopenhauer, Arthur (1788–1860)
Scotus, John Duns (1265–1308)
Sebond, Raimond (d. 1432)1
Sedley, David
Seneca (4 B.C.E.–65 C.E.)
Sextus Empiricus (c. 150–c. 225)
Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley-Cooper, third Earl of (1671–1713)
Shakespeare, William (1564–1616)
Shoemaker, Sydney
Sidgwick, Henry (1838–1900)
Siger of Brabant (1240–1284)
Simmias
Simplicius (c. 490–c. 560)
Skinner, B. F. (1904–1990)
Skinner, Quentin
Smith, Adam (1723–1790)
Smith, Roger
Socrates (c. 470–399 B.C.E.)
Solomon, Robert
Sophocles (c. 496–406 B.C.E.)
Sorabji, Richard
Sosa, Ernest
Spencer, Herbert (1820–1903)
Sperry, Roger9
Spiegel, Rudolph
Spillers, Hortense
Spinoza, Benedictus (Baruch) (1632–1677)
Spivak, Gayatri C.
Staden, Heinrich von
Stam, Hendericus9
Steiner, Rudolf
Stewart, Dugald (1753–1828)
Stewart, Jimmy
Stewart-Robertson, J. C.
Stillingfleet, Bishop E., (1635–1699)
Strato (c. 340–c. 270 B.C.E.)
Sullivan, Harry Stack (1892–1949)
Sutton, J.
Swift, Jonathan (1667–1745)
Tart, Charles
Taylor, Charles
Telesio, Bernardino (1509–1588)
Tertullian (c. 160–c. 230)
Themistius (c. 317–c. 388)
Theodoric (c. 454–526)
Theophrastus (c. 372–287 B.C.E.)
Theseus
Thomas (Gnostic Gospel)
Thiel, Udo
Tillich, Paul (1886–1965)
Titchener, E. B. (1867–1927)
Tomkins, Sylvan
Tsouna, Voula
Tucker, Abraham (1705–1774)0
Tyndall, John (1820–1893)0
Unger, Peter
Uzgalis, William0
Vespasian, Emperor
Vico, G. B. (1668–1744)
Victorinus (fl. 270)
Virgil (70–19 B.C.E.)
Vygotsky, Lev (1896–1934)
Wallace, Alfred Russel (1823–1913)
Warens, Madame de
Watson, J. B. (1878–1958)
Watts, Isaac (1674–1748)
West, Cornell
Wiener, P. P.
Wigan, A. L. (fl. 1844)
Wilber, Ken
William of Auvergne (c. 1180–1249)
William of Champeaux (c. 1070–c. 1121)
William of Ockham. See Ockham
William of Poitiers
William of Saint Thierry (c. 1085–1148)
Willis, Thomas (1621–1675)
Wimmer, Heinz
Winnicott, Donald
Wittgenstein, Ludwig (1889–1951)
Wokler, Robert
Woodruff, Guy7
Wozniak, Robert H.
Wright, John P.
Wundt, Wilhelm (1832–1920)
Yates, Francis
Yolton, J. W.
Young, Robert M.
Zabarella, Jacopo (1533–1589)5
Zeno of Citium (335–263 B.C.E.)
Zilboorg, Gregory