114. Stoye, The Siege of Vienna 45
115. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 1.757–8
116. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 137
117. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 139, 141–2
118. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.5–6
119. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 146–8
120. Stoye, The Siege of Vienna 120–49, 174–5
121. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.39
122. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 151
123. Stoye, The Siege of Vienna 150–73
124. Kolodziejczyk, Ottoman–Polish Diplomatic Relations 153–4
125. Stoye, The Siege of Vienna 200–27
126. Stoye, The Siege of Vienna 243–64
127. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.87–8
128. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 163
129. Stoye, The Siege of Vienna 158–61
130. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 159–60
131. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.119–21
132. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.124
133. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.123
134. Gabriel, ‘Die Türkenbeute in Öster-reich’ 101ff
135. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 1.757–8
136. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.120
137. Zilfi, The Politics of Piety 157
138. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 210
Chapter Ten: The empire unravels
1. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.126–7
2. Setton, Venice, Austria, and the Turks 273–4
3. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.231–2
4. Gökbilgin and Repp, art. Köprülü, EI2 V.261; Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.127
5. Setton, Venice, Austria, and the Turks 273–6
6. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 166, 179–80, 206–7
7. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 211, 212, 213–14
8. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.228
9. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.236–7, 240–41, 243
10. Atasoy, art. Hırka-i Saâdet, İA2 17.375
11. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.238–9
12. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.249–53
13. Setton, Venice, Austria, and the Turks 277, 280–81, 282–3
14. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.262–4; cf. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 221
15. Setton, Venice, Austria and the Turks 287, 309–12
16. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 230–31
17. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.292
18. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 232–3
19. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 233–7
20. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 237–8
21. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 238–42
22. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 243–5
23. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 213, 214, 245–7
24. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 246, 247, 248–9
25. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 228–9, 232–5, 237
26. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 251–3
27. Silâhdâr Fındılılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.291, 295
28. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 254
29. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.296–8
30. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 438–9
31. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 265, 268–71
32. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 271, 272, 273–4, 275
33. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 275–7
34. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 280–81
35. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 282–5
36. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 285–6, 288–9
37. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 245, 288
38. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 288–9, 290, 293, 315
39. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 287
40. Pamuk, A Monetary History 145–6, 155–8
41. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.365
42. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.365–6; Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 291–2
43. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 305
44. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.371–4
45. Heywood, ‘English Diplomacy’ 65
46. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 305, 308–10
47. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 312–13, 314
48. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 312–13
49. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 320–21, 329–30, 338
50. Setton, Venice, Austria, and the Turks 389–90
51. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 322
52. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 330
53. Heywood, ‘An Undiplomatic Anglo-Dutch Dispute’ 64
54. Heywood, ‘English Diplomacy’ 78–80
55. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 330–33
56. Yılmaz, ‘The Life of Köprülü Fazıl Mustafa Pasha’ 35
57. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 333, 334, 336, 338, 339–40
58. Gökbilgin and Repp, art. Köprülü, EI2 V.261
59. Gökbilgin and Repp, art. Köprülü, EI2 V.261
60. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 339–40
61. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 341, 343ff
62. Yılmaz, ‘The Life of Köprülü Fazıl Mustafa Pasha’ 24–7
63. Yılmaz, ‘The Life of Köprülü Fazıl Mustafa Pasha’ 27–31
64. Halaçoğlu, art. Evlâd-i Fâtihan, İA2 11.524–5
65. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 366–7
66. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 367–8, 370–71
67. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 369, 371–3, 374–5, 376
68. Heywood, ‘English Diplomacy’ 117
69. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 379
70. Finkel, The Administration of Warfare 17
71. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 377–8
72. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 298–9, 343, 345
73. Yılmaz, ‘The Life of Köprülü Fazıl Mustafa Pasha’ 19–20
74. Yılmaz, ‘Osmanlı İmparatorluğunda Tütün Tarımı’
75. Tabakoğlu, Gerileme Dönemine Girerken Osmanlı Maliyesi 274–5; Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 632–3
76. Halaçoğlu, XVIII. yüzyılda Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun iskan siyaseti 4–6
77. Orhonlu, Osmanlı İmparatorluğunda Aşiretleri İskân Teşebbüsü 30
78. Halaçoğlu, XVIII. yüzyılda Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun iskan siyaseti 4–6
79. Orhonlu, Osmanlı İmparatorluğunda Aşiretleri İskân Teşebbüsü 43ff
80. Orhonlu, Osmanlı İmparatorluğunda Aşiretleri İskân Teşebbüsü map
81. Orhonlu, Osmanlı İmparatorluğunda Aşiretleri İskân Teşebbüsü 43ff
82. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 1.246–50; Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 627–8
83. Orhonlu, Osmanlı İmparatorluğunda Aşiretleri İskân Teşebbüsü 89–90
84. Murphey, ‘Ottoman Census Methods’ 120
85. Yılmaz, ‘The Life of Köprülü Fazıl Mustafa Pasha’ 46–7
86. Rossitsa Gradeva, personal communication
87. Yılmaz, ‘The Life of Köprülü Fazıl Mustafa Pasha’ 48
88. Yılmaz, ‘The Life of Köprülü Fazıl Mustafa Pasha’ 48–53; Tabakoğlu, Gerileme Dönemine Girerken Osmanlı Maliyesi 136–49
89. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.567–9
90. Silâhdâr Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Silâhdâr Ta’rîhi 2.569–70
91. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 398
92. Murphey, ‘Continuity and Discontinuity’ 419ff
93. Murphey, art. Süleyman II, EI2 IX.842
94. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 399–400, 405
95. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 377, 403
96. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 404, 407
97. Heywood, ‘An Undiplomatic Anglo-Dutch Dispute’ 66
98. Ingrao, The Habsburg Monarchy 79
99. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 421–2, 424, 430–32, 438
100. Heywood, ‘An Undiplomatic Anglo-Dutch Dispute’ 73–91
101. Heywood, ‘English Diplomacy’ 216
102. Heywood, ‘English Diplomacy’ passim
103. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 440, 445, 450–54, 456–63, 465, 492–4
104. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 522–3
105. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 549, 553
106. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 1.57
107. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 554–5, 555–6, 558, 566, 570
108. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 1.133
109. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 588, 591–4
110. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 1.277–9
111. Köprülü, art. (‘Amūdja-zāde) Husayn Pasha, EI2 III.627
112. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 622
113. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 1.280
114. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 1.277–8
115. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 622–3
116. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 1.294–9
117. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 1.299–300
118. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 639–41, 643–5, 649–50
119. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 645, 650
120. Heywood, ‘English Diplomacy’ 257
121. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 653–4
122. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 654–62
123. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 662–7 (Ottoman text of treaty with Poland-Lithuania); Kolodziejczyk, Ottoman–Polish Diplomatic Relations 593–8 (English translation of Ottoman text of treaty with Poland-Lithuania)
124. Setton, Venice, Austria, and the Turks 354–8
125. Setton, Venice, Austria, and the Turks 380–86
126. Setton, Venice, Austria, and the Turks 386–7
127. Köprülü, art. (‘Amūdja-zāde) Husayn Pasha, EI2 III.627
128. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 620, 646–7
129. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 667–72 (Ottoman text of treaty with Venice)
130. Hughes, Russia in the Age of Peter the Great 10
131. Fuller, Strategy and Power 14ff
132. Hughes, Russia in the Age of Peter the Great 8–11, 17–18
133. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 1.375–7 (Ottoman text of truce with Muscovy)
134. Hughes, Russia in the Age of Peter the Great 26
135. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 692–8 (Ottoman text of treaty with Muscovy)
136. Abou-El-Haj, ‘The Formal Closure’ 467
137. Abou-El-Haj, ‘The Narcissism of Mustafa II’ 123
138. Abou-El-Haj, ‘The Formal Closure’ 467, 470–71
139. Kolodziejczyk, Ottoman–Polish Diplomatic Relations 61–2
140. Stoye, Marsigli’s Europe 164ff; Kolodziejczyk, Ottoman–Polish Diplomatic Relations 57
141. Kolodziejczyk, Ottoman–Polish Diplomatic Relations 634
142. Abou-El-Haj, ‘The Formal Closure’ 471–5
143. Peri, ‘Islamic Law and Christian Holy Sites’ 97–104
144. Peri, Christianity under Islam 98, 101, 105–9, 111–12, 153
145. Peri, Christianity under Islam 201
146. Abou-El-Haj, Formation of the Modern State 126
147. Tabakoğlu, Gerileme Dönemine Girerken Osmanlı Maliyesi 266–7
148. Finkel, The Administration of Warfare 260–63
149. Tabakoğlu, Gerileme Dönemine Girerken Osmanlı Maliyesi 295–9
150. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 581
151. Genç, ‘Osmanlı Maliyesinde Malikane Sistemi’ 285–8
152. Genç, ‘A study of the feasibility’ 348
153. Genç, ‘Osmanlı Maliyesinde Malikane Sistemi’ 285–8; Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, Zübde-i Vekayiât 512–13
154. Salzmann, ‘Measures of Empire’ 136
155. Goffman, ‘İzmir: from village’ 107–9
156. Abou-El-Haj, Formation of the Modern State 122–3
157. Abou-El-Haj, ‘The Ottoman Vezir and Paşa Households’ 443–4
158. Abou-El-Haj, Formation of the Modern State 126–7
159. Abou-El-Haj, ‘The Ottoman Vezir and Paşa Households’ 439–43
160. Kunt, ‘Naîmâ, Köprülü and the Grand Vezirate’ 58–9
161. Murphey, ‘Continuity and Discontinuity’ 425
Chapter Eleven: The perils of insouciance
1. Köprülü, art. (‘Amūdja-zāde) Husayn Pasha, EI2 III.626–7
2. Faroqhi, ‘An Ulama Grandee’ 199ff
3. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 2.162–3
4. Türek and Derin, ‘Feyzullah Efendi’nin kendi kaleminden’ 24.69ff, 89; cf. Türek and Derin, ‘Feyzullah Efendi’nin kendi kaleminden’ 23.205ff; Derin, ‘Şeyhülislâm Feyzullah Efendi’nin nesebi’ 97ff
5. Abou-El-Haj, The 1703 Rebellion 16ff, 115–17
6. Abou-El-Haj, The 1703 Rebellion 24
7. Abou-El-Haj, The 1703 Rebellion 30–1
8. Abou-El-Haj, The 1703 Rebellion 33ff, 62–3
9. Baykal, art. Râmî Mehmed Paşa, İA 9.623–4; Abou-El-Haj, The 1703 Rebellion 72–5
10. Abou-El-Haj, The 1703 Rebellion 65–74, 77–8
11. (Anonymous), Anonim Osmanlı Tarihi 275
12. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 2.184
13. Özcan, art. Defterdar Sarı Mehmed Paşa, İA2 9.98
14. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 2.193–5
15. (Anonymous) Anonim Osmanlı Tarihi 249–51
16. Tayşi, art. Feyzullah Efendi (Seyyid), İA2 12.527
17. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 2.181–97
18. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 2.235, 239–40
19. Aksan, An Ottoman Statesman 18–19
20. Frost, The Northern Wars 226ff, 263ff
21. LeDonne, The Russian Empire 24
22. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 2.229
23. Frost, The Northern Wars 286–8, 372–3
24. Frost, The Northern Wars 288–94
25. Theolin, The Swedish Palace 32, 33
26. Kurat, Prut Seferi 1.124, 133–5
27. Frost, The Northern Wars 287
28. Ortaylı, ‘Une proclamation universelle’ 105–9
29. Hughes, Russia in the Age of Peter the Great 46
30. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 2.265–6
31. Aksan, Ottoman Warfare ch. 3
32. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 2.276ff, 287ff
33. LeDonne, The Russian Empire 91
34. Aksan, An Ottoman Statesman 89–90
35. Theolin, The Swedish Palace 35–40
36. Theolin, The Swedish Palace 41–4
37. Hughes, Russia in the Age of Peter the Great 46–7, 352; cf. Aktepe, ‘1711 Prut seferi’ 23–4
38. Darkot, art. Karadağ, İA 6.225
39. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 2.324–6
40. Aksan, Ottoman Warfare ch. 3
41. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 2.336–8
42. Kurat and Bromley, ‘The Retreat of the Turks’ 210–11
43. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 2.344–5
44. Kurat and Bromley, ‘The Retreat of the Turks’ 211–12
45. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 2.366–71
46. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 2.374–5
47. Gökbilgin, ‘II. Rakoczi Ferencz’ 595ff
48. Rothenburg, The Austrian Military Border 103
49. Ortaylı, ‘Ottoman–Habsburg Relations’ 290
50. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 2.227
51. Artan, ‘From Charismatic Leadership’ 53ff
52. Öztuna, Devletler ve Hanedânlar 220–27
53. Salzmann, ‘Measures of Empire’ 194ff
54. Genç, ‘A study of the feasibility’ 349
55. Salzmann, ‘Measures of Empire’ 170
56. Genç, ‘Osmanlı Maliyesinde Malikane Sistemi’ 245
57. Salzmann, ‘Measures of Empire’ 172–3
58. Genç, ‘Osmanlı Maliyesinde Malikane Sistemi’ 239
59. Genç, ‘A study of the feasibility’ 356
60. Genç, art. Esham, İA2 11.377
61. Artan, ‘Periods and Problems’ 22–5
62. Genç, ‘A study of the feasibility’ 356
63. Salzmann, ‘Measures of Empire’ 181
64. McGowan, ‘The Age of the Ayans’ 734–5
65. Genç, ‘Ottoman Industry’ 69–82
66. Göçek, East Encounters West 4
67. Unat, Osmanli Sefirleri 52–3
68. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 2.250–52; Uluçay, ‘Fatma ve Safiye’ 139–48
69. Atıl, ‘The Story of an Eighteenth-Century Ottoman Festival’ 181ff; İrepoğlu, Levnî 87ff
70. Artan, ‘From Charismatic Leadership’ 62
71. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 2.269–70
72. Mehmed Râşid Râşid Ta’rîhi 5.307–8
73. Necipoğlu, Architecture, Ceremonial and Power 258
74. Necipoğlu, ‘The Suburban Landscape’ 32ff
75. Wortley Montagu, The Turkish Embassy Letters 140
76. Kuban, Istanbul 336
77. Artan, ‘Aspects of the Ottoman Elite’s Food Consumption’ 107ff
78. Schama, Landscape and Memory 329
79. İrepoğlu, ‘Innovation and Change’ 380–85, 408–11
80. Özergin, art. Râşid, Mehmed, İA 9.632
81. Mehmed Râşid, Râşid Ta’rîhi 5.185–6, 311–15
82. Göçek, East Encounters West 76
83. Aktepe, ‘Kâğıdhâne’ye Dâir Bâzı Bilgiler’ 339–43, 353
84. Hughes, Russia in the Age of Peter the Great 218
85. Göçek, East Encounters West 75–7
86. Hughes, Russia in the Age of Peter the Great 217–18; Göçek, East Encounters West 75
87. Hamadeh, ‘Splash and Spectacle’ 123ff
88. Zilfi, ‘Women and Society’ 295–6
89. Pavord, The Tulip 58–62
90. Evliyâ Çelebi, Seyahatnâme, 1.206
91. Aktepe, ‘Damad İbrahim Paşa’ 91–126
92. Pavord, The Tulip 137ff
93. Pavord, The Tulip 43–55, esp. 50
94. Necipoğlu, Architecture, Ceremonial and Power 151–2
95. Mehmed Râşid, Râşid Ta’rîhi 5.320–28
96. İrepoğlu, Levnî 87
97. Aktepe, Patrona İsyanı 62
98. Zilfi, ‘A Medrese for the Palace’ 186, 189
99. Zilfi, ‘Elite Circulation’ 320
100. Zilfi, ‘Elite Circulation’ 326, 340–41
101. Aktepe, Patrona İsyanı 104ff
102. Zilfi, ‘İbrahim Pasha and the Women’ 555ff
103. Zilfi, ‘Women and Society’ 294–8
104. Olson, ‘The Esnaf’ 336
105. Aktepe, ‘XVIII. asrın ilk yarısında İstanbul’un’ 2–9
106. Isma‘il Âsım Efendi, Âsım Ta’rîhi 397–8
107. Aktepe, ‘1727–1728 İzmir isyanına dâir’ 71ff
108. Unat, Osmanlı Sefirleri 59–61
109. Aktepe, ‘Dürrî Ahmet Efendi’nin İran Sefareti’ 1/1.58
110. Olson, ‘The Ottoman–French Treaty’ 349
111. Tucker, ‘The Peace Negotiations’ 21
112. Tucker, ‘The Peace Negotiations’ 21–2
113. Baysun, ‘Müverrih Râşid Efendi’nin İran Elciliğine Dâir’ 145ff; Aktepe, ‘Vak’anüvis Raşid Mehmed Efendi’nin’ 155ff
114. Tucker, ‘The Peace Negotiations’ 22
115. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 2.333, 334, 364
116. Aktepe, Patrona İsyanı 92–5
117. Aktepe, Patrona İsyanı 91, 96–7, 99–100, 118–21
118. Tabakoğlu, Gerileme Dönemine Girerken Osmanlı Maliyesi 275; Aktepe, ‘Ahmed III. devrinde Şark seferine’ 17ff
119. Aktepe, Patrona İsyanı 101
120. Aktepe, Patrona İsyanı 133–40
121. Aktepe, Patrona İsyanı 140–42, 143–5
122. Aktepe, Patrona İsyanı 145, 147–9, 150–54
123. Aktepe, Patrona İsyanı 155–7
124. Veinstein, art. Mehmed Yirmisekiz (Čelebi Efendi), EI2 VI.1006
125. Aktepe, Patrona İsyanı 158–60
126. Aktepe, Patrona İsyanı 161–9
127. Aktepe, Patrona İsyanı 169–80
128. Şem’dânî-zâde Fındıklılı Süleyman Efendi, Mur’i’t-Tevârih 1.16–21
129. Abdi, Abdi Tarihi 62
130. Sem’dânî-zâde Fındıklılı Süleyman Efendi, Mur’i’t-Tevârih 1.17–19
131. Aktepe, ‘XVIII. asrın ilk yarısında Istanbul’un’ 10–16
132. Mehmed Râsid, Râşid Ta’rîhi 5.123
133. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 2.415
134. Salzmann, ‘Measures of Empire’ 175–6
135. Halaçoğlu, XVIII. yüzyılda Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun iskan siyaseti 96–108
136. Aktepe, ‘Nevşehirli Damad İbrahim Paşa’ya âid iki vakfiye’ 151
137. Winter, ‘Ottoman Egypt’ 17–20
138. Hathaway, ‘Egypt in the seventeenth century’ 42, 48, 49ff
139. Crecelius, ‘Egypt in the eighteenth century’ 70–73
140. Hathaway, ‘Çerkes Mehmed Bey’ 108ff
141. Barbir, Ottoman Rule in Damascus xv, 44–55
142. Tekindağ, ‘XVIII. ve XIX. asırlarda Cebel Lübnan’ 31ff
143. Cohen, Palestine in the 18th Century 8–11
144. Cohen, Palestine in the 18th Century 30–42
145. St Laurent and Riedlmayer, ‘Restorations of Jerusalem’ 77–9, 84
146. Barbir, Ottoman Rule in Damascus 89–93, 97–107
147. Hess, ‘The Forgotten Frontier’ 74ff; Ortaylı, ‘Ottoman–Habsburg Relations’ 290–92
148. Kolodziejczyk, Ottoman–Polish Diplomatic Relations 162
149. Theolin, The Swedish Palace 55–8
150. LeDonne, The Russian Empire 99–100, 233–4; Aksan, Ottoman Warfare ch. 3
151. Aksan, Ottoman Warfare ch. 3
152. Eldem, ‘Istanbul: from imperial’, 190–4
153. Tucker, ‘The Peace Negotiations’ 24–32
154. Olson, ‘The Ottoman–French Treaty’ 350
155. Aktepe, ‘XVIII. asrın ilk yarısında İstanbul’un’ 23–4
156. Tucker, ‘The Peace Negotiations’ 34–7
157. Aktepe, ‘XVIII. asrın ilk yarısında İstanbul’un’ 10
158. Özkaya, ‘XVIII inci Yüzyılda Çıkarılan Adalet-nâmelere göre’ 461–2
159. Özkaya, ‘XVIII inci Yüzyılda Çıkarılan Adalet-nâmelere göre’ 459–60
160. Olson, ‘Jews, Janissaries, Esnaf’ 193–7
161. Aktepe, ‘XVIII. asrın ilk yarısında İstanbul’un’ 25–8
162. Faroqhi, ‘Migration into Eighteenth-Century’ 163ff
163. Abdi, Abdi Tarihi 45
164. Eldem, Sa‘dabad 22ff
165. Aktepe, ‘Kâgıdhâne’ye Dâir Bâzı Bilgiler’ 358
166. Kuban, art. Nuruosmaniye Külliyesi, İst. Ansik. 6.100–103
167. Goodwin, A History of Ottoman Architecture 377, 387, 400–402
168. Goodwin, A History of Ottoman Architecture 375
169. Erünsal, Türk Kütüphaneleri Tarihi 61ff
170. Silahdar Fındıklılı Mehmed Ağa, Nusretnâme 2.384–5
171. İrepoğlu, Levnî 23
172. Mystakidis, ‘Hukûmet-i ‘Osmâniye’ 324–5
173. Kut, art. Matba‘a, EI2 VI.800
174. Refik, Onikinci Asr-i Hicrî’de İstanbul Hayatı 89–90
175. Refik, Onikinci Asr-i Hicrî’de İstanbul Hayatı 90
176. Kut, art. Matba‘a, EI2 VI.801
177. Kut, art. Matba‘a, EI2 VI.800
178. Özcan, art. Humbaracı Ahmed Paşa, İA2 18.351; Levy, ‘Military Reform’ 232–3; Hitzel, ‘Relations interculturelles et scientifiques’ 1.304–5
179. Aksan, An Ottoman Statesman 8–9
180. Itzkovitz, ‘Eighteenth Century Ottoman Realities’ 86
181. Unat, Osmanlı Sefirleri 62ff
182. Refik, Onikinci Asr-i Hicrî’de İstanbul Hayatı 87
183. Zilfi, ‘Women and Society’ 298–301
184. Zilfi, ‘Women and Society’ 301
185. Sarıcaoğlu, Kendi Kaleminden Bir Padişahın Portresi 254–5
Chapter Twelve: The power of the provinces
1. Şem’dânî-zâde Fındıklılı Süleyman Efendi, Mur’i’t-Tevârih 2/A.9
2. Altundağ, art. Osman III, İA 9.449
3. Aksan, An Ottoman Statesman
4. Atsız, Ahmed Resmî Efendi’nin 71
5. Atsız, Ahmed Resmî Efendi’nin 73
6. Ingrao, The Habsburg Monarchy 192–4
7. Aksan, An Ottoman Statesman 78, 115–17
8. Kolodziejczyk, Ottoman–Polish Diplomatic Relations 164
9. Fisher, The Russian Annexation 27–8, 29–30
10. Aksan, An Ottoman Statesman 119
11. LeDonne, The Russian Empire 104
12. Aksan, An Ottoman Statesman 144–69
13. Nagata, ‘Greek Rebellion of 1770’ 103ff
14. Anderson, Naval Wars 278–91; Aktepe, art. Çeşme Vak’ası, İA2 8.288–9
15. Nagata, ‘Greek Rebellion of 1770’ 103ff
16. Hess, ‘The Forgotten Frontier’ 83–4
17. Aksan, An Ottoman Statesman 104–8, 111–14
18. Fisher, The Russian Annexation 40–51, 160
19. Aksan, An Ottoman Statesman 153–66
20. Gawrych, ‘Şeyh Galib and Selim III’ 94
21. Fuller, Strategy and Power 140–41
22. Aksan, An Ottoman Statesman 109–10, 188–99
23. Fuller, Strategy and Power 137
24. LeDonne, The Russian Empire 105–6; Hurewitz, Diplomacy in the Near and Middle East 1.54–61 (Engl. translation of treaty)
25. Heywood, art. Küçük Kaynardja, EI2 V.313; Sarıcaoğlu, Kendi Kaleminden Bir Padişahın Portresi 163
26. Süleyman Penah Efendi, ‘Mora İhtilali Tarihçesi’ 156–7
27. Davison, ‘The “Dosografa” Church’ 51ff
28. Davison, ‘“Russian Skill and Turkish Imbecility”’ 35
29. Davison, ‘“Russian Skill and Turkish Imbecility”’ 28ff
30. Fisher, ‘Şahin Giray, the Reformer Khan’ 93ff
31. Fisher, ‘Şahin Giray, the Reformer Khan’ 93ff
32. Emecen, ‘Son Kırım Hânı Şâhin Giray’ın’ 315ff
33. Fisher, ‘Şahin Giray, the Reformer Khan’ 94–5, 109, 119
34. Aksan, An Ottoman Statesman 180–84
35. Beydilli, ‘Bonnaval’in izinde’ 74
36. Uzunçarşılı, ‘Sadrâzam Halil Hamid Paşa’ 239–55
37. Bruess, Religion, Identity and Empire 238
38. Aksan, An Ottoman Statesman 179
39. Sarıcaoğlu, Kendi Kaleminden Bir Padişahın Portresi 175
40. Uzunçarşılı, ‘Kaynarca Muahedesinden Sonraki’ 514–15
41. LeDonne, The Russian Empire 110
42. Sarıcaoğlu, Kendi Kaleminden Bir Padişahın Portresi 249–50
43. Ingrao, The Habsburg Monarchy 207
44. BOA/Hatt-i hümayun no. 8231
45. Sarıcaoğlu, Kendi Kaleminden Bir Padişahın Portresi 260
46. Aksan, Ottoman Warfare ch. 4
47. Ingrao, The Habsburg Monarchy 207–8
48. Karal, Selim III’ün Hatt-i Hümayunları 28–9
49. Naff, ‘Ottoman Diplomatic Relations’ 105–6
50. Aksan, ‘An Ottoman Portrait’ 205–6
51. Aksan, Ottoman Warfare ch. 4
52. Kolodziejczyk, Ottoman–Polish Diplomatic Relations 167, 644–59
53. Ingrao, The Habsburg Monarchy 209–10
54. Naff, ‘Ottoman Diplomatic Relations’ 105–6
55. Ingrao, The Habsburg Monarchy 209–10
56. Gökçe, ‘1787–1806 yılları arasında Kafkasya’da’ 4–12
57. Gökçe, ‘1787–1806 yılları arasında Kafkasya’da’ 19–33
58. Gökçe, ‘1787–1806 yılları arasında Kafkasya’da’ 34–8, 52–3
59. LeDonne, The Russian Empire 108–9
60. Gökçe, ‘1787–1806 yılları arasında Kafkasya’da’ 46–50
61. Sarıcaoğlu, Kendi Kaleminden Bir Padişahın Portresi 168–9, 211–14
62. Genç, art. Esham, İA2 11.377
63. Eldem, French Trade 59
64. Aksan, ‘The One-eyed Fighting the Blind’ 228–9
65. Aksan, ‘Feeding the Ottoman Troops’ 1ff
66. Cezar, Osmanlı Maliyesinde Bunalım 110
67. Genç, art. Esham, İA2 11.376ff
68. Cezar, Osmanlı Maliyesinde Bunalım 89–92; cf. Sarıcaoğlu, Kendi Kaleminden Bir Padişahın Portresi 167–9, 211–14
69. Eldem, French Trade 188–9
70. Cezar, Osmanlı Maliyesinde Bunalım 137–8; cf. Sarıcaoğlu, Kendi Kaleminden Bir Padişahın Portresi 167–9, 211–14
71. Cezar, Osmanlı Maliyesinde Bunalım 137–8; cf. Sarıcaoglu, Kendi Kaleminden Bir Padisahın Portresi 167–9
72. Aksan, ‘Ottoman Political Writing’ 63
73. Aksan, ‘Breaking the Spell’ 253ff
74. Aksan, ‘Whatever happened to the Janissaries’ 28–9
75. Aksan, An Ottoman Statesman 189–90
76. Aksan, ‘Whatever happened to the Janissaries’ 35–6
77. Aksan, ‘Whatever happened to the Janissaries’ 33
78. Özcan, art. Esame, İA2 11.356
79. Sarıcaoğlu, Kendi Kaleminden Bir Padişlahın Portresi 191, 234–42
80. Karal, ‘Nizâm-i Cedid’e dair lâyihalar’ 237
81. Karal, ‘Nizâm-i Cedid’e dair lâyihalar’ 418
82. Sarıcaoğlu, Kendi Kaleminden Bir Padişahın Portresi 180–83
83. Aksan, Ottoman Warfare ch. 4
84. Panzac, ‘The Manning of the Ottoman Navy’ 50–53
85. Gawrych, ‘Şeyh Galib and Selim III’ 102, 105–9
86. Holbrook, The Unreadable Shores of Love 107–10
87. Beydilli, Türk Bilim ve Matbaacılık 223
88. Kissling, Rechtsproblematiken 10
89. Gönen, ‘The Integration of the Ottoman Empire’ 16
90. Gönen, ‘The Integration of the Ottoman Empire’ 121–3
91. Gönen, ‘The Integration of the Ottoman Empire’ 67, 69
92. Gönen, ‘The Integration of the Ottoman Empire’ 63–75, 120
93. Khadduri, War and Peace 251–2
94. Gönen, ‘The Integration of the Ottoman Empire’ 79
95. Gönen, ‘The Integration of the Ottoman Empire’ 145
96. Unat, Osmanlı Sefirleri; Naff, ‘Reform and the Conduct of Diplomacy’ 303–4
97. Gönen, ‘The Integration of the Ottoman Empire’ 86
98. Gönen, ‘The Integration of the Ottoman Empire’ 88–9
99. Renda, ‘Searching for New Media’ 451ff; Karal, Selim III’ün Hatt-i Hümayunları 92–3
100. Cezar, Osmanlı Maliyesinde Bunalım 155ff
101. Salzmann, ‘Measures of Empire’ 408–9
102. Mert, art. Çapanoğulları, İA2 8.221–2
103. Goodwin, A History of Ottoman Architecture 400–402
104. Mert, art. Canikli Hacı Ali Paşa Ailesi, İA2 7.151–3
105. Orhonlu, art. Karā ‘Othmān-oghlı, EI2 IV 592–3; Nagata, art. Karaosmanoğulları, İA2 24.468–9
106. Kuyulu, Kara Osman-oğlu Ailesine Ait Mimari Eserler
107. Salzmann, ‘Measures of Empire’ 212, 428, 434ff, 453, 461
108. Zens, ‘Pasvanoğlu Osman Paşa’ 89–99
109. Özkaya, Osmanlı İmparatorluğunda Dağlı İsyanları
110. Derin, ‘Yayla İmamı Risalesi’ 217
111. Fleming, The Muslim Bonaparte 82–94
112. Jelavich, History of the Balkans 195
113. Zens, ‘Pasvanoğlu Osman Paşa’ 100–103
114. Rothenburg, The Military Border 102–4
115. Jelavich, History of the Balkans 198–9
116. Rothenburg, The Austrian Military Border 105–7, 118–19
117. Rothenburg, The Military Border 31–2
118. Rothenburg, The Military Border 7, 81–2
119. Rothenburg, The Military Border 103, 105, 106, 107
120. Hughes, Russia in the Age of Peter the Great 48
121. Cazacu, ‘La “mort infâme”’ 259–61
122. Cazacu, ‘La “mort infâme”’ 253ff
123. Yapp, The Making of the Modern Near East 52
124. Perry, ‘The Mamluk Paşalik of Baghdad’ 59, 62–3, 66
125. Perry, ‘The Mamluk Paşalik of Baghdad’ 65, 67, 68
126. Salzmann, ‘Measures of Empire’ 426–7
127. Khoury, State and provincial society 69–72
128. Holt, Egypt and the Fertile Crescent 107–9, 132–3
129. Cohen, Palestine in the 18th Century 7–19
130. Cohen, Palestine in the 18th Century 52
131. Anderson, Naval Wars 291–9
132. Tekindağ, ‘XVIII. yuzyılda Akdeniz’de Rus donanması’ 37ff
133. Cohen, Palestine in the 18th Century 45–53; Crecelius, ‘Egypt in the eighteenth century’ 82
134. Emecen, art. Cezzâr Ahmed Paşa, İA2 7.516
135. Cohen, Palestine in the 18th Century 53–77
136. Emecen, art. Cezzâr Ahmed Paşa, İA2, 7.518
137. Crecelius, ‘Egypt in the eighteenth century’ 73–82
138. Hathaway, The politics of households 118
139. Crecelius, ‘Egypt in the eighteenth century’ 84
140. Shaw, Ottoman Egypt in the Eighteenth Century 11–13
141. Crecelius, ‘Egypt in the eighteenth century’ 84–6
142. Dykstra, ‘The French occupation of Egypt’ 117–21
143. Shaw, Ottoman Egypt in the Eighteenth Century 7
144. Uzunçarşılı, ‘Bonapart’ın Cezzar Ahmed Paşa’ya Mektubu’ 451–4
145. Tekindağ, ‘Yeni kaynak ve vesikarların ışığı’ 1ff
146. Dykstra, ‘The French occupation of Egypt’ 131–2
147. Fahmy, ‘The era of Muhammad ‘Ali Pasha’ 140–44
148. Fahmy, ‘The era of Muhammad ‘Ali Pasha’ 144–6
149. Abir, ‘The “Arab Rebellion” of Amir Ghalib’ 188–9
150. Peskes, art. Wahhābiyya, EI2 XI.42
Chapter Thirteen: From the ‘New Order’ to the ‘Re-ordering’
1. Gökçe, ‘Edirne Âyanı Dağdevirenoğlu Mehmed Ağa’ 97ff
2. Derin, ‘Yayla İmamı Risalesi’ 218
3. Gökçe, ‘Edirne Âyanı Dağdevirenoğlu Mehmed Ağa’ 109
4. Derin, ‘Yayla İmamı Risalesi’ 221–3
5. Derin, ‘Tüfengçi-başı Ârif Efendi Tarihçesi’ 386
6. Beydilli and Şahin, Mahmud Râif Efendi
7. Derin, ‘Tüfengçi-başı Ârif Efendi Tarihçesi’ 386
8. Derin, ‘Yayla İmamı Risalesi’ 223–4
9. Derin, ‘Tüfengçi-başı Ârif Efendi Tarihçesi’ 389–92
10. Gökçe, ‘Edirne Âyanı Dağdevirenoğlu Mehmed Ağa’ 101
11. Derin, ‘Tüfengçi-başı Ârif Efendi Tarihçesi’ 393–5; Derin, ‘Yayla İmamı Risalesi’ 229
12. Derin, ‘Tüfengçi-başı Ârif Efendi Tarihçesi’ 395–9
13. Derin, ‘Tüfengçi-başı Ârif Efendi Tarihçesi’ 399–401
14. Derin, ‘Tüfengçi-başı Ârif Efendi Tarihçesi’ 402–3
15. Derin, ‘Tüfengçi-başı Ârif Efendi Tarihçesi’ 404–5
16. Derin, ‘Tüfengçi-başı Ârif Efendi Tarihçesi’ 406, 408–15
17. Arıkan, III. Selim’in Sirkâtibi Ahmed Efendi
18. Derin, ‘Tüfengçi-başı Ârif Efendi Tarihçesi’ 388, 438
19. Derin, ‘Tüfengçi-başı Ârif Efendi Tarihçesi’ 415–18, 423ff
20. Derin, ‘Tüfengçi-başı Ârif Efendi Tarihçesi’ 443
21. Uzunçarşılı, Meşhur Rumeli Âyanlarından 92–4
22. Shaw, Between Old and New 347–8
23. Uzunçarşılı, Meşhur Rumeli Âyanlarından 57–8
24. Uzunçarşılı, Meşhur Rumeli Âyanlarından 95–7, 101–2
25. Uzunçarşılı, Meşhur Rumeli Âyanlarından 104–7
26. Uzunçarşılı, Meşhur Rumeli Âyanlarından 107–11
27. Uzunçarşılı, Meşhur Rumeli Âyanlarından 112–16, 221–3
28. Uzunçarşılı, Meşhur Rumeli Âyanlarından 113–14, 116–17, 118–19
29. Derin, ‘Yayla İmamı Risalesi’ 242–7
30. Uzunçarşılı, Meşhur Rumeli Âyanlarından 92–4
31. İnalcık, ‘Sened-i İttifak’ 604–6; Lewis, art. Dustūr, EI2 II.640–41
32. İnalcık, ‘Sened-i İttifak’ 604–6; Lewis, art. Dustūr, EI2 II.640–41
33. Ortaylı, İmparatorluğun En Uzun Yüzyılı 29–30
34. Uzunçarşılı, Meşhur Rumeli Âyanlarından 143–4
35. Derin, ‘Yayla İmamı Risalesi’ 252–60
36. Sakaoğlu, art. Alemdar Olayı, İst. Ansik. 1.186
37. Derin, ‘Yayla İmamı Risalesi’ 260–63, 266
38. Aksan, ‘Ottoman Political Writing’ 60
39. Aksan, ‘Ottoman Political Writing’ 53ff
40. Yapp, The Making of the Modern Near East 55
41. LeDonne, The Russian Empire 114–15
42. Kazgan, ‘2. Sultan Mahmut Devrinde Enflasyon’ 122–3
43. Gökçe, ‘1787–1806 yılları arasında Kafkasya’da’ 57ff
44. Kolodziejczyk, Ottoman–Polish Diplomatic Relations 168
45. Anderson, The Eastern Question 46
46. Reed, ‘The Destruction of the Janissaries’ 40–45
47. Levy, ‘Ottoman Attitudes’ 333–4
48. Fahmy, ‘The era of Muhammad ‘Ali Pasha’ 146–9
49. Cezar, Osmanlı Maliyesinde Bunalım 242–3
50. Mert, XVIII. ve XIX. Yüzyıllarda Çapanoğulları 66–8
51. Reed, ‘The Destruction of the Janissaries’ 20–24
52. Cezar, Osmanlı Maliyesinde Bunalım 242–3
53. Fahmy, ‘The era of Muhammad ‘Ali Pasha’ 145
54. Ibrahim, ‘The Egyptian empire’ 200–202
55. Fleming, The Muslim Bonaparte 36–56
56. Levy, ‘Ottoman Attitudes’ 336–9
57. Levy, ‘Ottoman Attitudes’ 338, 339
58. Cazacu, ‘La “mort infâme”’ 281–2
59. Clogg, A Short History 54
60. Levy, ‘Ottoman Attitudes’ 338
61. Anderson, The Eastern Question 52–3
62. Cazacu, ‘La “mort infâme”’ 282–5
63. Levy, ‘Ottoman Attitudes’ 337
64. Bowen, art. ‘Alī Pasha Tepedelenli, EI2 I.399
65. Cazacu, ‘La “mort infâme”’ 286–8
66. Reed, ‘The Destruction of the Janissaries’ 48, 53–61
67. Fisher, The Russian Annexation 90–91
68. Clogg, A Concise History 23–32
69. Anderson, The Eastern Question 54–5
70. Clogg, A Concise History 29
71. Anderson, The Eastern Question 60–61
72. Kutluoğlu, The Egyptian Question 44–5
73. Reed, ‘The Destruction of the Janissaries’ 122, 153, 155–8
74. Reed, ‘The Destruction of the Janissaries’ ch. II, 109–11
75. Zilfi, ‘A Medrese for the Palace’ 188
76. Levy, ‘The Ottoman Ulema’ 13–14
77. Heyd, ‘The Ottoman ‘Ulemā’ 93
78. Reed, ‘The Destruction of the Janissaries’ 150; Levy, ‘The Ottoman Ulema’ 18–19
79. Aksan, ‘Breaking the Spell’ 277
80. Hagen, ‘The Prophet Muhammad’ 151–2
81. Ahmed Lûtf î Efendi, Vak’anüvîs Ahmed Lûtfî Efendi Tarihi 1.94
82. Fahmy, ‘The era of Muhammad ‘Ali Pasha’ 154
83. Özcan, art. Eşkinci, İA2 11.470
84. Reed, ‘The Destruction of the Janissaries’ 169–76, 186
85. Reed, ‘The Destruction of the Janissaries’ 189–92
86. Şirvânlı Fatih Efendi, Gülzâr-i Fütûhât 10
87. Ahmed Lûtf î Efendi, Vak’anüvîs Ahmed Lûtfî Efendi Tarihi 1.101
88. Reed, ‘The Destruction of the Janissaries’ 196
89. Reed, ‘The Destruction of the Janissaries’ 199
90. Reed, ‘The Destruction of the Janissaries’ 202–8, 210ff
91. Reed, ‘The Destruction of the Janissaries’ 236–7
92. Şirvânlı Fatih Efendi, Gülzâr-i Fütûhât 13
93. Reed, ‘The Destruction of the Janissaries’ 249, 254ff, 279, 282
94. Ahmed Lûtf î Efendï, Vak’anüvîs Ahmed Lûtfî Efendi Tarihi 1.140–41
95. Erdem, ‘Recruitment’ 194
96. Levy, ‘The Officer Corps’ 22
97. Macfarlane, Constantinople in 1828 1.504
98. Barnes, An Introduction to Religious Foundations 87–8, 90–91
99. Ahmed Lûtfî Efendi, Vak’anüvîs Ahmed Lûtfî Efendi Tarihi 1.125
100. Reed, ‘The Destruction of the Janissaries’ 96, 238
101. Zarcone, Mystiques, Philosophes et Francs-Maçons 90, 92–3, 96–7
102. Levy, ‘Millet Politics’ 427–8
103. Shaw, The Jews of the Ottoman Empire 148–9
104. Eldem, ‘Istanbul: from imperial’ 164–74
105. Reed, ‘The Destruction of the Janissaries’ 330, 335–41
106. LeDonne, The Russian Empire 121–3
107. Yapp, The Making of the Modern Near East 70
108. Levy, ‘The Ottoman Ulema’ 30
109. Kaynar, Mustafa Reşit Paşa ve Tanzimat 191
110. Aydın, ‘Sultan II. Mahmud Döneminde’ 81ff
111. Özcan, ‘II. Mahmud Memleket Gezileri’ 361ff
112. Findley, Bureaucratic Reform 140–47
113. Findley, Ottoman Civil Officialdom 70–80; Findley, Bureaucratic Reform 145
114. Refik, Onüçüncü Asr-i Hicrî’de İstanbul Hayatı 11
115. Uzunçarşılı, ‘Asâkir-i Mansure-ye fes giydirilmesi’ 224ff
116. Quataert, ‘Clothing Laws, State’ 412–21
117. Heyd, ‘The Ottoman ‘Ulemā’ 70
118. Spatar, art. Muzika-i Hümayun, İst. Ansik. 6.11–12
119. Heyd, ‘The Ottoman ‘Ulemā’ 70
120. Ahmed Lûtf î Efendi, Vak’anüvîs Ahmed Lûtfî Efendi Tarihi 5.882; Kreiser, ‘Public Monuments’ 104–5, 115
121. Fahmy, ‘The era of Muhammad ‘Ali Pasha’ 159–65
122. Fahmy, ‘The era of Muhammad ‘Ali Pasha’ 165–6
123. Kutluoğlu, The Egyptian Question 55–6, 61ff
124. Kutluoğlu, The Egyptian Question 189–90
125. Fahmy, ‘The era of Muhammad ‘Ali Pasha’ 167
126. Kutluoğlu, The Egyptian Question 93–4
127. Kutluoğlu, The Egyptian Question 101–7
128. Fahmy, ‘The era of Muhammad ‘Ali Pasha’ 168, 170–72
129. Kutluoğlu, The Egyptian Question 125ff
130. Kutluoğlu, The Egyptian Question 146ff
131. Hurewitz, Diplomacy in the Near and Middle East 1.110–11 (Engl. translation of Convention)
132. Kutluoğlu, The Egyptian Question 161ff
133. Akarlı, ‘The Problems of External Pressures’ 13
Chapter Fourteen: A crisis of identity
1. İnalcık, ‘Application of the Tanzimat’ 97–8
2. Kaynar, Mustafa Reşit Paşa ve Tanzimat 178
3. Hurewitz, Diplomacy in the Near and Middle East 1.113–16 (Engl. translation of the Gülhane Edict); İnalcık, ‘Sened-i İttifak’ 611–14; Kaynar, Mustafa Reşit Paşa ve Tanzimat 174–85
4. Zürcher, art. Reshīd Pasha, Mustafa, EI2 VIII.484–5
5. Atasoy, art. Hırka-i Saâdet, İA2 17.377; Tanman, art. Hırka-i Şerif Camii, İA2 17.378
6. Abu-Manneh, ‘The Islamic Roots’ 182–8, 189, 194; Algar, art. Nakshbandiyya, EI2 VII.937
7. Quataert, ‘The Age of Reforms’ 854–5
8. İnalcık, ‘Application of the Tanzimat’ 98ff
9. Imber, Ebu’s-su‘ud 31–2
10. İnalcık, ‘Application of the Tanzimat’ 105
11. İnalcık, ‘Application of the Tanzimat’ 116
12. Shaw, ‘The Nineteenth-Century’ 421–4
13. İnalcık, ‘Application of the Tanzimat’ 106
14. Levy, ‘Millet Politics’ 425ff
15. Pinson, ‘Ottoman Bulgaria’ 109
16. İnalcık, ‘Application of the Tanzimat’ 115–24; Pinson, ‘Ottoman Bulgaria’ 105–13
17. Zürcher, art. Reshīd Pasha, Mustafa, EI2 VIII.485
18. İnalcık, ‘Application of the Tanzimat’ 113–14
19. Pamuk, A Monetary History 193–6, 198
20. Davison, ‘The First Ottoman Experiment’ 60ff
21. Pamuk, A Monetary History 207–8
22. Zürcher, art. Reshīd Pasha, Mustafa, EI2 VIII.485
23. İnalcık, ‘Application of the Tanzimat’ 105, 124–7; Pinson, ‘Ottoman Bulgaria’ 113ff
24. Pinson, ‘Ottoman Bulgaria’ 119–21, 132, 145
25. Gülsoy, Osmanlı Gayrimüslimlerinin Askerlik Serüveni 39–42, 46–55
26. Önsoy, ‘Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun Katıldığı’ 195–9
27. Quataert, ‘The Age of Reforms’ 826
28. LeDonne, The Russian Empire 125–6
29. Peri, Christianity under Islam 202
30. Mango, Materials for the Study 10–11
31. Necipoğlu, ‘The Life of an Imperial Monument’ 220–21
32. Mango, Materials for the Study 8, 12, 135–6
33. Necipoğlu, ‘The Life of an Imperial Monument’ 224–5
34. LeDonne, The Russian Empire 126–7
35. LeDonne, The Russian Empire 126–7
36. Hurewitz, Diplomacy in the Near and Middle East 1.153–6 (Engl. text of Treaty of Paris)
37. Fuller, Strategy and Power 265–8
38. Hurewitz, Diplomacy in the Near and Middle East 1.149–53 (Engl. translation of Reform Edict)
39. Gülsoy, ‘1856 Islâhât Fermanı’na Tepkiler’ 446–7
40. (Ahmed) Cevdet Paşa, Tezakir 1.68
41. Bozkurt, Alman-İngiliz Belgelerinin 71–83; Gülsoy, ‘1856 Islâhât Fermanı’na Tepkiler’ 448–58
42. Zarcone, Mystiques, Philosophes et Francs-Maçons 94
43. Davison, Reform in the Ottoman Empire 100–102
44. Hurewitz, Diplomacy in the Near and Middle East 1.151
45. Hosking, Russia: People and Empire 236–8
46. Deringil, ‘“There is no Compulsion in Religion”’ 114–19
47. Refik, Onikinci Asr-i Hicrî’de İstanbul Hayatı 21–2, 32–3, 35, 160–63
48. Salt, Imperialism, Evangelism 32–3
49. Salt, Imperialism, Evangelism 34–5
50. Deringil, ‘“There is no Compulsion in Religion”’ 119–30
51. Gülsoy, Osmanlı Gayrimüslimlerinin Askerlik Serüveni 55ff
52. Findley, Bureaucratic Reform 132–5
53. Mardin, Religion and Social Change 113
54. Davison, art. Tanzīmāt, EI2 X.205
55. Akarlı, ‘The Problems of External Pressures’ 16
56. Davison, art. Midhat Pasha, EI2 VI.1032
57. Todorova, ‘Midhat Paşa’s Governorship’ 116, 120
58. Todorova, ‘Midhat Paşa’s Governorship’ 119–26
59. Davison, art. Midhat Pasha, EI2 VI.1032–3
60. Akarlı, ‘The Problems of External Pressures’ 15
61. Akarlı, The Long Peace 22–33
62. Dumont, ‘La pacification du Sud-Est anatolien’ 108ff; Gould, ‘Lords or Bandits?’ 485ff
63. Erdem, Slavery in the Ottoman Empire 94–107
64. (Ahmed) Cevdet Paşa, Tezakir 1.111–12
65. Toledano, The Ottoman Slave Trade 129–35
66. Erdem, Slavery in the Ottoman Empire 107–13; Toledano, The Ottoman Slave Trade 135
67. Toledano, Slavery and Abolition 81ff
68. Masters, ‘The Sultan’s Entrepreneurs’ 586; Masters, The Origins of Western Economic Dominance 94, 96–7
69. Naff, ‘Ottoman Diplomatic Relations’ 103
70. Quataert, ‘The Age of Reforms’ 838
71. Masters, ‘The Sultan’s Entrepreneurs’ 579, 594
72. Eldem, ‘Istanbul: from imperial’ 194
73. Akarlı, ‘The Problems of External Pressures’ 20
74. Issawi, ‘Introduction’ 8
75. Küçük, art. Abdülaziz, İA2 1.180
76. Hunter, ‘Egypt under the successors’ 193
77. Şehsuvaroğlu, ‘Sultan Abdülaziz’in Avrupa Seyahatı’ 41–51
78. Vatikiotis, art. Isma‘il Pasha, EI2 IV.192
79. Çelik, Displaying the Orient 32–6
80. Yapp, The Making of the Modern Near East 175
81. Çelik, Displaying the Orient 145–51
82. Vatikiotis, art. Isma‘il Pasha, EI2 IV.192
83. Hunter, ‘Egypt under the successors’ 186–94
84. Davison, Reform in the Ottoman Empire 197–217; Kuran, art. (Mustafā) Fādil Pasha (Misirli), EI2 II.728
85. Ibrahim, ‘The Egyptian empire’ 210–15
86. Kreiser, ‘Public Monuments’ 103ff
87. Eldem, Pride and Privilege 216–22, 230–34
88. Mardin, The Genesis 10ff
89. Akarlı, ‘The Problems of External Pressures’ 21–2
90. Karpat, ‘The Transformation’ 261
91. Mardin, The Genesis 10ff, 115–16
92. Mardin, Religion and Social Change 107
93. Kuran, ‘Répercussions sociales’ 144–6
94. Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains 93
95. Kuran, ‘Répercussions sociales’ 146
96. Kushner, ‘The Place of the Ulema’ 63–6, 69–74
97. Halaçoğlu and Aydın, art. Cevdet Paşa, İA2 7.444, 445, 447
98. Mardin, Religion and Social Change 114–15; Findley, art. Medjelle, EI2 VI.971–2
99. Messick, The Calligraphic State 54
100. Mardin, Religion and Social Change 117–18
101. Mardin, Religion and Social Change 117–18
102. Köprülü, art. Fuad Paşa, Keçecizâde, İA2 13.203
103. Abu-Manneh, ‘The Sultan and the Bureaucracy’ 257ff
104. Küçük, art. Abdülaziz, İA2 1.181
105. Pamuk, A Monetary History 214
106. Yasamee, Ottoman Diplomacy 13–14
107. Davison, art. Midhat Pasha, EI2 VI.1033
108. Davison, Reform in the Ottoman Empire 318ff
109. Devereux, ‘Süleyman Pasha’s “The Feeling”’ 3, 14
110. Devereux, ‘Süleyman Pasha’s “The Feeling”’ 15–16
111. Baykal, İbretnümâ 4
112. Devereux, ‘Süleyman Pasha’s “The Feeling”’ 16ff
113. Devereux, ‘Süleyman Pasha’s “The Feeling”’ 26, 27
114. Devereux, ‘Süleyman Pasha’s “The Feeling”’ 31–2
115. Baykal, İbretnümâ 5–6
116. (Ahmed) Cevdet Paşa, Tezakir 4.156
117. Baykal, İbretnümâ 6–14
118. Baykal, İbretnümâ 19
119. Davison, Reform in the Ottoman Empire 346
120. (Ahmed) Cevdet Paşa, Tezakir 4.160
121. Uzunçarşılı, Midhat ve Rüstü Paşaların Tevkiflerine 54
122. Davison, Reform in the Ottoman Empire 342ff
123. McCarthy, Death and Exile 60
124. McCarthy, Death and Exile 33–6, 59–61, 94–5
125. Fuller, Strategy and Power 271
126. Fuller, Strategy and Power 323–7; LeDonne, The Russian Empire 141–2
127. Noradounghian, Recueil d’actes internationaux 4.206–7; Milgrim, ‘An Overlooked Problem’ 519ff
128. Yasamee, Ottoman Diplomacy 58–9
129. Salt, Imperialism, Evangelism 57–8
130. Ortaylı, ‘Greeks in the Ottoman Administration’ 165
131. Sked, The Decline and Fall 243–4
Chapter Fifteen: The Islamic empire
1. Salt, ‘The Narrative Gap’ 34
2. Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains 2
3. Yasamee, Ottoman Diplomacy 20
4. Yasamee, Ottoman Diplomacy 20
5. Davison, Reform in the Ottoman Empire 338ff; Yasamee, Ottoman Diplomacy 15
6. Davison, art. Midhat Pasha, EI2 VI.1033–4
7. Küçük, art. Çırağan Vak‘ası, İA2 8.306–9
8. Yasamee, Ottoman Diplomacy 61–2
9. Akarlı, ‘The Problems of External Pressures’ 191; Karpat, Ottoman Population 28
10. Yasamee, Ottoman Diplomacy 16, 17
11. Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains 139, 150ff
12. Özcan, art. Hilâfet, İA2 17.548
13. Karateke, Padişahım Çok Yaşa! 52–6; Lewis, ‘The Ottoman Empire’ 292–3
14. Özcan, art. Hilâfet, İA2 17.548
15. (Ahmed) Cevdet Paşa, Tezakir 2.152; cf. Lewis, ‘The Ottoman Empire’ 293
16. Özcan, ‘Sultan II. Abdulhamid’in “Pan-Islâm”’ 123ff
17. Ortaylı, İmparatorluğun En Uzun Yüzyılı 63
18. Aydın, ‘Livadya Sef âretleri’ 321ff; Ortaylı, ‘Reforms of Petrine Russia’ 47
19. Özcan, art. Hilâfet, İA2 17.547
20. Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains 48; Haddad, review of Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains 209
21. Özcan, art. Hilâfet, İA2 17.547
22. Yasamee, Ottoman Diplomacy 27, 87ff
23. Buzpınar, ‘The Hijaz, Abdulhamid II’ 99ff esp. 106, 114
24. Ochsenwald, Religion, Society 188–9
25. Kayalı, Arabs and Young Turks 32
26. Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains 57–60
27. Abu-Manneh, ‘Sultan Abdulhamid II’ 138–42
28. Abu-Manneh, ‘Sultan Abdulhamid II’ 143–8
29. Hanioğlu, The Young Turks 74–5, 63, 64, 84–6, 106–7, 130–31
30. Deringil, ‘Legitimacy Structures’ 347–9
31. Haddad, review of Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains 209
32. Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains 77
33. Hanioğlu, Preparation for a Revolution 115
34. Özcan, art. Hilâfet, İA2 17.548
35. Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains 148
36. Deringil, ‘Les Ottomans et le partage’ 43ff; Karpat, The Politicization of Islam 258ff
37. (Ahmed) Cevdet Paşa, Tezakir 4.195
38. Deringil, ‘Legitimacy Structures’ 352–3
39. Broomhall, Islam in China 291–3; Sırma, ‘II. Abdülhamid’in Çin müslümanlarını’ 559ff
40. Deringil, ‘Legitimacy Structures’ 350, 358
41. Akarlı, ‘The Problems of External Pressures’ 182, 202–3
42. Akarlı, ‘The Problems of External Pressures’ 96, 104–36
43. Akarlı, ‘The Problems of External Pressures’ 77
44. Davison, art. Midhat Pasha, EI2 VI.1034
45. (Ahmed) Cevdet Paşa, Tezakir 4.156–7
46. Baykal, İbretnümâ
47. Uzunçarşılı, Midhat Paşa ve Yıldız Mahkemesi 307–8, 321–9
48. Baykal, İbretnümâ 63–7
49. Uzunçarşılı, Midhat Paşa ve Tâif Mahkûmları 22–4, 56ff
50. Baykal, İbretnümâ viii–ix
51. Buzpınar, ‘The Hijaz, Abdulhamid II’ 105–6
52. Gawrych, ‘Ottoman Administration’ 3
53. Gawrych, ‘Ottoman Administration’ 24ff; Yasamee, Ottoman Diplomacy 63–4, 76–8
54. Salt, Imperialism, Evangelism 61–4
55. Duguid, ‘The Politics of Unity’ 144–8
56. Salt, Imperialism, Evangelism 72–93
57. Salt, Imperialism, Evangelism 93–110
58. Fatma Müge Göçek, personal communication
59. Yasamee, Ottoman Diplomacy 73–5
60. Clogg, A Short History 93–4
61. Hanioğlu, The Young Turks 71–7
62. Hanioğlu, The Young Turks 78ff
63. Hanioğlu, The Young Turks 126–36, 142–6
64. Hanioğlu, The Young Turks 173ff
65. Hanioğlu, Preparation for a Revolution 8ff, 39–46
66. Hanioğlu, Preparation for a Revolution 130–36
67. Hanioğlu, Preparation for a Revolution 136ff, 294
68. Hanioğlu, Preparation for a Revolution 106ff, 121, 123
69. Kansu, The Revolution of 1908 36, 38; Akarlı, ‘The Problems of External Pressures’ 155–73
70. Kansu, The Revolution of 1908 36, 38; Akarlı, ‘The Problems of External Pressures’ 155–73
71. Kansu, The Revolution of 1908 41–2; Hanioğlu, Preparation for a Revolution 104–9
72. Hanioğlu, Preparation for a Revolution 109–14; Kansu, The Revolution of 1908 44–9
73. Hanioğlu, Preparation for a Revolution 91–5, 114–20
74. Hanioğlu, Preparation for a Revolution 120
75. Hanioğlu, Preparation for a Revolution 191ff
76. Zürcher, The Unionist Factor 37–41; Hanioğlu, Preparation for a Revolution 215–16
77. Hanioğlu, Preparation for a Revolution 217
78. Jelavich, The Establishment 207–13
79. Hanioğlu, Preparation for a Revolution 218
80. Hanioğlu, Preparation for a Revolution 217–32
81. Anderson, The Eastern Question 271–3
82. Kansu, The Revolution of 1908 41–2
83. Hanioğlu, Preparation for a Revolution 232–61, 296
84. Hanioğlu, Preparation for a Revolution 263–4, 266–71
85. Hanioğlu, Preparation for a Revolution 273–5
86. Hanioğlu, Preparation for a Revolution 283
87. Hanioğlu, Preparation for a Revolution 311
88. Kansu, The Revolution of 1908 160–62
89. Kansu, The Revolution of 1908 184–92
90. Kayalı, ‘Elections and the Electoral Process’ 267–73
91. Unat, İkinci Meşrutiyetin İlânı 25–30, 31–3, 35–6, 39–41, 42–3
92. Karakışla, ‘The 1908 Strike Wave’ 154–6, 168, 173–5
93. Quataert, ‘Ottoman Workers’ 37
94. Hanioğlu, Preparation for a Revolution 121
95. Unat, İkinci Meşrutiyetin İlânı 19, 44
96. Farhi, ‘The Şeriat as a Political Slogan’ 275
97. Zürcher, ‘Ottoman Labour Battalions’
98. Farhi, ‘The Şeriat as a Political Slogan’ 276
99. Kansu, Politics in Post-Revolutionary Turkey 69, 77ff
100. Unat, İkinci Meşrutiyetin İlânı 68–75, 78, 80–87, 97–100, 145–6, 148–54
101. Farhi, ‘The Şeriat as a Political Slogan’ 291–4
102. Unat, İkinci Meşrutiyetin İlânı 82
103. Mango, Atatürk 89; Kansu, Politics in Post-Revolutionary Turkey 137–47
104. Kansu, Politics in Post-Revolutionary Turkey 118–25
105. Ahmad, The Young Turks 58–9
106. Hale, Turkish Politics and the Military 41; William Hale, personal communication
107. Ahmad, The Young Turks 48–9, 54
108. Ahmad, The Young Turks 61–3
109. Zürcher, ‘The Ottoman Conscription System’ 89–90
110. Ahmad, The Young Turks 73
111. Ahmad, The Young Turks 55, 82–3
112. Kayalı, ‘Elections and the Electoral Process’ 272–7
113. Kansu, Politics in Post-Revolutionary Turkey 398–408
114. Kayalı, ‘Elections and the Electoral Process’ 277–8
115. Gawrych, ‘Ottoman Administration’ 103–4, 287ff
116. Zürcher, ‘Kosovo Revisited’ 26ff, 36
117. Kayalı, Arabs and Young Turks 84; cf. Kansu, The Revolution of 1908 238, 239
118. Kayalı, Arabs and Young Turks 91–4, 96–100
119. Özcan, ‘Sultan II. Abdulhamid’in “Pan-Islam”’ 128, 139
120. Kayalı, Arabs and Young Turks 108–11, 124–5
121. Anderson, ‘Nineteenth-century Reform’ 338–9, 341–3
122. Mango,Atatürk 101
123. Haley, ‘The Desperate Ottoman’ 1–15
124. Anderson, The Eastern Question 290–91
125. Dumont and Georgeon, ‘La mort d’un empire’ 604–7
126. Anderson, The Eastern Question 293–6
127. Dumont and Georgeon, ‘La mort d’un empire’ 608
128. Mango, Atatürk 117–20
129. Mango, Atatürk 120–22
130. Kayalı, Arabs and Young Turks 130–34
131. Kayalı, Arabs and Young Turks 135–7, 139
132. Kayalı, Arabs and Young Turks 176
Chapter Sixteen: The storm before the calm
1. Kayalı, ‘Elections and the Electoral Process’ 279, 280
2. Tanilli, ‘Le tournant de 1913’ 348–51
3. Hale, Turkish Politics and the Military 49
4. Mango, Atatürk 133–4
5. Ahmad, ‘The Late Ottoman Empire’ 15
6. Haley, ‘The Desperate Ottoman’ 24–45
7. Yasamee, Ottoman Diplomacy 73ff; Trumpener, ‘Germany and the End’ 111ff
8. Mango, Atatürk 134–5
9. Mango, Atatürk 134
10. Tanilli, ‘Le tournant de 1913’ 352
11. Ahmad, ‘The Late Ottoman Empire’ 17
12. Mango, Atatürk 135, 136
13. Peters, Islam and Colonialism 90–94
14. Zürcher, ‘Between Death and Desertion’ 250–53
15. Zürcher, ‘The Ottoman Empire and the Armistice of Moudros’
16. Zürcher, ‘Between Death and Desertion’ 242–4
17. Zürcher, ‘Between Death and Desertion’ 239–46; Zürcher, ‘The Ottoman Empire and the Armistice of Moudros’
18. Kayalı, Arabs and Young Turks 126, 192–6, 198–200
19. Kayalı, Arabs and Young Turks 124–5, 128, 196–9
20. Yapp, The Making of the Modern Near East 275
21. Yapp, The Making of the Modern Near East 266ff
22. Hanioğlu, ‘Jews in the Young Turk Movement’ 519ff
23. Olson, ‘The Young Turks and the Jews’ 233
24. Benbassa, ‘Associational Strategies’ 463–4
25. Ortaylı, ‘Ottomanism and Zionism’ 532–4
26. Zürcher, ‘Ottoman Labour Battalions’
27. Sonyel, The Ottoman Armenians 291–300
28. Süslü, Armenians and the 1915 Event 100–106 (Engl. text)
29. Süslü, Armenians and the 1915 Event 106–10
30. Dadrian, ‘The Documentation’ 565
31. Mango, ‘A Speaking Turkey’ 161
32. Salt, ‘The Narrative Gap’ 19ff
33. Keyder, ‘Manufacturing in the Ottoman Empire’ 128–30, 133–7
34. Hurewitz, Diplomacy in the Near and Middle East 2.37
35. Mango, Atatürk 190
36. Criss, Istanbul under Allied Occupation 60ff
37. Zürcher, ‘The Ottoman Empire and the Armistice of Moudros’
38. Criss, Istanbul under Allied Occupation 60ff
39. Goldstein, ‘Holy Wisdom and British Foreign Policy’ 36ff
40. Dadrian, ‘The Documentation’ 552, 554, 556–60, 561–2, 571 n.33
41. Andrew Mango, personal communication
42. Mango, Atatürk 217
43. Zürcher, ‘The Ottoman Empire and the Armistice of Moudros’
44. Goldstein, ‘Holy Wisdom and British Foreign Policy’ 60–61
45. Mango, Atatürk 198–201, 207–9, 211
46. Mango, Atatürk 212–21
47. Zürcher, Political Opposition 14–15; Criss, Istanbul under Allied Occupation 98ff
48. Mango, Atatürk 195, 221, 225, 227, 228
49. Mango, Atatürk 221, 230
50. Mango, Atatürk 238–41, 244–9
51. Zürcher, Turkey 143, 144, 157–8
52. Mango, Atatürk 264, 269
53. Mango, Atatürk 269–73
54. Mango, Atatürk 276–7
55. Mango, Atatürk 275, 279, 282
56. Mango, Atatürk 287–97, 558
57. Mango, Atatürk 310–21
58. Andrew Mango, personal communication
59. Zürcher, ‘From empire to republic’
60. Mango, Atatürk 344
61. Dadrian, ‘The Naim-Andonian Documents’ 336–8
62. Mango, Atatürk 406
63. Zürcher, Political Opposition 32ff
64. Zürcher, Political Opposition 32–8, esp. 36
65. Özcan, art. Hilâfet, IA2 17.551–2
66. Zürcher, ‘From empire to republic’
67. McCarthy, ‘Foundations of the Turkish Republic’ 142
68. Matthews, ‘The Ottoman Inheritance Inventory’ 100–101
69. Mango, Atatürk 37, 109
70. Mardin, The Genesis 326–8, 331
71. Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains 32
72. Deringil, The Well-Protected Domains 170
73. Hanioğlu, Preparation for a Revolution 295–9
74. Eissenstadt, ‘Turkic Immigrants/Turkish Nationalism’ 25ff
75. Georgeon, ‘Les Foyers Turcs’ 197–202
76. Mango, ‘Atatürk and the Kurds’ 1ff
77. Tunçay, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde Tek-Parti 134–44, 172–3, 178–9; van Bruinissen, Agha, Shaikh and State 265ff
78. Tunçay, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde Tek-Parti 173
79. Zürcher, Turkey 181
80. Zürcher, Political Opposition
81. Mango, Atatürk 433–8
82. Zürcher, Political Opposition 86
83. Zürcher, ‘The Last Phase’ 371–7; Mango, Atatürk 445–53
84. Mustapha Kemal, A Speech Delivered
85. Mustapha Kemal, A Speech Delivered 658–80
86. Mustapha Kemal, A Speech Delivered 686–721
87. Zürcher, ‘From empire to republic’
88. Gür, ‘Atatürk heykelleri’ 147ff
89. Mango, Atatürk 462–3
90. Mustapha Kemal, A Speech Delivered 680–86, 721–3
91. Mustapha Kemal, A Speech Delivered 721
92. Mango, ‘A Speaking Turkey’ 157