First published in 2007 by Osprey Publishing
Midland House, West Way, Botley Oxford OX2 0PH, UK
443 Park Avenue South, New York, NY 10016, USA
E-mail: info@ospreypublishing.com
© 2007 Osprey Publishing Limited
All rights reserved. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrical, chemical, mechanical, optical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. Enquiries should be addressed to the Publishers.
Print ISBN 978 1 84603 093 2
PDF e-book ISBN: 978 1 84908 060 6
ePub e-book ISBN: 978 1 78096 986 2
Editorial by Ilios Publishing, Oxford, UK (www.iliospublishing.com)
Cartography by The Map Studio, Romsey, UK
Design by Ken Vail Graphic Design, Cambridge, UK
Typeset in Monotype Gill Sans and ITC Stone Serif
Index by Alison Worthington
Originated by United Graphics, Singapore
Printed in China through Bookbuilders
07 08 09 10 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2
A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
FOR A CATALOGUE OF ALL BOOKS PUBLISHED BY OSPREY MILITARY AND AVIATION PLEASE CONTACT:
Osprey Direct, c/o Random House Distribution Center, 400 Hahn Road,
Westminster, MD 21157
Email: info@ospreydirect.com
Osprey Direct UK, P.O. Box 140, Wellingborough, Northants, NN8 2FA, UK
E-mail: info@ospreydirect.co.uk
© Osprey Publishing. Access to this book is not digitally restricted. In return, we ask you that you use it for personal, non-commercial purposes only. Please don’t upload this pdf to a peer-to-peer site, email it to everyone you know, or resell it. Osprey Publishing reserves all rights to its digital content and no part of these products may be copied, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording or otherwise (except as permitted here), without the written permission of the publisher. Please support our continuing book publishing programme by using this pdf responsibly.
The author wishes to express sincere thanks to Vladimir V. Golubev for creating the black and white illustrations that feature in this book. All the photographs in this book are from the author’s collection. All permissions requests should be addressed to: konst-nosov@mtu-net.ru
Readers may care to note that the original paintings from which the colour plates in this book were prepared are available for private sale. All reproduction copyright whatsoever is retained by the Publishers. All enquiries should be addressed to:
Peter Dennis
Fieldhead
The Park
Mansfield
Nottinghamshire
NG18 2AT
UK
(email: magie.h@ntlworld.com)
The Publishers regret that they can enter into no correspondence upon this matter.
The object of the FSG is to advance the education of the public in the study of all aspects of fortifications and their armaments, especially works constructed to mount or resist artillery. The FSG holds an annual conference in September over a long weekend with visits and evening lectures, an annual tour abroad lasting about eight days, and an annual Members’ Day. The FSG journal FORT is published annually, and its newsletter Casemate is published three times a year. Membership is international. For further details, please contact:
The Secretary, c/o 6 Lanark Place, London W9 1BS, UK
website: www.fsgfort.com