INDEX
Adrover, Miguel
Africa, overdependence on scavenging in
Aftermathers
aggressive scavenging
greedy scrounging
looting
mooching
nuisances
poaching from other scavengers
recycling poaching
scamming
violence and theft
Aghori ascetics
agriculture
Cain as original farmer
gleaning
humans as grazers
ownership of crops
supplantation of hunter-gatherer lifestyle
aluminum recycling
Amateur Archaeologists
Anand, Mulk Raj
animal dietary behaviors
aggressive scavenging
categories of eaters
definitions of “scavenger”
food ownership
food webs
notion of beauty and
parasites versus scavengers
parasitoids
specialized behaviors and capacities
animals
Darwin on
as distinguished from humans
hierarchical scale (scala naturae)
Annie Hall
antiques
archaeological artifacts
Archaeologists
art and aesthetics
craftster movement
found-object art
notion of beauty
obligation to found art
artifacts, historical
assemblage art
Balzac, Honoré de
Bargain Hunters
Bay Area Seed Interchange Library (BASIL)
beachcombers
Beat culture
beauty. See art and aesthetics
behavior, animal versus human
behaviors, dietary
aggressive scavenging
categories of eaters
definitions of “scavenger”
behaviors, dietary (cont.)
food ownership
food webs
notion of beauty and
parasites versus scavengers
parasitoids
specialized behaviors and capacities
biblical allusions to scavenging
Deuteronomy
Genesis
Leviticus
Matthew
Ruth
biomass, recycling of
Bizarre Bazaar (Der Ananian)
Blake, Peter
Bleak House (Dickens)
bone collectors
Booth, William and Catherine
Born Yesterday
“Bottle Imp, The” (Stevenson)
braggarts
brand logos
brand loyalty
Buddha, the
Buddhism’s Four Noble Truths
bums
buraku. See burakumin
burakumin (Japanese caste)
Buxx Card
California Gold Rush
Calvinist work ethic
capitalism
emergence from Protestant work ethic
overproduction and overconsumption
reliance on consumer incuriosity
scavengers as threat to
scavengers’ role in
See also consumer culture; economic theory
Carmina Burana
carnivores
Cash for Your Trash (Zimring)
caste systems
cell phones, finding
chance. See uncertainty
characteristics of scavengers
aesthetic flexibility
ambivalence about waste
bravery
composure
curiosity
deferred consumption
delight in surprise
enjoyment of sorting and organizing
faith in fate
finding as identity
freakiness
improvisation
open-mindedness
patience
persistence
self-sufficiency
spontaneity
tolerance
understanding of need
vigilance
See also identities
charity
biblical gleaning laws
inadvertent
thrift shops
Charmin the Bear (Procter & Gamble)
Chilambe, Teddy
chimpanzees
Clapton, Eric
Clark, Stanley Joseph
Clean Air Council
cleansing rituals
climate, role of scavengers in
clothes
Clothing Swappers
dumping in Third World countries
formality
new as best
used, stigma of
See also style, scavenged
Clovelly Fishermen’s Prayer
Cobain, Kurt
code of ethics. See ethical considerations
communication with previous owner
consumer culture
brand logos
brand loyalty
consumption as defining activity
debt
disdain for bargain hunters
government encouragement of
incuriosity
need versus want
opinion of scavengers
organized shopping environment
reliance on certainty
resource depletion
revulsion for thrift shops
scavengers’ dependence on
technologies for buying
throwaway society
want-get principle
weakness and dependence
consumption cycle. See economic theory; scavenomics
contamination
cleansing rituals
dirt tolerance
food safety
Count of Monte Cristo, The (Dumas)
Coupon Clippers
Cousin Pons (Balzac)
craftster movement
creativity
craftster movement
found-object art
Third World handicraft industries
unleashing of
See also style, scavenged
crisis scavenging
cultural hierarchies. See social hierarchies
curiosity
Dada movement
Dalit (Indian caste)
Dark Ages, scavenging in
Darwin, Charles
Formation of Vegetable Mould Through the Action of Worms, The
natural selection theory
On the Origin of Species
on parasitoids
Davis, R. G.
dead people, possessions of
Defoe, Daniel
Der Ananian, Greg
Desert Industries
desire
in Buddhist doctrine
want-get principle
detritivores
Deuteronomy, Book of
developing nations. See Third World countries
Dharma Bums, The (Kerouac)
Dickens, Charles
diet. See animal dietary behaviors; behaviors, dietary; food scavenging
Diggers
dirt, tolerance for
Discarded to Divine fashion show (San Francisco)
Discount-Outlet Shoppers
DIY (do-it-yourself) movement
DIY Network
Dreamers of the Ghetto (Zangwill)
du Maurier, Daphne
Dubuffet, Jean
Duchamp, Marcel
Dumas, Alexandre (père)
dumps
eco-friendly management techniques
San Francisco Artist in Residence program
in Third World countries
Dumpster Divers
earthworms
economic theory
green economics
“invisible hand”
Protestant work ethic
scavenging as path of least resistance
self-sufficiency as threat
steps in consumption cycle
sustainable pace of production
See also scavenomics
ecosystem
ethical principles
role of scavengers
Egyptian worship of scavenger deities
electronic discards
environmental concerns
benefits of scavenging
eco-friendly landfills
energy expenditure in recycling
ethical scavenging principles
green economics
Estate Salers
ethical considerations
artifacts and protected areas
bragging
Dos and Don’ts
environmental protection
food safety
free-sample foraging
honorable practices
mooching
nuisance scavenging
poaching from other scavengers
reception foraging
returning found items to owners
scamming
self-denial
theft
underpriced yard-sale items
urban gleaning etiquette
exposure therapy
faith, scavenging as act of
Fallen Fruit collective
Fasey, Norm
fashion. See style, scavenged
Filipinas Fair Trade Venture Group
Finders
Flea Marketers
Food Not Bombs (FNB)
food scavenging
in animal kingdom
biblical allusions to
coupon clipping
discount grocery shopping
Dumpster diving
Food Not Bombs
free-sample and reception foraging
modern-day biblically inspired gleaning
mooching
Rural Gleaners
safety and ick factor
Urban Gleaners
food webs
Formation of Vegetable Mould Through the Action of Worms, The (Darwin)
Fortuna (goddess of luck)
found-object art
Fowler, Ann
Fox, Adrian
free acquisitions
aftermathing
clothes swapping
finding
FREE-box foraging
free marketing
free-sample foraging
free stores
freecycling
no-cost gardening
rural gleaning
urban gleaning
yard-sale remains
Free-Sample Foragers
Freegan Fashion Show (New York City)
freegan movement
frontier scavenging in America
Garage Salers
Gardeners, No-Cost
gasification in modern landfills
Gautama Buddha
Genesis, Book of
gleaners
biblical provision for
in Book of Ruth
modern-day biblically inspired
Rural Gleaners
Urban Gleaners
Gleaners and I, The (Varda)
Gold Prospectors Association of America
Gold Rush, California
Goodwill
grazers
Great Depression
Green, Hetty
green movement
eco-friendly landfills
economic role of scavenging
found-object art
green economics
scavenged style
Third World handicraft industries
Grocery Outlet
grunge style
Haiti, clothes-dumping in
Hallelujah’m a Bum
handicrafts
craftster movement
found-object art
Third World handicraft industries
Hansen, Karen Tranberg
Happy Go Lucky
Helms, Edgar J.
Hendrix, Jimi
herbivores
Hindu ascetics
Hippie Shop
hippies
historical artifacts
Hoffman, Abbie
Hoovervilles
How the Other Half Lives (Riis)
Hudson, Jonathan “J.J.”
humans
brain size
as distinguished from other animals
in global ecosystem
as grazers
as hunter-gatherers
inborn scavenging urge
parasitic behavior
hunter-gatherer lifestyle
hyenas
I Love You, Alice B. Toklas
I Was Lord Kitchener’s Valet (IWLKV )
ichneumon wasp
ick factor
dirt
Dumpster foods
overcoming
possessions of dead people
tolerance for
identities
Aftermathers
Archaeologists
Bargain Hunters
Beachcombers
Clothing Swappers
Coupon Clippers
Discount-Outlet Shoppers
Dumpster Divers
Estate Salers
Finders
finding as identity
Flea Marketers
Found-Object Artists
FREE-Box Foragers
Free Marketers
Free-Sample Foragers
Freecyclers
Freegans
Garage Salers
Internet-Free-Stuff Traders
Library Lizards
Metal Detectors
No-Cost Gardeners
Prospectors
purity of lifestyle
Reception Habitués
Recycling Poachers
Rummage Salers
Rural Gleaners
Seed Swappers
shame about
style spectrum
Swap Meeters
Thrift Shoppers
Treasure Hunters
Urban Gleaners
varieties of scavengers
Yard Salers
incineration of trash
India, caste system in
Indonesia, anti-scavenging laws in
industrialization
instant gratification
International Assemblage Artist Exhibition (Berlin)
Internet-Free-Stuff Traders
“invisible hand” (economic metaphor)
iron recycling
Italian ragpickers
Jagger, Mick
Jamaica Inn (du Maurier)
Japan
burakumin
Edo-era recycling culture
overproduction and overconsumption
Jewish gleaning laws
Jews, limited opportunities for
Jezer, Marty
jobs. See professional scavengers
Johansen, David
Jonis, Izhak Ze’ev
Joplin, Janis
Junior League thrift stores
junk dealers
Kerouac, Jack
Kramer, Leah
Krassner, Paul
“ladder of creation”
landfills
eco-friendly management techniques
San Francisco Artist in Residence program
Third World dumps
Lao Tzu
legal concerns
archaeological artifacts
biblical gleaning laws
Indonesian anti-scavenging laws
Polish ban on importing secondhand clothes
See also theft
Leviticus, Book of
Library Lizards
lions
Logan, Casey
logos (brands) as identity
Lohan, Lindsay
London high fashion
looting
luck. See uncertainty
Lydon, John (Johnny Rotten)
MacNeil, Doug
mana in inanimate objects
Manet, Édouard
Marshall, James
Matthew, Book of
McClintock, Jessica
McLaren, Malcolm
Meinz, David
Metal Detectors
metal recycling
methane
Method of Factors
microbes
Millet, Jean-François
Mirren, Helen
mitumba (secondhand clothes)
mooching
morals. See ethical considerations
Moss, Kate
motivations for scavenging
MSC Napoli shipwreck
Murakami, Haruki
My Man Godfrey
Nancy’s Magazine
natural resources
need
self-denial
versus want
neighborhood nuisances
New York City Dumpster Diving Meetup Group
New York Dolls
No-Cost Gardeners
Noki House of Sustainability
nuisances
braggarts
greedy scroungers
messy neighbors
moochers
Oakdene Hollins
obsessive scavenging
ocean-borne trash
Old Home Town, The (Jonis)
Old Testament allusions to scavenging
Deuteronomy
Genesis
Leviticus
Ruth
omnivores
On the Origin of Species (Darwin)
On the Road (Kerouac)
Orbach, Robert
organic matter
Ormsby-Gore, Jane
overpopulation
Owens-Illinois
ownership
in nature
returning found items
Oxfam thrift stores
Ozanam, Frédéric
parasites
eating strategies
human parasitic dietary behaviors
moochers
versus scavengers
parasitoids
pepe (secondhand clothes)
Perry, Charles
personalization of products
pioneers, American frontier
plasma arc gasification
poaching
Poland, ban on importing secondhand clothing
poverty
biblical social welfare
Book of Matthew on
Great Depression
See also charity; professional scavengers
predator-scavengers
in animal kingdom
humans as
poaching from other scavengers
recycling poachers
scammers
predators
prejudice
animal scavengers
in Book of Genesis
ethnic underclasses
failure to exploit scavengeables and
Indonesian anti-scavenging laws
prejudice (cont.)
primitive behavior
reciprocal scorn
women’s work
work ethic and
Price, Jan
pride
Procter & Gamble
Professional Archaeologists
professional scavengers
Archaeologists
bone collectors
burakumin
Dalit
developing-nation handicrafters
in Edo-era Japan
flea market sellers
as neighborhood nuisances
proto-recyclers
ragpickers
Recycling Poachers
scavenging as work
scrap dealers
in Third World countries
Untouchables (India)
used-clothing sellers
prospectors
Protestant work ethic
proto-recyclers
public libraries
punk fashion
Ragpicker, The (Manet)
ragpickers and rag-and-bone men
readymades (Duchamp)
Realist, The (magazine)
Reception Habitués
Recover Your Thoughts
Recycled Fashion Show (Phnom Penh)
recycling
of biomass
in Edo-era Japan
energy expenditure in
metals
municipal programs
poachers
proto-recyclers
scavengee role
in scavenomic system
in Third World economy
as valid economic activity
Recycling Poachers
Redman, Colleen
religion
biblical allusions to scavenging
biblically inspired charity
Buddhism
scavenging as
Sufism
Taoism
See also spirituality
Renegade Craft Fair
RePlayGround
resources, natural
retail purchasing. See consumer culture
retail scavengers
Bargain Hunters
Coupon Clippers
Discount-Outlet Shoppers
Estate Salers
Flea Marketers
Thrift Shoppers
Yard Salers
Reynolds (metals company)
Riis, Jacob
Robinson Crusoe (Defoe)
Rotten, Johnny
Rummage Salers
Rural Gleaners
Russell, Wendy
Ruth, Book of
sacrifice
St. Andrew, Society of
St. Vincent de Paul, Society of
Salvation Army
sample foragers
San Francisco sanitation facility Artist in Residence program
San Francisco Mime Troupe
Sarajevo crisis
save-the-Earth style. See green movement
scala naturae
scamming
scavenged style. See style, scavenged
scavengees
scavenger characteristics. See characteristics of scavengers
scavenger identities. See identities
scavengers
as demographic
Earth’s need for
effort expended in scavenging
inborn urge to scavenge
motivations
selectivity
varieties of
zoological definitions of
See also characteristics of scavengers; identities; specific topics
scavengers-by-circumstance
scavengers-without-limits (SWL)
scavenomics
as economics of self-regulating moderation
efficient return of materials to economy
environmental focus
increase in object’s value with age
post-consumption focus
recycling
repurposing
scavengees
unleashing of creativity
Seattle Hooverville settlement
Secondhand (Pepe) (documentary)
secondhand shops. See thrift and secondhand shops
Seed Swappers
self-denial
self-sufficiency
serendipity. See uncertainty
Sex Pistols
SF Recycling and Disposal
Shi Wu
shmita (sabbatical)
shopping. See consumer culture
Sideburns (fanzine)
Sioux, Siouxsie
skill set, development of. See also characteristics of scavengers
Smith, Adam
snobbery
social hierarchies
Egyptian worship of scavenger deities
Indian caste system
Japanese caste system
ragpickers in
in Third World countries
social scavengers
Clothing Swappers
Free-Sample Foragers and Reception Habitués
Freecyclers
Freegans
No-Cost Gardeners and Seed Swappers
Society of St. Vincent de Paul
Society of St. Andrew
soul of objects
specialty scavengers
Archaeologists
Beachcombers
Found-Object Artists
Metal Detectors
Prospectors
Rural Gleaners
Treasure Hunters
spirituality
awe for objects
communication with previous owner
faith in fate
glory of the find
healing power of scavenging
possessions of dead people
prayer for protection and grace
scavenging as calling
scavenging as religion
secret society of scavengers
soul of objects
surprise factor
surrender and sacrifice
thankfulness
See also religion
Sputnik Sweetheart (Murakami)
St. Andrew, Society of
St. Vincent de Paul, Society of
standard consumers. See consumer culture
standards. See ethical considerations
stealing. See theft
steelmaking
Stenfors, Simone (Mrs. Suicide)
Stevenson, Robert Louis
storage problems
Strasser, Susan
strazzaroli (stracciaroli)
style, scavenged
Beat culture
celebrity embrace of
cooked/edited/filtered
craftster movement
in developing nations
fashion shows
fine art
generations of
green movement
hippies
ideology and
London high fashion
newly manufactured replicas
punk fashion
raw/unedited/unfiltered
scouting for first-adopters
spectrum of
vintage
Sufism
Suicide, Mrs.
Sunset (magazine)
Swap Meeters
swapping movement
systematic desensitization therapy
taboos about possessions of dead people
Tag Salers
Tanzi, Carol
Tao Te Ching (Lao Tzu)
Taoism
termites
theft
aggressive scavenging
archaeological artifacts
ethical principles
looting
ownership concept
ownership of found objects
poaching from other scavengers
recycling poaching
scamming
Third World countries
clothes-dumping and scavenged style
dump scourers
industries from salvaged materials
professional scavengers
Thomas, Kim
thrift and secondhand shops
celebrity shoppers
healing power of
London landmarks
mainstream acceptance of
post-World War II influx of casual clothing
reconfigured clothes from
religious charities
scavengees and
standard consumers’ revulsion for
thrift-shop fashion shows
Thrift Shoppers
throwaway culture. See consumer culture
tolerance for dirt
tramps
trash. See waste
Trash to Fashion show (New Zealand)
Treasure Hunters
treasure-hunting clubs
uncertainty
discovery
disorganization
prayer for protection and grace
scavengers’ delight in
scavenging as act of faith
surprise factor
Untouchable (Anand)
Untouchables (India)
urban scavengers
Aftermathers
Dumpster Divers
Finders
FREE-Box Foragers
Free Marketers
Library Lizards
Recycling Poachers
Urban Gleaners
value of scavengeables
failure to exploit
increase in, with age
subjective nature of
Varda, Agnès
Vicious, Sid
vigilance
Vincent de Paul, Saint
vintage clothing
wallets, finding
want-get principle
want versus need
waste
electronics
extent of
freedom to generate
hidden value in
life span of
ocean-borne trash
responsibility for
scavengers’ dependence on
throwaway society
Waste and Want (Strasser)
Weber, Max
women’s work
work. See professional scavengers
work ethic
“wreckers” (beachcombing scavengers)
yard sales
Yin Xiuzhen
Zambia, clothes-dumping in
Zangwill, Israel
Zimring, Carl