This book uses the AP method in romanizing Korean names. For South Koreans, a hyphen is used between the first and middle names with the surname in front, that is, Park Chung-hee. Exceptions are made for those who prefer or preferred their own styles, such as Syngmann Rhee, South Korea’s first president. For North Koreans, there is no hyphen between the first and middle names, that is, Kim Yo Jong, although names of North Korean officials contain hyphens in South Korean or other foreign sources. The transliteration of Korean names and places is based on the South Korean Ministry of Culture’s guidelines issued in 2001, although other styles are used when they appear in original sources.