INDEX

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Acton, Roger, 199

Agincourt, battle of (1415), 49, 84, 164

Ambion Hill, 28–31, 174–76, 182, 184

Anjou, Margaret of, Queen of England, 67–69, 80, 102

Aragon, Ferdinand of, 161–63, 177, 187, 192

Argentine, John, physician, 77

Arthur, Count of Brittany, 43

Arthur, eldest son of Henry VII, 79

Artois, Robert, Count of, 33–34

Atherstone, town of, 166, 175–85, 200

Atterton, village of, 177, 180, 184

Bannockburn, battle of (1314), 198

Barnard Castle, 94

Barking, church of All Hallows, 121

Barnet, battle of (1471), 18, 23, 120, 137

Bath and Wells, Robert Stillington, bishop of, 105, 203

Baugé, battle of (1421), 49, 53, 182

Baynard’s Castle, 70, 100–01, 107

Beaufort, Margaret, mother of Henry VII, 133–35, 138–40, 144, 148, 153, 166, 201

Berkhamsted Castle, 67, 87–91, 97, 153, 157

Blaybourne, rumoured father of Edward IV, 83

Bloody Bank, burial site at, 181

Blore Heath, battle of (1459), 25

Boleyn, Anne, Queen of England, 218

Brandon, William, 199

Buckingham, Henry Stafford, Duke of (d.1483), 139

Bulleyn, William, 18

Burbage, Richard, 28

Burgundy, Charles the Bold, Duke of (formerly Count of Charolais), 17, 30, 83–84, 92–93

Burgundy, Margaret of York, Duchess of, 92–93, 123

Butler, Lady Eleanor, 105

Burton, William, 174

Canterbury, city of, 89

Canterbury, Thomas Bourgchier, Archbishop of, 100–01

Castile, Isabella of, 74–75, 161–63, 177, 187, 192

Caxton, William, 123, 127

Chandée, Philibert de, 155, 192, 201

Charles VII, King of France (1422–61), 55–57, 158

Charles VIII, King of France (1483–99), 144–45, 221

Châteaudun, town of, 157

Cheney, Sir John, 199

Chertsey, 206

Clare, Augustinian Priory of, 47–48, 54–55, 59–64, 70

Clarence, George, Duke of, brother of Richard III (d.1478), 37, 66, 76, 78, 87–97, 99–100, 102, 142, 218

Clarence, Thomas, Duke of, brother of Henry V (d.1421), 49–50, 53

Commynes, Philippe de, 16–18, 21, 27, 83–84, 93, 136, 207

Constantine the Great, 125

Corbet, Sir Richard, 135

Courtrai, battle of (1302), 31–34

Coventry, city of, 177

Cromwell, Thomas, 107–08, 218

Crowland Chronicle, 176, 178, 187, 204, 211, 223

Danse Macabre, 15–16, 40

Dadlington, church of St James, 173, 175, 180–84

Derby Spinney, 184

Desmond, Gerald Fitzgerald, Earl of, 94–95

Dorset, Thomas Grey, Marquis of, 152, 154

Edgecote, battle of (1469), 135

Edward the Confessor crown of, 24, 187

Edward I, King of England (1272–1307), 121

Edward II, King of England (1307–27), 198

Edward IV, King of England (1461–83)

birth, 75–84

christening, 82–83

escape to Calais (1459), 66

coronation (1461), 70

marriage to Elizabeth Woodville, 71–75, 104–05

accusation of illegitimacy, 75–87, 103–04

lack of interest in crusade, 126

temporary imprisonment (1469), 89

treaty with France at Picquigny (1475), 84–85

attempt to secure Henry Tudor (1476), 136

failure to support Margaret, Duchess of Burgundy, 92–93

execution of his brother, Clarence, 93–94

death, 98

failure to execute his will, 100–01

Edward V, elder of the princes in the Tower, 78, 99–101, 216

Evesham, battle of (1265), 51–52

Farnham Castle, 79

Fastolf, Sir John, 161

Fenny Drayton, village of, 177–84

Fitzwarin, John Bourgchier, Lord, 154

Fotheringhay, 54, 58, 70, 86–88, 106, 119

Forestier, Thomas, 208–10

Gaunt, John of, 77

Gisors, town and castle of, 164

Grandson, battle of (1476), 197

Hardyng, John, 125–26

Harlech Castle, 165

Harold, King of England (1066), 158

Harrington family, 167–71

Hastings, battle of (1066), 29

Hastings, William Lord, 103, 110

Hatfield Chase, 81

Henry V, King of England (1413–22), 77, 84, 127, 133, 164, 206

Henry VI, King of England (1422–61, 1470–71), 67–68, 90, 102, 145–47, 158, 206

Henry VII (Henry Tudor), King of England (1485–1509)

ancestry and birth, 133–35

childhood and adolescence, 135–36

relationship with mother, 134–35, 138–39, 153, 201

exile in Brittany (1471–84), 136–38

role in Buckingham’s rebellion (1483), 139

marriage alliance with Elizabeth of York, 140–41, 151–53, 215–17

exile in France (1484–85), 144–55,

invasion of England (1485), 153–55, 165–66

use of French mercenaries, 153–55, 191–93, 196–97, 201–02, 207, 215

stays at Merevale Abbey before battle, 176–79

buries slain of his army at Dadlington, 173, 180–84

cult of St Armel, 212–14

subsequent portrayal of, 14, 30, 35, 132–33, 141, 144, 212, 215–17

Holinshed, Raphael, 174

Holt Castle, 169

Hornby Castle, 168–70

Hutton, William, 28, 174, 181

Jerusalem, holy city of, 118, 121, 125–27

John, King of England (1199–1216), 43

Josselin, castle of, 212

‘King Dick’s Hole’, 175–76

Kurosawa, Akira, 219

Leicester, town of, 156–58, 163, 176–77, 183, 222

Lose-Cote Field, battle of (1470), 23

Louis XI, King of France (1461–83), 83–84

Lucy, Elizabeth, 105, 109

Ludlow, castle of, 66, 69, 86, 99

Lull, Ramon, 127

Mancetter, village of, 177, 180

Mancini, Dominic, 77–78, 87, 93, 96, 105, 109

Matilda of Hackeborn, 131

Merevale Abbey, 176–79, 213–14

Middleham, college of, 94–95

Middleham, Edward of, son of Richard III, 115, 117, 142

Milford Haven, 165, 212

Molinet, Jean, 223

Montereau-sur-Yonne, castle and town of, 158

Montfort, Simon de, 51–52

Montlhéry, battle of (1465), 16–17, 128

Morat, battle of (1476), 30

More, Sir Thomas, 73–74, 109

Morton, John, Bishop of Ely, later Archbishop of Canterbury, 150, 213

Morton, Robert, 156–57

Nancy, battle of (1477), 93

Neville, Cecily, Duchess of York, mother of Richard III

matriarch of the house of York, 66–75

dealings with Margaret of Anjou, 68–69

her likely adultery, 75–83

opposition to the Woodville marriage, 71–75

advancement of George, Duke of Clarence, 76, 87–92

close bond with Richard III, 67, 91–92, 96–97, 124–25, 131, 153

role in Richard’s seizure of the throne, 100–10

her piety, 78, 92, 125, 131, 218

Tudor portrayal of, 37–38, 218–19

Neville, Richard, Earl of Warwick (‘the Kingmaker’), 18, 71, 87, 89–90, 105, 109

Neville’s Cross, battle of (1346), 22

Norfolk, John Howard, Duke of, 190, 202–04

Northumberland, Henry Percy, Earl of, 190, 193, 204–05

Nottingham Castle, 157

Olivier, Sir Laurence, 41

Oxford, John de Vere, Earl of, 150, 154–55, 192

Pembroke Castle, 134

Percy, Sir Robert, 190

Picquigny, treaty of, 84–85, 93

Plantagenet, Edward, son of George, Duke of Clarence, 142–44, 146

Ploermel, 212

Pole, John de la, Earl of Lincoln, 143, 216–17

Pole, Richard de la, 216

Pont-de-l’Arche, war camp at, 191, 221

Pontefract Priory, 53, 70, 118

Pontoise, siege of (1441), 55–58, 61, 79, 131, 158

Poppelau, Nicholas von, 121, 190

Queens’ College, Cambridge, 120

Raglan Castle, 135

Redemore, 173

Rennes, cathedral of, 140

Rhodes, siege of (1480), 121–23

Richard I, King of England (1189–99), 121, 164, 188

Richard II, King of England (1377–99), 206

Richard III, King of England (1483–85)

birth, 38, 88, 106

childhood and adolescence, 66–69, 91

attitude to father, 46–48, 53–55, 60–65, 85, 95–96, 118–20, 125–26, 158, 170–71, 190, 220

relationship with mother, 37–38, 67–69, 91–92, 96–97, 100–11, 125, 131, 153, 157, 218–19

his brother, Clarence, 37, 91–97

books, 62–63, 120, 131, 160, 190

piety, 61, 92, 130–31

seizure of the throne, 90–91, 98–110

his son, Edward of Middleham (d.1484), 115, 142

his Queen, Anne Neville (d.1485), 114

princes in the Tower, 36, 42–43, 110–16, 188

as a soldier, 63–64, 85, 93, 96, 120–21, 137, 159–61, 189–91

interest in crusade, 117–30, 161–62, 189

strategy against Henry Tudor, 142–43, 150–52

use of battle ritual, 23–25, 52, 129–30, 163–64, 185–89, 194–95

death, 41, 46, 199, 205–06

Tudor legend of, 18–44, 215–20

Rivers, Anthony Woodville, Earl, 99, 103, 124

Rouen, 56–57, 61, 79–83

Rous, John, 176–77, 187

Royal Meadow, 175, 181

Rutland, Edmund, Earl of (d. 1460), 66, 82–83, 86

Saint-Malo, 136–37

Salaçar, Juan de, 163, 187

Sandal Castle, 30, 45–46, 48–49

Sandeford, 180, 184

Sandwich, 89

Shakespeare, William, 14–15, 18–21, 26–44, 67, 90, 93, 130, 132, 141, 173, 188, 195, 198, 219–20

Shaw, Ralph, 108

Sher, Antony, 38–39

Shore, Elizabeth, 73–74, 109–10

St Armel, 212–14

St Helena, 125

St John of Jerusalem, Order of, 121

St Thomas à Becket, 130, 187

Spont, Alfred, 221–23

Spurs, battle of the (1513), 215

Stanley, Thomas Lord, 24–25, 139, 166–71, 184

Stanley, Sir William, 25, 166–71, 184, 193, 197–99, 201, 203–04, 216, 223

Stephen, King of England (1135–54), 188

Stilicho, Claudian’s life of, 48, 63–64, 96

Stow, John, 219

Suffolk, Elizabeth, Duchess of, 91

Surrey, Thomas Howard, Earl of, 202–03

Syon, 91–92

Tewkesbury battle of (1471), 30, 120, 135, 145

Titulus Regius, 217, 219

Toro, battle of (1476), 161–62, 189

Tower of London, 111–14, 203, 205

Towton, battle of (1461), 70, 119–20, 165, 180–81

Troy, Guido delle Colonna’s history of, 120, 160

Tudor, Edmund, 133–34

Tudor, Jasper, 135, 142, 155, 166, 212

Tudor, Owen, 216

Valois, Catherine of, Queen of England, 77, 133

Vegetius, 190–91

Vergil, Polydore, 107, 175–76, 179, 223

Verneuil, battle of (1424), 27, 128–29, 161, 164, 186

Vernon, Sir Henry, 157, 162–63

Wakefield, battle of (1460), 30, 42, 45–46, 48–53, 67, 70, 95, 102, 118–20, 168, 190, 199, 205, 219

Warbeck, Perkin, 146, 216

Waterloo, battle of (1815), 27

Waurin, Jean de, 27

Wellington, Duke of, 27

Westminster Abbey, 130, 187, 201, 206, 213

William the Conqueror, King of England (1066–87), 158

Winchester, 79

Windsor, 206

Witherley, village of, 177, 179–80

Woking, 153

Woodville, Elizabeth, Queen of England, 71–75, 86–87, 91, 93–94, 98–99, 104, 108, 151, 218

York, city of, 114–15, 203

York, Elizabeth of, Queen of England, 42, 139–42, 149, 152, 215–17

York, Richard, Duke of, father of Richard III

martial interests, 63–64, 85, 96, 125, 129, 158

Pontoise campaign (1441), 55–57, 61, 79, 82, 158

piety, 61, 92

close relationship with second son, Edmund, 82–83, 86

similarities to his youngest son, Richard, 60–64, 85, 96, 103, 129, 158, 170–71

claim to Castile, 162

flight to Ireland (1459), 66, 96

attempt to seize the throne (1460), 101–02, 149

death at Wakefield, 45–46, 48–52, 102, 118–20, 199, 205, 220

memorials to, at Clare, 47–48, 62–63

reburial at Fotheringhay, 53–55

commemoration at Middleham, 94–95