Index

A

actigraphy

adenotonsillectomy

adolescents

advanced sleep phase syndrome

age effects

alcohol

alcohol dependency

alpha intrusions

Alzheimer's disease

circadian rhythm disorder

ambulatory oximetry see oximetry

amphetamines

analgesics

animal models

narcolepsy

anti-epileptic drugs

antidepressant drugs

antipsychotic drugs

anxiety disorders

apnoea

see also sleep apnoea

arousal disorders see parasomnias

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

B

babies

bed-wetting

benzodiazepines

brain atrophy

breathing

see also obstructive sleep apnoea

bruxism

C

caffeine

cancer

cataplexy

catathrenia

cell stress

central sleep apnoea

children

insomnia

normal sleep

obesity

parasomnias

chloral hydrate

chlormethiazole

choking

circadian rhythm

misalignment

circadian rhythm disorder

Alzheimer's disease

clonazepam

cognitive therapies

anxiety and

complex sleep apnoea

D

daytime sleepiness

see also excessive daytime sleepiness

deep sleep

depression and

parasomnias from

delayed sleep

delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS)

Dennett, William

depression

deprivation of sleep

long-term, human studies

neurophysiological effects

see also insomnia

diagnosis

actigraphy

breathing disorders

ambulatory oximetry

Epworth scale

idiopathic hypersomnolence

narcolepsy

polysomnography see polysomnography

‘red flags’

sleepiness test

wakefulness tests

dopamine blockers

dream enactment

dreams

see also nightmares

drug dependency

drug therapies

anxiety disorders

depression

effect on sleep-wake cycle

epilepsy

insomnia

narcolepsy

Parkinson's disease

psychotic disorders

restless legs syndrome

side-effects

wake-promoting drugs

E

elderly people

electroencephalography (EEG)

enuresis

epilepsy

children

Epworth scale

excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS)

circadian misalignment

drug treatments

aetiology

idiopathic hypersomnolence

narcolepsy

Parkinson's disease

excessive daytime somnolence (EDS)

F

fatal familial insomnia

fear

females, sleep apnoea

fibromyalgia

fragmentary myoclonus

G

gamma-aminobutryic acid (GABA)

geriatric patients

H

haemoglobin saturation

head-banging

headache

morning

nocturnal

human leucocyte antigen (HLA) DQB1*602

hypersomnolence see somnolence

hypertension

hypnic jerks

hypnotic agents

hypoventilation

hypocretin

I

idiopathic hypersomnolence

inadequate sleep

see also insomnia

infants

inflammatory response

insomnia

causes

environmental factors

maladaptive behaviours

rare causes

stress response

in children

chronic

depression and

diagnostic ‘red flags’

drugs for

mechanisms

Parkinson's disease

psychophysiological

secondary

causes

pain syndromes

restless legs syndrome

transient

treatment

International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD)

irregular sleep

J

jet lag

juveniles see children

K

Klein-Levin syndrome

L

leg discomfort

limb movements

Parkinson's disease

see also periodic limb movements; restless legs syndrome

M

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

maintenance of wakefulness test (MWT)

mandibular advancement devices (MAD)

mazindol

melatonin

memory

methylphenidate

mirtazapine

modafinil

Morvan's syndrome

motor neuron disease (MND)

multiple disorders

multiple sleep latency test (MSLT)

multiple system atrophy (MSA)

N

napping

narcolepsy and

narcolepsy

children

diagnosis

secondary

treatment

nasal continuous positive pressure (CPAP)

nasal dilators

neurodegenerative conditions

Alzheimer's disease

multiple system atrophy

Parkinson's disease

neuropathic pain

nightmares

nocturia

non-24 hour sleep phase syndrome

non-invasive ventilation (NIV)

non-REM sleep

alcohol dependency and

parasomnias from

O

obesity

in children

obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA)

Alzheimer's disease

children

clinical adverse consequences

comorbidities

diagnosis

symptoms,

psychotic illnesses and

treatment

oneirology see dreams

opioid dependency

orexin

Oxford Sleep Resistance (OSLER) test

oximetry

obstructive sleep apnoea

P

pain syndromes

palatal surgery

panic disorders

paralysis

parasomnias

bruxism

children

diagnostic ‘red flags’

from non-REM sleep

Parkinson's disease

REM sleep

Parkinson's disease

excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS)

insomnia

parasomnias

periodic limb movements (PLM)

pharmacological therapies see drug therapies

Pierre Robin syndrome

polysomnography

example

interpretative pitfalls

narcolepsy

obstructive sleep apnoea

post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP)

propiospinal myoclonus

prostatism

PSG see polysomnography

psychiatric illness

psychotic disorders

pulse oximetry see oximetry

R

rapid eye movement (REM) sleep

function

REM sleep behaviour disorder

depression and

neurodegenerative disorders

restless legs syndrome (RLS)

drug therapies

S

schizophrenia

sedatives

seizures

see also epilepsy

selegiline

shift working

sleep

definitions

importance

normal requirements

sleep apnoea

central

complex

obstructive see obstructive sleep apnoea

sleep deprivation see deprivation of sleep

sleep hygiene

children

sleep mentation

sleep paralysis

sleep restriction

sleepiness see somnolence

snoring

children

prevalence

sites causing

see also obstructive sleep apnoea

sodium oxybate

somnolence

assessment questionnaire

children

daytime

tests

see also excessive daytime sleepiness; hypnic jerks

steroids

stimulant dependence

stress response

suprachiasmatic nucleus

surgery

T

teenagers

teeth grinding

thalamus

tongue surgery

U

upper airways resistance syndrome (UARS)

V

venlafaxine

W

wake-promoting drugs

wakefulness

Z

z-drugs