Trench: A History of Trench Warfare on the Western Front

First published in Great Britain in 2010 by Osprey Publishing,

PO Box 883, Oxford, OX1 9PL, UK

PO Box 3985, New York, NY 10185-3985, USA

OSPREY PUBLISHING IS PART OF THE OSPREY GROUP

This new paperback edition was first published in 2014.

Artwork in this volume and the map on p.9 previously published in ELITE 74: World War I Trench Warfare (1), ELITE 84: World War I Trench Warfare (2), ELITE 150: World War I Gas Warfare Tactics and Equipment and FORTRESS 24: Fortifications of the Western Front.

All rights reserved. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study, research, criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrical, chemical, mechanical, optical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. Enquiries should be addressed to the Publishers.

Every attempt has been made by the Publisher to secure the appropriate permissions for material reproduced in this book. If there has been any oversight we will be happy to rectify the situation and written submission should be made to the Publishers.

A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Stephen Bull has asserted his right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as the Author of this Work.

ISBN: 978 1 4728 0132 6

e-book ISBN: 978 1 4728 0862 2

PDF ISBN: 978 1 4728 0861 5

Page layout by Myriam Bell Design

Index by Michael Parkin

Cartography on p.9 by The Map Studio

Typeset in Minin Pro and Bodoni

Originated by PDQ Media, Bungay, UK

© Osprey Publishing. Access to this book is not digitally restricted. In return, we ask you that you use it for personal, non-commercial purposes only. Please don’t upload this ebook to a peer-to-peer site, email it to everyone you know, or resell it. Osprey Publishing reserves all rights to its digital content and no part of these products may be copied, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording or otherwise (except as permitted here), without the written permission of the publisher. Please support our continuing book publishing programme by using this e-book responsibly.

Every effort has been made by the Publisher to secure permissions to use the images in this publication. If there has been any oversight we would be happy to rectify the situation and written submission should be made to Osprey Publishing.

Front cover: Men of the 2nd Australian Division in the front line at Croix du Bac, near Armentieres, 18 May 1916. (IWM Q580)

Where possible, all measurements are shown in their imperial form, unless taken from an original source.

IMPERIAL WAR MUSEUM COLLECTIONS

Many of the photos in this book come from the Imperial War Museum’s huge collections which cover all aspects of conflict involving Britain and the Commonwealth since the start of the twentieth century. These rich resources are available online to search, browse and buy at. In addition to Collections Online, you can visit the Visitor Rooms where you can explore over 8 million photographs, thousands of hours of moving images, the largest sound archive of its kind in the world, thousands of diaries and letters written by people in wartime, and a huge reference library.

Imperial War Museum iwm.org.uk

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CONVERSION TABLE
1mm	0.0394 in.
1cm	0.3937 in.
1m	1.0936 yards
1km	0.62 miles
1kg	2.2046lb
1 in.	2.54cm
1ft	0.3048m
1 yard	0.9144m
1 mile	1.6km