Contents

Acknowledgments

Introduction: Animus, and Why It Matters

Part I. Laying Out the Tools

1. Class Legislation and the Prehistory of Animus

2. Department of Agriculture v. Moreno

3. City of Cleburne v. Cleburne Living Center

4. Romer and Lawrence

5. United States v. Windsor

Part II. Building the Structure

6. What’s Wrong with Subjective Dislike?

7. Objectively Objectionable

8. The Doctrinal Uniqueness of Animus

9. The Elusive Search for Animus

10. How Much Animus Is Enough? And What Should We Do about It?

11. Applying What We Have Learned

12. Obergefell and Animus

Conclusion: Animus Doctrine Today and Tomorrow

Notes

About the Author