Values varied somewhat from place to place within the Greek world; what follows is just one system.
16 fingers (breadth) = 4 palms = 1 foot
12 fingers = ½ cubit = 1 span (the distance between the tips of the thumb and the little finger when the hand is fully spread),
1¼ feet = 1 pygon (the distance from the elbow to the bottom joint of the little finger)
1½ feet = 1 cubit (the distance from the elbow to the tip of the middle finger)
6 feet = 1 fathom (the distance from the fingertips of the left hand to those of the right hand when the arms are stretched out horizontally)
100 feet = 1 plethron
600 feet = 1 stade
30 stades = 1 parasang (see the note to p. 5)
1 foot on the Attic scale has been estimated to be 29.6 centimetres (11.65 inches). Therefore:
1 finger = 1.85 centimetres (0.73 inches)
1 palm = 7.4 centimetres (2.91 inches)
1 span = 22.2 centimetres (8.74 inches)
1 pygon = 37 centimetres (14.57 inches)
1 cubit = 44.4 centimetres (17.5 inches)
1 fathom = 1.776 metres (1.94 yards)
1 plethron = 29.6 metres (32.38 yards)
1 stade = 177.6 metres (194.29 yards)
1 parasang = 5.328 kilometres (3.33 miles)
Greek coinage was not on the whole fiduciary, but was worth its weight. Hence measures of weight are at the same time monetary measures.
1 talent = 60 mnas = 6,000 drachmas = 36,000 obols
1 obol = 722 milligrams (0.025 ounces)
1 drachma = 4.332 grams (0.15 ounces)
1 mna = 433.2 grams (15.16 ounces)
1 talent = 25.992 kilograms (57.31 pounds)
Liquid measures: 1 amphora (‘jar’) = 12 choes (‘pitchers’) = 144 cotylae (‘cups’) = 864 cyathi (‘spoons’). Since 1 amphora = about 39 litres (68.64 pints, 8.58 gallons), then 1 chous = 3.25 litres (5.72 pints), 1 cotyle = 270 millilitres (0.48 pints), and 1 cyathus = 45 millilitres (0.079 pints, 1.58 fluid ounces).
Dry measures: 1 medimnus = 48 choenixes = 192 cotylae. Since 1 cotyle = 270 millilitres (0.48 pints), then 1 choenix = 1.08 litres (1.90 pints), and 1 medimnus = 51.84 litres (91.24 pints, 11.40 gallons).