1	The squaw on the hippopotamus Pythagoras’s Theorem

What does it tell us?

How the three sides of a right-angled triangle are related.

Why is that important?

It provides a vital link between geometry and algebra, allowing us to calculate distances in terms of coordinates. It also inspired trigonometry.

What did it lead to?

Surveying, navigation, and more recently special and general relativity – the best current theories of space, time, and gravity.