¹ Jacob Burckhardt, Die Kultur der Renaissance in Italien: ein Versuch (Basel, 1860), also available in translation.

² E.g. C. H. Haskins, The Renaissance of the Twelfth Century (Cambridge, MA, 1927).

³ Theodore E. Mommsen, ‘Petrarch’s Conception of the “Dark Ages”’, Speculum, 17 (1942), 226–42; M. Ficino, Opera Omnia, ed. S. Toussaint (Paris, 2000), 944; Giorgio Vasari, Le Vite delle più eccellenti Pittori, Scultori et Architettori (Florence, 1550; expanded edn., Florence, 1568), also available in translation.

⁴ E.g. Charles McKean, ‘Renaissance Architecture’, in Bob Harris and Alan R. MacDonald, eds., Scotland: The Making and Unmaking of the Nation, c.1100–1707, 5 vols. (Dundee, 2006–7), vol. 2, 183–200.

⁵ David Ditchburn, ‘Scotland and Europe’, in Harris and MacDonald, eds., Scotland, vol. 1, 103–20; Steve Murdoch, ‘Scotland and Europe’, in Harris and MacDonald, eds., Scotland, vol. 2, 126–44.

⁶ Ranald G. Nicholson, Scotland: The Later Middle Ages (Edinburgh, 1974), 281.

⁷ Michael Brown, James I (Edinburgh, 1994), 201–8. See also Michael Brown and Roland Tanner, eds., Scottish Kingship, 1306–1542: Essays in Honour of Norman Macdougall (Edinburgh, 2008).

⁸ Priscilla Bawcutt and Bridget Henisch, ‘Scots Abroad in the Fifteenth Century: The Princesses Margaret, Isabella and Eleanor’, in Elizabeth Ewen and Maureen M. Meikle, eds., Women in Scotland, c.1100-c.1750 (East Linton, 1999), 45–55.

⁹ John MacQueen, ‘Poetry—James I to Henryson,’ in R. D. S. Jack, ed., The History of Scottish Literature, Volume 1: Origins to 1660, 4 vols. (Aberdeen, 1987–8), 55–60.

¹⁰ John G. Dunbar, Scottish Royal Palaces: The Architecture of the Royal Residences during the Late Medieval and Early Renaissance Periods (East Linton, 1999), 5–10; Ian Campbell, ‘A Romanesque Revival and the Early Renaissance in Scotland, c.1380–1513’, Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, 54 (1995), 302–25.

¹¹ Richard D. Oram and Geoffrey P. Stell, eds., Lordship and Architecture in Medieval and Renaissance Scotland (Edinburgh, 2005), 294–9; Campbell, ‘A Romanesque Revival’, 302–11; B. E. Crawford, ed., Church, Chronicle and Learning in Medieval and Early Renaissance Scotland (Edinburgh, 1999), 73–91.

¹² Colin Thompson and Lorne Campbell, Hugo van der Goes and the Trinity Panels in Edinburgh (Edinburgh, 1974); Duncan Macmillan, Scottish Art, 1460–2000 (Edinburgh, 2000), 18–25.

¹³ J. Durkan, ‘The Beginnings of Humanism in Scotland’, Innes Review, 4 (1953), 5–24, 119–22; Norman Macdougall, James III (Edinburgh, 2009), 245–82.

¹⁴ J. Durkan and A. Ross, ‘Early Scottish Libraries’, Innes Review, 9 (1958), 5–167; John Higgit, ed., Scottish Libraries: Corpus of British Medieval Library Catalogues, 12 (London, 2006), 44–74, 155–66, 375–85; L. J. MacFarlane, William Elphinstone and the Kingdom of Scotland, 1431–1514 (Aberdeen, 1995), 236–7, 245, 290–402.

¹⁵ Macmillan, Scottish Art, 30–1; L. MacFarlane, ‘The Book of Hours of James IV and Margaret Tudor’, Innes Review, 11 (1960), 3–21; Richard Fawcett, ‘The Architecture’, in Fawcett, ed., Stirling Castle: The Restoration of the Great Hall (York, 2001), 1–14; Dunbar, Scottish Royal Palaces, 40–9, 56–61, 77–83.

¹⁶ Andrea Thomas, Princelie Majestie: The Court of James V of Scotland, 1528–1542 (Edinburgh, 2005), 59–72, 203–5; Helena M. Shire, ‘The King in his House: Three Architectural Artefacts Belonging to the Reign of James V’, in Janet Hadley Williams, ed., Stewart Style, 1513–1542: Essays on the Court of James V (East Linton, 1996), 63–72.

¹⁷ Thomas, Princelie Majestie, 199–207; Katie Stevenson, ‘The Unicorn, St Andrew and the Thistle: Was There an Order of Chivalry in Late-Medieval Scotland?’, Scottish Historical Review, 83 (2004), 3–22.

¹⁸ Michael Lynch, ‘Queen Mary’s Triumph: The Baptismal Celebrations at Stirling in December 1566,’ Scottish Historical Review, 69 (1990), 1–22; idem., ‘The Great Hall in the Reigns of Mary, Queen of Scots and James VI’, in Fawcett, ed., Stirling Castle, 15–17.

¹⁹ I. H. Stewart, The Scottish Coinage (London, 1955), 67.

²⁰ Andrea Thomas, ‘Crown Imperial: Coronation Ritual and Regalia in the Reign of James V, in Julian Goodare and Alasdair A. MacDonald, eds., Sixteenth-Century Scotland: Essays in Honour of Michael Lynch (Leiden, 2008), 43–67.

²¹ Roger Mason, ‘Renaissance and Reformation: The Sixteenth Century’, in Jenny Wormald, ed., Scotland: A History (Oxford, 2005), 119.

²² Norman Macdougall, James IV (Edinburgh, 2006), 223–46, 308–9; Thomas, Princelie Majestie, 155–77.

²³ Thomas, Princelie Majestie, 12–14, 150–1; Michael Lynch, ‘The Reassertion of Princely Power in Scotland: The Reigns of Mary, Queen of Scots and King James VI’, in Martin Gosman, Alasdair MacDonald, and Arjo Vanderjagt, eds., Princes and Princely Culture, 1450–1650, 2 vols. (Leiden, 2003–5), vol. 1, 212, 216; Andrew Mark Godfrey, Civil Justice in Renaissance Scotland: The Origins of a Central Court (Leiden, 2009).

²⁴ Macdougall, James IV, 218–19; Thomas, Princelie Majestie, 104–12; D. James Ross, Robert Carver and the Art of Music in Sixteenth-Century Scotland (Edinburgh, 1993).

²⁵ Michael Lynch, Scotland: A New History (London, 1992), 155.

²⁶ Thomas, Princelie Majestie, 72–9, 84–5; Dunbar, Scottish Royal Palaces, 27–37, 49–55, 165–6; Shire, ‘The King in his House’, 72–96; Charles McKean, The Scottish Chateau: The Country House of Renaissance Scotland (Stroud, 2001), 99–120.

²⁷ John MacQueen, ‘Aspects of Humanism in Sixteenth- and Seventeenth-Century Literature’ in idem., ed., Humanism in Renaissance Scotland (Edinburgh, 1990), 10–26; John Durkan, ‘Education: The Laying of Fresh Foundations’, in ibid., 125–31, 153; Nicola Royan with Dauvit Broun, ‘Versions of Scottish Nationhood, c.850–1707’, in Ian Brown et al., eds., The Edinburgh History of Scottish Literature, Volume One: From Columba to the Union (until 1707) (Edinburgh, 2007), 177–80.

²⁸ Thomas, Princelie Majestie, 101–2, 140–4, 148–50; Carol Edington, Court and Culture in Renaissance Scotland: Sir David Lindsay of the Mount, 1486–1555 (East Linton, 1995) 45, 115–41; Theo van Heijnsbergen, ‘Early Modern Literature’, in Harris and MacDonald eds., The Making and Unmaking of the Nation, vol. 2, 232–4.

²⁹ Thomas, Princelie Majestie, 150–2; Durkan, ‘Education: The Laying of Fresh Foundations’, 150–6; Mason, ‘Renaissance and Reformation’, 114–16.

³⁰ Michael Bath, Renaissance Decorative Painting in Scotland (Edinburgh, 2003), 79–121.

³¹ Macmillan, Scottish Art, 40–7, 58–63; Michael Lynch, ‘Court Ceremony and Ritual during the Personal Reign of James VI’, in Julian Goodare and Michael Lynch, eds., The Reign of James VI (East Linton, 2000), 76.

³² D. James Ross, Musick Fyne: Robert Carver and the Art of Music in Sixteenth-Century Scotland (Edinburgh, 1993), 87–97, 133–9; John Purser, ‘Early Modern Music’, in Harris and MacDonald, The Making and Unmaking of the Nation, vol. 2, 216–18; John Durkan, ‘Early Song Schools in Scotland’, in Gordon Munro et al., eds., Notis Musycall: Essays on Music and Scottish Culture in Honour of Kenneth Elliott (Glasgow, 2005), 125–32.

³³ Lynch, ‘Court Ceremony and Ritual’, 71–92; idem., ‘Reassertion of Princely Power’, 220–7; idem., ‘The Great Hall in the Reigns of Mary, Queen of Scots and James VI’, 19–21.

³⁴ John Durkan, ‘Schools and Schooling to 1696’ and ‘Universities to 1720’, in Michael Lynch, ed., The Oxford Companion to Scottish History (Oxford, 2001), 561–3, 610–12.

³⁵ Jack MacQueen, ‘From Rome to Ruddiman: The Scoto-Latin Tradition’, in Brown et al., eds., Edinburgh History of Scottish Literature, vol. 1, 189–96; Bill Findlay, ‘Performances and Plays’ in ibid., 258; Royan with Broun, ‘Versions of Scottish Nationhood’, 180–1.

³⁶ Roderick J. Lyall, Alexander Montgomerie: Poetry, Politics, and Cultural Change in Jacobean Scotland (Tempe, AZ, 2005), 11–28, 344–7.

³⁷ Roderick J. Lyall, ‘James VI and the Sixteenth-Century Cultural Crisis’, in Goodare and Lynch, eds., The Reign of James VI, 55–70; idem., ‘The Marketing of James VI and I: Scotland, England and the Continental Book Trade’, Quaerendo, 32 (2002), 204–17.

³⁸ Aonghus MacKechnie, ‘James VI’s Architects and their Architecture’, in Goodare and Lynch, eds., The Reign of James VI, 162–5, 167–8; idem., ‘Court and Courtier Architecture’, 306–14; Miles Glendinning and Aonghus MacKechnie, Scottish Architecture (London, 2004), 67–89; Alastair M. T. Maxwell-Irving, ‘The Maxwells of Caerlaverock’, in Oram and Stell, eds., Lordship and Architecture, 227–8; McKean, The Scottish Chateau.