References

Interviews

Between May 2015 and October 2017, I conducted over seventy interviews with recovering gambling addicts and their relatives, recreational gamblers, psychologists, psychiatrists, gambling counsellors, neuroscientists, state and federal politicians, local government councillors, poker machine manufacturers and designers, poker machine sales representatives, high-profile poker machine industry representatives, publicans, club chairmen and presidents, hospitality workers, lawyers, ex-gambling regulators, gambling experts, lobbying experts, public-health experts, and gambling-reform advocates. Not all of the interviewees feature in the book. Some were happy to speak on the public record while others requested anonymity, either because they did not want to be publicly identified as having a gambling problem or because they feared for their career and reputation if it was known they had spoken with me.

Books

Adams, Peter, Moral Jeopardy: risks of accepting money from the alcohol, tobacco and gambling industries, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2016

American Psychiatric Society, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: 5th edition, Virginia, 2013

Arendt, Hannah, Eichmann in Jerusalem: a report on the banality of evil, Viking Press, New York, 1963

Boyce, James, Losing Streak: how Tasmania was gamed by the gambling industry, Black Inc., Melbourne, 2017

Costello, Tim and Millar, Royce, Wanna Bet?: winners and losers in gambling’s luck myth, Allen and Unwin, Sydney, 2000

Dostoevsky, Fyodor, A Writer’s Diary, Northwestern University Press, Illinois, 2009

Fey, Marshall, Slot Machines: an illustrated history of America’s most popular coin-operated gaming device, Stanley Paher Nevada Publications, Nevada, 1983

Handelman, Sapir, Thought Manipulation: the use and abuse of psychological trickery, ABC-CLIO, California, 2009

Lewis, Marc, The Biology of Desire: why addiction is not a disease, Scribe, Melbourne, 2015

O’Hara, John, A Mug’s Game: a history of gaming and betting in Australia, New South Wales University Press, Sydney, 1988

Orwell, George, 1984, Penguin Books, London, 2011

Pavlov, Ivan, Conditioned Reflexes: an investigation of the physiological activity of the cerebral cortex, Oxford University Press, London, 1927

Schüll, Natasha Dow, Addiction by Design: machine gambling in Las Vegas, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 2012

Skinner, Burrhus Frederic, Science and Human Behaviour, Simon and Schuster, New York, 1953

Walker, Betty Con, Casino Clubs NSW: profits, tax, sport and politics, Sydney University Press, Sydney, 2009

Articles/reports/presentations

AAP, ‘No pokies in WA: Barnett’, WA Today, June 29 2016, http://www.watoday.com.au/wa-news/no-pokies-in-wa-barnett-20160629-gpujq9.html

Aristocrat Technologies, ‘Helix: Bringing the game forward’, Aristocrat Technologies, marketing brochure, 2014

Aston, Heath, ‘Pokies chiefs learnt straight-shooting skills from powerful US gun lobby’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 12 May 2013, http://www.smh.com.au/nsw/pokies-chiefs-learnt-straightshooting-skills-from-powerful-us-gun-lobby-20130511-2jemr.html

Aston, Heath, ‘RSL pokie punters rewarded for gambling up to $300,000 a year’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 12 February 2017, http://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political- news/rsl-pokie-punters-rewarded-for-gambling-up-to-300000-a-year-20170211-guanga.html

Australian Institute of Gambling Research, ‘Australian Gambling History and Comparative Analysis’, Victorian Casino and Gaming Authority, Melbourne, 1999

Babor, Thomas and Miller, Peter, ‘McCarthyism, Conflict of Interest and Addiction’s New Transparency Declaration Procedures’, Addiction, 109, 341–344

Baker, Grant and Warner, Michael, ‘Geelong president Colin Carter says AFL industry slow to realise poker machines are a big problem’, Geelong Advertiser, 30 March 2016, http://www.heraldsun.com.au/sport/afl/geelong-president-colin-carter-says-afl-industry-slow-to-realise-poker-machines-are-a-big-problem/news story/0fb1dc2f71f335220064247203b177fc

Banks, Gary, ‘Gambling in Australia: are we balancing the equation?’, presentation at the Australian Gaming Expo Conference, Sydney, 2007

Barrus, Michael and Winstanley, Catherine, ‘Dopamine D3 Receptors Modulate the Ability of Win-Paired Cues to Increase Risky Choice in a Rat Gambling Task’, Journal of Neuroscience, 36:3, 785–794, 2016

Barton, Kevin, ‘The Effect of Losses Disguised as Wins and Near Misses in Electronic Gaming Machines: A Systematic Review’, Journal of Gambling Studies, 33:4, 2017

Barwell, David, ‘Bald Faced Stag’s new owners opt for live music over machines’, The Daily Telegraph, 17 April 2017, http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/newslocal/inner-west/bald-faced-stags-new-owners-opt-for-live-music-over-machines/news-story/5b51841f319d9573459d1f1cc0034a27

Begley, Patrick, ‘Machine men: How the AHA and ClubsNSW seek political influence’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 1 October 2016, http://www.smh.com.au/nsw/machine-men-how-the-aha-and-clubsnsw-seek-political-influence-20160929-grrxe9.html

Biggs, Amanda, ‘Electronic Gaming Machines: what lessons from Norway?’, Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, 2011

Blaszczynski, Alex et al, ‘A Science-Based Framework for Responsible Gambling: the Reno model’, Journal of Gambling Studies, 20:3, 301–317, 2004

Blaszczynski, Alex et al, ‘The Assessment of the Impact of the Reconfiguration on Electronic Gaming Machines as Harm Minimisation Strategies for Problem Gambling: a report for the gaming industry operators group’, University of Sydney Gambling Research Unit, 2001

Breen, Helen, ‘Visitors to Northern Australia: debating the history of Indigenous gambling’, International Gambling Studies, 8:2, 137–150, 2008

Brimbank City Council, ‘Brimbank Electronic Gambling Policy 2015’, Brimbank City Council, 2015

Browne, Matthew et al, ‘Assessing Gambling-Related Harm in Victoria: a public health perspective’, Victorian Responsible Gambling Foundation, Melbourne, 2016

Caldwell, Geoffrey, ‘Leisure Co-Operatives: the institutionalisation of gambling and the growth of large leisure organisations in New South Wales’, PhD thesis, Australian National University, Canberra, 1972

Carroll, Annie et al, ‘Stigma and Help-Seeking for Gambling Problems’, Centre for Gambling Research, Australian National University, 18 November 2013

Christiansen, Melanie and Gray, Steve, ‘Wayne Goss regrets bringing poker machines to Queensland’, The Courier Mail, 30 September 2008, http://www.couriermail.com.au/news/queensland/pokies-a-mistake-says-goss/news-story/3c9d16ed6ff1af342c8ee93c440a1f5d

Clark, Luke et al, ‘Gambling Near-Misses Enhance Motivation to Gamble and Recruit Win-Related Brain Circuitry, Neuron, 61, 481–490, 12 February 2009

Clark, Luke and Murch, Spencer, ‘Games in the Brain: neural substrates of gambling addiction’, Neuroscientist, 22:5 534–45, 2016

ClubsAustralia, ‘Part of the Solution: clubs promoting a culture of responsible gambling’, ClubsAustralia, Sydney, 2012

ClubsNSW, ClubLife Magazine, ClubsNSW, Sydney

Commonwealth of Australia (Department of Social Services), ‘Review of Illegal Offshore Wagering’, Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra, 18 December 2015

Day, Mark, ‘The Club is not a Subtle Weapon’, Daily Telegraph, 24 September 2003, accessed via Factiva

Denniss, Richard, ‘Rubbery Figures: an examination of the claimed and likely cost of poker machine reform in Australia’, The Australia Institute, 2012

Dickins, Marissa and Thomas, Anna, ‘Is it gambling or a game? Simulated gambling games: Their use and regulation’, Australian Gambling Research Centre Discussion Paper, April 2016

Dixon, Mike and Harrigan, Kevin, ‘Losses Disguised as Wins in Modern Multiline Video Slot Machines’, Addiction, 105:10, 1819–24, 2010

Dorsette, Jesse and Schubert, Steven, ‘NT Gaming Minister Peter Styles defends moves to boost poker machine numbers’, ABC News, 15 December 2014, http://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-12-15/peter-styles-defends-northern-territory-pokie-increase/5968920

Elliot, Tom, ‘Let Adults Decide if they Want to Play the Pokies’, Herald Sun, 29 September 2016, http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/opinion/tom-elliott/tom-elliott-let-adults-decide-if-they-want-to-play-the-pokies/news-story/fd67d5597854186f8fa952b744c323ee

Engebø, Jonny, ‘From slot machines to gaming terminals: experiences with regulatory changes in Norway’, Presentation, Vienna, 2010

Ferguson, Adele, ‘Wesfarmers stonewalled on push for $1 pokies’, Australian Financial Review, 19 December 2016, http://www.afr.com/business/gambling/wesfarmers-stonewalled-on-push-for-1-pokies-20161218-gtdgge

Gorman, Michael, ‘Nova Scotia pulls plug on VLT tracking system My-Play’, The Chronicle Herald, 20 August 2014, http://thechronicleherald.ca/novascotia/1230721-nova-scotia-pulls- plug-on-vlt-tracking-system-my-play

Harrigan, Kevin and Dixon, Mike, ‘PAR Sheets, Probabilities, and Slot Machine Play: implications for problem and non-problem gambling’, Journal of Gambling Issues, 23, 81–110, 2009

Hawthorne, Mark, ‘Debt-free at last, now the Cats are on a mission to be pokie-free’, The Age, 18 May 2017, http://www.theage.com.au/afl/geelong-cats/debtfree-at-last-now-the-cats-are-on-a-mission-to-be-pokiefree-20170518-gw7xh4.html

Hayes, Alex, ‘Neil Lawrence’s pokies documentary pulls 372,000 viewers as 800 Words holds strong, Mumbrella, 21 October 2015, https://mumbrella.com.au/neil-lawrences-pokies-documentary-pulls-372000-viewers-as-800-words-holds-strong-325823

Henry, Ken, ‘Australia’s Future Tax System: report to the treasurer’, Commonwealth of Australia, 2009

Hing, Nerilee, ‘A History of Machine Gambling in the NSW Club Industry: from community benefit to commercialisation’, International Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Administration, 7:1, 81–107, 2006

Hing, Nerilee, ‘The Efficacy of Responsible Gambling Measures in NSW Clubs: the gamblers’ perspective’, Gambling Research, 16:1, 32–46. 2004

Homewood, Sarah, ‘ClubsNSW pitches $1.7m business; looks for next step in comms strategy’. AdNews, September 2 2015, http://www.adnews.com.au/news/clubsnsw-pitches-1-7m- business-looks-for-next-step-in-comms-strategy

Klan, Anthony, ‘Pokie group “used political donations to buy influence”’, The Australian, 23 November 2009, http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/nation/pokie-group-used-political-donations-to-buy-influence/news-story/c47b2df08565e5533f205e34bc3f224d

KPMG, ‘New South Wales Club Census 2011: report on the economic and social contribution of registered clubs in New South Wales’, KPMG, Australia, 2012

Lawson, Kirsten, ‘Poker machine manufacturers reject government’s bet regime for Canberra casino’, The Canberra Times, 15 October 2017, http://www.canberratimes.com.au/act-news/poker-machine-manufacturers-reject-governments-bet-regime-for-canberra-casino-20171012-gyzkis.html

Livingstone, Charles, ‘Coles wants $1 maximum bets — so why won’t the pokie-makers play ball?’, The Conversation, 19 December 2016, https://theconversation.com/coles-wants-1-maximum-bets-for-pokies-so-why-wont-the-pokie-makers-play-ball-70574

Livingstone, Charles, ‘Analysis of AEC Donation Data 2000–2015: interim report 1 — ClubsNSW’, Monash University, 2016

Livingstone, Charles, ‘Analysis of AEC Donation Data 2000–2015: interim report 1 — Australian Hotels Association’, Monash University, 2016

Livingstone, Charles and Adams, Peter, ‘Clear Principles are Needed for Integrity in Gambling Research’, Addiction, 111, 5–10

Livingstone, Charles and Francis, Louise, ‘Report into the Effects of Recent Amendments to Queensland Gambling Legislation and Regulation’, School of Public Health and Preventative Medicine, Monash University & Anglican Church of Southern Queensland Social Responsibilities Community, Melbourne/Brisbane, 2014

Livingstone, Charles et al, ‘Assessment of Poker Machine Expenditure and Community Benefit Claims in Selected Commonwealth Electoral Divisions’, UnitingCare Australia, Canberra, 2012

Lund, Ingeborg, ‘Gambling Behaviour and the Prevalence of Gambling Problems in Adult EGM Gamblers when EGMs are Banned. A Natural Experiment’, Journal of Gambling Studies, 25, 215–225, 2009

Markham, Francis and Young, Martin, ‘Big Gambling: the rise of the global industry-state gambling complex’, Addiction Research & Theory, 23:1, 1–4

Markham, Francis and Young, Martin, ‘Three Charts on: Australia’s addiction to poker machines’, The Conversation, 27 June 2017, https://theconversation.com/three-charts-on-australias-addiction-to-poker-machines-78353

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Millar, Royce, ‘Tatts Targets the Vulnerable’, The Age, Melbourne, 2003

Milton, Vanessa, ‘Ten pound pom dumps pokies, brings “traditional” back to country pub in Tathra’, ABC News, 14 June 2016, http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-06-14/ten-pound-pom-dumps-pokies-brings-traditional-back-to-pub/7509498

Mond, Jonathon et al, ‘Public Opinion on Gambling’, Australian National Institute for Public Policy and Australian National University College of Arts and Social Sciences, Canberra, 2011

McVeigh, Sarah, ‘The pokies king’, How Do You Sleep At Night?, ABC, 11 September 2017, http://www.abc.net.au/radio/programs/how-do-you-sleep-at-night/the-pokies-king- ep2/8901506

Naughton, Kevin, ‘Counting the cost: 20 years of pokies in SA’, InDaily, 18 July 2014, https://indaily.com.au/news/2014/07/18/pokies-20-years/

Nicholls, Sean, ‘The failure at the heart of NSW poker machine policy’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 25 May 2017, http://www.smh.com.au/comment/smh-editorial/the-failure-at-the-heart-of-nsw-poker-machine-policy-20170525-gwcqd5.html

Nicholls, Sean and Millar, Royce, ‘Follow the money: ClubsNSW donated to Kevin Andrews’ Victorian-based Menzies 200 club’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 27 July 2015, http://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/follow-the-money-clubs-nsw-donated-to-kevin-andrews-victorianbased-menzies-200-club-20150726-gikryw.html

Nicholls, Sean and Partidge, Emma, ‘Sixteen Sydney pubs granted exemptions to lockout laws’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 3 December 2015, http://www.smh.com.au/nsw/sixteen- sydney-pubs-granted-exemption-to-lockout-laws-20151202-gldesf.html

Orphanides, K.G, ‘Scientists Built a “Rat Casino” and it Made Rodents Riskier Gamblers’, Wired, 21 January 2016, http://www.wired.co.uk/article/rat-casino-light-sound-gambling-risk

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Robertson, James, ‘Poker machine profits come from Sydney’s poorest suburbs’, The Sydney Morning Herald, 26 October 2015, http://www.smh.com.au/nsw/poker-machine-profits-come-from-sydneys-poorest-suburbs-20151023-gkh7j4.html

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Spain, Katie, ‘Willunga Pub the Old Bush Inn ditches its poker machines’, The Advertiser, 27 December 2015, http://www.adelaidenow.com.au/lifestyle/sa-weekend/willunga-pub-the-old-bush-inn-ditches-its-poker-machines/news-story/5465c0c8999b0ed255643bb516b74195

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