Chapter 13

1   https://twitter.com/alex6130/status/872937838488281088

2   https://twitter.com/MaliaBouattia/status/872978158135508992

3   https://twitter.com/DavidLammy/status/873063062483357696

4   https://www.buzzfeed.com/ikrd/we-dont-actually-know-how-many-young-people-turned-out-to?utm_term=.yw9j2lr8l#.cqOlx8Aa8

5   https://blog.oxforddictionaries.com/2017/12/14/youthquake-word-ofthe-year-2017-commentary/

6   http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/politicsandpolicy/the-myth-of-the-2017-youthquake-election/

7   https://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/blogs/peter-kellner/the-british-election-study-claims-there-was-no-youthquake-last-june-its-wrong

8   https://twitter.com/simonschusterUK/status/973882834665590785

9   https://oxfamblogs.org/fp2p/are-women-really-70-of-the-worlds-poor-howdo-we-know/; http://www.politifact.com/punditfact/article/2014/jul/03/meet-zombie-stat-just-wont-die/

10 https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/poverty/news/2013/03/11/56097/gender-equality-and-womens-empowerment-are-key-to-addressing-global-poverty/; https://www.theguardian.com/global-development-professionals-network/2013/mar/26/empower-women-end-poverty-developing-world; https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/introduction-to-the-challenges-of-achieving-gender/; https://www.pciglobal.org/womens-empowerment-poverty/; https://reliefweb.int/report/world/women-and-development-worlds-poorest-are-women-and-girls; http://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/newsroom/news/WCMS_008066/lang–en/index.htm; https://www.oecd.org/social/40881538.pdf

11 https://oxfamblogs.org/fp2p/are-women-really-70-of-the-worlds-poor-howdo-we-know/

12 http://www.politifact.com/punditfact/article/2014/jul/03/meet-zombiestat-just-wont-die/

13 http://ideas4development.org/en/zombie-facts-to-bury-about-women-and-girls/

14 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Rahul_Lahoti/publication/236248332_Moving_from_the_Household_to_the_Individual_Multidimensional_Poverty_Analysis/links/5741941d08aea45ee8497aca/Moving-from-the-Household-to-the-Individual-Multidimensional-Poverty-Analysis.pdf?origin=publication_list

15 A note on household heads. The sex of a household head is determined by the sex of the other people living with her. A male-headed household can, and often does, include adult females. A female-headed household, on the other hand, is almost always by definition a household that lacks an adult male – and lack is the operative term here. Households are not female-headed by default.

16 Lundberg, Shelly J., Pollak, Robert A. and Wales, Terence J. (1997), ‘Do Husbands and Wives Pool Their Resources? Evidence from the United Kingdom Child Benefit’, Journal of Human Resources, 32:3, 463–80, http://www.jstor.org/stable/146179

17 http://www.cpahq.org/cpahq/cpadocs/Feminization_of_Poverty.pdf; http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/3040/1/Gendered_nature_of_natural_disasters_%28LSERO%29.pdf

18 https://www.jstor.org/stable/145670?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents; https://blogs.wsj.com/ideas-market/2011/01/27/the-gender-of-money/; François Bourguignon, Martin Browning, Pierre-André Chiappori and Valérie Lechene (1993), ‘Intra Household Allocation of Consumption: A Model and Some Evidence from French Data’, Annales d’Économie et de Statistique, 29, Progrès récents en théorie du consommateur / Recent Advances in Economic Theory, 137–56; http://jezebel.com/5744852/money-has-a-gender

19 https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/may/01/conservatives-universal-credit-hard-work

20 https://docs.gatesfoundation.org/documents/gender-responsive-orientation-document.pdf

21 Ibid.

22 Gauff, Tonya Major (2009), ‘Eliminating the Secondary Earner Bias: Lessons from Malaysia, the United Kingdom, and Ireland’, Northwestern Journal of Law and Social Policy, 4:2

23 European Parliament (2017), Gender Equality and Taxation in the European Union, http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2017/583138/IPOL_STU%282017%29583138_EN.pdf

24 Andrienko, Yuri, Apps, Patricia and Rees, Ray (2014), ‘Gender Bias in Tax Systems Based on Household Income’, Discussion Paper, Institute for the Study of Labor

25 https://www.gov.uk/marriage-allowance/how-it-works

26 https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016–08-18/japan-may-finally-end-10–000-cap-on-women-s-incentive-to-work

27 http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/gender/Gender%20and%20Poverty%20Reduction/Taxation%20English.pdf

28 European Parliament (2017), Gender Equality and Taxation in the European Union, http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/STUD/2017/583138/IPOL_STU%282017%29583138_EN.pdf

29 Ibid.

30 Ibid.

31 Institute of Development Studies (2016), ‘Redistributing Unpaid Care Work – Why Tax Matters for Women’s Rights’

32 https://wbg.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/taxation-pre-Budget-nov-2017-final.pdf

33 Ibid.

34 Ibid.

35 Institute of Development Studies (2016), ‘Redistributing Unpaid Care Work – Why Tax Matters for Women’s Rights’

36 http://www.taxjustice.net/2016/11/03/switzerland-un-hot-seat-impact-tax-policies-womens-rights/

37 http://cesr.org/sites/default/files/downloads/switzerland_factsheet_2nov2016.pdf

38 http://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/gender/Gender%20and%20Poverty%20Reduction/Taxation%20English.pdf 2010

39 Institute of Development Studies (2016), ‘Redistributing Unpaid Care Work – Why Tax Matters for Women’s Rights’

40 European Parliament (2017), Gender Equality and Taxation in the European Union

Chapter 14

1   https://www.politicalparity.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Parity-Research-Women-Impact.pdf

2   http://www.historyandpolicy.org/policy-papers/papers/women-in-parliament-since-1945-have-they-changed-the-debate

3   https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:200156/FULLTEXT01.pdf

4   Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States

5   https://economics.mit.edu/files/792

6   https://web.stanford.edu/group/peg/Papers%20for%20call/nov05%20papers/Clots-Figueras.pdf

7   https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2016/09/clinton-trust-sexism/500489/

8   http://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/3558075/Irrational-ambition-is-Hillary-Clintons-flaw.html

9   https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/are-we-born-racist/201010/is-hillary-clinton-pathologically-ambitious

10 http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9807E3D8123EF932A-15751C0A9619C8B63&sec=&spon=&pagewanted=2

11 http://www.weeklystandard.com/colin-powell-on-hillary-clinton-unbridled-ambition-greedy-not-transformational/article/2004328

12 http://www.teenvogue.com/story/hillary-clinton-laughs-too-ambitious-attack

13 http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3900744/Assange-says-Clinton-eaten-alive-ambitions-denies-Russia-Democratic-email-hacks-interview-Kremlin-s-TV-channel.html

14 http://www.theonion.com/blogpost/hillary-clinton-is-too-ambitious-to-be-the-first-f-11229

15 https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/are-we-born-racist/201010/is-hillary-clinton-pathologically-ambitious

16 http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0146167210371949

17 http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022103108000334

18 Cikara, Mina and Fiske, Susan T. (2009), ‘Warmth, competence, and ambivalent sexism: Vertical assault and collateral damage’, in Barreto, Manuela, Ryan, Michelle K. and Schmitt, Michael T. (eds.), The glass ceiling in the 21st century: Understanding barriers to gender equality, Washington

19 https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/08/160829095050.htm

20 Hekman, David, Johnson, Stefanie, Foo, Maw-Der and Yang, Wei (2017), ‘Does Diversity-Valuing Behavior Result in Diminished Performance Ratings for Non-White and Female Leaders?’, Academy of Management Journal, 60:2, 771

21 https://www.lrb.co.uk/v39/n02/rebecca-solnit/from-lying-to-leering

22 http://archive.ipu.org/wmn-e/world.htm

23 https://www.parliament.uk/business/committees/committees-a-z/commons-select/women-and-equalities-committee/news-parliament-2017/govt-response-women-hoc-2017–19/

24 https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/642904/Government_Response_-_Women_in_the_House_of_Commons.pdf

25 http://archive.ipu.org/wmn-e/arc/classif010197.htm

26 https://www.fawcettsociety.org.uk/Handlers/Download.ashx?IDMF=2e149e34-9c26-4984-bf64-8989db41a6ad

27 https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/642904/Government_Response_-_Women_in_the_House_of_Commons.pdf

28 Diana Z. O’Brien and Johanna Rickne (2016), ‘Gender Quotas and Women’s Political Leadership’, American Political Science Review, 110:1 (February 2016), 112–26

29 https://blogs.eui.eu/genderquotas/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/Executive-summary-Sweden-Freidenvall1.pdf

30 Ibid.

31 http://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/note/join/2013/493011/IPOL-FEMM_NT(2013)493011_EN.pdf

32 https://blogs.eui.eu/genderquotas/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2015/03/Executive-summary-Sweden-Freidenvall1.pdf

33 Yoon, J. and Shin, K. (2015), ‘Mixed effects of legislative quotas in South Korea’, Politics & Gender, 11:1, 186–95

34 O’Brien and Rickne (2016)

35 https://web.archive.org/web/20110605021810/ http://www.parliament.the-stationery-office.co.uk/pa/cm200708/cmhansrd/cm080306/debtext/80306–0007.htm

36 https://www.worksopguardian.co.uk/news/politics/man-who-sent-mp-s-wife-dead-bird-in-post-is-given-restraining-order-1–4777574

37 https://christinescottcheng.wordpress.com/publications/women-in-politics/mixed-member-proportional-leads-to-more-women-mps/how-the-electoral-system-matters-for-electing-women/; http://www.europarl.europa.eu/workingpapers/femm/w10/2_en.htm

38 Castillejo, Clare (2016), ‘Women political leaders and peacebuilding’, http://noref.no/var/ezflow_site/storage/original/application/6ccaf3f24b120b8004f0db2a767a9dc2.pdf

39 http://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/6ccaf3f24b120b8004f0db2a767a9dc2.pdf

40 Castillejo (2016)

41 http://www.capwip.org/readingroom/cawp-womenstateleg.pdf

42 https://www.fawcettsociety.org.uk/Handlers/Download.ashx?IDMF=2e149e34-9c26-4984-bf64-8989db41a6ad

43 Hancock, Adrienne B., Rubin, Benjamin A. (2015), ‘Influence of Communication Partner’s Gender on Language’, Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 34:1, 46–64

44 http://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/for-many-women-watching-trump-interrupt-clinton-51-times-was-unnerving-but-familiar/

45 https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2017/11/inside-the-fall-of-todays-matt-lauer

46 https://hbr.org/2016/09/why-hillary-clinton-gets-interrupted-more-than-donald-trump

47 https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/mar/28/hillary-clinton-honest-transparency-jill-abramson

48 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-13211577

49 http://archive.ipu.org/pdf/publications/issuesbrief-e.pdf

50 https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/feb/09/fawzia-koofi-afghanistan-mp-turn-off-microphones

51 https://www.theguardian.com/technology/datablog/ng-interactive/2016/jun/27/from-julia-gillard-to-hillary-clinton-online-abuse-of-politicians-around-the-world

52 http://archive.ipu.org/pdf/publications/issuesbrief-e.pdf

53 Ibid.

54 http://www.medicamondiale.org/fileadmin/redaktion/5_Service/Media-thek/Dokumente/English/Documentations_studies/medica_mondiale_-_Report_on_Women__Peace_and_Security_-_October_2007.pdf

55 https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2014/feb/09/fawzia-koofi-afghanistan-mp-turn-off-microphones

56 https://www.reuters.com/article/us-afghanistan-women/bomb-attack-in-eastern-afghanistan-kills-female-politician-idUSKBN0LK1EI20150216

57 O’Brien and Rickne (2016)

58 Ibid.

59 http://archive.ipu.org/wmn-e/classif.htm

60 Kanthak, Kristin and Krause, George A. (2012), The Diversity Paradox: Political Parties, Legislatures, and the Organizational Foundations of Representation in America, New York http://www.pitt.edu/~gkrause/Kanthak%20&%20Krause.Diversity%20Paradox.Book%20Manuscript.09–10-10.pdf

61 O’Brien and Rickne (2016)

62 Kanthak and Krause (2012) – once women threaten the majority, there is a male backlash

63 Wittmer, Dana and Bouche, Vanessa (2010), ‘The Limits of Gendered Leader ship: The Public Policy Implications of Female Leadership on Women’s Issues’, The Limits of Gendered Issues, APSA 2010 Annual Meeting Paper

64 http://archive.ipu.org/pdf/publications/issuesbrief-e.pdf

65 http://www.medicamondiale.org/fileadmin/redaktion/5_Service/Media-thek/Dokumente/English/Documentations_studies/medica_mondiale_-_Report_on_Women__Peace_and_Security_-_October_2007.pdf

66 http://archive.ipu.org/pdf/publications/issuesbrief-e.pdf

67 https://www.cfr.org/article/violence-against-female-politicians

68 http://archive.ipu.org/pdf/publications/issuesbrief-e.pdf

69 https://www.cfr.org/article/violence-against-female-politicians

70 https://www.ndi.org/sites/default/files/not-the-cost-program-guidancefinal.pdf

71 https://www.ndi.org/sites/default/files/not-the-cost-program-guidance-final.pdf

72 https://www.cfr.org/article/violence-against-female-politicians

73 Jacobi, Tonja and Schweers, Dylan (2017), ‘Justice, Interrupted: The Effect of Gender, Ideology and Seniority at Supreme Court Oral Arguments’ (14 March 2017), Virginia Law Review, 1379, Northwestern Law & Econ Research Paper No. 17–03

74 http://www.bbc.com/capital/story/20170622-why-women-should-interrupt-men

75 http://www.bbc.com/capital/story/20160906-how-rude-the-secret-to-smart-interrupting

76 https://www.nytimes.com/2017/06/13/us/politics/kamala-harris-interrupted-jeff-sessions.html

77 http://edition.cnn.com/2017/06/13/politics/powers-miller-kamala-harris-hysterical-sessions-hearing-ac360-cnntv/index.html

78 http://interactions.acm.org/archive/view/january-february-2014/are-you-sure-your-software-is-gender-neutral

79 Tali Mendelberg, a Princeton University professor who is co-author of The Silent Sex: Gender, Deliberation and Institutions, https://mobile.nytimes.com/2016/10/27/upshot/speaking-while-female-and-at-a-disadvantage.html?em_pos=small&emc=edit_up_20161028&nl=upshot&nl_art=3&nlid=67555443&ref=headline&te=1&_r=0&referer=http://m.facebook.com

80 http://time.com/3666135/sheryl-sandberg-talking-while-female-manterruptions/

81 Mendelberg

82 Karpowitz, C., Mendelberg, T. and Shaker, L. (2012) ‘Gender Inequality in Deliberative Participation’, American Political Science Review, 106:3, 533–47

83 https://www.fawcettsociety.org.uk/Handlers/Download.ashx?IDMF=2e149e34-9c26-4984-bf64-8989db41a6ad

84 https://www.bindmans.com/insight/updates/when-can-the-law-remove-a-councillor-without-an-election; http://localgovernmentlawyer.co.uk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=17463%3Acouncil-blames-localism-act-for-inability-to-remove-councillor-from-office&catid=59%3Agovernance-a-risk-articles&Itemid=27

85 https://www.fawcettsociety.org.uk/Handlers/Download.ashx?IDMF=2e149e34-9c26-4984-bf64-8989db41a6ad

Chapter 15

1   http://www.makers.com/once-and-for-all

2   https://www.globalfundforwomen.org/wp-content/uploads/2006/11/disaster-report.pdf

3   https://www.womensrefugeecommission.org/gbv/firewood

4   http://gdnonline.org/resources/women_will_rebuild_miami.pdf

5   Murakami-Ramalho, E. and Durodoye, B. (2008), ‘Looking Back to Move Forward: Katrina’s Black Women Survivors Speak’, NWSA Journal, 20(3), 115–37

6   https://iwpr.org/wp-content/uploads/wpallimport/files/iwpr-export/publications/D506_GetToTheBricks.pdf

7   https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2015/jan/22/women-rights-war-peace-un-resolution-1325

8   http://www.peacewomen.org/assets/file/NationalActionPlans/miladpournikanalysisdocs/igis_womeninpeaceandsecuritythroughunsr1325_millerpournikswaine_2014.pdf;Data2x

9   https://www.cfr.org/interactive/interactive/womens-participation-in-peace-processes/explore-the-data

10 https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/UNW-GLOBAL-STUDY-1325–2015.pdf

11 United Nations Security Council (2017) ‘Report of the Secretary-General on women and peace and security’

12 Clare Castillejo (2016), ‘Women political leaders and peacebuilding’, Norwegian Peacebuilding Resource Centre

13 Ibid.

14 http://www.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/peace-and-security/facts-and-figures#sthash.vq3NnLEu.dpuf; O’Reilly, Marie, Súilleabháin, Andrea Ó and Paffenholz, Thania (2015), ‘Reimagining Peacemaking: Women’s Roles in Peace Processes’, International Peace Institute, New York

15 Castillejo (2016)

16 O’Reilly, Súilleabháin and Paffenholz (2015)

Chapter 16

1   http://www.securitycouncilreport.org/atf/cf/%7B65BFCF9B-6D27-4E9C-8CD3-CF6E4FF96FF9%7D/WPS%202010%20Sidebar2.pdf

2   http://www.un.org/en/preventgenocide/rwanda/about/bgsexualviolence.shtml

3   O’Reilly, Marie, Súilleabháin, Andrea Ó and Paffenholz, Thania (2015), ‘Reimagining Peacemaking: Women’s Roles in Peace Processes,’ International Peace Institute, New York, June 2015, https://www.ipinst.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/IPI-E-pub-Reimagining-Peacemaking.pdf

4   http://www.un.org/en/preventgenocide/rwanda/about/bgsexualviolence.shtml

5   O’Reilly, Súilleabháin and Paffenholz (2015)

6   http://www.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/peace-and-security/facts-and-figures#sthash.vq3NnLEu.dpuf

7   http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/11/world/asia/effort-to-help-filipino-women-falters-un-says.html

8   http://www.unfpa.org/press/women%E2%80%99s-health-critical-recovery-aftermath-typhoon-haiyan-says-unfpa-executive-director

9   Ibid.

10 http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/11/world/asia/effort-to-help-filipino-women-falters-un-says.html

11 O’Reilly, Súilleabháin and Paffenholz (2015)

12 http://www.indexmundi.com/facts/oecd-members/maternal-mortality-ratio

13 https://www.unicef.org/childsurvival/sierraleone_91206.html

14 http://www.thesierraleonetelegraph.com/?p=16261

15 https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/2014/08/14/3e08d0c8-2312-11e4-8593-da634b334390_story.html?utm_term=.51eb39dc57dc

16 Ibid.

17 http://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(15)00065–0/fulltext

18 http://www.wpro.who.int/topics/gender_issues/Takingsexandgenderintoaccount.pdf

19 http://theconversation.com/zika-and-ebola-had-a-much-worse-effect-on-women-we-need-more-research-to-address-this-in-future-64868

20 Ibid.

21 http://foreignpolicy.com/2014/08/20/why-are-so-many-women-dying-from-ebola/

22 http://www.unwomen.org/en/news/stories/2016/5/ed-statement-on-whs#sthash.xmKEsOBX.dpuf

23 https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/2014/08/14/3e08d0c8-2312-11e4-8593-da634b334390_story.html?utm_term=.51eb39dc57dc

24 https://www.buzzfeed.com/jinamoore/ebola-is-killing-women-in-far-greater-numbers-than-men?utm_term=.gpzKwwzJze#.wce6ww292m

25 Ibid.

26 https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/2014/08/14/3e08d0c8-2312-11e4-8593-da634b334390_story.html?utm_term=.51eb39dc57dc

27 https://www.chathamhouse.org/publication/ia/gendered-human-rights-analysis-ebola-and-zika-locating-gender-global-health# https://www.chathamhouse.org/publication/ia/gendered-human-rights-analysis-ebola-and-zika-locating-gender-global-health

28 http://theconversation.com/zika-and-ebola-had-a-much-worse-effect-on-women-we-need-more-research-to-address-this-in-future-64868

29 https://www.theguardian.com/environment/blog/2014/jul/14/8-charts-climate-change-world-more-dangerous

30 https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2016/07/25/how-climate-disasters-can-drive-violent-conflict-around-the-world/?utm_term=.8b5c33ad65e7

31 https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/another-deadly-consequence-of-climate-change-the-spread-of-dangerous-diseases/2017/05/30/fd3b8504-34b1-11e7-b4ee-434b6d506b37_story.html?utm_term=.e49b6bd86143

32 http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(17)30082–7/fulltext?elsca1=tlpr

33 http://edition.cnn.com/2017/08/04/health/climate-change-weather-disasters-europe/index.html

34 Neumayer, Eric and Plümper, Thomas (2007) ‘The gendered nature of natural disasters: the impact of catastrophic events on the gender gap in life expectancy, 1981–2002’, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 97:3, 55–66

35 Ibid.

36 https://www.theguardian.com/society/2005/mar/26/internationalaidanddevelopment.indianoceantsunamidecember2004

37 http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/3040/1/Gendered_nature_of_natural_disasters_%28LSERO%29.pdf

38 Ibid.

39 https://thewire.in/66576/economic-growth-bangladesh-challenge-change-women/

40 http://www.bridge.ids.ac.uk/sites/bridge.ids.ac.uk/files/reports/Climate_Change_DFID.pdf

41 https://www.globalfundforwomen.org/wp-content/uploads/2006/11/disaster-report.pdf

42 Ibid.

43 https://iwpr.org/wp-content/uploads/wpallimport/files/iwpr-export/publications/D506_GetToTheBricks.pdf

44 https://qz.com/692711/the-radically-simple-way-to-make-female-refugees-safer-from-sexual-assault-decent-bathrooms/

45 https://www.womensrefugeecommission.org/facts-and-figures

46 https://www.globalone.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/SYRIA-REPORT-FINAL-ONLINE.pdf

47 https://www.amnesty.ie/greece-refugee-women-coping-fear-violence-camps/ https://blogs.cdc.gov/global/2014/11/17/implications-of-latrines-onwomens-and-girls-safety/

48 http://refugeerights.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/RRDP_Hidden-Struggles.pdf

49 http://www.wame2015.org/case-study/1124/ https://blogs.cdc.gov/global/2014/11/17/implications-of-latrines-on-womens-and-girls-safety/

50 https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/report_pdf/wrdsanitation0417_web_0.pdf

51 http://refugeerights.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/RRDP_Hidden-Struggles.pdf

52 https://qz.com/692711/the-radically-simple-way-to-make-female-refugees-safer-from-sexual-assault-decent-bathrooms/

53 https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2018/jul/09/i-couldnt-even-wash-after-giving-birth-how-showers-are-restoring-the-dignity-of-female-refugees

54 IRIN and women’s refugee council

55 https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/report_pdf/wrdsanitation0417_web_0.pdf

56 Ibid.

57 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-beds-bucks-herts-36804714

58 https://www.irinnews.org/investigations/2017/05/10/women-refugees-risk-sexual-assault-berlin-shelters

59 https://www.buzzfeed.com/jinamoore/women-refugees-fleeing-through-europe-are-told-rape-is-not-a?utm_term=.lmMmNv6vBq#.tgnEGvDv89

60 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/feb/28/refugee-women-and-children-beaten-raped-and-starved-in-libyan-hellholes

61 https://www.irinnews.org/investigations/2017/05/10/women-refugees-risk-sexual-assault-berlin-shelters

62 Ibid.

63 http://www.huffingtonpost.com/soraya-chemaly/women-and-disaster-relief_b_5697868.html

64 http://odihpn.org/magazine/linking-food-security-food-assistance-and-protection-from-gender-based-violence-wfp%C2%92s-experience/

65 https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2018/02/17/oxfam-warned-decade-ago-crisis-sex-abuse-among-worlds-aid-workers/

66 https://wssagwales.files.wordpress.com/2012/10/asawoman.pdf

67 https://phys.org/news/2017–04-uk-hidden-homeless-lone-women.html

68 https://www.theguardian.com/society/2017/dec/14/homelessness-women-seeking-support-outnumber-men-for-first-time?CMP=share_btn_tw

69 https://phys.org/news/2017–04-uk-hidden-homeless-lone-women.html

70 http://www.feantsa.org/download/feantsa-ejh-11–1_a1-v045913941269604492255.pdf

71 https://www.policyalternatives.ca/publications/commentary/fast-facts-4-things-know-about-women-and-homelessness-canada

72 http://www.feantsa.org/download/feantsa-ejh-11–1_a1-v045913941269604492255.pdf

73 https://phys.org/news/2017–04-uk-hidden-homeless-lone-women.html

74 https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2017/apr/19/sex-rent-logical-extension-leaving-housing-to-market

75 https://www.policyalternatives.ca/publications/commentary/fast-facts-4-things-know-about-women-and-homelessness-canada

76 http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/088626001016008001

77 https://www.bustle.com/articles/190092-this-is-how-homeless-women-cope-with-their-periods

78 https://www.theguardian.com/housing-network/2016/aug/22/sex-in-return-for-shelter-homeless-women-face-desperate-choices-government-theresa-may

79 https://www.telegraph.co.uk/women/womens-health/11508497/TheHomelessPeriod-Campaign-for-homeless-women-to-have-free-tampons.html

80 http://thehomelessperiod.com/

81 https://www.change.org/p/help-the-homeless-on-their-period-thehomelessperiod/u/19773587

82 https://www.thecut.com/2016/06/nyc-will-provide-tampons-in-schools-shelters.html

83 http://www.unhcr.org/uk/news/latest/2008/4/4815db792/corporate-gift-highlights-sanitation-problems-faced-female-refugees.html; http://www.reuters.com/article/us-womens-day-refugees-periods-feature-idUSKBN16F1UU

84 https://www.womensrefugeecommission.org/images/zdocs/Refugee-Women-on-the-European-Route.pdf; https://www.globalone.org.uk/wpcontent/uploads/2017/03/SYRIA-REPORT-FINAL-ONLINE.pdf; https://globalone.org.uk/2017/05/a-14-year-olds-heart-wrenching-tale/

85 http://www.ifrc.org/en/news-and-media/news-stories/africa/burundi/upholding-women-and-girls-dignity-managing-menstrual-hygiene-in-emergency-situations-62536/

86 January 2016, https://www.womensrefugeecommission.org/images/zdocs/Refugee-Women-on-the-European-Route.pdf; http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/11/world/asia/effort-to-help-filipino-women-falters-un-says.html

87 http://www.ifrc.org/en/news-and-media/news-stories/africa/burundi/upholding-women-and-girls-dignity-managing-menstrual-hygiene-in-emergency-situations-62536/

88 http://www.reuters.com/article/us-womens-day-refugees-periods-feature-idUSKBN16F1UU

89 https://www.globalone.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/SYRIA-REPORT-FINAL-ONLINE.pdf

Afterword

1   http://discovermagazine.com/2006/mar/knit-theory

2   http://www.cabinetmagazine.org/issues/16/crocheting.php

3   https://www.brainpickings.org/2009/04/24/margaret-wertheim-institute-for-figuring/

4   http://discovermagazine.com/2006/mar/knit-theory

5   Ibid.

6   http://www.cabinetmagazine.org/issues/16/crocheting.php

7   https://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/11/nyregion/professor-lets-her-fingers-do-the-talking.html

8   Cikara, Mina and Fiske, Susan T. (2009), ‘Warmth, competence, and ambivalent sexism: Vertical assault and collateral damage’, in Barreto, Manuela, Ryan, Michelle K. and Schmitt, Michael T. (eds.), The glass ceiling in the 21st century: Understanding barriers to gender equality, Washington DC

9   https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs00004-000-0015-0.pdf

10 https://www.wired.com/2008/06/pb-theory/

11 http://womenintvfilm.sdsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/2016_Celluloid_Ceiling_Report.pdf

12 http://wmc.3cdn.net/dcdb0bcb4b0283f501_mlbres23x.pdf

13 http://www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/history/2016/01/popular_history_why_are_so_many_history_books_about_men_by_men.html?via=gdpr-consent#methodology

14 https://www.historians.org/publications-and-directories/perspectives-onhistory/may-2010/what-the-data-reveals-about-women-historians

15 https://www.historians.org/publications-and-directories/perspectives-on-history/december-2015/the-rise-and-decline-of-history-specializations-over-the-past-40-years

16 http://duckofminerva.com/2015/08/new-evidence-on-gender-bias-in-irsyllabi.html

17 https://www.theguardian.com/world/2004/jan/23/gender.uk

18 Sex Discrimination Law Review (January 2018), www.fawcettsociety.org.uk

19 Nielsen, Mathias Wullum, Andersen, Jens Peter, Schiebinger, Londa and Schneider, Jesper W. (2017), ‘One and a half million medical papers reveal a link between author gender and attention to gender and sex analysis’, Nature Human Behaviour, 1, 791–6

20 https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2017/7/18/15991020/3-gop-women-tank-obamacare-repeal

21 Ransby, B. (2006), ‘Katrina, Black Women, and the Deadly Discourse on Black Poverty in America’, Du Bois Review: Social Science Research on Race, 3:1, 215–22, DOI:10.1017/S1742058X06060140

22 https://grist.org/article/hurricane-maria-hit-women-in-puerto-rico-the-hardest-and-theyre-the-ones-building-it-back/

23 https://www.vogue.com/projects/13542078/puerto-rico-after-hurricane-maria-2/