CHUNGKING
August 1944
The pilot, Flight Lieutenant Joe Caine of RAF Transport Command, was tired, frozen to the bone, his hands clamped to the control column. He eased it forward and took the plane down, emerging from low cloud at three thousand feet into driving rain.
The aircraft ploughing its way through heavy cloud and thunderstorm was a Douglas DC3, the famous Dakota, as much a workhorse for the American Air Force as for the RAF who together operated them out of the Assam airfields of north India, flying supplies to Chiang Kai-shek’s Chinese Army. On their way they had to negotiate the infamous Hump, as it was known to Allied aircrews, the Himalayan mountains, trying to survive in some of the worst flying conditions in the world.
‘There she is, Skipper,’ the second pilot said. ‘Dead ahead. Three miles.’
‘And the usual lousy black-out,’ Caine said, which was true enough. The inhabitants of Chungking were notoriously lazy in that respect and there were lights all over the place.
‘Well, here we go,’ he said.
‘Message from control tower,’ the wireless operator called from behind.
Caine switched on to VHF and called the tower. ‘Sugar Nan here. Is there a problem?’
‘Priority traffic coming in. Please go round,’ a neutral voice said.
‘For God’s sake,’ Caine replied angrily, ‘I’ve just clocked one thousand miles over the Hump. We’re tired, cold and almost out of fuel.’
‘VIP traffic to starboard and below you. Go round. Please acknowledge.’ The voice was firm.
The second pilot looked out of the side, then turned. ‘About five hundred feet below, Skipper. Another Dakota. A Yank from the look of it.’
‘All right,’ Caine said wearily and banked to port.
The man who stood on the porch of the Station Commander’s office staring up into the rain, listening to the sound of the first Dakota coming in, wore the uniform of a Vice-Admiral of the Royal Navy, a trenchcoat over his shoulders. His name was Lord Louis Mountbatten and he was cousin to the King of England. A highly decorated war hero, he was also Supreme Allied Commander Southeast Asia.
The American General in steel-rimmed spectacles who emerged behind him, pausing to light a cigarette, was General ‘Vinegar Joe’ Stilwell, Mountbatten’s deputy and also Chief of Staff to Chiang Kai-shek. The greatest expert on China of anyone in the Allied forces, Stilwell was also fluent in Cantonese.
He perched on the rail. ‘Well, here he comes, the great Chairman Mao.’
‘What happened to Chiang Kai-shek?’ Mountbatten asked.
‘Found an excuse to go up-country. It’s no use, Louis, Mao and Chiang will never get together. They both want the same thing.’
‘China?’ Mountbatten said.
‘Exactly.’
‘Yes, well, I’d like to remind you this isn’t the Pacific, Joe. Twenty-five Jap divisions in China and, since the start of their April offensive, they’ve been winning. No one knows that better than you. We need Mao and his Communist Army. It’s as simple as that.’
They watched the Dakota land. Stilwell said, ‘The Washington viewpoint is simple. We’ve given enough lend-lease to Chiang.’
‘And what have we got for it?’ Mountbatten asked. ‘He sits on his backside doing nothing, saving his ammunition and equipment for the civil war with the Communists when the Japs are beaten.’
‘A civil war he’ll probably win,’ Stilwell said.
‘Do you really think so?’ Mountbatten shook his head. ‘You know, in the West Mao and his people are looked upon as agrarian revolutionaries, that all they want is land for the peasants.’
‘And you don’t agree?’
‘Frankly, I think they’re more Communist than the Russians. I think they could well drive Chiang Kai-shek out of mainland China and take over after the war.’
‘An interesting thought,’ Stilwell told him, ‘but if you’re talking about making friends and influencing people, that’s up to you. Washington won’t play. Fresh supplies of arms and ammunition must come from your people, not American sources. We’ll have a big enough problem handling Japan after the war. China is your baby.’
The Dakota came towards them and stopped. A couple of waiting ground crew wheeled steps forward and waited for the door to open.
‘So you don’t think I’m asking dear old Mao too much?’
‘Hell, no!’ Stilwell laughed. ‘To be honest, Louis, if he agrees, I don’t see how you’ll be getting very much in return for all that aid you intend to give him.’
‘Better than nothing, old sport, especially if he agrees.’
The door swung open; a young Chinese officer emerged. A moment later Mao Tse-tung appeared. He paused for a moment, looking towards them, wearing only a simple uniform and cap with the red star, then he started down the steps.
Mao Tse-tung, Chairman of the Chinese Communist Party, was at that time fifty-one, a brilliant politician, a master of guerrilla warfare and a soldier of genius. He was also the implacable foe of Chiang Kai-shek and the two sides had been engaged in open warfare instead of taking on the Japanese together.
In the office he sat behind the Station Commander’s desk, the young officer behind him. To one side of Mountbatten and Stilwell stood a British Army Major. His left eye was covered by a black eye-patch and the badge in his cap was that of the Highland Light Infantry. A Corporal wearing the bonnet of the same regiment stood against the wall behind him, a cardboard office file under his left arm.
Stilwell said in fluent Cantonese, ‘I’ll be happy to translate for these proceedings, Chairman Mao.’
Mao sat facing him, face enigmatic, then said in excellent English, an ability he seldom advertised, ‘General, my time is limited.’ Stilwell stared at him in astonishment and Mao said to Mountbatten, ‘Who is this officer and the man with him?’
Mountbatten said, ‘Major Ian Campbell, Chairman, one of my aides. The Corporal is his batman. Their regiment is the Highland Light Infantry.’
‘Batman?’ Mao enquired.
‘A soldier servant,’ Mountbatten explained.
‘Ah, I see.’ Mao nodded enigmatically and turned to Campbell. ‘The Highlands of Scotland, am I right? A strange people. The English put you to the sword, turned your people off their land and yet you go to war for them.’
Ian Campbell said, ‘I am a Highlander, flesh and bone, a thousand years behind me, Laird of Loch Dhu Castle and all around, like my father and his before me, and if the English need a helping hand now and then, why not?’
Mao actually smiled and turned to Mountbatten. ‘I like this man. You should lend him to me.’
‘Not possible, Chairman.’
Mao shrugged. ‘Then to business. I have little time. I must make the return journey in no more than thirty minutes. What do you offer me?’
Mountbatten glanced at Stilwell who shrugged and the Admiral said to Mao, ‘Our American friends are not able to offer arms and ammunition to you and your forces.’
‘But everything the Generalissimo needs they will supply?’ Mao asked.
He stayed surprisingly calm and Mountbatten said, ‘I believe I have a solution. What if the RAF flew in ten thousand tons a month over the Hump to Kunming, assorted weapons, ammunition and so forth.’
Mao selected a cigarette from an old silver case and the young officer lit it for him. The Chairman blew out a long plume of smoke. ‘And what would I have to do for such munificence?’
‘Something’ Mountbatten said. ‘I mean, we have to have something. That’s only fair.’
‘And what would you have in mind?’
Mountbatten lit a cigarette himself, walked to the open door and looked out at the rain. He turned. ‘The Hong Kong Treaty, the lease to Britain. It expires 1 July 1997.’
‘So?’
‘I’d like you to extend it by one hundred years.’
There was a long silence. Mao leaned back and blew smoke to the ceiling. ‘My friend, I think the rains have driven you a little crazy. Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek rules China, the Japanese permitting, of course.’
‘But the Japanese will go,’ Mountbatten said.
‘And then?’
The room was very quiet. Mountbatten turned and nodded. The Corporal clicked his heels and passed the file to Major Campbell who opened it and took out a document which he passed across the desk to the Chairman.
‘This is not a treaty but a covenant,’ Mountbatten said. ‘The Chungking Covenant, I call it. If you will read it and approve it with your signature above mine, you will agree to extend, if you ever control China, the Hong Kong Treaty by a hundred years. In exchange, His Majesty’s Government will supply you with all your military needs.’
Mao Tse-tung examined the document, then glanced up. ‘Have you a pen, Lord Mountbatten?’
It was the Corporal who supplied one, moving in quickly. Mao signed the document. Major Campbell produced three more copies and laid them on the table. Mao signed each one, Mountbatten countersigned.
He handed the pen back to the Corporal and stood up. ‘A good night’s work,’ he said to Mountbatten, ‘but now I must go.’
He started for the door and Mountbatten said, ‘A moment, Mr Chairman, you’re forgetting your copy of the covenant.’
Mao turned. ‘Later,’ he said. ‘When it has been countersigned by Churchill.’
Mountbatten stared at him. ‘Churchill?’
‘But of course. Naturally this should not delay the flow of arms, but I do look forward to receiving my copy signed by the man himself. Is there a problem?’
‘No.’ Mountbatten pulled himself together. ‘No, of course not.’
‘Good. And now, I must go. There is work to do, gentlemen.’
He went out and down the steps followed by the young officer, crossed to the Dakota and climbed in. The door was closed, the steps wheeled away, the plane started to taxi and Stilwell burst into laughter.
‘God help me, that’s the weirdest thing I’ve seen in years. He certainly is a character. What are you going to do?’
‘Send the damn thing to London for Churchill’s signature, of course.’ Mountbatten turned back in the entrance and said to Major Campbell, ‘Ian, I’m going to give you a chance to have dinner at the Savoy. I want you on your way to London as soon as possible with a dispatch from me for the Prime Minister. Did I hear another plane land?’
‘Yes, sir, a Dakota from Assam.’
‘Good. Give orders for it to be refuelled and turned around.’ Mountbatten glanced at the Corporal. ‘You can take Tanner with you.’
‘Fine, sir.’
Campbell shuffled the papers to put them in the file and Mountbatten said, ‘Three copies. One for Mao, another for the Prime Minister and the third for President Roosevelt. Didn’t I sign four?’
‘I took the liberty of making an extra copy, sir, just in case of accidents,’ Campbell said.
‘Good man, Ian,’ Mountbatten nodded. ‘On your way then. Only one night out at the Savoy then straight back.’
‘Of course, sir.’
Campbell saluted and went out followed by Tanner. Stilwell lit a cigarette. ‘He’s a strange one, Campbell.’
‘Lost his eye at Dunkirk,’ Mountbatten said. ‘Got a well-earned Military Cross. Best aide I ever had.’
‘What’s all this Laird of Loch Dhu crap?’ Stilwell said. ‘You English are really crazy.’
‘Ah, but Campbell isn’t English, he’s Scots and, more than that, he’s a Highlander. As Laird of Loch Dhu he heads a sect of Clan Campbell and that, Joe, is a tradition that existed before the Vikings sailed to America.’
He walked to the door and stared out at the driving rain. Stilwell joined him. ‘Are we going to win, Louis?’
‘Oh, yes,’ Mountbatten nodded. ‘It’s what will come after that bothers me.’
In Campbell’s quarters, Tanner packed the Major’s holdall with military thoroughness while Campbell shaved. They had been together since boyhood, for Tanner’s father had been a gamekeeper on the Loch Dhu estate, and together they endured the shattering experience of Dunkirk. When Campbell had first worked for Mountbatten at Combined Operations Headquarters in London he had taken the Corporal with him as his batman. The move to Southeast Asia Command had followed that. But to Jack Tanner, a good soldier with a Military Medal for bravery in the field to prove it, Campbell would never be anything else but the Laird.
The Major came out of the bathroom drying his hands. He adjusted the black eye-patch and smoothed his hair then pulled on his tunic. ‘Got the briefcase, Jack?’
Tanner held it up. ‘The papers are inside, Laird.’
He always gave Campbell the title when they were alone. Campbell said, ‘Open it. Take out the fourth copy, the extra copy.’
Tanner did as he was told and passed it to him. The single sheet of paper was headed Supreme Allied Commander Southeast Asia Command. Mao had signed it, not only in English, but in Chinese, with Mountbatten countersigning.
‘There you are, Jack,’ Campbell said as he folded it. ‘Piece of history here. If Mao wins, Hong Kong will stay British until 1 July 2097.’
‘You think it will happen, Laird?’
‘Who knows? We’ve got to win the war first. Pass me my Bible, will you?’
Tanner went to the dresser where the Major’s toilet articles were laid out. The Bible was about six inches by four with a cover of embossed silver, a Celtic cross standing out clearly. It was very old. Campbells had carried it to war for many centuries. It had been found in the pocket of the Major’s ancestor who had died fighting against Bonnie Prince Charlie at Culloden. It had been recovered from the body of his uncle, killed on the Somme in 1916. Ian Campbell took it everywhere.
Tanner opened it. The inside of the Bible’s cover was also silver. He felt carefully with his nail, it sprang open, revealing a small hidden compartment. Campbell folded the sheet of paper to the appropriate size and fitted it in, closing the lid.
‘Top secret, Jack, only you and I know it’s there. Your Highland oath on it.’
‘You have it, Laird. Shall I put it in the holdall, Laird?’
‘No, I’ll carry it in my map pocket.’ There was a knock at the door, Tanner went to open it and Flight Lieutenant Caine stepped in. He was carrying heavy flying jackets and boots.
‘You’ll need these, sir. We’ll probably have to go as high as twenty thousand over part of the Hump. Bloody freezing up there.’
The young man looked tired, dark circles under his eyes. Campbell said, ‘I’m sorry about this. I know you’ve only just got in.’
‘That’s all right, sir. I carry a co-pilot, Pilot Officer Giffard. We can spell each other. We also have a navigator and wireless operator. We’ll make out.’ He smiled. ‘One can hardly say no to Lord Mountbatten. All the way to Delhi on this one I see?’
‘That’s right. Then onwards to London.’
‘Wish I was doing that leg of the trip.’ Caine opened the door and looked out at the rain. ‘Never stops, does it? What a bloody country. I’ll see you at the plane, sir.’ He went out.
Campbell said, ‘Right, Jack, let’s get moving.’
They pulled on the flying boots, the heavy sheepskin jackets. Finally ready, Tanner picked up his holdall and the Major’s.
‘On your way, Jack.’
Tanner moved out. Campbell glanced around the room, reached for his cap and put it on, then he picked up the Bible, put it in the map pocket of his flying jacket and fastened the flap. Strange, but he felt more than tired. It was as if he had reached the end of something. His Highland blood speaking again. He shrugged the feeling off, turned and went out into the rain, following Tanner to the Dakota.
To Kunming from Chungking was four hundred and fifty miles. They took the opportunity of refuelling and then pressed on to the most hazardous section of the trip, the five hundred and fifty miles over the Hump to the Assam airfields.
Conditions were appalling – heavy rain and thunderstorms and the kind of turbulence that threatened to break the plane up. Several hundred aircrew had died making this run over the past couple of years; Campbell knew that. It was probably the most hazardous flying duty in the RAF or the USAF. He wondered what persuaded men to volunteer for such work and, while thinking about it, actually managed some sleep, only surfacing as they came into their Assam destination to refuel.
The onward trip to Delhi was another eleven hundred miles and a completely different proposition. Blue skies, considerable heat and no wind to speak of. The Dakota coasted along at ten thousand feet and Caine left the flying to Giffard, came back and tried to get a couple of hours’ sleep.
Campbell dozed again and came awake to find the wireless operator shaking Caine by the shoulder. ‘Delhi in fifteen minutes, Skipper.’
Caine got up, yawning. He grinned at Campbell. ‘Piece of cake this leg, isn’t it?’
As he turned away there was an explosion. Pieces of metal flew off the port engine, there was thick black smoke and, as the propeller stopped turning, the Dakota banked and dived steeply, throwing Caine off his feet.
Campbell was hurled against the bulkhead behind with such force that he was almost knocked senseless. The result was that he couldn’t really take in what was happening. It was a kind of nightmare, as if the world was breaking up around him, the impact of the crash, the smell of burning and someone screaming.
He was aware of being in water, managed to focus his eyes and found himself being dragged through a paddy field by a wild-eyed Tanner, blood on his face. The Corporal heaved him on to a dyke then turned and hurried back, knee-deep in water, to the Dakota, which was burning fiercely now. When he was halfway there it blew up with a tremendous explosion.
Debris cascaded everywhere and Tanner turned and came back wearily. He eased the Major higher on the dyke and found a tin of cigarettes. His hand shook as he lit one.
‘Are we it?’ Campbell managed to croak.
‘So it would appear, Laird.’
‘Dear God.’ Campbell’s hands moved over his chest. ‘The Bible,’ he whispered.
‘Dinna fash yourself, Laird, I’ll hold it safe for you.’
Tanner took it from the map pocket and then all sounds faded for Campbell, all colour, nothing now but quiet darkness.
In Chungking Mountbatten and Stilwell were examining on the map the relentless progress of the advancing Japanese, who had already overrun most of the Allied airfields in eastern China.
‘I thought we were supposed to be winning the war,’ Stilwell said.
Mountbatten smiled ruefully. ‘So did I.’
Behind him, the door opened and an aide entered with a signal flimsy. ‘Sorry to bother you, sir, but this is from Delhi, marked urgent.’
Mountbatten read it then swore softly. ‘All right, you can go.’
The aide went out. Stilwell said, ‘Bad news?’
‘The Dakota Campbell was travelling in lost an engine and crashed just outside Delhi. It fireballed after landing. By all accounts the documents and my dispatches went with it.’
‘Is Campbell dead?’
‘No, that Corporal of his managed to get him out. All the crew were killed. It seems Campbell received a serious head injury. He’s in a coma.’
‘Let’s hope he hangs in there,’ Stilwell said. ‘Anyway, something of a set-back for you, your Chungking Covenant going up in flames. What will you do? Try to get Mao to sign another one?’
‘I doubt if I’ll ever get close enough to him again. It was always an “anything is better than nothing” situation. I didn’t really expect much to come out of it. Anyway, in my experience Chinese seldom give you a second bite at the cherry.’
‘I agree,’ Stilwell said. ‘In any case, the wily old bastard is probably already regretting putting his signature to that thing. But what about his supplies?’
‘Oh, we’ll see he gets those because I warn him actively on our side taking on the Japanese. The Hong Kong business was never serious, Joe. I thought we ought to get something out of the deal if we could and the Hong Kong thing was all that the Prime Minister and I could come up with. Not that it matters now, we’ve got far more serious things to consider.’ He walked back to the wall map. ‘Now, show me exactly where those Japanese forward units are.’