ILLUSTRATION CREDITS

p. 18	Private collection / Bridgeman Images.
p. 23	Private collection / Bridgeman Images.
p. 30	Reproduced from Cecil Roth, Venice (Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 1930).
p. 33	From Emmanuel Rodocanachi, Le Saint-Siège et les Juifs. Le ghetto à Rome (Paris, 1891). Bibliothèque Nationale de France.
p. 64	Lebrecht Music & Arts / Alamy Stock Photo.
p. 69	Bildarchiv der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek, Vienna.
p. 77	Bildagentur-online / UIG / Bridgeman Images.
p. 92	Lebrecht Authors / Bridgeman Images.
p. 100	Reproduced from Charles S. Bernheimer, ed., The Russian Jew in the United States (Philadelphia: John C. Winston, 1905).
p. 104	Private collection / Bridgeman Images.
p. 114	Reproduced from Robert E. Park, Ernest W. Burgess, and Roderick D. Mackenzie, The City (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1925), 55.
p. 116	Special Collections Research Center, University of Chicago Library.
p. 119	Reproduced from Maurice Fishberg, The Jews: A Study of Race and Environment (London: Walter Scott Publishing Co.; New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1911), 164.
p. 123	Author’s collection.
p. 124	David Rumsey Historical Map Collection.
p. 138	United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, courtesy of Stephen Glick.
p. 141	United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, courtesy of Frank Morgens.
p. 141	United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, courtesy of Leopold Page Photographic Collection.
p. 160	Courtesy of the Jacob Rader Marcus Center of the American Jewish Archives, Cincinnati, Ohio, at americanjewisharchives.org.
pp. 164,165	Source: Google Books Ngram Viewer, http//books.google.com/ngrams.