1. Bibliographic references for each of these reported events available on request. As discussed in chapter 4, all but a handful of these events are described in multiple sources. Wherever possible, I compared the Chinese and foreign sources when preparing the descriptions.
2. Although scholars such as Linda Benson and Ingvar Svanberg, and Michael Dillon report this event as established fact (Benson and Svanberg 1998:194–95; Dillon 2004, no. 949:68–69), James Millward expresses skepticism, since it was reported only in a Hong Kong magazine that regularly retails stories unflattering to the CCP. Millward raises three important objections: first, if as large as reported, it would have been one of the most serious antigovernment protests since 1949; second, news of a protest of the size proposed would almost certainly have traversed the border into Kazakhstan; and third, having reported the violent uprisings in Baren in 1990 and Ghulja in 1997, CCP officials would have had no obvious reason not to publicize this event as well (Millward 2007, no. 1640:329).
