Archaeological periods
Iron Age I 1200–1000 BC
Iron Age IIA 1000–925 BC
Iron Age IIB 925–721 BC
Iron Age IIC 721–586 BC
The casemate wall at Hazor. This wall, made of undressed stone, consists of two parallel walls, joined at determined intervals by perpendicular walls. (Author’s photograph, courtesy of Israel Nature and Parks Authority)
The royal houses of Israel and Judah (after W.F. Albright)
All dates refer to periods of rule.
The United Monarchy
Saul 1047–1007 BC
David 1007–967 BC
Solomon 971–931 BC
The Divided Kingdoms
Kings of Israel
Jeroboam 922–901 BC
Nadab 901–900 BC
Baasha 900–877 BC
Elah 877–876 BC
Zimri 876 BC
Omri 876–869 BC
Achab 869–850 BC
Ahaziah 850–849 BC
Jehoram 849–842 BC
Jehu 842–815 BC
Jehoahaz 815–801 BC
Jehoash 801–786 BC
Jeroboam II 786–746 BC
Zechariah 746–745 BC
Shallum 745 BC
Menahem 745–738 BC
Pekahiah 738–737 BC
Pekah 737–732 BC
Hoshea 732–722 BC
Kings of Judah
Rehoboam 922–915 BC
Abijah 915–913 BC
Asa 913–873 BC
Jehoshaphat 873–849 BC
Jehoram 849–842 BC
Ahaziah 842 BC
Athaliah 842–837 BC
Jehoash 837–800 BC
Amaziah 800–783 BC
Uzziah 783–742 BC
Jotham 742–735 BC
Ahaz 735–715 BC
Hezekiah 715–687 BC
Manasseh 687–642 BC
Amon 642–640 BC
Josiah 640–609 BC
Jehoahaz 609 BC
Jehoiakim 609–598 BC
Jehoiakin 598–597 BC
Zedekiah 597–587 BC
Header and stretcher sections from Megiddo. These consist of ashlar courses laid with their long side parallel to the line of the wall, while other courses are laid perpendicular to it, thus giving it much greater strength. (Author’s photograph, courtesy of Israel Nature and Parks Authority)