Pitfall #3: Subjunctive Tension,

or,

“Don’t Mince Words, Bones,
Tell Me What You Really Mean!”

Samuel R. Delany coined the term subjunctive tension, which is the difference between what you mean and what you actually say. In “realistic” fiction you can get away with a lot of metaphorical (not to say sloppy) phrasings that, in science fiction, can bring the reader up short.

Examples

His eyes fell to the floor.

(Boing! boing!)

She screwed up her face.

(To the ceiling? Owie!)

He ran through the door.

(Able to penetrate strong oak in a single bound!
Might one possibly mean the doorway?)

She strained her eyes through the viewscreen.

(My all-time fave.)