M

Machiavelli, Niccolò, 781

Madison, James, 128n, 129n, 192, 231, 232n, 299, 300n, 440n, 854

Maine, 36n, 124n, 190, 408, 473, 852, 857

Majorities, 181, 197, 211, 235, 257–58, 276, 364, 443, 450, 453–54;

and administrative instability, 286–88;

arbitrary power of, 291–92;

and associations, 216–22, 275;

and decentralized administration, 301–2;

despotism of, 288–318, 331, 492–93;

dislike of revolution by, 751–53;

and executive power, 136, 142, 149–50, 152, 155, 290–92;

and interests of public officials, 267;

and judicial power, 120, 125, 174, 284, 290–91, 331;

and juries, 311–18;

and lawyers, 302–11;

and legislative power, 133–34, 230, 283–84, 286–88, 290–92;

moral ascendancy of, 284–85;

and national character, 295–98;

opinions of, 757–58;

poor as, 240;

power over thought, 292–95, 491–92;

and religion, 508–9;

in republics, 456;

rights of, 283–85, 288

Malesherbes, Chrétien-Guillaume de Lamoignon de, 853–54

Malte-Brun, Conrad, 24n, 26n, 436n, 441n, 474n

Manchus, 26n

Manners, 663–66, 711–14. See also Mores

Manufacturing. See Industry

Maritime commerce, 438n, 444, 463–65, 467, 469–70, 515, 646, 853

Maritime law, 162–63, 169

Marriage, 336, 695–97, 699–702, 706, 732

Marshall, John, 35n, 48n, 263n

Mary II, 859

Maryland, 41n, 64, 290n, 402, 408, 844, 852

Massachusetts, 36n, 38, 41, 42n, 43n, 44, 48n, 68–78, 80–91, 94n, 124, 192, 218, 235n, 286n-87n, 325, 349, 397n, 408, 438n, 447n, 465, 839–40, 845–48, 852, 857–58, 860–61

Material well-being, 209, 503, 509, 516–18, 520, 617–22, 625–32, 635–38, 644–45, 732, 750–51, 782, 793, 801, 807n, 867

Mather, Cotton, 48n, 845–48

Maupeou, René de, 854–55

Mayflower Compact, 39–40

Mayors, 69n, 81

McCoy, Isaac, 387n

Memphis, Tennessee, 374

Metacom, 377n

Metempsychosis, 636

Mexico, 187, 193, 355, 385n, 387, 463, 471–72, 537

Mexico City, 537

Michigan, 351n, 439n, 444n

Middle Ages, 3–6, 47, 99, 118, 204, 237, 288, 303, 339, 379, 461, 467, 474, 607, 616, 656, 659, 672, 681, 726–29, 731, 733–34, 736–37, 790, 804n, 810

Middle class, 434, 618, 712, 748–49

Military. See Army; Navy

Militias. See State militias

Milton, John, 548, 864

Mines, 810n-11n

Minorities, 62, 217, 219–20, 222, 284–85, 288, 299, 450. See also Majorities

Mississippi, 380n, 386n, 450, 852, 857

Mississippi River, 22–24, 26, 28–29, 58, 372n, 374–75, 376n, 380, 387, 389n, 398, 399n, 400n, 428, 430, 435, 437–39, 444n, 471, 647, 835

Missouri, 437n, 851–52

Missouri River, 23, 339, 413, 471

Mixed government, 289

Mixed race, 380–81, 391, 395–96, 411–12, 418

Mohammed, 106, 504

Mohicans, 371

Molière (Jean-Baptiste Poquelin), 294

Monarchy, 46–47, 305, 456, 458, 460–61, 464;

absolute, 47, 98, 109, 118, 131–32, 145, 154, 234–36, 256, 292–94, 296–99, 302, 584;

benefits of, 8–9, 145, 256;

and centralized power, 801–2, 823;

constitutional, 138–43, 146, 236–37;

in England, 138, 304;

in France, 4–5, 10, 98, 109, 118–19, 121, 131–32, 138–42, 244n, 269, 284–85, 304, 363, 423, 459, 854–55;

longevity of, 181;

prestige/honor of, 360–62;

and public expenditures, 238, 242

Mongols, 26n, 381

Monroe, James, 440n

Montaigne, Michel de, 611

Montesquieu, baron de (Charles-Louis de Secondat), 106, 279n, 460

Monuments, 536–37, 743

Moors, 413

Moral ascendancy of majorities, 284–85, 293

Morality, 12–13, 43, 49, 80, 89, 115, 156–57, 166, 199, 274, 361, 391, 402, 431–32, 610, 621, 633, 637, 725, 732;

and equality, 698–708;

and political corruption, 251–53;

and religion, 335–37, 340

Mores: and democracy, 331, 353–59, 364;

and equality, 655–59, 698–708;

and manners, 663–66, 711–14;

and slavery, 395–97, 405, 433–34

Morris, Gouverneur, 128n

Morris, Robert, 128n

Morton, Nathaniel, 37–39, 845

Movable property, 246–47, 749–50, 752, 759, 782, 793, 809

Mulattos, 411–12

N

Napoleon Bonaparte, 314, 686n, 773, 783, 798, 854

Narragansetts, 371

National Calendar, 141n

National capital, 320–21, 437, 439, 536, 781, 783

National character, 32–33, 295–98, 315, 444, 466–67

National government, 176–78, 188, 450

National pride, 719–21, 866

National wealth, 246–47, 249–50

Natural inequality, 519

Native Americans. See Indians

Negroes, 15n, 35, 53, 291n, 320n, 365–70, 392–419, 430, 432–34, 438, 727;

emancipation of, 397, 404, 409–10, 416–18;

in European colonies, 659;

free(d), 291n, 320n, 367, 395, 398n, 404–5, 409–10, 415n, 416–17, 675;

importation from Africa, 394, 397, 404, 408, 414–15;

interbreeding with, 395–96, 411–12, 418;

revolts by, 752;

sale of, 400n, 404, 415n, 418;

transportation to Africa, 414–15

Netherlands, 35n, 38, 175, 177n, 426n

Neutrality, 259–62

New England, 224, 407, 425n;

arbitrary power of officials, 235–36;

democracy in, 37, 40, 45, 52, 228, 355–56;

documents about, 844–50;

education in, 46–47, 63, 349, 369n;

equality in, 52;

Indians in, 371, 377n, 378;

legal tradition of, 42–46, 50–51;

liberty in, 37, 40–41, 43–45, 48–49;

local institutions, 68–78, 80–91, 100;

Negroes in, 397, 408;

political tradition of, 36–37, 39–41, 44–46, 48–52, 228;

religion in, 37–40, 43–44, 47–49, 332, 339;

servants in, 675;

settlement of, 36–42, 52, 332, 842, 845–49;

settlers from, 325, 354, 864;

witchcraft trials, 848;

women in, 697. See also North

New England Confederation, 842

New England Courant, 858

New Hampshire, 36n, 165n, 849, 852, 857

New Haven, Connecticut, 39n, 41, 43

New Jersey, 41n, 852

New Orleans, Louisiana, 312n, 320, 399n, 400n

New words, 547–49, 552–53

New York, 41n, 57, 69n, 90–91, 93–94, 95n, 134, 150n, 174, 245n, 320n-21n, 327, 338, 341n, 397n, 399n, 404, 408, 428, 435, 438n, 439–40, 447n, 534, 840–41, 849, 851–52, 857, 860–61

New York City, 320n-21n, 399n, 463, 534

Newspapers, 204–14, 216–17, 237, 349–50, 380, 444n, 449, 539, 858;

and associations, 600–3;

in England, 602;

and equality, 824–25;

in France, 207–11, 602;

and liberty, 825

North, 34–36, 41n, 440;

character in, 432–34;

and commerce, 429–30, 437–38, 449–50, 469;

democracy in, 228, 355–56;

servants in, 675;

settlers from, 444, 647;

and slavery, 395–98, 401, 404, 406–14, 415n, 416–17;

support of tariffs, 201, 218. See also New England

North America, 6, 14, 21–29, 32–34, 36, 322–23, 327, 354, 365–70, 381n, 391n, 413–15, 442, 468, 471–75, 835–36, 843

North Carolina, 41n, 341n, 408n, 430, 438n, 441n, 447n, 450, 844, 851–52, 856–57

Nullification Ordinance (South Carolina), 218–19, 441n, 450–52, 454

O

Occupations: industrial, 644–48;

respectable, 642–43

Ohio, 90–91, 188n, 243n, 326, 398–401, 439n, 440, 852, 857, 860–61

Ohio River, 23, 28, 380, 398–401

Oratory, 561–62, 574–78

Osages, 376n

P

Pacific Ocean, 21–22, 26, 365, 376

Painting, 534–35, 539

Pantheism, 512–13

Paris, 666, 835, 850

Parlement (France), 118–19, 855

Parlement de Paris, 111

Parliament (England), 113–14, 120–21, 123, 577–78, 855–56

Parties, political, 122, 151–52, 186, 198–204, 212, 216–19, 221, 275, 446, 538, 783–84. See also Political associations

Pascal, Blaise, 226, 525, 615, 740

Paternal authority, 685–89, 696, 701–2, 818

Patriotism, 76, 105–7, 127, 154, 172, 177, 180, 184, 189, 269–72, 297, 339, 424, 430, 444, 446, 593, 631, 719–20, 729

Peace, 761, 763–65, 769, 771–74, 776, 779, 867

Penal laws, 42–44, 50, 121–22, 314, 658–59, 708

Penn, William, 371, 850

Pennsylvania, 41n, 90–91, 95–96, 218, 248n, 257, 278n, 291n, 320n-21n, 329–30, 402, 408, 428, 435n, 438n, 473, 849–50, 852, 857

Pequots, 371

Perfectibility, human, 514–15

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 218, 248n, 257, 320n-21n

Philip II of Macedon, 177n

Philip IV, 853

Philosophical beliefs, sources of, 489–93

Philosophical method, 483–88

Philosophical opinions, 431–32

Pilgrims, 37–40, 848

Pitkin, Timothy, 41n, 45n

Place-hunting, 745–46

Plato, 636, 716

Platte River, 835

Plutarch, 526, 729–30, 778

Plymouth, Massachusetts, 38, 41, 848

Poetry, 516, 554–62

Poland, 144, 148, 334–35

Police, 108

Political activity, pervasiveness of, 277–82

Political associations, 10, 204, 215–23, 595, 604–9. See also Parties, political

Political corruption, 153–54, 170, 251–53, 267–78

Political debates, 561–62, 574–78

Political ideas, general nature of, 499–500

Political judgments, 120–25

Political laws, 44–46, 63, 310, 313–14

Political nature of juries, 311–18

Political nature of religion, 332–47

Political parties. See Parties, political

Political rights, 270–75, 279

Popular sovereignty, 33, 60–65, 72–73, 77, 95, 197, 207–8, 314–15, 458, 790, 819–20

Population factors, 371, 380n, 387, 399, 405n, 408, 415, 434–42, 472–75, 536

Portugal, 467–68

Postal service, 350n-51n, 444

Potomac River, 428, 437

Poverty, 239–41, 244, 245n, 250n, 251, 273, 276, 333, 350, 618–19, 651, 683–84, 748, 806–7

Prairies, 23, 26, 339, 372n, 835

Prejudices, racial, 394–97, 403, 411

Presidents: appointments of, 135–36, 140–41, 146, 152, 154, 159;

as commander-in-chief, 141, 191–92;

constitutional role, 136–55;

election/term of office, 136, 139, 143–55, 174;

as executor of laws, 139;

and foreign affairs, 135–36, 140–42, 147–48, 259, 263;

impeachment of, 121, 123–24;

limited powers of, 138–46, 152, 174, 455;

reelection, 153–55;

relationship with Congress, 136–37, 139, 142–43, 146, 155;

relationship with Supreme Court, 159, 170;

salary of, 244n, 643;

veto power of, 137, 155, 174. See also individual presidents

Press, freedom of, 205–14, 216–17, 824–25, 858

Pride, 719–21, 743–44, 866

Primogeniture, law of, 55, 325

Prisons, 77, 287–88

Property. See Industrial property; Landed property; Movable property

Property qualifications, 63–64, 852, 859

Property rights, 273, 808

Proprietors, colonial, 41

Prosecutors, 87–88

Prostitution, 702

Protestantism, 6, 37, 43n, 332–33, 458–59, 510, 692, 805. See also Puritans

Proud, Robert, 850

Providence, Rhode Island, 39n, 41

Provincial institutions, 108–10

Prussia, 177n

Public documents, 237, 247, 842–50

Public expenditures, 238–51

Public good: and self-interest, 610–13;

versus individualism, 590–94

Public holidays, 245

Public land, 188n, 447–48

Public officials: arbitrary power of, 291–92;

corruption of, 252–53, 267–68;

election of, 824;

interests of, 266–68;

lawyers as, 309–10;

local, 69–71, 75, 81–83, 86–87, 92–93;

and place-hunting, 745–46;

power of, 234–37, 266, 460;

removal from office, 856–57;

salaries of, 136–37, 233–34, 242–45, 250n, 284;

and uniforms, 232–33

Public opinion, 140, 170, 201, 205, 207–8, 212–14, 218, 290, 296, 310, 346, 363, 395, 397n, 456, 491–92, 508–9, 606, 642, 670, 674, 695–96, 700–2, 731–36, 757–58, 767, 866

Public spirit, 74–77, 184, 269–72

Puritans, 37, 39–40, 50, 322, 332, 378, 516, 518, 567, 839, 845–49

Q

Quakers, 43n, 291n, 850

Quapaws, 376n

R

Race: conflict over, 412–14, 416, 419, 430, 752;

and democracy, 365, 411, 419;

mixed, 380–81, 391, 395–96, 411–12, 418;

prejudice, 394–97, 403, 411;

and religion, 393, 396, 402, 419;

and slavery, 394, 418–19. See also Indians; Negroes

Racine, Jean, 564

Railroads, 401, 647

Rape, 708

Raphael (Raffaello Sanzio), 534

Rash behavior, 716–18

Real property. See Landed property

Red River, 22–23, 835

Reform Bill (England), 859

Religion, 33, 250n, 274, 361, 431, 474;

causes of power, 340–47;

clergy and politics, 341–42, 344, 508–9, 637;

and democracy, 12–14, 332–47, 501–9, 558–59, 623–24, 633–37;

and despotism, 106;

direct influence on politics, 332–35;

and equality, 6–7, 12, 332–33, 496, 503–8;

government controls on, 805;

indirect influence on politics, 335–40;

and liberty, 338–41;

and material well-being, 623–24, 633–37;

and mores, 336–37;

in New England, 37–40, 43–44, 47–49, 332, 339;

no dominant sect, 202, 508;

pantheism, 512–13;

and poetry, 555, 558–59;

and race, 393, 396, 402, 419;

republican aspects of, 458–59;

Sabbath observance, 839–41;

and self-interest, 614–16;

spiritualism, 623–24, 636–37;

state, 637;

and thought, 337–38, 486–87;

and women, 692, 695. See also individual faiths and sects

Renaissance, 485, 534–35, 539

Rent, 679–81, 859

Representative government, 41n, 45–46, 64–65, 69, 109, 172, 197, 240–41, 284, 591–92

Republican party, 199–201

Republics: government of, 456–60;

small versus large, 179–85

Restlessness of spirit, 625–28, 751, 763–67, 769–71, 773

Revolution, 77, 140, 198–99, 208, 210, 213, 231, 233, 258, 276, 303, 361, 460, 523, 784, 813, 827–28;

democratic, 3, 6–8, 14–15, 479–80, 487, 524, 588–89, 593, 676–78, 680–81, 703–4, 713, 738–39, 780, 798, 802, 814–15;

in democratic nations, 828;

intellectual, 754–59;

military, 764–67, 769, 771, 867;

rarity of, 747–60;

by slaves, 752;

violent, 798, 801. See also American Revolution; French Revolution

Revolution of 1830 (France), 140, 854

Rhode Island, 36n, 39n, 41, 45n, 150n, 299, 852

Rice, 406n, 429–30

Richards, Benjamin, 248n

Rights, 272–75

Roads, 250n, 444n, 448, 810

Rocky Mountains, 22–24, 373, 430, 436n, 437, 835

Rome, 28n, 146, 263, 279n, 324, 349, 363, 381, 393–94, 417, 461, 470, 496, 505, 528, 537, 539, 545–46, 548–49, 564, 571–72, 624, 659, 672, 685, 729–30, 766, 778, 816–17

Russia, 441n, 471, 475–76, 778

S

Sabbath, observance of, 839–41

Saint Francis River, 23

Saint Lawrence River, 26, 471

Saint Pierre River, 23

Saint-Simonianism, 519

Salaries, of public officials, 136–37, 233–34, 242–45, 250n, 284

Santo Domingo, 36

Saulnier, Sébastien L., 104n

Savings institutions, 806–7

Science, 4–5, 348, 516–29

Selectmen, 70–71, 80n, 81n, 86, 235, 236n

Self-interest, 610–16, 630, 679

Senate, U.S., 132, 451;

composition of, 133–34, 163n;

election/term of office, 135, 173, 230, 259n;

election of president, 150;

elitism of, 229–30;

impeachment, 121–24, 135;

ratification of treaties/appointments, 135–36, 140n, 159, 259

Senate (Rome), 146

Sergeant, Thomas, 156n, 860

Seriousness, 715–18

Servants, 643, 652, 669–78

Sévigné, Marie de, 657–58

Shakespeare, William, 538, 864

Sheriffs, 77, 85, 859

Shipping, 438n, 444, 463–65, 467, 469–70, 515, 646, 853

Slavery, 12–13, 261, 363, 490, 631, 781, 830;

abolition of, 394–97, 402, 404–10, 412, 416;

in antiquity, 496;

and congressional apportionment, 133n;

cruelty of, 659;

effect on character, 432–34, 438;

and emancipation, 397, 404, 409–10, 416–18;

in European colonies, 659;

history of, 393–94, 418–19;

importation from Africa, 394, 397, 404, 408, 414–15;

of Indians, 322;

of Negroes, 15n, 35, 53, 366–69, 394–419, 430, 432–34, 659, 675, 730n;

revolts, 752;

and transportation to Africa, 414–15

Small republics, 179–85

Smith, John, 35n, 843

Smith, William, 849

Smuggling, 853

Social relations, 655–68

Social revolution, 3, 6–8, 14–15

Social state: democratic nature of, 52–59;

political consequences of, 60–61

Socrates, 636

South, 34–35, 41n, 444;

agriculture in, 397, 399, 400n, 402n, 407, 429–30, 441, 450, 647;

aristocracy in, 53, 63–64, 403, 434;

character in, 432–34;

and commerce, 429–30, 437–38, 469;

democracy in, 229;

education in, 349;

hostile attitude of, 440–41;

Indian tribes in, 380;

slavery in, 396–98, 400n, 401–4, 406–14, 415n, 416–19, 430, 432–34, 438, 675;

support of free trade, 201, 208

South America, 6, 24–25, 32, 183, 259, 261, 322, 353–54, 387, 391n, 467–68, 835

South Carolina, 41n, 218–19, 341n, 408, 430, 438n, 441, 447n, 450–52, 844, 851–52, 857, 861

Southwest. See West

Sovereignty: federal versus state, 187–89, 218, 420–27, 445–47, 449–53, 455;

popular, 33, 60–65, 72–73, 77, 95, 197, 207–8, 314–15, 458, 790, 819–20

Spain, 34, 131–32, 259, 295, 353, 391, 406, 413, 463, 467–68, 471, 537

Spinoza, Baruch, 339

Spirit, freedom of, 292–95

Spiritualism, 623–24, 636–37

State banks, 449

State budgets, 247–48, 249n

State constitutions, 64n, 78, 84n, 94, 123–24, 132, 171–75, 283, 286, 310, 856–57, 859

State courts, 95, 157–58, 160–62, 169, 174–75, 187, 386, 859–61

State Department, U.S., 244n

State government, 66, 73–75, 78, 82, 93–97, 99–101, 161, 177, 251, 386–89, 454, 457–58, 784n, 823;

compared with federal government, 171–75, 183–84, 283n, 299n, 420–27, 445–47, 449–53, 455;

constitutional role, 128–31, 134–35, 164;

Indian policy, 387–89, 447;

majorities in, 283–302

State laws, 94–96, 131, 164, 167–68, 173–74, 187–88, 286, 389n, 417, 790, 860–61

State legislatures, 94–96, 99–100, 135, 165n, 172–74, 183, 187, 230, 259n, 283–84, 310, 386, 856

State militias, 45, 96, 191–92, 249n, 452, 852

State religions, 637

Steamboats, 444

Stith, William, 35n, 844

Story, Joseph, 41n, 127n, 129n, 130n, 131n, 133n, 135n, 136n, 156n, 160n, 161n, 162n, 165n, 312n, 389n, 860

Suffrage, 44–45, 236;

for free(d) Negroes, 291n, 396;

and freedom of association, 221;

and freedom of press, 207;

and popular sovereignty, 62–64;

and respect for law, 275–77;

universal, 64, 207, 221, 224–27, 229–30, 240–41, 275–76, 314–15;

voting requirements, 852, 859. See also Elections

Sugar cane, 400n, 407, 429–30, 647

Suicides, 628

Sulla, Lucius Cornelius, 766

Supreme Court, U.S., 129, 131, 162n, 312n;

appointment to, 158–59;

jurisdiction of, 159–60;

power of, 168–71;

relationship with Congress, 159, 170;

relationship with president, 159, 170

Susquehanna River, 428

Switzerland, 175, 177n, 190, 436n, 780–81

T

Tacitus, Cornelius, 379

Tanner, John, 382n-83n

Tariff Convention of 1831, 218–19

Tariffs, 201, 218–19, 441, 449–53, 853

Tartars, 26n, 550

Taxes, 44, 46–47, 71, 74, 85, 100, 131, 167, 254, 427, 806, 852;

in democracies, 239–42;

determining amounts of, 246–51;

revolts concerning, 657–58

Technology, 517, 523, 526–28

Temperance societies, 278n, 599

Tenant farmers, 679–81

Tennessee, 92n, 341n, 374, 380n, 851–52, 857, 861

Terence, 393n

Texas, 385n, 472

Theater, 563–68

Thebais, 624

Thought: and democracy, 348–52, 486, 498, 523–24;

effect of democracy on language, 547–53;

and equality, 487, 490–92, 497–98, 500;

general ideas, 494–500;

history, 569–73;

literature, 516–21, 538–46, 554–68;

majority’s power over, 292–95;

meditation for science, 523–25;

oratory, 561–62, 574–78;

philosophical method, 483–88;

philosophical opinions, 431–32;

religion’s power over, 337–38, 486–87;

sources of belief, 489–93

Tobacco, 402n, 407, 429–30, 442n

Toll roads, 250n

Towns: administration of, 80–94, 97;

budgets for, 248, 249n;

community spirit in, 74–77, 184;

government of, 69–71, 76, 78, 100–1, 301–2, 359;

independence of, 67–68, 72–74;

size of, 69

Trail of Tears, 387–88

Treasury Department, U.S., 244n

Treaties, 130, 135, 140, 169, 259n, 471–72;

with Indians, 375–76, 388, 389n, 390–91

Trumbull, Benjamin, 848–49

Tudors, 33, 314–15

Tungus, 26n

Turks, 106, 572

Tyranny. See Despotism

Tyre, 629

U

Uniform laws, 789–91, 795–96, 819

Uniforms, 232–33

Union party, 451n

Universal suffrage, 64, 207, 221, 224–27, 229–30, 240–41, 275–76, 314–15

V

Vermont, 36n, 473, 851–52, 857

Veto power, 96, 137, 155, 174

Vincennes, Indiana, 207, 372n, 384n

Virginia, 35, 124, 161n, 341n, 377n, 397, 402, 408, 413, 428, 430, 438n, 439, 439n-40n, 441n, 447n, 450, 452n, 842–44, 850–52, 856–57

Volney, Constantin-François, 372n, 378n, 384n

Voltaire (François-Marie Arouet), 485

Voting. See Elections; Suffrage

W

Wabash River, 384n

Wages, 642–43, 675, 682–84

Wampanoags, 377n

War, 130, 182, 191–93, 221, 255, 320, 421–22, 454, 464, 728–29, 761, 769, 800–1, 857–58, 867;

civil, 783–84;

in democracies, 763–66, 771–84. See also Revolution

War of 1812, 192, 290n, 320, 369n, 425n, 449–50

Warden, David Bailie, 22n, 850

Washington, D.C., 320, 437, 439, 536, 835

Washington, George, 128, 192n, 259–63, 385–86, 440n

Wealth, 4–5, 593;

in aristocracies, 203–4, 252–53, 256, 403, 645, 651, 862;

in democracies, 238–41, 243–44, 252–53, 273, 276, 644–46, 716, 722–23, 740, 748;

and equality, 53–58;

European attitude toward, 34–35, 273;

and honor, 731–33;

Indian attitude toward, 27;

and intellectual pursuits, 516–19;

national, 246–47, 249–50;

and political power, 203–4;

and population growth, 440–42

Well-being. See Material well-being

West, 440, 448;

agriculture in, 647;

and commerce, 429–30;

democracy in, 57–58, 229, 356;

education in, 349;

exploration of, 835;

future of, 24;

Indians in, 372–76, 382, 387–88;

lawlessness of, 257, 434–35;

mores in, 355–56;

religion in, 339, 623;

settlement of, 323–27, 349–50, 354, 373, 388, 398–99, 435–37, 472–73, 647, 863–65;

slavery in, 398–401, 406;

women in, 697, 863, 865

West Indies, 24–25, 411n, 413, 835–36

William III, 856, 859

Williams, Edwin, 69n, 245n, 463n

Winthrop, John, 47–48

Witchcraft trials, 848

Women: of color, 366, 370, 396, 418, 727;

equality with men, 705–8;

and marriage, 695–97, 699–702, 706;

mores concerning, 698–708, 848;

pioneer, 697, 863, 865;

political activities of, 279, 706;

religious nature of, 336;

upbringing of, 692–94, 697, 700–1

Words, new, 547–49, 552–53

Work, respectability of, 642–43, 733

Z

Zeisberger, David, 837