Government Documents
Abizaid, Gen. John P., USA. “Investigation of Suspected Friendly Fire Incident near An Nasiriyah, Iraq, 23 March 2003.” Memorandum for commanders, USCENTAF, USARCENT, USNAVCENT, USMARCENT, SOCCENT, and Joint Forces Command. U.S. Central Command, MacDill AFB, Fla., March 6, 2004.
Andrew, Rod. U.S. Marines in Battle, An Nasiriyah, 23 March–2 April 2003. Washington, D.C.: Headquarters U.S. Marine Corps, 2009.
“Army Announces Patriot Missile System’s Performance in Operation Iraqi Freedom.” U.S. Army news release. Department of the Army, Washington, D.C., December 10, 2004.
Australia’s National Security: A Defence Update 2003. Canberra, Australia: Department of Defence, 2003.
Bannon, Claire. “Op Bastille/Falconer Timeline.” Canberra, Australia, no date.
“Coalition Forces Air Component Command Briefing.” Department of Defense, Washington, D.C., April 5, 2003.
Duelfer, Charles, and others. Comprehensive Report of the Special Adviser to the DCI on Iraq’s WMD. Washington, D.C.: Iraq Survey Group for the Central Intelligence Agency, September 30, 2004.
Fires in the Close Fight: OIF Lessons Learned. Fort Stewart, Ga.: 3rd Infantry Division DIVARTY [Division Artillery], November 2003.
Haag, SSgt. Jason L., USAF. “OIF Veterans Discuss Lessons.” Air Force Print News. USAF Air Warfare Center Public Affairs, Nellis AFB, Nev., July 31, 2003.
Handy, Gen. John W., USAF. Operation Iraqi Freedom—Air Mobility by the Numbers. Scott AFB, Ill.: Headquarters Air Mobility Command, October 1, 2003.
Houston, Air Marshal A. G., RAAF. “Message from Chief of Air Force: Operation Falconer.” Canberra, Australia, March 24, 2003.
———. “Message from Chief of Air Force: Operation Falconer.” Canberra, Australia, April 4, 2003.
Howard, Hon. John. Address to the Committee for Economic Development of Australia, Canberra, Australia, November 20, 2002.
———. Address to the House of Representatives, Parliament House, Canberra, Australia, March 18, 2003.
Iraq’s Weapons of Mass Destruction Programs. Washington, D.C.: Director of Central Intelligence, October 2002.
Joint Chiefs of Staff. Doctrine for Joint Operations. Joint Publication 3-0. Washington, D.C.: Department of Defense, September 10, 2001.
———. Joint Fire Support. Joint Publication 3-09. Washington, D.C.: Department of Defense, November 13, 2006.
Joint Lessons Learned: Operation Iraqi Freedom Major Combat Operations. Coordinating draft. Norfolk, Va.: U.S. Joint Forces Command, March 1, 2004.
Lessons of Iraq: Government Response to the Committee’s Third Report of Session, 2003–2004. London: House of Commons, Defence Committee, HC 635, June 8, 2004.
Lessons of Iraq: Third Report of Session 2003–04. Vols. 1–3. London: House of Commons, Defence Committee, HC 57-I/II/III, March 16, 2004.
Moseley, Lt. Gen. T. Michael, USAF. Operation Iraqi Freedom—by the Numbers. Shaw AFB, S.C.: Assessment and Analysis Division, Headquarters U.S. Central Command Air Forces, April 30, 2003.
———. “USCENTAF Friendly Fire Investigation Board: A-10–USMC Friendly Fire Incident (near An Nasiriyah, Iraq, 23 March 2003).” Memorandum for commander, U.S. Central Command, May 23, 2003. U.S. Central Command Air Forces, Shaw AFB, S.C.
“Operation Falconer Honors List.” Canberra, Australia, Department of Defence, November 28, 2003.
“Operation Iraqi Freedom: Theater Air and Missile Defense History.” 32nd Army Air and Missile Defense Command, Fort Bliss, Tex., September 2003.
Operations in Iraq: First Reflections. London: Ministry of Defence, July 2003.
Operations in Iraq: Lessons for the Future. London: Ministry of Defence, December 2003.
“Prepared Testimony by U.S. Secretary of Defense Donald H. Rumsfeld to the Senate Armed Services Committee.” U.S. Senate, Washington, D.C., July 9, 2003.
Report of the Defense Science Board Task Force on Patriot System Performance: Report Summary. Washington, D.C.: Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics, January 2005.
Review of Operational-Level Interoperability between the Military Forces of Australia and the United States of America. Camp H. M. Smith, Hawaii: U.S. Pacific Command; and Canberra, Australia: Department of Defence, October 2004.
Schlesinger, James R., and others. Final Report of the Independent Panel to Review DoD Detention Operations. Washington, D.C.: Department of Defense, 2004.
Secretary of the Air Force. Counterland Operations. Air Force Doctrine Document 2-1.3. Maxwell AFB, Ala.: Air Force Doctrine Center, September 11, 2006.
“Statement by Admiral Edmund P. Giambastiani Jr., Commander, U.S. Joint Forces Command, before the House Armed Services Committee.” Washington, D.C.: U.S. House of Representatives, October 2, 2003.
“Statement of Brigadier General Marc Rogers, USAF, Director for Joint Requirements and Integration (J8), U.S. Joint Forces Command, before the 108th Congress, House Armed Services Committee, Subcommittee on Terrorism and Unconventional Threats.” Washington, D.C.: U.S. House of Representatives, October 21, 2003.
“Team Assessing OIF Air Component Effectiveness.” AFPN [Air Force Print News] news story, Camp As Sayliyah, Qatar, June 13, 2003.
Third Infantry Division (Mechanized) After Action Report: Operation Iraqi Freedom. Fort Stewart, Ga.: U.S. Army 3rd Infantry Division, 2003.
The War in Iraq: ADF Operations in the Middle East in 2003. Canberra, Australia: Department of Defence, 2004.
Books
Ajami, Fouad. The Foreigner’s Gift: The Americans, the Arabs, and the Iraqis in Iraq. New York: Free Press, 2006.
Allawi, Ali A. The Occupation of Iraq: Winning the War, Losing the Peace. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2007.
Anderson, Jon Lee. The Fall of Baghdad. New York: Penguin Press, 2004.
Atkinson, Rick. In the Company of Soldiers: A Chronicle of Combat. New York: Henry Holt, 2004.
Boot, Max. War Made New: Technology, Warfare, and the Course of History, 1500 to Today. New York: Gotham Books, 2006.
Boyne, Walter. Operation Iraqi Freedom: What Went Right, What Went Wrong, and Why. New York: Tom Doherty Associates, 2003.
Bremer, L. Paul III. My Year in Iraq: The Struggle to Build a Future of Hope. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006.
Bush, George [H. W.], and Brent Scowcroft. A World Transformed. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1998.
Bush, George W. Decision Points. New York: Crown Publishers, 2010.
Davies, Steve. F-15C/E Eagle Units of Operation Iraqi Freedom. Osprey Combat Aircraft No. 47. Oxford, England: Osprey Publishing, 2004.
Davies, Steve, and Doug Dildy. F-16 Fighting Falcon Units of Operation Iraqi Freedom. Osprey Combat Aircraft No. 61. Oxford, England: Osprey Publishing, 2006.
Davis, Vincent. “Organization and Management.” In American Defense Annual, 1987–1988, ed. Joseph Kruzel. Lexington, Mass.: D. C. Heath, 1987.
DeLong, Lt. Gen. Michael, USMC (Ret.). Inside CentCom: The Unvarnished Truth about the Wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. Washington, D.C.: Regnery, 2004.
Diamond, Larry. Squandered Victory: The American Occupation and Bungled Effort to Bring Democracy to Iraq. New York: Times Books, 2005.
Fick, Nathaniel. One Bullet Away: The Making of a Marine Officer. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2005.
Fontenot, Col. Gregory, USA (Ret.); Lt. Col. E. J. Degen, USA; and Lt. Col. David Tohn, USA. On Point: The United States Army in Operation Iraqi Freedom. Fort Leavenworth, Kans.: Combat Studies Institute Press, 2004.
———. On Point: The United States Army in Operation Iraqi Freedom. Annapolis, Md.: Naval Institute Press, 2005.
Franks, Gen. Tommy, USA (Ret.), with Malcolm McConnell. American Soldier. New York: Regan Books, 2004.
Gordon, Michael R., and Bernard E. Trainor. Cobra II: The Inside Story of the Invasion and Occupation of Iraq. New York: Pantheon Books, 2006.
———. The Endgame: The Inside Story of the Struggle for Iraq, from George W. Bush to Barack Obama. New York: Pantheon Books, 2012.
Haass, Richard N. War of Necessity, War of Choice: A Memoir of Two Iraq Wars. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2009.
Hammes, Col. Thomas X., USMC (Ret.). The Sling and the Stone: On War in the 21st Century. St. Paul, Minn.: Zenith Press, 2006.
Holmes, Tony. U.S. Navy Hornet Units of Operation Iraqi Freedom. Part 2. Osprey Combat Aircraft No. 58. Oxford, England: Osprey Publishing, 2005.
Hunt, Peter. Angles of Attack: An A-6 Intruder Pilot’s War. New York: Ballantine Books, 2002.
Huntington, Samuel P. Political Order in Changing Societies. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1968.
Keegan, John. The Iraq War. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2004.
Knights, Michael. Cradle of Conflict: Iraq and the Birth of the Modern U.S. Military. Annapolis, Md.: Naval Institute Press, 2005.
Kometer, Lt. Col. Michael W., USAF. Command in Air War: Centralized versus Decentralized Control of Combat Air Power. Maxwell AFB, Ala.: Air University Press, June 2007.
Koopman, John. McCoy’s Marines: Darkside to Baghdad. St. Paul, Minn.: Zenith Press, 2004.
Lambeth, Benjamin S. The Transformation of American Air Power. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 2000.
Mansoor, Peter R. Baghdad at Sunrise: A Brigade Commander’s War in Iraq. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2008.
Murray, Williamson, and Maj. General Robert H. Scales Jr., USA (Ret.). The Iraq War: A Military History. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2003.
Purdum, Todd S. A Time of Our Choosing: America’s War in Iraq. New York: Henry Holt, 2003.
Reynolds, Col. Nicholas E., USMC (Ret.). Basrah, Baghdad, and Beyond: The U.S. Marine Corps in the Second Iraq War. Annapolis, Md.: Naval Institute Press, 2005.
Ricks, Thomas E. Fiasco: The American Military Adventure in Iraq. New York: Penguin Press, 2006.
———. The Gamble: General David Petraeus and the American Military Adventure in Iraq, 2006–2008. New York: Penguin Press, 2009.
Robinson, Linda. Tell Me How This Ends: General David Petraeus and the Search for a Way Out of Iraq. New York: Public Affairs, 2008.
Rove, Karl. Courage and Consequence: My Life as a Conservative in the Fight. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2010.
Rumsfeld, Donald. Known and Unknown: A Memoir. New York: Sentinel, 2011.
Shimko, Keith L. The Iraq Wars and America’s Military Revolution. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
Stout, Jay A. Hammer from Above: Marine Air Combat over Iraq. New York: Presidio Press, 2005.
West, Bing. The Strongest Tribe: War, Politics, and the Endgame in Iraq. New York: Random House, 2008.
West, Bing, and Maj. Gen. Ray L. Smith, USMC (Ret.). The March Up: Taking Baghdad with the United States Marines. New York: Bantam Dell, 2003.
Willis, Clint. Boots on the Ground: Stories of American Soldiers from Iraq and Afghanistan. New York: Thunder’s Mouth Press, 2004.
Woodward, Bob. Plan of Attack. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2004.
———. The War Within: A Secret White House History, 2006–2008. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2008.
Wright, Evan. Generation Kill: Devil Dogs, Iceman, Captain America, and the New Face of American War. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 2004.
Zinnmeister, Karl. Boots on the Ground: A Month with the 82nd Airborne in the Battle for Iraq. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2003.
Zucchino, David. Thunder Run: The Armored Strike to Capture Baghdad. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 2004.
Monographs
Bensahel, Nora, et al. After Saddam: Prewar Planning and the Occupation of Iraq. Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation, MG-642-A, 2008.
Biddle, Stephen, and others. Toppling Saddam: Iraq and American Military Transformation. Carlisle, Pa.: Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College, April 2004.
Deptula, Col. David A., USAF. Firing for Effect: Change in the Nature of Warfare. Arlington, Va.: Aerospace Education Foundation, 1995.
Dobbins, James, et al. Occupying Iraq: A History of the Coalition Provisional Authority. Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation, MG-847-CC, 2009.
Donnelly, Thomas. Operation Iraqi Freedom: A Strategic Assessment. Washington, D.C.: AEI Press, 2000.
Dunn, Richard J. III, Price T. Bingham, and Charles A. Fowler. Ground Moving Target Indicator Radar and the Transformation of U.S. Warfighting. Arlington, Va.: Northrop Grumman Analysis Center, February 2004.
Gray, Colin S. The Air Power Advantage in Future Warfare: The Need for Strategy. Maxwell AFB, Ala.: Air Power Research Institute, Air University, 2007.
Hosmer, Stephen T. Why the Iraqi Resistance to the Coalition Invasion Was So Weak. Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation, MG-544-AF, 2007.
Jacobs, Jody, David E. Johnson, Katherine Comanor, Lewis Jamison, Leland Joe, and David Vaughn. Enhancing Fires and Maneuver through Greater Air-Ground Joint Interdependence. Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation, MG-793-AF, 2009.
Johnson, David E. Learning Large Lessons: The Evolving Roles of Ground Power and Air Power in the Post–Cold War Era. Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation, MG-405-AF, 2005.
Kirkpatrick, Charles E. Joint Fires as They Were Meant to Be: V Corps and the 4th Air Support Operations Group during Operation Iraqi Freedom. Land Warfare Papers No. 48. Arlington, Va.: Institute of Land Warfare, Association of the U.S. Army, October 2004.
Krepinevich, Andrew F. Operation Iraqi Freedom: A First-Blush Assessment. Washington, D.C.: Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments, 2003.
Lambeth, Benjamin S. Air Power against Terror: America’s Conduct of Operation Enduring Freedom. Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation, MG-166-1-CENTAF, 2005.
———. American Carrier Air Power at the Dawn of a New Century. Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation, MG-404-NAVY, 2005.
———. Combat Pair: The Evolution of Air Force–Navy Integration in Strike Warfare. Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation, MG-655-AF, 2007.
———. NATO’s Air War for Kosovo: A Strategic and Operational Assessment. Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation, MR-1365-AF, 2001.
Lynch, Kristin F., John G. Drew, Robert S. Tripp, and Charles Robert Roll Jr. Supporting Air and Space Expeditionary Forces: Lessons from Operation Iraqi Freedom. Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation, MG-193-AF, 2005.
Mueller, Karl P., and others. Striking First: Preemptive and Preventive Attack in U.S. National Security Policy. Santa Monica, Calif.: RAND Corporation, MG-403-AF, 2006.
Ullman, Harlan K., and James P. Wade. Shock and Awe: Achieving Rapid Dominance. Washington, D.C.: National Defense University Press, December 1996.
Woods, Kevin M., with Michael R. Pease, Mark E. Stout, Williamson Murray, and James G. Lacey. Iraqi Perspectives Project: A View of Operation Iraqi Freedom from Saddam’s Senior Leadership. Norfolk, Va.: Joint Center for Operational Analysis, U.S. Joint Forces Command, March 2006.
Articles, Reports, and Theses
Anderson, Capt. John W., USAF. “An Analysis of a Dust Storm Impacting Operation Iraqi Freedom, 25–27 March 2003.” Master’s thesis, U.S. Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, Calif., December 2004.
“Army to Reevaluate Apache Tactics.” Air Force Magazine, October 2003.
“Baghdad Raid Takes 12 Minutes from Targeting to Attack.” Flight International, April 15–21, 2003.
Baumgardner, Neil. “101st Airborne Division Packaged Apaches, ATACMS during OIF.” Defense Daily, May 14, 2003.
———. “RAF Spokesman: Enhanced Paveway ‘Outstanding’ in Operation Iraqi Freedom.” Defense Daily, April 2, 2003.
———. “V Corps Commander: Army ‘Altered Use’ of Apaches Following Failed Attack.” Defense Daily, May 8, 2003.
Bennett, John T. “Smaller Bombs among Needs Revealed In Iraq, Navy Officers Say.” Inside the Pentagon, August 7, 2003.
———. “USAF Constellation, Navy FORCENet Step Up Interoperability Efforts.” Inside the Pentagon, July 31, 2003.
Biddle, Stephen. “Speed Kills? Reassessing the Role of Speed, Precision, and Situation Awareness in the Fall of Saddam.” Journal of Strategic Studies, February 2007.
Boyne, Sean. “Iraqi Tactics Attempted to Employ Guerilla Forces.” Jane’s Intelligence Review, July 2003.
Brown, Air Commodore Geoff, RAAF. “Iraq: Operations Bastille and Falconer —2003.” In Air Expeditionary Operations from World War II until Today, ed. Commander Keith Brent, RAAF. Canberra, Australia: Proceedings of the 2008 RAAF History Conference, April 1, 2008.
Burger, Kim, Nick Cook, Andrew Koch, and Michael Sirak. “What Went Right?” Jane’s Defence Weekly, April 30, 2003.
Butler, Amy. “As A-10 Shines in Iraq War, Officials Look to JSF for Future CAS Role.” Inside the Air Force, May 23, 2003.
———. “Data Links a Solid Weapon against Scuds, Friendly Fire, Jumper Says.” Inside the Air Force, April 11, 2003.
———. “Iraq War Underscores Need for Improved and Standardized AOCs.” Inside the Air Force, May 16, 2003.
———. “JSTARS Faced ‘Learning Curve’ for CAOC Officials Unfamiliar with System.” Inside the Air Force, May 30, 2003.
———. “Lack of Embedded Reporters a Hurdle for Air Force Media Ops.” Inside the Air Force, April 4, 2003.
———. “Moseley: Time-Sensitive Targeting Improved from Afghanistan to Iraq.” Inside the Air Force, June 20, 2003.
Byman, Daniel, Kenneth Pollack, and Matthew Waxman. “Coercing Saddam Hussein: Lessons from the Past.” Survival, autumn 1998.
Capaccio, Tony. “U.S. Commanders Wore General Dynamics Transmitters.” Bloomberg.com, April 30, 2003.
Carpenter, Col. Mason, USAF. “Rapid, Deliberate, Disciplined, Proportional, and Precise: Operation Iraqi Freedom Air and Space Operations—Initial Assessment.” Unpublished paper.
“CENTCOM, Pentagon Confirm Destruction of GPS Jamming Equipment.” Defense Daily, March 26, 2003.
Chapman, Suzann. “The ‘War’ before the War.” Air Force Magazine, February 2004.
Cook, Nick. “Shock and Awe?” Jane’s Defence Weekly, April 2, 2003.
Cordesman, Anthony H. “The ‘Instant Lessons’ of the Iraq War: Main Report.” Third working draft. Center for Strategic and International Studies, Washington, D.C., April 14, 2003.
———. “Understanding the New ‘Effects-Based’ Air War in Iraq.” Center for Strategic and International Studies, Washington, D.C., March 15, 2003.
Cortes, Lorenzo. “Air Force F-117s Open Coalition Air Strikes with EGBU-27s.” Defense Daily, March 21, 2003.
———. “Air Force Integrated Litening Pods for Block 40 and Block 50 F-16s Before OIF.” Defense Daily, June 20, 2003.
———. “Air Force Offered Improved Networking Capabilities during OIF.” Defense Daily, June 4, 2003.
———. “B-1 Crews Moved Quickly with JDAM Loads during Iraqi Freedom, Pilot Says.” Defense Daily, April 22, 2003.
———. “B-2 Drops Pair of 4,700-Pound GBH-37 GAMs on Iraqi Communications Tower.” Defense Daily, March 31, 2003.
———. “Coalition Forces Have Fired 15,000 Guided Munitions during Iraqi Freedom.” Defense Daily, April 11, 2003.
———. “Combined Air Operations Center Crews Credit TBMCS and IWS for OIF Success.” Defense Daily, June 3, 2003.
———. “Leaf: Iraq Air Defenses Were Dense, Antiquated in OIF; Stealth Needed in Future.” Defense Daily, June 9, 2003.
———. “Leaf Says Severe Weather Accelerated Iraqi Forces’ Defeat.” Defense Daily, June 5, 2003.
———. “Operation Iraqi Freedom Required Unique Wartime Use of E-8C Joint STARS.” Defense Daily, June 11, 2003.
———. “Patriots Intercept Eight Iraqi Ballistic Missiles, Involved in Two Friendly Fire Incidents.” Defense Daily, March 28, 2003.
———. “Seizure of Tallil Base Improved A-10’s Effectiveness in Iraqi Freedom, Commander Says.” Defense Daily, April 18, 2003.
Costa, Keith J. “Draft JFCOM ‘Lessons Learned’ Study Examines Early Iraq War Moves.” Inside the Pentagon, March 18, 2004.
“Defense Watch.” Defense Daily, November 12, 2002.
Deptula, Lt. Gen. David A., USAF. “Toward Restructuring National Security.” Strategic Studies Quarterly, winter 2007.
Di Pasquale, Cynthia. “Russian Planes Expand U.S. Airlift Capability Strained during OIF, OEF.” Inside the Air Force, April 2, 2004.
Dobbins, James. “Iraq: Winning the Unwinnable War.” Foreign Affairs, January–February 2005.
“DoD Says Russian Sale of GPS Jammers to Iraq Not Affecting Air Campaign.” Inside the Pentagon, March 27, 2003.
Dolson, Paul. “Expeditionary Airborne Battlefield Command and Control.” Joint Force Quarterly, no. 38, fourth quarter, 2005.
Ebbutt, Giles. “UK Command and Control during Iraqi Freedom.” Jane’s Intelligence Review, July 2003.
Feiler, Jeremy. “CSIS Report: U.S. Victory in Iraq Showed ‘Flexibility’ of U.S. Planning.” Inside the Pentagon, May 1, 2003.
———. “Draft Study Says Technology, Iraqi ‘Ineptitude’ Key to Victory.” Inside the Pentagon, October 2, 2003.
———. “Goldwater-Nichols Changes Key to U.S. Success in Iraq, Pace Says.” Inside the Pentagon, September 25, 2003.
———. “Iraqi Campaign Lessons Show Shift to ‘Overmatching Power’ Doctrine.” Inside the Pentagon, October 9, 2003.
———. “Officials: UAV Lessons among Most Vital Gleaned in Iraq War.” Inside the Pentagon, July 17, 2003.
———. “Pentagon Officials Examine UAV ‘Lessons Learned’ in Iraq.” Inside the Pentagon, December 11, 2003.
———. “Speed, Unpredictability Led to Victory in Iraq, Defense Officials Say.” Inside the Pentagon, March 4, 2004.
Flibbert, Andrew. “The Road to Baghdad: Ideas and Intellectuals in Explanations of the Iraq War.” Security Studies, April–June 2006.
Fox, Capt. Mark I., USN. “Air Wing of Destiny.” Foundation (published by the Naval Aviation Museum Foundation), fall 2004.
Fulghum, David A. “Fast Forward.” Aviation Week and Space Technology, April 28, 2003.
———. “Frustrations and Backlogs.” Aviation Week and Space Technology, March 10, 2003.
———. “New Bag of Tricks: As Stealth Aircraft and Northern Watch Units Head Home, Details of the Coalition’s Use of Air Power Are Revealed.” Aviation Week and Space Technology, April 21, 2003.
———. “Tanker Puzzle: Aggressive Tactics, Shrinking Tanker Force Challenge Both Planners and Aircrews.” Aviation Week and Space Technology, April 14, 2003.
Gething, Michael J., Mark Hewish, and Joris Hanssen Lok. “New Pods Aid Air Reconnaissance.” Jane’s International Defence Review, October 2003.
Gildea, Kerry. “Air Force Says TBMCS Played Critical Role in Air War Execution.” Defense Daily, May 6, 2003.
———. “Ammunition Stocks Ready for War, Navy, Marine Corps Leaders Report.” Defense Daily, February 27, 2003.
———. “Next-Generation Imaging Satellite Team Formed with News of Bush Policy Shift.” Defense Daily, May 14, 2003.
Givens, Lt. Col. Rob, USAF. “‘Let Slip the Dogs of War’: Leadership in the Air War over Iraq.” Term paper, National War College, Washington, D.C., 2005.
“Global Hawk Feats in Iraq Could Lead to ISR Fleet Lessons.” Inside the Pentagon, May 29, 2003.
Gordon, John IV, and Bruce Pirnie. “‘Everybody Wanted Tanks’: Heavy Forces in Operation Iraqi Freedom.” Joint Force Quarterly, October 2005.
Grant, Rebecca. “Saddam’s Elite in the Meat Grinder.” Air Force Magazine, September 2003.
Green, Col. Robert B., USAR. “Joint Fires Support, the Joint Fires Element and the CGRS: Keys to Success for CJSOTF West.” Special Warfare, April 2005.
Grossman, Elaine M. “A-10 Aircraft Took Heavy Fire while Performing Unusual Mission.” Inside the Air Force, April 11, 2003.
———. “Air Chief Won Ability to Hit Iraqi Bridges to Prevent Scud Launch.” Inside the Pentagon, June 12, 2003.
———. “Air Force Aims to Redirect $40 Million in FY03 to Counter GPS Jamming.” Inside the Pentagon, January 30, 2003.
———. “Air Force May Expand Significantly on Army Battlefield Tracking System.” Inside the Pentagon, November 6, 2003.
———. “Battle Damage Assessment Process Found Unwieldy in Iraq Combat.” Inside the Pentagon, June 19, 2003.
———. “Coalition Drops ‘Capitulation Leaflets’ over Iraqi Troops.” Inside the Pentagon, March 20, 2003.
———. “Coalition Will Calibrate Force to Limit Casualties in Baghdad Attacks.” Inside the Air Force, April 4, 2003.
———. “Critics Decry 2002 Air Attacks on Iraq That Predated Key U.S., UN Votes.” Inside the Pentagon, July 24, 2003.
———. “Decision to Hasten Ground Attack into Iraq Presented New Risks.” Inside the Pentagon, March 18, 2004.
———. “Evolving Threats May Offer Air Force ‘Unlearned Lessons’ in Iraq.” Inside the Pentagon, July 17, 2003.
———. “First Attacks on Coalition Were Iraqi Missiles Aimed at Kuwait.” Inside the Air Force, March 21, 2003.
———. “General: War-Tested Air-Land Coordination Cell Has Staying Power.” Inside the Air Force, March 12, 2004.
———. “Giambastiani Flags Battle Damage, Friendly Fire ‘Lessons Learned.’” Inside the Pentagon, March 11, 2004.
———. “Iraq War Could Feature Unprecedented Air-Land Collaboration.” Inside the Pentagon, February 13, 2003.
———. “JFCOM Draft Report Finds U.S. Forces Reverted to Attrition in Iraq.” Inside the Air Force, March 26, 2004.
———. “Key Generals: Response to ‘Fedayeen’ a Vital Milestone in Iraq War.” Inside the Pentagon, May 8, 2003.
———. “Land, Air Commands Struggled on Iraq Leaflet Timing, Coordination.” Inside the Pentagon, June 26, 2003.
———. “Marine General: Iraq War Pause ‘Could Not Have Come at Worse Time.’” Inside the Pentagon, October 2, 2003.
———. “U.S. Air Force Spent Millions on Turkish Bases Unused in Iraq War.” Inside the Pentagon, August 14, 2003.
———. “U.S. Forces to Take Close Battlefield Approach into Baghdad Fight.” Inside the Pentagon, March 20, 2003.
Hardesty, Capt. David C., USN. “Fix Net Centric for the Operators.” Proceedings, September 2003.
Harrison, Lt. Cdr. Richard K., USN. “TacAir Trumps UAVs in Iraq.” Proceedings, November 2003.
Hathaway, Lt. Col. David C., USAF. “Operational Assessment during Operation Iraqi Freedom—Assessment or Assumption?” Research report, Air War College, Maxwell AFB, Ala., May 25, 2005.
Hebert, Adam J. “Building Battlespace Awareness.” Air Force Magazine, October 2003.
Hewish, Mark. “Out of CAOCs Comes Order.” Jane’s International Defence Review, May 2003.
Hewson, Robert. “Apache Operations over Karbala.” Jane’s Intelligence Review, July 2003.
Hinote, Maj. S. Clinton, USAF. “More Than Bombing Saddam: Attacking the Leadership in Operation Iraqi Freedom.” Master’s thesis, School of Advanced Air and Space Studies, Air University, Maxwell AFB, Ala., June 2006.
Hollis, Patrecia Slayden. “Trained, Adaptable, Flexible Forces = Victory in Iraq.” Interview with Lt. Gen. W. Scott Wallace. Field Artillery, September–October 2003.
Holmes, Tony. “RAAF Hornets at War.” Australian Aviation, January–February 2006.
Horner, Gen. Charles A., USAF (Ret.). “Operation Iraqi Freedom and the Transformation of War.” Aviation Week and Space Technology, May 5, 2003.
Hukill, Lt. Col. Jeffrey, USAF (Ret.), and Daniel R. Mortensen. “Developing Flexible Command and Control of Air Power.” Air and Space Power Journal, spring 2011.
Iraq Body Count Project. At http://www.iraqbodycount.org
Irwin, Sandra I. “Iraqi Freedom Tests Naval Aviation’s Flexibility.” The Hook, summer 2003.
———. “Naval Aviators Experience Success in Iraq, but Worry about the Future.” The Hook, fall 2003.
Keating, Vice Adm. Timothy J., USN. “Naval Aviation Key to Iraqi Freedom Victory.” The Hook, winter 2003.
———. “This Was a Different War.” Interview in Proceedings, June 2003.
Keeter, Hunter. “B-1 Drops 2000-Pound JDAMs in ‘Iraqi Leadership’ Strike.” Defense Daily, April 9, 2003.
———. “Cartwright: Threat Location, Prediction Capability Should Be Priorities.” Defense Daily, April 30, 2003.
———. “Cebrowski: Iraq Shows Network-Centric Warfare Implementation.” Defense Daily, April 23, 2003.
———. “Exercise Internal Look to Evaluate Joint Task Force Command Capability.” Defense Daily, December 5, 2002.
———. “Navy Fire Control, Targeting Capability Improvements Shorten Strike Timeline.” Defense Daily, March 21, 2003.
———.“Next Internal Look to Spotlight Deployable Command and Control.” Defense Daily, October 31, 2002.
Kitfield, James. “Attack Always.” National Journal, April 26, 2003.
Knights, Michael. “Iraqi Freedom Displays the Transformation of U.S. Air Power.” Jane’s Intelligence Review, May 2003.
———. “USA Learns Lessons in Time-Critical Targeting.” Jane’s Intelligence Review, July 2003.
Koch, Andrew. “Did Washington Underestimate Iraqi Resolve?” Jane’s Defence Weekly, April 2, 2003.
———. “Information War Played Major Role in Iraq.” Jane’s Defence Weekly, July 23, 2003.
———. “Information Warfare Tools Rolled Out in Iraq.” Jane’s Defence Weekly, August 6, 2003.
Kopp, Carlo. “Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance in Operation Iraqi Freedom.” Defence Today, June 2004.
———. “Iraqi Freedom—the Hammer and Anvil.” Australian Aviation, May 2003.
Koven, Maj. Alexander L., USAF. “Improvements in Joint Forces: How Missteps during Operation Anaconda Readied USCENTCOM for Operation Iraqi Freedom.” Research report, Air Command and Staff College, Maxwell AFB, Ala., April 2005.
Krane, Jim. “Pilotless Warriors Soar to Success.” CBS News, April 25, 2003.
Laird, Melvin R. “Iraq: Learning the Lessons of Vietnam.” Foreign Affairs, November–December 2005.
Lake, Darren. “How Different It All Is from the Last Gulf War.” Jane’s Defence Weekly, March 26, 2003.
Lambeth, Benjamin S. “Aerial Partners in Arms.” Joint Force Quarterly, 2nd quarter 2008.
———. “Air Force–Navy Integration in Strike Warfare: A Role Model for Seamless Joint-Service Operations.” Naval War College Review, winter 2008.
Liang, John. “JFCOM Commander Outlines ‘Good’ and ‘Ugly’ in Iraq Lessons Learned.” Inside the Pentagon, March 25, 2004.
———. “Myers: Saddam Hussein Is a Legitimate Target.” Inside the Air Force, March 21, 2003.
Lok, Joris Janssen. “Communication Weaknesses Endanger Allied Integration in U.S.-Led Air Campaigns.” Jane’s International Defence Review, March 2004.
Malone, Vice Adm. Michael, USN. “They Made a Difference.” The Hook, summer 2003.
Matthews, Maj. Joseph G., USA. “The E-8 Joint Surveillance Target Attack Radar System Support to Counterinsurgency Operations.” Research report, Air Command and Staff College, Maxwell AFB, Ala., April 11, 2006.
Mazetti, Mark, and Richard J. Newman. “The Seeds of Victory.” U.S. News and World Report, April 21, 2003.
McCarthy, Terry. “What Ever Happened to the Republican Guard?” Time, May 12, 2003.
McGee, Lt. Col. Michael B. Jr., USAF. “Air-Ground Operations during Operation Iraqi Freedom: Successes, Failures and Lessons of Air Force–Army Integration.” Research report, Air War College, Maxwell AFB, Ala., February 25, 2005.
McNamara, Lt. Col. Steve, USAF. “Assessing Air Power’s Importance: Will the QDR [Quadrennial Defense Review] Debate Falter for Lack of Proper Analytic Tools?” Armed Forces Journal International, March 1997.
“Moseley Details ‘The War before the War.’” Air Force, October 2003.
Muradian, Vago. “Allied Special Forces Took Western Iraq.” Defense News, May 19, 2003.
———. “Payoffs Aided U.S. War Plan.” Defense News, May 19, 2003.
Neuenswander, Col. Matthew D., USAF. “JCAS in Operation Anaconda—It’s Not All Bad News.” Field Artillery, May–June 2003.
Newman, Richard J. “Ambush at Najaf.” Air Force Magazine, October 2003.
———. “The Joystick War.” U.S. News and World Report, May 19, 2003.
Nichols, Rear Adm. David C. Jr., USN. “Reflections on Iraqi Freedom.” The Hook, fall 2003. “No Satisfaction, No Resignation.” The Economist (London), October 29, 2011.
Pape, Robert A. “The True Worth of Air Power.” Foreign Affairs, March–April 2004.
“Patriot Under Fire for Second Error.” Flight International, April 8–14, 2003.
Paulsen, Cdr. James, USN. “Naval Aviation Delivered in Iraq.” Proceedings, June 2003.
Rees, Elizabeth. “Old Predators Used as Decoys to Provoke Iraqi Air Defenses.” Inside the Air Force, April 11, 2003.
———. “Standup of 484th AEW Proved Vital to Army, Air Force Ops Integration.” Inside the Air Force, September 5, 2003.
———. “363rd AEW Weighs In on Ops Tempo, Force Strain, Enemy Air Defenses in War.” Inside the Air Force, March 28, 2003.
———. “USAF Moves Space Forces Director back into Iraq Air Ops Center.” Inside the Air Force, June 4, 2004.
Riggs, Robert. “Blue on Blue: How Did an Army Patriot Battery Shoot Down a Navy F-18?” CBS 11 News (Dallas–Fort Worth, Tex.), February 4, 2004. At http//:www.globalsecurity.org/news/2004/040505-patriot-shootdown.htm
Ripley, Tim. “Closing the Gap.” Jane’s Defence Weekly, July 2, 2003.
———. “Iraq Friendly Fire Was Worse Than Reported.” Jane’s Defence Weekly, July 16, 2003.
———. “Planning for Iraqi Freedom.” Jane’s Intelligence Review, July 2003.
Robinson, Linda. “The Men in the Shadows.” U.S. News and World Report, May 19, 2003.
Rogers, Capt. David A., USN. “From the President: The Health of Your Tailhook Association.” The Hook, fall 2003.
Scott, William B. “‘Sweetening’ GPS: Squadron Boosted GPS Accuracy ‘Window’ to Support Iraq Air Campaign.” Aviation Week and Space Technology, June 9, 2003.
Scott, William B., and Craig Covault. “High Ground over Iraq.” Aviation Week and Space Technology, June 9, 2003.
Sirak, Michael. “Interview with James Roche: Secretary of the U.S. Air Force.” Jane’s Defence Weekly, May 14, 2003.
———. “U.S. Air Force Reveals New Strike Munition.” Jane’s Defence Weekly, May 14, 2003.
Smith, Maj. Kenneth A., USAF. “Joint Transformation of Aerial Interdiction by Enhancing Kill-Box Operations.” Research report, Air Command and Staff College, Air University, Maxwell AFB, Ala., April 2006.
“Speed Kills.” Inside the Pentagon, April 10, 2003.
Stephens, Hampton. “At Rhein-Main, Activity Increases as U.S. Prepares for Iraq War.” Inside the Air Force, February 28, 2003.
———. “B-1 Bomber Being Used in a Variety of Missions during Iraq War.” Inside the Air Force, March 28, 2003.
———. “Deployments Force Cancellation of January Red Flag.” Inside the Air Force, January 17, 2003.
———. “USAF Cancels Second Red Flag in a Row, Citing Lack of Available Assets.” Inside the Air Force, March 14, 2003.
———. “Wind-Corrected Anti-armor Weapon Used for First Time in Iraq.” Inside the Air Force, April 4, 2003.
“Storm Shadow Appears ahead of Official Entry into Service Date.” Flight International, April 1–7, 2003.
Streetly, Martin. “Airborne Surveillance Assets Hit the Spot in Iraq.” Jane’s Intelligence Review, July 2003.
Thomas, Evan, and John Barry. “A Plan Under Attack.” Time, April 7, 2003.
Thomas, Evan, and Martha Brandt. “The Education of Tommy Franks.” Time, May 19, 2003.
———. “The Secret War.” Time, April 21, 2003.
Thompson, Mark. “Opening with a Bang.” Time, March 17, 2003.
Tirpak, John A. “The Blended Wing Goes to War.” Air Force Magazine, October 2003.
“Top Navy Aviation Officials Predict Few Major Lessons from Iraq.” Inside the Pentagon, May 22, 2003.
Trimble, Stephen. “Air Force’s AMC Tallies Massive Airlift Effort for OIF.” Aerospace Daily, May 29, 2003.
———. “Cebrowski: Iraq War Offers Clues for Transformation Agenda.” Aerospace Daily, April 23, 2003.
Truver, Scott C. “The U.S. Navy in Review.” Proceedings, May 2003, p. 94.
“Unmanned Systems: UAV Shows Effectiveness as a Targeting Platform.” Flight International, April 22–28, 2003.
“U.S. Casualties in Iraq.” At http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/ops/iraq_casualties.htm
“USAF Offers Details of Weapon Tailored for Iraq War.” Aerospace Daily, May 5, 2003.
Wall, Robert. “E-War Ramps Up: EA-6B Prowler to Resume Traditional Radar-Jamming Role If Iraqi Conflict Escalates.” Aviation Week and Space Technology, March 17, 2003.
———. “Rescue Enhancements: U.S. Air Force Helicopters Employ Longer-Range Guns and New Threat-Avoidance Technology.” Aviation Week and Space Technology, June 16, 2003.
———. “Super Hornets at Sea: U.S. Navy’s New F/A-18Es Are Showing Surprising Reliability and Added Endurance.” Aviation Week and Space Technology, March 17, 2003.
———. “Time Runs Short: Final War Preparations Continue Even as Controversy Keeps a Start Date Uncertain.” Aviation Week and Space Technology, March 17, 2003.
———. “Weather or Not: The F-14D Strike Fighter Can Now Drop Precision Weapons Even on Cloud-Shrouded Targets.” Aviation Week and Space Technology, March 17, 2003.
“WCMD-Equipped Sensor Fuzed Weapons Dropped on Iraqi Vehicle Column.” Defense Daily, April 3, 2003.
Whitcomb, Col. Darrel D., USAFR (Ret.). “Rescue Operations in the Second Gulf War.” Air and Space Power Journal, spring 2005.
Willis, David. “Operation Iraqi Freedom.” International Air Power Review, summer 2003.
Wood, David. “New Workhorse of U.S. Military: A Bomb with Devastating Effects.” Newhouse.com, March 13, 2003.
Woods, Kevin, James Lacey, and Williamson Murray. “Saddam’s Delusions: The View from the Inside.” Foreign Affairs, May–June 2006.
Newspaper Articles
Allen, Mike, and Karen De Young. “Bush: U.S. Will Strike First at Enemies.” Washington Post, June 2, 2002.
Allen, Mike, and Bradley Graham. “Franks Briefs Bush on War Plans, Says Military Is Ready.” Washington Post, March 6, 2003.
Arkin, William M. “Fliers Rose to Occasion: In Iraq, a Pause Refreshed Ground Troops and Let Planes Inflict Major Damage.” Los Angeles Times, June 1, 2003.
Baker, Peter. “Marine Predicts Brief Bombing, Then Land Assault.” Washington Post, March 17, 2003.
Baker, Peter, and Rajiv Chandrasekaran. “Republican Guard Units Move South from Baghdad, Hit by U.S. Forces.” Washington Post, March 27, 2003.
Barnard, Anne. “Death Lurks in Unspent U.S. ‘Bomblets.’” Boston Globe, May 1, 2003.
Boudreaux, Richard. “Two Errant Missiles Fall in Turkey.” Los Angeles Times, March 24, 2003.
Bowman, Tom. “U.S. Aims to Curtail Civilian Casualties.” Baltimore Sun, March 5, 2003.
Broder, John M. “Allies Fan Out in Iraq—Resistance outside City Is Light.” New York Times, April 9, 2003.
———. “General Franks Makes First Visit to Troops in the Battle Zone.” New York Times, April 8, 2003.
Burns, Robert. “Key Section of City Is Taken in a Street-by-Street Fight.” New York Times, April 9, 2003.
———. “U.S. Gulf Force Nears 300,000 as Commander, Bush Consult.” Philadelphia Inquirer, March 5, 2003.
Cauchon, Dennis. “Why U.S. Casualties Were Low.” USA Today, April 21, 2003.
Chandrasekaran, Rajiv, and Peter Baker. “As Marines Resume Advance, Army Fights Baghdad Defenders.” Washington Post, April 2, 2003.
———. “Baghdad Hit Hard from Air as Ground Forces Regroup.” Washington Post, March 28, 2003.
———. “Sandstorm Delays Army’s Advance; Units Set to Hit Guard Near Capital.” Washington Post, March 26, 2003.
Chandrasekaran, Rajiv, and Thomas E. Ricks. “U.S. Opens War with Strikes on Baghdad Aimed at Hussein.” Washington Post, March 20, 2003.
Chandrasekaran, Rajiv, and Alan Sipress. “Army Has First Close Fighting with Republican Guard Units.” Washington Post, April 1, 2003.
Cohen, Eliot. “No Way to Win a War.” Wall Street Journal, December 7, 2006.
Cooper, Christopher, and Greg Jaffe. “U.S. Use of Saudi Air Base Shows Kingdom’s Quiet Commitment.” Wall Street Journal, March 12, 2003.
Crawley, Vince. “Less Is More.” Army Times, April 21, 2003.
De Young, Karen. “Bush Cites Urgent Iraqi Threat.” Washington Post, October 8, 2002.
De Young, Karen, and Colum Lynch. “Three Countries Vow to Block U.S. on Iraq.” Washington Post, March 6, 2003.
“Flexibility: Rumsfeld Tactical Signature Writ Large.” London Daily Telegraph, March 21, 2003.
Friedman, Thomas L. “If I Had One Wish.” New York Times, October 4, 2006.
Gellman, Barton, and Dana Priest. “CIA Had Fix on Hussein.” Washington Post, March 20, 2003.
Gordon, Michael R. “Allied Plan Would Encourage Iraqis Not to Fight.” New York Times, March 11, 2003.
———. “American Forces Adapted to Friend and Foe.” New York Times, April 10, 2003.
———. “Battle for Baghdad Begins in Area Surrounding Iraqi Capital.” New York Times, April 2, 2003.
———. “The Goal Is Baghdad, but at What Cost?” New York Times, March 25, 2003.
———. “Pointing Finger, Bush Broadens His ‘Doctrine.’” New York Times, January 30, 2002.
———. “Tightening a Noose.” New York Times, April 4, 2003.
———. “The U.S. Battle Plan: Make Friends and War.” New York Times, March 11, 2003.
Gordon, Michael R., with John F. Burns. “Iraq’s Air Defense Is Concentrated around Baghdad.” New York Times, March 17, 2003.
Graham, Bradley. “Air War Targets Enemy Troops.” Washington Post, March 25, 2003.
———. “Patriot System Likely Downed U.S. Jet.” Washington Post, April 4, 2003.
———. “Radar Probed in Patriot Incidents.” Washington Post, May 8, 2003.
———. “U.S. Air Attacks Turn More Aggressive.” Washington Post, April 2, 2003.
Graham, Bradley, and Vernon Loeb. “An Air War of Might, Coordination, and Risks, Washington Post, April 27, 2003.
Hackett, James. “Tracking Targets from Space.” Washington Times, July 8, 2003.
Hedges, Stephen J. “Air War Credited in Baghdad’s Fall.” Chicago Tribune, April 22, 2003.
“Iraq Is Expected to Try Jamming U.S. Signals.” Baltimore Sun, March 13, 2003.
Jaffe, Greg. “Plan Is to Cut Off Top Officers while Allies Strike Air Defenses.” Wall Street Journal, March 20, 2003.
———. “Rumsfeld’s Vindication Promises a Change in Tactics, Deployment.” Wall Street Journal, April 10, 2003.
———. “U.S. Rushes to Upgrade Base for Attack Aircraft.” Wall Street Journal, March 14, 2003.
Kaczor, Bill. “Air Force Chief Says Military Must Cooperate.” Miami Herald, October 22, 2003.
Kelly, Jack. “Covert Troops Fight Shadow War Off-Camera.” USA Today, April 7, 2003.
King, Laura. “Baghdad’s Death Toll Assessed.” Los Angeles Times, May 18, 2003.
Krauthammer, Charles. “Redefining the War.” Washington Post, February 1, 2002.
———. “What Ever Happened to the Powell Doctrine?” Washington Post, April 20, 2001.
Layton, Lyndsey. “Building Bombs aboard the Abraham Lincoln.” Washington Post, March 14, 2003.
“Letter Is Purported to Be from Saddam.” St. Louis Post-Dispatch, May 11, 2003.
Loeb, Vernon. “Patriot Downs RAF Fighter.” Washington Post, March 24, 2003.
———. “Pentagon Credits Success in Iraq War to Joint Operations.” Washington Post, October 3, 2003.
———. “Sniping at the ‘Plan’ Strikes Some Nerves.” Washington Post, April 2, 2003.
Lynch, David, and John Diamond. “U.S., British Forces Are ‘Ready Today’ for Invasion.” USA Today, March 17, 2003.
Lynch, David J. “Marines Prevail in ‘Toughest Day’ of Combat.” USA Today, March 24, 2003.
McManus, Doyle, and Esther Schrader. “Rumsfeld Support Is in High Places.” Los Angeles Times, April 2, 2003.
McPeak, Merrill A. “Leave the Flying to Us.” Washington Post, June 5, 2003.
———. “Shock and Pause.” New York Times, April 2, 2003.
Milbank, Dana, and Mike Allen. “President Tells Hussein to Leave Iraq within 48 Hours or Face Invasion.” Washington Post, March 18, 2003.
Moniz, Dave, and John Diamond. “Attack on Guard May Be Days Away.” USA Today, March 31, 2003.
Moore, Charles. “Colin Powell: ‘I’m Very Sore.’” London Daily Telegraph, February 26, 2005.
“Mr. Bush’s UN Mandate.” Wall Street Journal, November 11, 2002.
Murphy, Kim, and Alan C. Miller. “The Team That Picks the Targets.” Los Angeles Times, March 25, 2003.
“No Bunker Found under Bomb Site.” New York Times, May 29, 2003.
Pae, Peter. “‘Friendly Fire’ Still a Problem.” Los Angeles Times, May 16, 2003.
Page, Susan. “War May Realign World and Define a Presidency.” USA Today, March 17, 2003.
Pan, Philip P. “Turkey Lets U.S. Use Airspace.” Washington Post, March 21, 2003.
———. “Turkish Leader Makes Request on Airspace.” Washington Post, March 20, 2003.
“Persian Gulf Skies Crowded with Jets.” New York Times, March 6, 2006.
Piller, Charles. “Vaunted Patriot Missile Has a ‘Friendly Fire’ Failing.” Los Angeles Times, April 21, 2003.
Pincus, Walter, Bob Woodward, and Dana Priest. “Hussein’s Fate Still Uncertain.” Washington Post, March 21, 2003.
Pisik, Betsy. “Human Shields Take a Powder.” Washington Times, March 5, 2003.
Richter, Paul. “Risky Fight for Baghdad Nears.” Los Angeles Times, March 24, 2003.
Ricks, Thomas, and Alan Sipress. “Cuts Urged in Patrols over Iraq.” Washington Post, May 9, 2001.
Ricks, Thomas E. “Calibrated War Makes Comeback.” Washington Post, March 21, 2003.
———. “Myers Depicts War on Two Fronts.” Washington Post, March 5, 2003.
———. “Unfolding Battle Will Determine Length of War.” Washington Post, March 25, 2003.
———.“War Plan for Iraq Is Ready, Say Officials.” Washington Post, November 10, 2002.
———. “What Counted: People, Plan, Inept Enemy.” Washington Post, April 10, 2003.
Robbins, Carla Anne. “U.S. Nears War in Embrace of Strategy of Preemption.” Wall Street Journal, March 18, 2003.
Robbins, Carla Anne, Greg Jaffe, and Dan Morse. “U.S. Aims at Psychological Front, Hoping Show of Force Ends War.” Wall Street Journal, April 7, 2003.
Sanger, David E., with John F. Burns. “Bush Orders an Assault and Says America Will Disarm Foe.” New York Times, March 20, 2003.
Sanger, David E., with Warren Hoge. “U.S. May Abandon UN Vote on Iraq, Powell Testifies.” New York Times, March 14, 2003.
Sanger, David E., and Thom Shanker. “Bush Says Regime in Iraq Is No More: Victory ‘Certain.’” New York Times, April 16, 2003.
Scarborough, Rowan. “Bush Convenes War Cabinet.” Washington Times, March 6, 2003.
———. “General Tells How Cell Phone Foiled U.S. Attack in Iraq.” Washington Times, May 8, 2003.
———. “Hovering Spy Plane Helps Rout Iraqis.” Washington Times, April 3, 2003.
———. “Lightning Air Strikes, Then March to Baghdad.” Washington Times, March 18, 2003.
———. “Myers Says ‘Annihilation’ of Iraqi Army Wasn’t Goal.” Washington Times, June 30, 2003.
———. “White House: ‘We’ve Won.’” Washington Times, April 15, 2003.
Schmitt, Eric. “In the Skies over Iraq, Silent Observers Become Futuristic Weapons.” New York Times, April 18, 2003.
———. “Pentagon Ready to Strike Iraq within Days If Bush Gives the Word, Officials Say.” New York Times, March 6, 2003.
———. “Rumsfeld Says Important Targets Have Been Avoided.” New York Times, March 24, 2003.
Schmitt, Eric, and Elisabeth Bumiller. “Top General Sees Plan to Shock Iraq into Surrender.” New York Times, March 5, 2003.
Schmitt, Eric, with Dexter Filkins. “Erdogan to Form New Turkish Government as U.S. Presses for Use of Military Bases.” New York Times, March 12, 2003.
Schrader, Esther, and Richard Boudreaux. “U.S. Seeks Overflights in Turkey.” Los Angeles Times, March 12, 2003.
Shadid, Anthony. “Hussein’s Baghdad Falls.” Washington Post, April 10, 2003.
———. “In Shift, War Targets Communications Facilities.” Washington Post, April 1, 2003.
Shanker, Thom. “Assessment of Iraq War Will Emphasize Joint Operations.” Washington Post, May 1, 2003.
———. “Pentagon Criticizes High Rate of Allied Deaths by Allied Fire.” New York Times, October 3, 2003.
———. “Risk of Being Killed by Own Side Increases.” New York Times, April 8, 2003.
Shanker, Thom, and Eric Schmitt. “Rumsfeld Seeks Consensus through Jousting.” New York Times, March 19, 2003.
Smith, Michael. “U.S. ‘Clears’ Crew Who Shot Down Tornado.” London Daily Telegram, July 16, 2003.
Spiegel, Peter. “Thinking Ahead with the Pentagon’s Planners.” London Financial Times, April 16, 2003.
Squitieri, Tom. “What Could Go Wrong in War.” USA Today, March 13, 2003.
Squitieri, Tom, and Dave Moniz. “U.S. War Plans: Blast Away Saddam’s Support.” USA Today, November 11, 2002.
Stevenson, Richard W. “As Diplomatic Effort Ends, President Vows to Act.” New York Times, March 18, 2003.
Sullivan, Kevin, and Rajiv Chandrasekaran. “Hussein’s Two Sons Killed in Firefight with U.S. Troops.” Washington Post, July 22, 2003.
Svitak, Amy. “Force of the Future.” Army Times, November 25, 2002.
Tweedie, Neil. “U.S. Fighter ‘Shot Down with Missile Left by SBS.’” London Daily Telegraph, June 6, 2003.
Tweedie, Neil, and Michael Smith. “Britain ‘To Play Full Role in Iraq Invasion.’” London Daily Telegraph, March 13, 2003.
Tyler, Patrick E. “Attack from Two Sides Shatters the Iraqi Republican Guard.” New York Times, April 3, 2003.
———. “Iraq Is Planning Protracted War.” New York Times, April 2, 2003.
———. “Two U.S. Columns Are Advancing on Baghdad.” New York Times, April 1, 2003.
“U.S., Britain Double Daily Flights over Southern Iraq.” Baltimore Sun, March 6, 2003.
Weir, Fred. “Iraqi Defeat Jolts Russian Military.” Christian Science Monitor, April 16, 2003.
Weisman, Jonathan. “Patriot Missiles Seemingly Falter for Second Time.” Washington Post, March 26, 2003.
———. “Rumsfeld and Myers Defend War Plan.” Washington Post, April 2, 2003.
Williams, Carol J. “Navy Does Battle with Sandstorms on the Sea.” Los Angeles Times, March 27, 2003.
———. “Super Hornet Creates a Buzz in the Gulf.” Los Angeles Times, April 1, 2003.
Briefings
“Air Support Operations Center (ASOC) Employment.” Briefing presented at the Air Force Doctrine Summit IV, sponsored by the Air Force Doctrine Center, Maxwell AFB, Ala., November 17, 2003.
Darnell, Maj. Gen. Daniel J., USAF. “Operation Iraqi Freedom.” Undated briefing.
Moseley, Lt. Gen. T. Michael, USAF. “Operation Iraqi Freedom: Initial CFACC Roll-up.” Briefing given at a CENTAF-sponsored symposium to assess and document allied air operations during the three weeks of major combat in Operation Iraqi Freedom, Nellis AFB, Nev., July 18, 2003.
Neal, Curt. “JAGO [Joint Air Ground Office of Air Combat Command] ASOC Tiger Team: ASOC/TACP Reorganization to Support UEx [Unit of Employment ‘X’].” Briefing slides, USAF Air Ground Operations School, Nellis AFB, Nev., 2005.
Nichols, Vice Adm. David C., USN. “Operation Iraqi Freedom: CFACC/CAOC/NALE.” Briefing by the then deputy combined force air component commander, Operation Iraqi Freedom, no date.
“Operation Iraqi Freedom.” Briefing charts, 32nd Army Air and Missile Defense Command, Fort Bliss, Tex., September 2003.
“RAF Contribution to Operation Iraqi Freedom.” Briefing by 23 Squadron, RAF Waddington, October 29, 2004.
Simpson, Lt. Col. Mark, USAF. “Air Power Lessons from Operation Iraqi Freedom.” ACC/XPSX, Headquarters Air Combat Command, Langley AFB, Va., November 25, 2003.
Thompson, Loren B. “ISR Lessons of Iraq.” Briefing prepared for the Defense News ISR Integration Conference, Washington, D.C., November 18, 2003.
Wallace, Lt. Gen. William S., USA. “Joint Effects in OIF [Operation Iraqi Freedom]: A V Corps Perspective.” Briefing slides, U.S. Army Combined Arms Center, Fort Leavenworth, Kans., no date.
———. “Joint Fires in OIF [Operation Iraqi Freedom]: What Worked for the V (U.S.) Corps.” Briefing slides, U.S. Army Combined Arms Center, Fort Leavenworth, Kans., no date.
Interviews
Brown, Group Captain Geoff, RAAF, Operation Falconer air component commander, April 9, 2008. Official interview provided to the author by the RAAF Air Power Development Center, Canberra, Australia.
Halupka, Group Captain Otto, RAAF, Operation Falconer air planner, May 14, 2008. Official interview provided to the author by the RAAF Air Power Development Center, Canberra, Australia.
Henman, Group Captain Bill, RAAF, Operation Falconer commander of the air combat wing, April 9, 2007. Official interview provided to the author by the RAAF Air Power Studies Center, Canberra, Australia.
Hill, Senator the Honorable Robert, Minister for Defense. Press interview, RAAF Base Richmond, New South Wales, Australia, February 7, 2003.
Hupfeld, Wing Commander Melvin, RAAF, Operation Falconer commanding officer No. 75 Squadron, September 16, 2003. Official interview provided to the author by the RAAF Air Power Development Center, Canberra, Australia.
Keir, Wing Commander Richard, RAAF, Operation Falconer air element headquarters chief of intelligence and targeting, February 19, 2007. Official interview provided to the author by the RAAF Air Power Development Center, Canberra, Australia.
McKiernan, Lt. Gen. David D., USA. Interview, U.S. Army Center of Military History, Washington, D.C., June 30, 2003.