Illustrations

1.1 Copper engraving by François-Louis Couché depicting the explosion of the gunpowder factory at Grenelle on August 31, 1794

1.2 Illustration of the Invisible Girl from Rodolphe Radau’s Wonders of Acoustics (1870)

1.3 Iconismus II by Samuel Morland (1672)

1.4 Varieties of eighteenth-century speaking trumpets and ear trumpets from Pieter van Musschenbroek’s Elementa (1734)

2.1 Diagram of Charles Wheatstone’s Enchanted Lyre (1831)

2.2 Diagram of the differential stethoscope by Somerville Scott Alison (1858)

2.3 Diagram of the homophone by Anton Steinhauser (1879)

2.4 Diagram of the pseudophone by Sylvanus P. Thompson (1879)

2.5 Woodcut depicting one of the four halls reserved for théâtrophonic audition at the International Exhibition of Electricity in Paris (1881)

2.6 Electrophone demonstrator by Foulsham and Banfield (1901)

2.7 Hugo Münsterberg seated in the rotating chair apparatus at the Harvard Psychological Laboratory (1893)

3.1 “The End of the War: A Graphic Record” (1919)

3.2 A School of Listening at Dugny, France (1917)

3.3 Diagram of the viseur acoustique by Labrouste (1916)

3.4 Illustration of a listening well with a double-disc sound locator (1922)

3.5 René Baillaud (left) and a French soldier (right) with a wooden Baillaud paraboloid (1916)

3.6 A Baillaud paraboloid with an automatic course plotter (1917)

3.7 An American geophone, used for mine rescue work during the interwar period (1928)

3.8 Diagram of the sound locator by Erich Moritz von Hornbostel and Max Wertheimer (1923)

3.9 Illustration of the topophone by Alfred M. Mayer (1880)

3.10 British soldiers with a four-horn sound locator (1938)

3.11 Screenshots from Historical Film No. 1132 by the U.S. Department of Defense (1935)

3.12 Soldiers with an acoustic goniometer (1917)

3.13 Diagrams depicting (a) side and (b) top views of the myriaphone (1920)

3.14 An early model of the Perrin telesitemeter, featuring only two myriaphones (1917)

3.15 A Perrin telesitemeter with four myriaphones (1980)

4.1 “Oscar the Dummy with Microphonic Ears” (1933)

4.2 “Oscar, the Auditory Perspective Dummy” (1933)

4.3 The stage of the Oscar Show at the Chicago World’s Fair (1933)

4.4 The stage of Constitution Hall (1933)

4.5 E. C. Wente and A. L. Thuras, with loudspeakers used for the reproduction of music in auditory perspective (1933)

4.6 Diagram of the loudspeaker arrangement used in the Philadelphia-Washington demonstration (1933)

4.7 “W. B. Snow with control apparatus” (1933)

4.8 Harvey Fletcher, Leopold Stokowski, and W. B. Snow (1940)

4.9 “The enhancement control unit of the stereophonic system” (1940)

5.1 Harold Burris-Meyer at the first Sound Show (1934)

5.2 Inside the sound control booth at the first Sound Show (1934)

5.3 Paul Robeson (seated), Eslanda Goode Robeson (right), and Harold Burris-Meyer (second from right) at the second Sound Show (1941)

5.4 “Music at Work” (1944)

5.5 “One of Polly’s loudspeakers” (1946)

5.6 “Interior of the [patrol bomber] PB4-Y showing amplifiers, magnetic wire recorder-reproducers, and control panel” (1946)

6.1 Pierre Schaeffer with the pupitre d’espace (1955)

6.2 Diagram of the pupitre d’espace by Jacques Poullin (1954)

6.3 Photograph of Bernhard Leitner’s Ton-Liege (Deck Chair) (1975)

6.4 Heidi Fast and participants in A Nightsong Action (2006)

6.5 Heidi Fast during a performance of Song of the Dwellings (2006)

6.6 Photograph of Ayum-ee-aawach Oomamaa-mowan: Speaking to Their Mother (1991) by Rebecca Belmore

7.1 R. Murray Schafer’s “portrait of your city” in Book of Noise (1970)

7.2 “Isobel Map of Stanley Park” (1973) by the World Soundscape Project

7.3 “Prominent sounds heard between 11:00 a.m. and 11:30 a.m., March 6, 1975, from a hillside about 500 meters beyond the village of Bissingen” (1975)

7.4 “Observations from the recordist’s field notes, taken on a recording tour of Beethoven’s traditional walking path in the Vienna suburb of Nussdorf” (1975)

7.5 Julia Barnett Rice’s tootometer (1905)

7.6 Rogers H. Galt, “Noise Due to Specific Sources” (1930)

7.7 Rogers H. Galt, “Variation of Noise Meter Reading from Instant to Instant” (1930)

7.8 Rogers H. Galt, “Noise Levels at Various Places in New York City” (1930)

7.9 “Traffic noise as revealed in the November questionnaire” (1930)

7.10Lautstärken-Karte eines Berliner Stadtbezirkes” (1938)

7.11 “Sonic Boom Carpets above Western Europe” (1967)

7.12 Screenshots of the Montréal Sound Map (2008–ongoing) by Max Stein and Julian Stein

7.13 Photograph of a telecommunications box featured in X Marks the Spot (2013–2018) by Matilde Meireles

8.1 Photograph of Dalieh (2018) by John Bingham-Hall

8.2 Photograph of Silent Room (2017) by Nathalie Harb

8.3 Photographs of Concrete Sampling (2014) by Joe Namy and Ilaria Lupo

8.4 Installation view of 50cm Slab (2018) by Mhamad Safa