| Hb | 13.0–18.0g/dL (♂) |
| 11.5–16.5g/dL (♀) | |
| Haematocrit | 0.40–0.52 (♂) |
| 0.36–0.47 (♀) | |
| RCC | 4.5–6.5 × 1012/L (♂) |
| 3.8–5.8 × 1012/L (♀) | |
| MCV | 77–95fL |
| MCH | 27.0–32.0pg |
| MCHC | 32.0–36.0g/dL |
| WBC | 4.0–11.0 × 109/L |
| Neutrophils | 2.0–7.5 × 109/L |
| Lymphocytes | 1.5–4.5 × 109/L |
| Eosinophils | 0.04–0.4 × 109/L |
| Basophils | 0.0–0.1 × 109/L |
| Monocytes | 0.2–0.8 × 109/L |
| Platelets | 150–400 × 109/L |
| Reticulocytes | 0.5–2.5% (or 50–100 × 109/L) |
| ESR | 2–12mm/ 1st hour (Westergren) |
| Serum B12 | 150–700ng/ L |
| Serum folate | 2.0–11.0μg/L |
| Red cell folate | 150–700μg/L |
| Serum ferritin | 15–300μg/L (varies with sex and age) |
| 14–200μg/L (premenopausal ♀) | |
| INR | 0.8–1.2 |
| PT | 12.0–14.0s |
| APTT ratio | 0.8–1.2 |
| APTT | 26.0–33.5s |
| Fibrinogen | 2.0–4.0g/L |
| Thrombin time | ± 3s of control |
| XDPs | <250μg/L |
| Factors II, V, VIII, IX, X, XI, | 50–150IU/dL |
| RiCoF | 45–150IU/dL |
| vWF Ag | 50–150IU/dL |
| Protein C | 80–135U/dL |
| Protein S | 80–135U/dL |
| Antithrombin | 80–120U/dL |
| APCR | 2.12–4.0 |
| Bleeding time | 3–9min |
| Serum urea | 3.0–6.5mmol/L |
| Serum creatinine | 60–125μmol/L |
| Serum sodium | 135–145mmol/L |
| Serum potassium | 3.5–5.0mmol/L |
| Serum chloride | 97–107mmol/L |
| Serum bicarbonate | 20–29mmol/L |
| Serum albumin | 32–50g/L |
| Serum bilirubin | <17μmol/L |
| Serum alkaline phosphatase | 100–300IU/L |
| Serum calcium | 2.15–2.55mmol/L |
| Serum LDH | 200–450IU/L |
| Serum phosphate | 0.7–1.5mmol/L |
| Serum urate | 0.14–0.46mmol/L |
| Serum total protein | 63–80g/L |
| Serum γGT | 10–46IU/L |
| Serum iron | 14–33μmol/L (♂) |
| 11–28μmol/L (♀) | |
| Serum TIBC | 45–75μmol/L |
| Serum ALT | 5–42IU/L |
| Serum AST | 5–42IU/L |
| Serum free T4 | 9–24pmol/L |
| Serum TSH | 0.35–5.5mU/L |
| IgG | 5.8–15.4g/L |
| IgA | 0.64–2.97g/L |
| IgM | 0.5–2.0g/L |
| Complement | |
| C3 | 0.68–1.8g/L |
| C4 | 0.18–0.6g/L |
| C1 esterase | 0.18–0.54g/L |
| CH100 | 80–120% |
| C-reactive protein | <6mg/L |
| Serum β2-microglobulin | 1.0–3.0mg/L |
| CGF protein | |
| IgG | 0.013–0.035g/L |
| Albumin | 0.170–0.238g/L |
| Urine protein | |
| Total protein | <150mg/24h |
| Albumin (24h) | <20mg/24h |
Adapted from Provan et al. (1998) Oxford Handbook of Clinical Haematology, Oxford University Press, Oxford (with permission).
| Parameter | Neonate | Adult level |
| Platelet count | 150–400 × 109/L | As adult |
| PT | Few seconds longer than adult | Up to 1 week |
| APTT | Up to 25% ↑ | By 2–9 months |
| Thrombin time | As adult | |
| Bleeding time | 2–10min | As adult |
| Fibrinogen | 2.0–4.0g/L | As adult |
| Vitamin K-dependent factors | ||
| Factor II | 30–50% adult level | Up to 6 months |
| Factor VII | 30–50% adult level | By 1 month |
| Factor IX | 20–50% adult level | Up to 6 months |
| Factor X | 30–50% adult level | Up to 6 months |
| Factor V | As adult | |
| Factor VIII | Variable: 50–200% adult level | |
| vW factor | Usually raised (up to 3 × adult level) | |
| Factor XI | 20–50% adult level | 6–12 months |
| Factor XII | 20–50% adult level | 3–6 months |
| Factor XIII | 50–100% adult level | 1 month |
| FDP/XDP | Up to twice adult level | By 7 days |
| AT | 50–80% adult level | 6–12 months |
| Protein C | 30–50% adult level | Up to 24 months |
| Protein S | 30–50% adult level | 3–6 months |
| Plasminogen | 30–80% adult level | 2 weeks |
Adapted from Provan et al. (1998) Oxford Handbook of Clinical Haematology, Oxford University Press, Oxford (with permission).
| Age | Hb (g/dL) | Hct (L/L) | MCV (fL) | WBC (× 109/L) | Neutrophils (× 109/L) | Lymphocytes (× 109/L) |
| Birth cord blood | 13.5–19.5 | 0.42–0.60 | 98–118 | 9–30.0 | 6–26 | 2–11.0 |
| 1–3 days | 16.0–21.0 | 0.45–0.67 | 95–121 | 9.4–34.0 | 5–21 | 2–11.5 |
| 1 week | 15.2–19.8 | 0.42–0.66 | 88–126 | 5–21.0 | 1.50–10 | 2–17.0 |
| 2 weeks | 14.0–19.0 | 0.39–0.63 | 86–124 | 5–20.0 | 1–9.5 | 2–17.0 |
| 1 month | 11.9–16.1 | 0.31–0.55 | 85–123 | 5–19.5 | 1–9.0 | 2.5–16.5 |
| 2–6 months | 10.5–12.5 | 0.28–0.42 | 86–102 | 6–17.5 | 1–8.5 | 4–13.5 |
| 0.5–2 years | 10.5–13.5 | 0.33–0.39 | 70–86 | 6–17.5 | 1.5–8.5 | 4–10.5 |
| 2–6 years | 11.5–13.5 | 0.34–0.40 | 75–87 | 5.5–15.5 | 1.5–8.5 | 2–8.00 |
| 6–12 years | 11.5–15.5 | 0.35–0.45 | 77–95 | 4.5–13.5 | 1.5–8.0 | 1.5–6.80 |
* Guidelines only: wide range in first weeks of life. Platelet count as adult.
Reference: Hinchliffe & Lilleyman, eds (1987) Practical Paediatric Haematology, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester.
Adapted from Provan et al. (1998) Oxford Handbook of Clinical Haematology, Oxford University Press, Oxford (with permission).