Copyright © 2005 by Ira Katznelson
All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
First published as a Norton paperback 2006
For information about permission to reproduce selections from this book, write to Permissions, W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 500 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10110
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Katznelson, Ira.
When affirmative action was white : an untold history of racial inequality
in twentieth-century America / Ira Katznelson.
p. cm.
Summary: “A work that exposes the twisted origins of affirmative action”
—Provided by publisher.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-393-05213-3 (hardcover)
1. African Americans—Civil rights—History--20th century. 2. Affirmative action programs—United States—History—20th century. 3. African Americans—Legal status, laws, etc.
—History—20th century. 4. African Americans—Economic conditions—20th century. 5. Race discrimination—United States—History—20th century. 6. Johnson, Lyndon B. (Lyndon Baines), 1908–1973—Political and social views. 7. Whites—Civil rights—
United States—History—20th century. 8. United States—Race relations. 9. United States —Politics and government—1945–1989. I. Title.
E185.61.K354 2005
323.1197’073’00904—dc22
2004024359
ISBN 978-0-393-32851-6 pbk.
ISBN 978-0-393-34714-2 (e-book)
W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 500 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10110
W. W. Norton & Company Ltd., Castle House, 75/76 Wells Street, London W1T 3QT