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If you would like to restrict the developers to checking in code only after a successful build, then you need to enable gated-check-in. In order to enable this, edit the build definition and then navigate to the Triggers tab and Enable gated check-in, as shown in the following screenshot:

Now, go back to Visual Studio and make some changes to the code. If you try to check in the code without building the application from within Visual Studio, then you will get an alert, as shown here:

Click on Build Changes in the preceding step to start the build in Visual Studio. As soon as the build in Visual Studio is complete, the code will be checked into Azure DevOps and then a new build will be triggered automatically, as shown here: