LaHood, Ray, 433
Lamothe, Laurent, 542
Landler, Mark, 433
Langdon, Ross, 291
Laos, 61
Larkins, Neal, 599
Latin America, 246–68
combined economy of, 254
democracies in, 254, 256, 257, 259, 264
economic growth in, 255
Energy and Climate Partnership of the Americas, 255–56
and OAS, 256–59, 262–64, 266, 542–43
“Pathways to Prosperity” in, 254
U.S. relationship with, 246–48, 251
wealth gap in, 254–55
women as leaders in, 256, 261, 571
see also specific nations
Laszczych, Joanne, 599
Lavrov, Sergey, 231, 232, 244, 577
and Asia-Pacific, 243
and Libya, 371–72
and Syria, 451–52, 456–57, 458–59, 469
leadership, definition of, 583
Lebanon:
Cedar Revolution in, 331
Hezbollah in, 312, 313, 333, 383, 418, 421, 453
U.S. facilities attacked in (1983), 383, 406, 418
Lee, Matt, 98
Leghari, Begum Nasreen, 177
Leghari, Farooq Ahmad Khan, 177
Letterman, David, 231
Levinson, Robert, 422
Lew, Jack, 29–30, 149, 572, 598
Lewis, Reta Jo, 599
LGBT rights, 576–84
Liberia:
civil war in, 274
women activists in, 274–75
Libya, 363–81
“all necessary measures” against, 370–71, 372, 374–75, 450
and Arab League, 213, 357, 367–68, 370, 371, 376
attacks in Benghazi, 382–83, 385, 390–404, 411–14
civil war in, 355, 364–65, 366
“fog of war” in, 385
Hillary Clinton’s travel to, 377–80
investigations into Benghazi attacks in, 385–96, 406–14
journalists in, 403
law and order needed in, 379, 388
military campaign in, 377
NATO forces in, 213–14, 370, 373–77, 450
no-fly zone in, 235, 357, 366–67, 370, 371, 372, 374, 377, 450, 462, 475
Qaddafi in, 357, 358, 359, 360, 363–75, 379, 460, 555
and terrorism, 365–66
transitional government in, 365, 370, 377, 379–81, 388–89, 404, 455, 460
U.S. staff evacuated from, 368, 380
Zintan brigade in, 378–79
Lieberman, Avigdor, 308
Li Shuxian, 85
Littlefield, Elizabeth, 599
Livni, Tzipi, 306
Lobo, Porfirio, 268
Locke, Gary, 87, 91, 95, 511–12
Lomellin, Carmen, 599
Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA), 290, 467
Louis XV, King of France, 462
Lucas, Laura, 599
Lugar, Richard, 234
Lula da Silva, Luiz Inácio, 255, 259–60, 261, 263, 430–31, 492
Luzzatto, Tamera, 173
Lyman, Princeton, 599
Lynch, Christopher, 598
Maas, Inge, 598
Maathai, Wangari, 276
Machel, Samora, 294
Macmanus, Joe, 599
Madagascar, 272
Magariaf, Mohammed, 388, 395, 396, 404
Magaziner, Ira, 292
Malawi, agriculture in, 279
Malaysia:
democracy in, 60
and South China Sea, 113
strategic importance of, 46
waste management in, 501
Mali, 272
Maliki, Nouri al-, 350
Malta, law center in, 200
Mandela, Nelson, 101, 119, 123, 275, 293–98
aging and death of, 296–97
Nobel Peace Prize to, 298
Manning, Bradley, 552
Manning, Greg, 173
Mansour, Mullah Akhtar Muhammad, 154–55
Mardenfeld, Debbie, 173–74, 197
Marine One (helicopter), 147
Markey, Ed, 494
Marshall, Capricia, 27–28, 404, 598
Marshall Plan, 536
Merten, Ken, 599
Marzouki, Moncef, 402
Massey, Stephen, 585
Mbeki, Thabo, 295
McAuliffe, Marisa, 600
McCain, John, 11, 77, 134, 348, 502
McCall, Dawn, 599
McCartan, Joyce, 571
McConnell, Mitch, 104, 105, 107
McCullough, Terri, 600
McDonough, Denis, 28, 436, 466–67, 468, 530
McFaul, Mike, 243, 551–52, 598
McGovern, George, 249
McHugh, John, 134
McLean, Lori, 599
McRaven, Bill, 191, 192, 193–94, 197
Mead, Margaret, 595
Mead, Walter Russell, 122, 196
Medvedev, Dmitry, 230–36, 238, 244, 245, 425, 552
Meehan, Bernadette, 599
Mehta, Hansa, 565
Merkel, Angela, 16, 209–11, 500, 555
Merrill, Nick, 600
Merten, Ken, 529–30
Mexico:
and climate change, 501
economic growth in, 255
environmental programs in, 255
financial crisis in, 247
independence of, 248–49
Mérida Initiative in, 247, 250
and Pacific Alliance, 254
U.S. consulates attacked in, 249–50, 384
U.S. relationship with, 248–52
mGive, 532
Micheletti, Roberto, 265–68
Michiko, Empress (Japan), 47, 48–49
middle class, 525–26
Middle East, 301–30
Arab-Israeli War (1948), 325
Arab Spring, 49, 121, 200, 272, 331–62, 472
and Camp David Accords, 338, 473, 484
economic decline in, 332
economic reforms in, 344
energy sources in, 350–51
Hillary Clinton’s travels to, 331, 333–37, 479–87
Islamic split in, 352
and Oslo Peace Accords, 301, 303, 305, 307
peace efforts in, 28, 31, 43, 81, 308, 310, 311–14, 315, 323–30, 333
and the Quartet, 323
and Saban Forum, 329
and transitions to democracy, 361–62
violent reactions to offensive video in, 386–88, 399–400, 401–3, 406, 412
Yom Kippur War, 338
see also specific nations
midterm elections:
(1994), 187
(2006), 136
(2010), 234
Mikulski, Barbara, 17
Millennium Challenge Corporation, 537, 544
Miller, Patti, 600
Mills, Cheryl, 27, 28, 86, 87, 123, 527–28, 531–32, 535, 597
Milošević, Slobodan, 138, 141, 150, 221
Mindszenty, Cardinal József, 85, 87
Missionaries of Charity, 58
Mitchell, Derek, 109–10, 112, 118, 121, 123
and Israel/Palestine, 313–18, 319, 322, 324, 325, 326, 329
and Northern Ireland, 225, 313–14, 326
Mobutu Sese Seko, 280
Mohamud, Hassan Sheikh, 289
Momeni, Esha, 422
Mongolia, U.S. relationship with, 61–64
Moran, Thomas, 600
Morningstar, Richard, 240, 598
Morocco:
reforms in, 355
street protests in, 399
Morsi, Mohamed, 347, 348, 349, 473, 475, 477–78, 482, 484–86
Mother Teresa, 58–59
Motsoaledi, Aaron, 291
Mottaki, Manouchehr, 434
fall from power, 200, 329, 341, 342–46, 348, 350, 360, 363, 367, 473, 481, 487
and Israel/Palestine, 319, 323, 325, 329, 333, 340
and violent protests, 338–45
Mugabe, Robert, 273
Mullen, Mike, 129, 147, 148, 196, 407
Munich Security Conference, 344–45, 451
Munter, Cameron, 198
Murkowski, Lisa, 503
Muscatine, Lissa, 30, 560, 598
Museveni, Yoweri, 428, 576, 577
Muslim Brotherhood:
and anti-U.S. protests, 347–49
and Arab Spring, 386
and Gaza, 475, 477, 481, 484–86
and Jordan, 351
and Qatar, 475
rise to power, 472–73
and transition, 341, 345, 346, 349, 477
Mutombo, Dikembe, 280
Myanmar, see Burma
Nagorno-Karabakh, 219
Nalbandian, Edward, 219–20
Nasr, Vali, 155
Nasser, Shada, 336
National Action Plan on Women, Peace and Security, 572
National Building Museum, Washington, 5–6
National Democratic Institute, 360
National Institutes of Health, 538
National Intelligence Council, 25
National Science Foundation, 538
National Security Agency (NSA), 244, 555
National Security Council, 22, 146, 190, 370, 464
and Afghanistan, 133, 140, 159, 198, 213, 422
expansion of, 212
in Libya, 213–14, 370, 373–77, 450
and September 11 attacks, 205
and Washington Treaty, 205
Nelson, Chaniqua, 598
Netanyahu, Benjamin “Bibi,” 306–8
and elections, 306
and Iran, 307, 308, 438, 441, 445
and Jerusalem, 317–18, 320, 321, 328
and peace process, 301–2, 313, 316, 319, 322, 323–29
and settlement construction, 315–16, 317–20
and two-state solution, 317
Netanyahu, Benzion, 307
Netanyahu, Yonatan, 307
Newseum, 556–57
New START (New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty), 234, 243
New York University, 89, 97, 99
New Zealand, 44
Nides, Tom, 30, 198–99, 388, 410, 598
Nigeria:
and resource curse, 522
and UN, 427–28
waste management in, 501
Nigerian bank scam, 547
Nixon, Richard M., and China, 65, 68, 69, 93, 121, 313
Nixon Administration, 136
Nkoana-Mashabane, Maite, 296
No Ceilings: The Full Partnership Project, 585
Norman, Adrian, 598
Northern Distribution Network, 237–39
Good Friday Agreement, 224–25, 226, 313
Hillsborough Agreement, 226
Vital Voices Conference in, 224, 571
in Axis of Evil, 419
Cheonan incident, 56
and DMZ, 57
nuclear capability of, 53–55
repression in, 61
sanctions against, 55, 57, 235, 432
Norway, melting glaciers in, 501–2
Nossel, Suzanne, 33
Nye, Joseph, 33
Obama, Barack, 600
and Afghanistan/Pakistan, 129–30, 132, 141, 145, 146–49, 159, 237
and Africa, 270, 288, 290, 292
and Asia-Pacific, 45, 54, 55, 56, 74, 77, 112–14, 116, 121–22, 124–25
and bin Laden operation, 170, 192, 193–94, 196–97
and climate change, 491–93, 499–500, 504–5
as Commander in Chief, 392
and counterterrorism, 190
and financial recession, 210
and foreign investment, 516
and foreign trade, 515
and Holbrooke, 162
Hillary Clinton working with, 18–19, 51
and Latin America, 248, 249, 251, 253, 254, 257, 259, 262–63, 264, 265
and Mandela, 296–97
and Middle East, 332, 335, 339, 343, 370, 372, 373, 375, 392, 397–98, 400–401, 455, 461, 463–67, 472, 478, 480, 483
oath of office, 19
and “the Obama effect,” 206
and Pakistan, 198
as President-elect, 11–19
and presidential race (2008), 3–4, 5, 6, 8, 10
and primaries (2008), 1–2, 3–4, 8, 15, 22, 420
reelection of, 591
and Russia, 230, 232–34, 235, 236, 238, 242, 243–44
and Secretary of State offer to Hillary Clinton, 12, 15–18, 19, 420
Senate campaign of, 2
West Point speech by, 147–49, 159, 163
Obama, Sasha and Malia, 8
Obama Administration:
Cabinet and team members, 22–25
and drone strikes, 183–84, 185
and Iran, 416, 419, 420, 421, 423–25, 427–29, 433–34, 436, 438–39, 442, 445–46
and Israel/Palestine, 304–5, 306, 313, 315–17, 320, 321, 322, 326–27
Presidential Policy Directives, 534
and reelection, 591–92
Oberly, Kay, 34
O’Connor, Michael, 598
Odinga, Raila Amolo, 278
O’Leary, Ann, 600
Oliver, Mary, 589
Olsson, Kurt, 378–79, 414, 599
Oman:
Hillary Clinton’s travel to, 334, 336–37
and Iran, 416–17, 419, 434–38, 442, 444–45
Omar, Mullah, 130, 157, 158, 165
O’Meara, Joy, 598
O’Neill, Peter, 569
One World Clean Energy, 295
Open Skies Agreements, 516
Operation Cast Lead, 304
Operation Eagle Claw, 192, 193
Operation Neptune Spear, 194
Operation Pillar of Defense, 477
Operation Tomodachi, 48
Operation Unified Protector, 377
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, 570
Organization for Security and Cooperation, 554
Organization of American States (OAS), 256–59, 262–64, 266, 268, 433, 542–43
Organization of Islamic Cooperation, 140, 574
Ortega, Daniel, 263
Oslo Peace Accords, 301, 303, 305, 307
Otero, Maria, 599
Ottoman Empire, 214
Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC), 539
Pacific Alliance, 254
Pacific Island Forum, 497
Pahlavi, Mohammad Reza Shah, 341, 417
Afghanistan border with, 131–32, 146, 155–56, 171, 198, 199, 233, 237
al Qaeda in, 138, 148, 164, 171, 183, 186–87
bin Laden in, 164, 165, 192, 193
counterterrorism in, 189
economic hardship in, 176, 198
Hillary Clinton’s travel to, 176–77
and India, 59, 140, 156, 171, 178, 185, 186
soldiers killed by U.S. forces in (2011), 198–99
sovereignty of, 171, 186, 197, 198–99
Taliban in, 131, 151, 154, 156, 164, 171, 175, 178, 181, 186, 198, 237
terrorism in, 59, 176, 180–81, 182–87, 188, 197, 199
trade with Afghanistan, 155–58
U.S. relationship with, 18, 171, 176, 178–80, 181–82, 185–87, 193, 197–99
Palestinian Territories:
birth rate in, 312
and Camp David Accords, 338, 473, 484
and cease-fire, 349
and East Jerusalem, 317, 319, 320, 328
and elections, 309
and Gaza, see Gaza Strip
and Hamas, see Hamas
Hillary Clinton’s travel to, 482–83
and Israel, 301–30
and Palestinian Authority, 474
and statehood, 304, 311, 312, 326, 328, 329, 482–83
and terrorism, 304, 308, 315, 472
and two-state solution, 305–6, 307, 311, 320, 325, 338, 487
and West Bank, 308–11, 317–18, 322
Palestinian Authority (PA), 308–11, 315, 472, 474, 482–83
Palestinian Islamic Jihad, 473, 476
Palestinian Liberation Organization, 309
Pally, Maura, 600
Panama, trade agreement with, 254, 515
Pan Am Flight 103, Lockerbie, 365
Pandith, Farah, 599
Panetta, Leon:
and Afghanistan/Pakistan, 167, 184, 188
and bin Laden operation, 191, 192, 196
and CIA, 187–89
and counterterrorism measures, 187–90
and Middle East unrest, 388, 392, 462, 476–77
and New Zealand ships, 44
Papua New Guinea, 568–69
Partners in Health, 540
Pascual, Carlos, 252, 439, 441, 598
Pastrana, Andrés, 252
Pataki, George E., 172
Patel, Nirav, 598
Pelosi, Nancy, 11
PEPFAR (President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief), 291–93, 537, 578
Peres, Shimon, 305–6
Perl, Liz, 598
and Arab Spring protests, 355
Gulf Cooperation Council, 352, 358–60, 438–39
Gulf War (1991), 351, 438, 477
and Iran, 421
and Muslim Brotherhood, 475
and oil, 440
U.S. military support in, 352, 355, 438
see also specific nations
Peru:
mass transit in, 255
and Pacific Alliance, 254
Pesaru, Shilpa, 600
Petraeus, David, 41
and Afghanistan/Pakistan, 133, 139–40
and Syria, 462–63
Philip Morris, 510
Philippines:
elections in, 60
and South China Sea, 74, 75, 113
U.S. alliance with, 44, 75, 113
Pickering, Thomas, 406–7
Pinochet, Augusto, 261
Pitsuwan, Surin, 52
Poehler, Amy, 231
Poland:
shale gas extraction in, 241
Solidarity in, 566
Porat, Yochai, 303
Posner, Michael, 112, 519, 598
Powell, Colin, 31, 41, 135, 425, 477
Powell, Nancy, 599
Power, Samantha, 370
Prague Spring, 566
Pray the Devil Back to Hell (documentary), 275
presidential elections:
(2012), 591
(2016), 595–96
Préval, René, 529, 531–32, 536, 542–43, 544
Prikhodko, Sergei, 425
Prosser, Julia, 598
and Eurasian Union, 239
Hillary Clinton’s meetings with, 229–30, 242–44
and KGB, 231
and LGBT, 577
return to power, 235–36, 238–39
and Russian expansionism, 236, 239, 244–45, 503
and term limits, 230
Qaboos, Sultan of Iran, 416
Qaddafi, Muammar, 357, 358, 359, 360, 363–75, 379, 460, 555
capture and death of, 388
fall from power, 381, 383, 450
Qaddafi, Saif al-Islam, 364
Qatar, 351
and Al Jazeera, 318
Forum for the Future conference in, 331, 337
geography of, 475
Hillary Clinton’s travel to, 334
influence of, 475
U.S. relationship with, 475
Quadrennial Diplomacy and Development Review, 551
Quam, Lois, 599
Quartet, 323
Qureshi, Shah Mahmood, 180–81, 199
Rabbani, Burhanuddin, 154
Rabin, Leah, 303
Rabin, Yitzhak, 303, 305, 323, 324, 330
Rafsanjani, Ali Akbar Hashemi, 443
Ramesh, Jairam, 495
Randolph, Lawrence, 599
Rapp, Stephen, 599
Rasmussen, Anders Fogh, 212, 376, 500
Reagan, Nancy, 10
Redelfs, Arthur, 250
Reidy, Carolyn, 598
Reines, Philippe, 12–13, 232, 592, 597
Reinfeldt, Fredrik, 500
religious freedom, 574–75
Reynoso, Julissa, 599
Rezaei, Mohsen, 443
Rhodes, Ben, 114, 468, 480, 598
Rhorer, Richard, 598
Rice, Condoleezza, 31, 35, 231, 262, 332, 366, 593
Rice, Susan, 598
and Libya, 370, 371, 372, 412–13
and North Korea, 54
as UN Ambassador, 23–24, 54, 412, 427
Richard, Anne, 599
Ride, Sally, 309
Riedel, Bruce, 132
Riedel review, 141, 151, 153, 157
Robinson, John, 599
Robinson, Peter, 225
Rodham, Dorothy, 6, 67, 81, 586–89
Rodham, Hugh (brother), 252, 588
Rodham, Hugh (father), 525, 587
Rodham, Tony (brother), 588
Rodriguez, Miguel, 599
Rooney, Megan, 331–32, 580, 581, 582, 598
Roosevelt, Eleanor, 111, 179, 564, 567, 573
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 81, 562, 564
Roosevelt, Theodore, 2
Rosenthal, Hannah, 599
Rothberg, Adam, 598
Rouhani, Hassan, 443–45
Roy, Stapleton, 46
Ruggiero, Frank, 157–58, 162, 164–65, 598
Rumsfeld, Donald, 205
Russia, 227–45
anti-gay laws in, 577
attacks on the press in, 229, 230
Boeing Design Center, Moscow, 516
and Crimea, 212, 227, 230, 236, 239–42, 363
demographic crisis in, 550
economy of, 229
elections in, 235–36
as energy source, 219, 229, 239–41, 242, 521
expansionism in, 211, 229, 236, 239, 244–45, 503
and Georgia, 229, 231, 236, 239, 451
Hillary Clinton’s radio interview in, 229–30
and Iran, 233, 243, 424–25, 427–29, 431, 433
and Libya, 370, 371–72, 450–51
and Mongolia, 61–62
and Northern Distribution Network, 237–39
and North Korea, 55
nuclear treaty with, 233, 234, 243
and the Quartet, 323
re-Sovietization of, 239, 241–42, 245
and Syria, 236, 243, 449, 450, 452, 454–57, 458, 459–61, 466–69
and technology, 557
and Turkey, 219
and Ukraine, 227, 239–42, 451, 521
U.S. relationship with, 230–32, 237–38, 243–45
Russo, Robert, 600
Russo, Seth, 598
Rwanda, genocide in, 369
Saberi, Roxana, 422
Said al Said, Sultan Qaboos bin, 336
Salazar, Ken, 503
Salcido Ceniceros, Jorge Alberto, 250
Salisbury, Lord, 208
Sall, Macky, 273
Samuelson, Heather, 598
Sand, Maria, 599
Santos, Juan Manuel, 253
Santos, Marina, 600
Sarkozy, Nicolas, 208, 209, 364, 368, 372–75, 425, 500
Saturday Night Live, 231
Saudi Arabia:
and Bahrain, 357–59
child marriage in, 352
as Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, 315
and energy resources, 521
Hillary Clinton’s travel to, 353–55
Iran assassination plot against, 437
Khobar Towers bombing (1996), 418, 419
and Qatar, 476
and September 11 attacks, 351
social welfare programs in, 355
U.S. consulate attacked in, 384
U.S. relationship with, 351, 354
women restricted in, 352–53, 354–55
Savage, Dan, 578
Schell, Orville, 46–47
Schwartz, Eric, 599
Schwarzkopf, Norman, 335
SCIF (Sensitive Compartmented Information Facility), 35
Scott (DS agent in Benghazi), 390–91
SEALs:
and bin Laden, 164, 170–71, 174, 193–97
intelligence work of, 199
Secretary of State:
air travel of, 39–41; see also specific nations
avoiding domestic politics, 591
confirmation hearing, 30, 34–35
economic statecraft of, 509
and employee security, 384–85, 393–94, 406–10, 411
and foreign policy architecture, 33
former Secretaries, 31–32
Hillary Clinton’s last day as, 593–94
office suite of, 35
passing the baton of, 593–94
and public opinion, 179
roles of, 21–22, 33–34, 508–9, 515–16, 566, 591
as senior Cabinet post, 15, 68
and smart power, 33–34, 45, 153, 290, 551, 552
transition team for, 30–31
working with the President, 18–19
see also State Department, U.S.
Seeds of Peace, 304
SelectUSA, 516
Selleck, Michael, 598
Senegal:
constitutional crisis in, 272–74
Hillary Clinton’s speech in, 272
Senussi, Abdullah al-, 364
Seow, Jackie, 598
September 11 attacks:
and al Qaeda, 132, 148, 163, 171, 172–74, 175, 183, 197
anniversaries of, 386–87, 390, 400
and Bush Administration, 131, 178, 419
and emergency relief, 173, 532
and European support, 205
and failed states, 286
and Iran, 419
9/11 Commission, 174
and Saudi Arabia, 351
and Victims Compensation Fund, 174
and War on Terror, 174–75, 189, 197, 228
Serbia, 221–23
Seward, William Henry, 13–14
Shafik, Ahmed, 347
Shaheen, Jeanne, 279
Shailor, Barbara, 599
Shalit, Gilad, 315
Shannon, Tom, 262–63, 265, 267–68, 598
Shapiro, Dan, 477
Sharon, Ariel, 312
Sheikh Ahmed, Sharif, 287–88, 289
Shields, Colin, 598
Shillady, Rev. William, 81, 588
Shinseki, Eric, 148
Singapore, and South China Sea, 113
Sinn Féin, 224
Sisi, Abdul-Fattah el-, 349–50
Slaughter, Anne-Marie, 550, 598
Smith, Chris, 95
Smith, Dan, 599
Smith, Fred, 512
Smith, Jeannemarie, 599
Smith, Sean, 382, 389, 390–91, 395, 398, 399, 401, 405, 410, 415
Smith, Stephen, 43–44
Solidarity Center, 517
Somalia, 286–91
Al Shabaab in, 175, 199, 278, 286–89, 290, 467
“Black Hawk Down” incident in, 286
as classic failed state, 286
and terrorism, 286–87, 288, 289, 290–91
transitional government in, 289
Somaly Mam, 517
Somare, Sir Michael, 568–69
Sonenshine, Tara, 599
South Africa:
apartheid in, 295
economic growth in, 495
Robben Island in, 294
South China Sea, 74–76, 78–79, 113–14, 521
Southern Corridor pipeline, 240
South Korea:
Cheonan incident, 56
and climate change, 494
democracy in, 60
and DMZ, 57
Hillary Clinton’s travel to, 50–51, 53–58
and Iran, 440
trade agreement with, 515
South Sudan, 283–86
independence of, 283
oil in, 283–84, 285, 440, 520, 521
Soviet Union:
collapse of, 227, 228, 407, 567
withdrawal from Afghanistan (1989), 21, 131, 147, 178, 186, 233, 461, 537
see also Russia
Stark, Tyler, 375–76
State Department, U.S.:
academic exchanges supported by, 221, 336, 354
Accountability Review Board, 406–10
aviation diplomacy, 516
Bureau of Energy Resources, 439
Cabinet post, 15, 68; see also Secretary of State
career professionals in, 26–30, 135, 414
and chain of command, 374, 408–9
counterterrorism in, 199–200
and democratic values vs. security interests, 333, 335, 340, 349, 351, 359–62, 384, 534, 549, 566
diplomats who died overseas, 34, 188, 250, 382–84, 398–401, 405–6, 415, 529, 594
energy diplomacy, 521–22
and federal budget, 24, 26, 199, 409, 533–34
forward-deployed diplomacy in, 45
and frozen conflicts, 219–29
Heroism Award, 415
and human rights, see human rights
and international development, 534, 539
investigations into Benghazi attacks, 385–96, 406–14
and jobs, 516–17
and LGBT rights, 578–79
and religious prosecution, 574–75
and SelectUSA, 516
and transitions from dictatorship to democracy, 341, 343, 344, 349, 361–62, 379–80
and 21st-century statecraft, 545–57
and WikiLeaks, 252, 334, 368, 552–55
Steen, Florence, 6
Steinberg, Don, 599
Steinberg, Jim, 29, 41, 43, 598
Steiner, Michael, 158
Stevens, Chris:
in Benghazi attacks, 382–83, 390–92, 394–97, 410
and CIA briefing, 389–90
memories of, 399, 400, 401, 404–6, 415
as Special Representative/Ambassador, 368, 369, 388, 389, 411
Stevenson, Adlai E., 424
Stewart, Karen, 599
Stilwell, “Vinegar Joe,” 103
St. John, Gregory, 173
Stock, Ann, 599
Stone, Elizabeth, 595
Støre, Jonas Gahr, 501, 502, 503
Sudan:
civil war in, 284
Comprehensive Peace Agreement, 283
and South Sudan, 283–86, 520, 521
terrorism in, 476
U.S. Embassy in, 402
Suharto, Indonesian President, 51
Suleiman, Michel, 433
Sullivan, Jake, 30, 159, 580, 582, 598
and Burma, 114
and Chen, 83, 86, 87, 91, 97, 100
and Iran, 422, 434, 435–36, 437, 444
Summit of the Americas:
(2009), 248
“Sunni Awakening,” 136, 138, 352
Sun Tzu, The Art of War, 47
Superstorm Sandy, 532
Supreme Court, U.S., 184
Congressional Gold Medal to, 123
and government reforms, 112, 116, 120
and Hillary Clinton’s visits, 101–3, 115, 118–20
and Parliament, 61, 118–19, 120, 122
Presidential Medal of Freedom to, 105
release from house arrest, 108–9, 117
travel to U.S., 121–24
and Yettaw, 106–8
Sweden, and climate change, 501, 502
Switzerland:
diplomacy conducted via, 435
and Turkey, 219–20
Syed, Zia, 599
cease-fire in, 454–55
chemical weapons used in, 465–69
civil war in, 386, 447, 453–55, 460, 464, 468, 472
disorganized opposition in, 460
extremists in, 450, 461–62, 465, 469, 475
as failed state, 460
Free Syrian Army, 465
Hama massacre (1982), 448, 453
humanitarian aid to people of, 361, 452, 453–54
and Iran, 314, 442, 452–53, 456, 460
and Israel, 312, 313, 314, 417, 468
proxy warfare in, 455
and Russia, 236, 243, 449, 450, 452, 454–57, 458, 459–61, 466–69
six-point plan for, 454–55, 457
street protests in, 447–48, 450–52
and terrorism, 450, 469–70, 472
training rebels in, 461–64
transition in, 453, 454, 455–59, 469
weapons supplied to, 452–53, 456, 457, 461, 463
as wicked problem, 461–64, 466, 470
Taban, Anngrace, 284–86
Taban, Bishop Elias, 284–86
Taiwan, democracy in, 60
Taliban:
in Afghanistan, 130–32, 133, 138, 141, 143, 145, 148, 152, 153–55, 163–66, 175, 537
and al Qaeda, 131, 151, 158, 163, 164
and A-Rod contact, 157–58, 162, 164–65
and bin Laden’s death, 164
negotiation with, 156–58, 164–67, 168–69
in Pakistan, 131, 151, 154, 156, 164, 171, 175, 178, 181, 186, 198, 237
propaganda of, 141
tortures by, 130–31
Tantalus, 324
Tantawi, Mohamed, 346–47
Tanzania:
agriculture in, 279
U.S. embassy bombed in, 131, 383, 406
Taylor, Jewel, 274
technology, 545–57
cyber attacks, 547–48
and government surveillance, 549–50
and Israeli defense, 480
male vs. female users of, 585
and Newseum, 556–57
and privacy, 547–50, 552–53, 555–57
and Snowden, 555–56
TechCamp, 545–46
WikiLeaks, 252, 334, 368, 552–55
see also internet
Thaçi, Hashim, 223
Than Shwe, 52, 106, 107–8, 116
Thein Sein:
and elections, 122
Hillary Clinton’s meetings with, 115, 116–18, 120, 124
and Myitsone Dam, 111
as President of Burma, 108–9, 116–17, 123
and reforms, 118, 120, 121, 122, 123
and Suu Kyi, 109, 116, 117, 123, 125
Thomas-Greenfield, Linda, 599
Tibet, 68
Tilleman, Tomicah, 598
Timor-Leste, 591–92
Titanic, 81
Tocqueville, Alexis de, 533
Toiv, Nora, 599
Trade and Development Agency, 539
Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP), 77–78, 254
Treasury Department, U.S., and terrorist financing, 190
Truman, Harry S, 20, 22, 32, 304
Truman Administration, 32
Tsang, Donald, 514
Tubman, Harriet, 14
Tunisia:
elections in, 360
peaceful transition in, 360–61, 460
street protests in, 334, 337, 338, 355, 360, 364, 447
U.S. Embassy besieged in, 399, 402–3
Turkey, 214–20
and Armenia, 218–20
and climate change, 495
economic growth in, 430, 446, 495
and France, 373
and Greece, 218
and Southern Corridor pipeline, 240
and Syria, 450, 453, 454, 462–63
U.S. relationship with, 218, 439
and Zero Problems, 217, 218, 219
21st-century statecraft, 545–57
use of term, 551
see also technology
Twitter:
in Russia, 551–52
and State Department, 551
in Syria, 546
U2, 8
Uganda:
clinic in, 293
LGBT in, 576
military training in, 289–90
and the UN, 427–28
Ukraine:
Orange Revolution in, 240
and Russia, 227, 239–42, 451, 521
United Arab Emirates (UAE), 200, 334–35, 351
intervention in Bahrain, 357–59, 373
and Qatar, 476
and Syria, 453
United Kingdom:
economic recession in, 207
Good Friday Agreement, 224–25, 226, 313
and Iran, 424–25
and Kenya, 278
U.S. relationship with, 205
United Nations (UN):
and Afghanistan, 140, 144, 165
Chapter VII resolution in, 458–59
and chemical weapons, 469
and Crimea, 242
and Cuba, 258
and emerging powers, 430
and Global Counterterrorism Forum, 189, 200
and Goldstone Report, 318
and human rights, 111, 364–65, 557, 564–65, 567, 573–74, 575–76, 580
International Women’s Day, 131
and Iran, 233, 416–17, 418, 424–25, 427–29, 431–33, 435, 439, 442, 444–45
and Libya, 235, 364, 366, 370–74
and North Korea, 54, 55, 56, 57, 107
Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty, 418
P5+1 nations, 416–17, 424, 425, 430, 432, 435, 436, 442, 443, 445
and Palestine, 482–83
peacekeeping missions of, 260, 282
and the Quartet, 323
rotating seats in, 427
Security Council resolutions, 427
and Syria, 236, 449, 450–52, 454–55, 457–59, 469
UN Women, 261, 282, 563, 564, 570
U.S. Ambassador to, 23–24, 412, 427
United States:
and Arctic Council, 502
and climate change, 491–92, 496–98, 504, 505–6
and debt default, 513–15
drug markets in, 250–51
embassies bombed in East Africa (1998), 131, 171, 383, 406
energy production in, 440, 522–23
financial crisis in (2008), 73
and foreign policy, see State Department, U.S.
full faith and credit of, 514
and humanitarian aid, 532–34, 544
and human trafficking, 517–18, 573
immigrants in, 550
interagency competition in, 190
and international trade, 509–10, 515
and laws of war and self-defense, 183
leadership roles of, 482, 496–98, 504, 505–6, 512
LGBT in, 578–81
and Obama, see Obama, Barack
and the Quartet, 323
refugees in embassies of, 79, 84, 85, 87
rumors of decline, 25–26, 47, 52, 73–74
Trade Enforcement Unit, 515
use of torture in, 573
volunteerism in, 533
women and the economy in, 570–71
see also Secretary of State; State Department
United States Africa Command, 393
Universal Declaration on Human Rights, 111, 364–65, 557, 564–65, 567, 573, 575–76, 580, 581
UPS, 511–12
Urda, Gary, 598
U.S.–Afghan Women’s Council, 152
USAID (U.S. Agency for International Development), 26, 61, 277, 406, 551
and Afghanistan/Pakistan, 141, 182
creation of, 541
Development Credit Authority, 539
“Grand Challenges” competitions, 538
and women’s programs, 568
U.S. Army:
10th Mountain Division, 143
Night Stalkers, 193
U.S. Coast Guard, 530
U.S.–EU Energy Council, 214, 241
U.S. Global Development Lab, 539
U.S. Navy:
7th Fleet, 48
and North Korea, 107
SEALs, 164, 170–71, 174, 193–97, 199
USNS Comfort, 530
USS Cole, 171
USS Fitzgerald, 113
USS George Washington, 57
USS Impeccable, 75
Valenzuela, Arturo, 599
Vaysbeyn, Elina, 598
Velayati, Ali-Akbar, 443
Venezuela:
and Haiti, 540
state-controlled economy of, 254, 259
Verveer, Melanne, 563, 567–68, 569, 572, 584, 598
Verveer, Phil, 599
Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations (1961), 409, 435
Vietnam:
Hillary Clinton’s travel to, 61, 76–79
labor issues in, 519
restrictions in, 61
and South China Sea, 74, 75, 78, 113
strategic importance of, 46
U.S. relationship with, 77
Vilsack, Tom, 278
Voice of America, 108, 180, 441
Wade, Abdoulaye, 272–73
Walker, Diana, 378
Walles, Jake, 599
Walsh, Matthew, 598
Wang Lijun, 85–86
Wang Qishan, 512
Warner, John, 136
Warsaw Pact, 211
Washington, George, 167–68, 592
Waxman, Henry, 493–94
Wellington Declaration, 44
Wells, Alice, 599
Wen Jiabao:
and Chen, 88
and climate change conference, 491, 492, 499
and Iran, 432
and U.S.-China relationship, 47, 72, 92, 95–96
Wesley, John, 18
White, Pamela, 599
White, Ryan, 291
White, Stanford, 81
Widmer, Ted, 597
WikiLeaks, 252, 334, 368, 552–55
Wilberforce, William, 208
wildlife trafficking, 467, 468–69
Willson, Jeff, 598
Winnefeld, James “Sandy” Jr., 411, 572
Wohlers, Paul, 599
women’s rights, 560–64, 567–73
in Afghanistan, 152–53, 158, 562
in Africa, 568
gender-based violence in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), 279–82
and Hillary Clinton’s Beijing speech, 66, 560–62, 583, 584–85
Islam’s restrictions on women, 130–31, 352–53, 354–55
in Japan, 571
and the UN, 261, 282, 563, 564, 570
Woods, Tyrone, 382, 398, 404–5, 415
Woolheater, Ashley, 598
World Bank, 563, 569, 570, 571
World Conference on Women, Beijing (1995), 66, 104, 560–62, 584–85
World Economic Forum, Davos, 49
World Health Organization, 524
World Trade Center (1993) bombing, 176
World Trade Organization, 233, 235, 242, 510, 513
Wyllie, Andrew, 529
Wyss, Laura, 598
Xi Jinping, 505
Yang Jiechi, 54–55, 69, 70–72, 79, 107, 114, 427, 554
Yao Ming, 71
Yavuz, Elif, 290–91
Yemen:
and Arab Spring, 355
counterterrorism in, 189
Hillary Clinton’s travel to, 334, 335–36
Yettaw, John, 106–8
Yohannes, Daniel, 599
Yom Kippur War, 338
Yousef, Ramzi, 176
Yudhoyono, Susilo Bambang, 51–52, 60, 106
Zambia, Hillary Clinton’s travel to, 271
Zardari, Asif Ali, 160, 162, 176, 177–79, 184, 197, 198
Zarif, Javad, 445
Zazi, Najibullah, 175
Zelaya, Manuel, 257, 259, 263, 265–68
Zenawi, Meles, 497
Zhang Yesui, 433
Zimbabwe, 273
Zoellick, Robert, 75