Archives
The National Archives of the United Kingdom (Kew, London):
CAB/129/144, ‘Press notice following meeting between Home Secretary James Callaghan and influential Roman Catholic deputation from Belfast’, dated 12 September 1969
CAB/128/48, ‘Top Secret Meeting of the Cabinet’, dated 27 July 1972
CJ 3/13, ‘Relations with the Government of Northern Ireland: Formal Requests for Military Assistance and Subsequent Role of the Military’, all documents dated August 1969
DEFE 70/214, Appended Letter to the document ‘The Future of Internment’, dated 14 February 1972
DEFE 70/644, ‘IRA Mine Warfare – Command Detonated Mines’, dated 7 August 1972
DEFE 24/1945, ‘Armed Helicopters in Northern Ireland’, dated 20 March 1973
DEFE 24/1226, ‘Northern Ireland: Notes of Meetings’, all documents dated 1976 and 1977
DEFE 24/1618, ‘Working Group on Security Forces Capability’, all documents dated 1977
DEFE 11/918, ‘Possible Loyalist Disturbances in Northern Ireland’, memos dated 26 and 27 April and 2 and 4 May 1977
DEFE 11/918, ‘PM’s Private Secretary to Northern Ireland Office’, dated 28 April 1977
DEFE 11/918, ‘Correspondence from Roy Mason to Fred Malley’, dated 18 May 1977 DEFE 11/918, ‘Directive for the General Officer Commanding Northern Ireland as Director of Military Operations’, dated 28 July 1977
DEFE 11/918, ‘Transcript of a Speech by Roy Mason to the Mid-Atlantic Club, Washington D.C.’, dated 17 October 1977
DEFE 11/918, ‘Commander Land Forces Operational Summary for the 2 Weeks ending 19 October 1977’, dated 19 October 1977
FCO 87/221, ‘Report by Frank Steele of a Visit to the Bogside and Creggan on 4 and 5 April 1973’, dated 5 April 1973
PREM 15/1009, ‘Top Secret: Notes of a Meeting with Representatives of the Provisional IRA’, dated 21 June 1972
PREM 15/1011, ‘Top Secret – Perimeter – Northern Ireland: Draft Rules of Engagement’, dated 26 July 1972
Unknown reference, ‘Report entitled ‘Subversion in the UDR’ prepared by British Military Intelligence in August 1973’, dated August 1973. Available at: <http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/publicrecords/1973/subve rsion_in_the_udr.htm> (accessed 17 September 2010)
London School of Economics and Political Science Archives:
Papers of Merlyn Rees (Baron Merlyn-Rees), 1920–2006
Public Records Office of Northern Ireland (Belfast):
GOV 3/17/3, Correspondence between Lieutenant-General Sir Harry Tuzo and the Governor of Northern Ireland, Lord Grey of Naunton, relating to the security situation in border areas, dated 4 and 7 September 1971
PRONI, PM 5/2/1, Private letter from Dr Norman Laird, Stormont MP for St Anne’s, to Major James Chichester-Clark, 27 September 1969
Special Collections, Bodleian Library:
Clement Attlee, Harold Wilson and James Callaghan Papers
Interviews
Interview with the leader of the UVF, 9 September 2004. This individual has allegedly commanded the organization since the 1970s
Interview with Billy Mitchell, 16 September 2005. Former high-ranking member of the UVF in the 1970s and Progressive Unionist Party strategist from the early 1990s until his death in 2006
Interview with a former British Army staff officer, 21 June 2010. A former major who manned the Army’s ‘press desk’ at HQNI, 1970–73
Interview with Tommy Gorman, 23 June 2010. Former member of the Provisional IRA and senior operations officer in the Belfast Brigade’s engineering department
Interview with Jon McCourt, 23 June 2010. Former member of the Derry IRA, 1969–75; now well-respected peace advocate in Derry City
Interview with a former member of 2 Para, and later the UDR/RIR, 31 August 2010. Served several tours throughout Northern Ireland in the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s
Interview with a former member of the UDR, 1 September 2010. Based in the County Derry/Londonderry area and who served from 1971 until 1992 in both a part-time and full-time capacity
Interview with a former Royal Engineers Search Adviser, 17 September 2010. Served several tours in the 1970s and 1980s
Interview with a former officer from the UDR/RIR, 22 September 2010. Based mainly in the County Antrim area
Official publications
Cameron, Disturbances in Northern Ireland, Presented to Parliament September 1969, Cmd. 532 (Belfast, 1969)
Independent Monitoring Commission, Reports of the IMC, 2004–2010. Accessed at: <http://www.independentmonitoringcommission.org> (accessed 13 October 2010)
Northern Ireland Community Relations Commission Research Unit, Flight: A Report on Population Movement in Belfast during August 1971 (Belfast, 1971)
Northern Ireland House of Commons, Parliamentary Debates: Official Report (Hansard), 1921–72
Northern Ireland Office, The Agreement, 1998. Archived at:
<http://www.nio.gov.uk/agreement.pdf> (accessed 15 July 2010)
Saville, Report of the Bloody Sunday Inquiry, Archived at: <http://report.bloody-sunday-inquiry.org> (accessed 15 June 2010)
Scarman, Violence and Civil Disturbances in Northern Ireland in 1969. Presented to Parliament April 1972, Cmd. 566 (Belfast, 1972)
Articles and book chapters
Benest, David, ‘Aden to Northern Ireland, 1966–76’ in Strachan, Hew, ed., Big Wars and Small Wars: The British Army and the Lessons of War in the Twentieth Century, London, 2006, pp. 115–44
Bennett, Huw, ‘From Direct Rule to Motorman: Adjusting British Military Strategy for Northern Ireland in 1972’, Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, 33(6) (June 2010), pp. 511–32
Dixon, Paul, ‘Hearts and Minds? British Counter-insurgency in Northern Ireland’, Journal of Strategic Studies, 32(3) (June 2009), pp. 445–74
Edwards, Aaron, ‘Social Democracy and Partition: The British Labour Party and Northern Ireland, 1951–64’, Journal of Contemporary History, 42(4) (October 2007), pp. 595–612
Edwards, Aaron, ‘Drawing a Line under the Past’, Peace Review: A Journal of Social Justice, 20(2) (April–June 2008), pp. 209–17
Edwards, Aaron, ‘“Unionist Derry is Ulster’s Panama”: The Northern Ireland Labour Party and the Civil Rights Issue’, Irish Political Studies, 23(3) (September 2008), pp. 363–85
Edwards, Aaron, ‘Abandoning Armed Struggle? The Ulster Volunteer Force as a Case-study of Strategic Terrorism in Northern Ireland’, Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, 32(2) (February 2009), pp. 146–66
Edwards, Aaron, ‘Misapplying Lessons Learned? Analysing the Utility of British Counter-insurgency Strategy in Northern Ireland, 1971–76’, Small Wars and Insurgencies, 21(2) (June 2010), pp. 303–30
Edwards, Aaron, ‘Interpreting New Labour’s Political Discourse on the Peace Process’ in Hayward, Katy, and Catherine O’Donnell, eds, Political Discourse and Conflict Resolution: Debating Peace in Northern Ireland, Abingdon, 2010, pp. 41–67
Grayson, Richard S., ‘The Place of the First World War in Contemporary Irish Republicanism in Northern Ireland’, Irish Political Studies, 25(3) (September 2010), pp. 325–45
Iron, Colonel Richard, ‘Britain’s Longest War: Northern Ireland, 1967–2007’ in Marston, Daniel and Malkasian, Carter, eds, Counterinsurgency in Modern Warfare, Oxford, 2009, pp. 167–84
Irwin, Sir Alistair, and Mahoney, Mike, ‘The Military Response’ in Dingley, James, ed., Combating Terrorism in Northern Ireland, London, 2009, pp. 198–226
Kirk-Smith, Michael, and Dingley, James, ‘Countering Terrorism in Northern Ireland: The Role of Intelligence’, Small Wars and Insurgencies, 20(3–4) (September–December 2009), pp. 551–73
Neumann, Peter R., ‘Winning the “War on Terror”? Roy Mason’s Contribution to Counter-terrorism in Northern Ireland’, Small Wars and Insurgencies, 14(3) (Autumn 2003), pp. 45–64
Newsinger, John, ‘From Counter-insurgency to Internal Security: Northern Ireland, 1969–1992’, Small Wars and Insurgencies, 6(1) (Spring 1995), pp. 88–111
O’Dochartaigh, Niall, ‘Bloody Sunday: Error or Design?’, Contemporary British History, 24(1) (March 2010), pp. 89–108
O’Doherty, Malachi, ‘Lessons from Northern Ireland’, The Guardian, 8 May 2007
O’Doherty, Malachi, ‘Blair’s Flaky Credentials’, The Guardian, 26 June 2007
Books
Barthorp, Michael, Crater to the Creggan: The History of the Royal Anglian Regiment, 1964–1974, London, 1976
Bean, Kevin, The New Politics of Sinn Féin, Liverpool, 2007
Bew, Paul, Ireland: The Politics of Enmity, 1789-2006, Oxford, 2007
Bowyer Bell, J., The IRA, 1968–2000: Analysis of a Secret Army, London, 2000
Callaghan, James, A House Divided: The Dilemma of Northern Ireland, London, 1973
Clausewitz, Carl von. On War, edited and translated by Michael Howard and Peter Paret, Princeton, NJ, 1989
Collins, Eamon, Killing Rage, London, 1998
Dannatt, General Sir Richard, Leading from the Front: The Autobiography, London, 2010
Dewar, Lieutenant-Colonel Michael, The British Army in Northern Ireland: Revised Edition, London, 1985
Dillon, Martin, The Dirty War, London, 1991
Dillon, Martin, The Shankill Butchers: A Case-study of Mass Murder, London, 1991
Dillon, Martin, Killer in Clowntown: Joe Doherty, the IRA and the Special Relationship, London, 1992
Dillon, Martin, Stone Cold: The True Story of Michael Stone and the Milltown Massacre, London, 1993
Dixon, Paul, Northern Ireland: The Politics of War and Peace, Basingstoke, 2008
Edwards, Aaron, and Bloomer, Stephen, eds, Transforming the Peace Process in Northern Ireland: From Terrorism to Democratic Politics, Dublin, 2008
English, Richard, Armed Struggle: The History of the IRA, London, 2003
Evelegh, Robin, Peacekeeping in a Democratic Society, London, 1978
Geraghty, Tony, The Irish War: The Military History of a Domestic Conflict, London, 1998
Hamill, Desmond, Pig in the Middle: The Army in Northern Ireland, 1969–1984, London, 1985
Hanley, Brian, and Millar, Scott, The Lost Revolution: The Story of the Official IRA and the Worker’s Party, Dublin, 2009
Harnden, Toby, ‘Bandit Country’: The IRA and South Armagh, London, 2000
Hennessey, Thomas, A History of Northern Ireland: 1921–1996, Dublin, 1997
Hennessey, Thomas, The Northern Ireland Peace Process: Ending the Troubles?, Dublin, 2000
Hennessey, Thomas, The Origins of the Troubles, Dublin, 2005
Hennessey, Thomas, The Evolution of the Troubles, 1970–72, Dublin, 2007
Holland, Jack and Phoenix, Susan, Phoenix: Policing the Shadows – The Secret War against Terrorism in Northern Ireland, London, 1996
Jackson, General Sir Mike, Soldier: The Autobiography, London, 2007
Kitson, Frank, Low Intensity Operations: Subversion, Insurgency, Peacekeeping, London, 1971
Kitson, Frank, Bunch of Five, London, 1977
McDonald, Henry, and Cusack, John, UVF: The Endgame, Dublin, 2008
McGrattan, Cillian, Northern Ireland, 1968–2008: The Politics of Retrenchment, Basingstoke, 2010
McKittrick, David, Kelters, Seamus, Feeney, Brian, and Thorton, Chris, Lost Lives: The Stories of the Men, Women and Children who Died as a Result of the Northern Ireland Troubles, Edinburgh, 2001
Moloney, Ed, A Secret History of the IRA, London, 2003
Morton, Peter, Emergency Tour: 3 Para in South Armagh, Wellingborough, 1989
Murray, Raymond, The SAS in Ireland, Cork, 2004
Neumann, Peter R., Britain’s Long War: British Strategy in the Northern Ireland Conflict, 1969–98, Basingstoke, 2003
O’Dochartaigh, Niall, From Civil Rights to Armalites: Derry and the Birth of the Irish Troubles, Cork, 1997
O’Doherty, Malachi, The Trouble with Guns: Republican Strategy and the Provisional IRA, Belfast, 1998
O’Doherty, Malachi, The Telling Year: Belfast 1972, Dublin, 2007
Oppenheimer, A. R., IRA: The Bombs and the Bullets – A History of Deadly Ingenuity, Dublin, 2009
Patterson, Henry, Ireland since 1939: The Persistence of Conflict, Dublin, 2006
Potter, John, A Testimony to Courage: The Regimental History of the Ulster Defence Regiment, Barnsley, 2001
Powell, Jonathan, Great Hatred, Little Room: Making Peace in Northern Ireland, London, 2008
Purdie, Bob, Politics in the Streets: The Origins of the Civil Rights Movement in Northern Ireland, Belfast, 1990
Rennie, James, The Operators: Inside 14 Company – The Army’s Top Secret Elite, London, 1996
Ryder, Chris, The Ulster Defence Regiment: An Instrument of Peace?, London, 1991
Ryder, Chris, A Special Kind of Courage: 321 EOD Squadron – Battling the Bombers, London, 2005
Smith, M.L.R., Fighting for Ireland? The Military Strategy of the Irish Republican Movement, London, 1997
Taylor, Peter, Provos: The IRA and Sinn Féin, London, 1998
Taylor, Peter, Loyalists, London, 2000
Taylor, Peter, Brits: The War against the IRA, London, 2002
Urban, Mark, Big Boys Rules: The SAS and the Struggle against the IRA, London, 1992
Wood, Ian S., Crimes of Loyalty: A History of the UDA, Edinburgh, 2006
Websites
Britain’s Small Wars: The History of British Military Conflicts since 1945, <http://www.britains-smallwars.com/> (accessed 10 September 2010)
Conflict Archive on the Internet (CAIN), <http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/index.html> (accessed 12 September 2010)
Free Derry Museum, <http://www.museumoffreederry.org/> (accessed 12 September 2010)
Operation Banner – British Armed Forces in Northern Ireland: The Troubles, <http://www.operationbanner.com/> (accessed 10 September 2010)
Audio-visual sources
British Universities Film and Video Council. Archived at <http://radio.bufvc.ac.uk/> (accessed 24 August 2010)