LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure 1. Ouroboros

Figure 2. An example of Cagliostro’s Serpent Seal – the original was destroyed by the Inquisition

Figure 3. Mason’s mark on the tomb of William Schaw in Dunfermline Abbey

Figure 4. An 18th-century engraving of St John the Evangelist, the patron saint of Scottish Freemasonry. Robert L D Cooper

Figure 5. Vitruvian Man by Leonardo da Vinci

Figure 6. Egyptian ‘mason’ = modern Freemason?

Figure 7. Engravings showing the torture of John Coustos by the Inquisition from Sufferings John Coustos for Freemasonry, 1746. Robert L D Cooper

Figure 8. Cagliostro’s magical seals

Figure 9. The alphabet of the Magi

Figure 10. Personal crest of Charles Morison, who rescued the Ritual manuscript from Revolutionary France. Taken from Cagliostro’s Ritual of Egyptian Masonry. Yvonne Cooper

Figure 11. Magical Consecration of a Sword from The Key of Solomon

LIST OF PLATES

1. Count Alessandro di Cagliostro Public domain – http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Alessandro_Cagliostro.jpg

2. Cagliostro’s Bronze Seal http://altreligion.about.com/library/glossary/symbols/bldefscagliostroseal.htm Permission to use from Jennifer Emick, about.com

3. Seraphina Felichiani, Countess Cagliostro From Cagliostro, by W R H Trowbridge, Brentano Publishers, New York, 1910 (originally from a rare French print)

4. The Symbol of the Rose Cross from The History and Practice of Magic, Paul Christian, France, 1870

5. The Chariot of Hermes. From Transcendental Magic – Its Doctrine and Ritual, by Eliphas Lévi. (Trans. A E Waite) London, 1923. Robert L D Cooper

6. A Masonic Anecdote by James Gillray, published by Hannah Humphrey, hand-coloured etching, published 21 November 1786. Robert L D Cooper

7. Declaration of Sentence issued by the Holy Inquisition 1791. The official document issued by the Vatican condemning Cagliostro to death for being a Freemason. Reproduced with kind thanks to Bernardino Fioravanti. Private Collection

8. Castel Sant’Angelo, Rome. Photograph by Robert L D Cooper Feb 2007

9. Fortress of San Leo, Urbino. Reproduced by kind permission of Rachael Vorberg-Rugh (www.flikr.com)

10. The prison cell of Cagliostro, fortress of La Rocca, in San Leo, Italy http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:San_Leo-la_cella_di_Cagliostro.JPG#file photo by YUMA (public domain wikimedia)

11. Cagliostro’s cell – trapdoor seen from above, Fortress of San Leo. Reproduced by kind permission of Rachael Vorberg-Rugh (www.flikr.com)

12. Looking up from inside Cagliostro’s cell, Fortress of San Leo. Reproduced by kind permission of Rachael Vorberg-Rugh (www.flikr.com)

13. Airlie MS 1705 (one of the oldest Masonic Rituals in the world). Robert L D Cooper

14. Masonic Symbol Chart c.1900. Robert L D Cooper

15. Stonemasons at work. Note the Masonic symbolism. Robert L D Cooper

16. Frontispiece from the Constitutions of the Free-Masons, 1723. Robert L D Cooper

17. Masonic Initiation, 18th-century engraving. Robert L D Cooper

18. The Freemason as a Symbol. Robert L D Cooper

19. Masonic apron, c.1790. Note the plethora of Masonic symbolism. Robert L D Cooper

20. The only known official image linking modern Freemasonry with Egypt. Robert L D Cooper

21. Scottish Masonic Knight Templar Seal Box c.1850. Robert L D Cooper

22. Frontispiece from The Pocket Companion and History of Free-Masons by J Scott, 1754. Robert L D Cooper

23. Robert Burns in Lodge Canongate Kilwinning, 1787. Reproduced by kind permission of the Grand Lodge of Scotland.

24. Imaginative 17th-century depiction of King Solomon’s Temple. From Orbis Miraculum, or the Temple of Solomon. London, 1656. Robert L D Cooper

25. Divine Geometer. One attempt to depict the Supreme Being known to Freemasons as the Great Architect of the Universe (TGAOTU). Reproduced with kind thanks to John Baldock

26. Papal Bull 1739. The Papal Bull issued against Freemasonry in 1738 and printed and distributed in 1739. Reproduced with kind thanks to Bernardino Fioravanti. Private Collection

27. Title page of Memoirs, Illustrating the History of Jacobinism, by Abbe Barruel, 1797. This was one of the first books that introduced Masonophobia into the world. Robert L D Cooper

28. Statue of Giordano Bruno (1548–1600) in the Campo de’ Fiori, Rome, on the spot where he was burnt at the stake for heresy. Robert L D Cooper

29. A Serbian anti-Semitic/Masonophobic stamp issued during the Nazi occupation. Robert L D Cooper

30. Another version of a Serbian anti-Semitic/Masonophobic stamp issued during the Nazi occupation. Robert L D Cooper

31. Nazi propaganda poster depicting a Jew dressed as a Freemason as a puppeteer making the world (east and west) dance to his tune. Robert L D Cooper

32. Alchemical Serpent, drawing by Theodoros Pelecanos, from an alchemical tract titled Synosius, 1478.

33. Masonic Ouroboros (cover design) Kirchweger, Anton Joseph. Annulus Platonis (Aurea catena Homeri oder physikalisch-chymische Erklärung der Natur) 1781

34. The Great Symbol of Solomon. From Transcendental Magic – Its Doctrine and Ritual by Eliphas Lévi. (Trans. A E Waite) London, 1923. Robert L D Cooper

35. Title Page of Egyptian Masonry. Yvonne Cooper