Parsing
Warm-up
α. ἴδε ὁ τόπος ὅπου ἔθηκαν αὐτόν.
β. τί ἑστήκατε βλέποντες εἰς τὸν οὐρανόν;
γ. οὐ δύναται σταθῆναι ἡ βασιλεία ἐκείνη.
δ. ἳνα τις τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ θῇ ὑπὲρ τῶν φίλων1 αὐτοῦ.
ε. εἰς ἣν2 στῆτε
ζ. πῶς οὖν σταθήσεται ἡ βασιλεία αὐτοῦ;
η. ὁ δὲ ἔφη αὐτῷ· ἀγαπήσεις κύριον τὸν θεόν σου.
Translation
Because this is the last chapter without further chapters to help review this chapter, I have included more exercises than usual. It is well worth your time to work through all of them.
1. θήσω τὸ πνεῦμά μου ἐπ᾽ αὐτόν.
2. ἀπεκρίθησαν οὖν οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι καὶ εἶπαν αὐτῷ· τί σημεῖον δεικνύεις ἡμῖν ὅτι ταῦτα ποιεῖς;
3. Τότε παραλαμβάνει (he/she/it took) αὐτὸν ὁ διάβολος (devil) εἰς τὴν ἁγίαν πόλιν καὶ ἔστησεν αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τὸ πτερύγιον (highest point) τοῦ ἱεροῦ.
4. Ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ ποιμὴν (shepherd) ὁ καλός· ὁ ποιμὴν ὁ καλὸς τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ τίθησιν ὑπὲρ τῶν προβάτων (sheep).
5. ἔγραψεν δὲ καὶ τίτλον (inscription) ὁ Πιλᾶτος καὶ ἔθηκεν ἐπὶ τοῦ σταυροῦ (cross)· ἦν δὲ γεγραμμένον, Ἰησοῦς ὁ Ναζωραῖος ὁ βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων.
6. εἰπέ μοι ποῦ (where) ἔθηκας αὐτόν, κἀγὼ αὐτὸν ἀρῶ.
7. καὶ ἔστησαν ἐπὶ τοὺς πόδας αὐτῶν, καὶ φόβος μέγας ἐπέπεσεν3 ἐπὶ τοὺς θεωροῦντας αὐτούς.
8. ἰδοὺ ἕστηκα4 ἐπὶ τὴν θύραν (door) καὶ κρούω (I knock)· ἐάν τις ἀκούσῃ τῆς φωνῆς μου καὶ ἀνοίξῃ τὴν θύραν, [και] εἰσελεύσομαι πρὸς αὐτὸν καὶ δειπνήσω (I will eat) μετ᾽ αὐτοῦ καὶ αὐτὸς μετ᾽ ἐμοῦ.
9. οὕτως γὰρ ἐντέταλται (he/she/it has commanded) ἡμῖν ὁ κύριος· τέθεικά σε εἰς φῶς ἐθνῶν τοῦ εἶναί σε εἰς σωτηρίαν (salvation) ἕως ἐσχάτου τῆς γῆς.
10. ἐθεάσαντο (they saw) τὸ μνημεῖον (tomb) καὶ ὡς ἐτέθη τὸ σῶμα αὐτοῦ.
11. ἐζήτουν αὐτὸν εἰσενεγκεῖν (to bring) καὶ θεῖναι5 [αὐτὸν] ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ.
12. τρέχει (he/she/it runs) οὖν καὶ ἔρχεται πρὸς Σίμωνα Πέτρον καὶ πρὸς τὸν ἄλλον μαθητὴν ὃν ἐφίλει6 ὁ Ἰησοῦς καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς· ἦραν τὸν κύριον ἐκ τοῦ μνημείου (tomb) καὶ οὐκ οἴδαμεν ποῦ ἔθηκαν αὐτόν.
13. δι᾽ οὗ καὶ τὴν προσαγωγὴν (access) ἐσχήκαμεν [τῇ πίστει] εἰς τὴν χάριν ταύτην ἐν ᾗ ἑστήκαμεν καὶ καυχώμεθα (we boast) ἐπ᾽ ἐλπίδι τῆς δόξης τοῦ θεοῦ.
14. ἡ δὲ ἐλπὶς οὐ καταισχύνει,7 ὅτι ἡ ἀγάπη τοῦ θεοῦ ἐκκέχυται8 ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις ἡμῶν διὰ πνεύματος ἁγίου τοῦ δοθέντος ἡμῖν.
15. 9 οὐχ ὑμεῖς με ἐξελέξασθε (you chose), ἀλλ᾽ ἐγὼ ἐξελεξάμην (I chose) ὑμᾶς καὶ ἔθηκα ὑμᾶς ἳνα ὑμεῖς ὑπάγητε καὶ καρπὸν φέρητε καὶ ὁ καρπὸς ὑμῶν μένῃ, ἳνα ὅ τι ἂν αἰτήσητε τὸν πατέρα ἐν τῷ ὀνόματί μου δῷ ὑμῖν.
16. εἶπεν δὲ πρὸς αὐτούς· οὐχ ὑμῶν10 ἐστιν γνῶναι χρόνους ἢ καιροὺς οὓς ὁ πατὴρ ἔθετο11 ἐν τῇ ἰδίᾳ ἐξουσίᾳ.
17. ἀπεκρίθη αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰωάννης λέγων· ἐγὼ βαπτίζω ἐν ὕδατι· μέσος ὑμῶν ἕστηκεν ὃν ὑμεῖς οὐκ οἴδατε.
18. μείζονα ταύτης ἀγάπην οὐδεὶς ἔχει, ἳνα τις τὴν ψυχὴν αὐτοῦ θῇ12 ὑπὲρ τῶν φίλων (friends) αὐτοῦ.
19. εἰ δὲ καὶ ὁ σατανᾶς ἐφ᾽ ἑαυτὸν διεμερίσθη (he/she/it is divided), πῶς σταθήσεται ἡ βασιλεία αὐτοῦ; ὅτι λέγετε ἐν Βεελζεβοὺλ ἐκβάλλειν με τὰ δαιμόνια.
20. Ταῦτα δὲ αὐτῶν λαλούντων αὐτὸς ἔστη ἐν μέσῳ αὐτῶν καὶ λέγει αὐτοῖς· εἰρήνη ὑμῖν.
Additional
21. ἐὰν ἱστῶμεν ἐπὶ τῇ ὁδῷ τῶν ἁμαρτανόντων, οὐ δεξόμεθα τὴν χάριν τοῦ θεοῦ ἀλλ᾽ ἀπολεσόμεθα ἐν τῷ αἰωνίῳ πυρί.
22. ἐπεὶ γινώσκομεν νῦν τὴν Ἑλληνικὴν13 γλῶσσαν, ἀνοίξαντες τὴν καιὴν διαθὴκην14 διδασκώμεθα νῦν κηρύσσειν τοὺς λόγους τῆς ἀληθείας.
23. καὶ ἔθετο αὐτοὺς ὁ θεὸς ἐν τῷ στερεώματι15 τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, ὥστε φαίνειν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς καὶ ἄρχειν τῆς ἡμέρας καὶ τῆς νυκτὸς καὶ διαχωρίζειν (to divide) ἀνὰ μέσον16 τοῦ φωτὸς καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τοῦ σκότους, καὶ εἶδεν ὁ θεὸς ὅτι καλόν.
24. καὶ ἔχθραν (enmity) θήσω ἀνὰ μέσον σου καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τῆς γυναικὸς καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τοῦ σπέρματός σου καὶ ἀνὰ μέσον τοῦ σπέρματος αὐτῆς, αὐτός σου τηρήσει κεφαλήν καὶ σὺ τηρήσεις αὐτοῦ πτέρναν.17
References
α. Mk 16:6; β. (Acts 1:11); γ. Mk 3:24; δ. Jn 15:13; ε. 1 Pet 5:12; ζ. Mt 12:26; η. Mt 22:37; 1. Mt 12:18; 2. Jn 2:18; 3. Mt 4:5; 4. Jn 10:11; 5. Jn 19:19; 6. Jn 20:15; 7. Rev 11:11; 8. Rev 3:20; 9. Acts 13:47; 10. Lk 23:55; 11. Lk 5:18; 12. Jn 20:2; 13. Rom 5:2; 14. Rom 5:5; 15. Jn 15:16; 16. Acts 1:7; 17. Jn 1:26; 18. Jn 15:13; 19. Lk 11:18; 20. Lk 24:36; 21. —; 22. —; 23. Gen 1:17-18; 24. Gen 3:15.
1. φίλος, -ου, ὁ, friend.
2. The antecedent of ἥν is ἀληθῆ χάριν τοῦ θεοῦ.
3. ἐπιπίπτω, I fall upon.
4. In the perfect, ἳστημι can have a present meaning.
5. Hint: Identify the root, and remember that the stem vowel can change.
6. φιλέω means I love. In classical Greek it actually referred to the highest form of love, but it eventually became associated with a kiss. In John’s gospel, φιλέω and ἀγαπάω are synonyms, but in later Christian writings, φιλέω has been almost entirely replaced by ἀγαπάω.
7. καταισχύνω, I shame, am ashamed.
8. ἐκχύννω, I pour out.
9. Does the scope of Jesus’ saying apply only to the disciples or to all believers? Don’t let your theology answer this one; stick with the text.
10. You can insert for before ὑμῶν in this context.
11. τίθημι has the same basic meaning in the middle as it does in the active.
12. Hint: There is no reduplication, there is no augment, and θῇ occurs in a ἳνα clause.
13. Ἑλληνικός, -ή, -όν, Greek.
14. διαθήκη, -κης, ἡ, covenant, testament.
15. στερέωμα, -ματος, τό, firmament.
16. ἀνὰ μέσον is an idiom that means between. Hebrew often repeats this prepositional phrase with the second noun, and the LXX of Gen 1:17 reflects that Hebrew construction.
17. πτέρνη, -ης, ἡ, heel.