Grammar
1. Explain how the stem was modified in the following inflected forms. Start by writing out the word’s stem, add the case ending, show the final form, and explain the changes.
a. σάρξ
b. ὄνομα
c. χάρισιν
d. πίστεως
e. πᾶς
2. Write out the seventh and eighth noun rules.
7.
8.
3. List the case endings
4. What determines the case, number, and gender of a personal pronoun?
a. Case
b. Number/gender
5. Write out the paradigm of the English personal pronouns.
6. What are the three uses of αὐτός?
a.
b.
c.
7. How do you distinguish the form of the feminine personal pronoun from the feminine demonstrative?
8. In what adjectival position will you find the demonstratives when they are modifying nouns?
9. What are the four basic rules of the vocative?
a.
b.
c.
d.
10. What determines the case, number, and gender of a relative pronoun?
a. Case
b. Number/gender
11. How do you distinguish the form of the relative pronoun from the article?
12. Write out the “Square of Stops” and what happens to each class of stop when followed by a sigma.
a. Labials
b. Velars
c. Dentals
13. What is the difference between a verbal “root” and tense “stem”?
a. Root
b. Stem
14. What are the three basic ways in which the verbal root is used to form the present tense stem?
a.
b.
c.
15. Write out the Master Verb Chart.
Parsing
Translation: John 12:27–36
12:27 Νῦν ἡ ψυχή μου τετάρακται (he/she/it has been troubled), καὶ τί εἴπω (I can say); Πάτερ, σῶσόν (save!) με ἐκ τῆς ὥρας ταύτης; ἀλλὰ διὰ τοῦτο ἦλθον (I came) εἰς τὴν ὥραν ταύτην. 12:28 πάτερ, δόξασόν (glorify!) σου τὸ ὄνομα. ἦλθεν (he/she/it came) οὖν φωνὴ ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ· καὶ ἐδόξασα (I glorified) καὶ πάλιν δοξάσω. 12:29 ὁ οὖν ὄχλος ὁ ἑστὼς (one that was standing) καὶ ἀκούσας (hearing) ἔλεγεν βροντὴν γεγονέναι,1 ἄλλοι ἔλεγον· ἄγγελος αὐτῷ λελάληκεν (he/she/it has spoken). 12:30 ἀπεκρίθη Ἰησοῦς καὶ εἶπεν· οὐ δι᾽ ἐμὲ ἡ φωνὴ αὕτη γέγονεν (he/she/it came) ἀλλὰ δι᾽ ὑμᾶς. 12:31 νῦν κρίσις ἐστὶν τοῦ κόσμου τούτου, νῦν ὁ ἄρχων τοῦ κόσμου τούτου ἐκβληθήσεται (he/she/it will be cast) ἔξω· 12:32 κἀγὼ ἐὰν ὑψωθῶ (I am lifted up) ἐκ τῆς γῆς, πάντας ἑλκύσω (I will draw) πρὸς ἐμαυτόν. 12:33 τοῦτο δὲ ἔλεγεν σημαίνων (signifying) ποίῳ θανάτῳ ἤμελλεν ἀποθνῄσκειν (to die). 12:34 Ἀπεκρίθη οὖν αὐτῷ ὁ ὄχλος· ἡμεῖς ἠκούσαμεν (we heard) ἐκ τοῦ νόμου ὅτι ὁ Χριστὸς μένει εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα, καὶ πῶς λέγεις σὺ ὅτι δεῖ ὑψωθῆναι (to be lifted up) τὸν υἱὸν τοῦ ἀνθρώπου;2 τίς ἐστιν οὗτος ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου; 12:35 εἶπεν οὖν αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς· ἔτι μικρὸν χρόνον τὸ φῶς ἐν ὑμῖν ἐστιν. περιπατεῖτε (walk!) ὡς τὸ φῶς ἔχετε, ἳνα μὴ σκοτία ὑμᾶς καταλάβῃ (he/she/it might overtake)· καὶ ὁ περιπατῶν (one walking) ἐν τῇ σκοτίᾳ οὐκ οἶδεν ποῦ ὑπάγει. 12:36 ὡς τὸ φῶς ἔχετε, πιστεύετε (believe!) εἰς τὸ φῶς, ἳνα υἱοὶ φωτὸς γένησθε (you might be).
More homework
If you have been wanting more exercises to practice translating, you can now go to the Track One exercises and work through them.