It was Christmas 1912, and the younger McEwan children had been told that Santa Claus was having a few problems with his reindeer and wouldn’t be able to bring any big presents. He did get there, though.
He left four-year-old Danny an orange, a whistle, a candy cane, and some new striped flannelette pajamas that had been made by Mrs. Santa Claus, of course.
“No, she didn’t. She didn’t sew them. Mummy did. I saw her the day before yesterday.” Danny stuck his candy cane in his mouth and crossed his arms tightly over his chest.
“That’s because Mrs. Claus didn’t have time to finish them, so she asked Mother to do it, Danny-boy,” Charlotte said as she scooped him up, hugged him, and pretended to nibble on his candy.
Charlotte, Robbie, and Beatrice each got an orange, a candy cane, and twenty-five cents. Charlotte tried to act surprised, although she had earned the money for the treats and the quarters herself looking after Mr. Trimble next door when his wife needed help now and then.
Mr. Trimble had broken his back in a mine accident and hadn’t been out of bed for four years. They had seven kids, the Trimbles did, but they were lucky in some ways. They had a house to live in, free coal from the company, and a little money every month from relatives in England. They also kept a boarder. People wondered how they ever did it—ten people in a little company house—but Mr. Trimble didn’t take up much room, and five of the kids slept in one bed. The boarder slept on a cot in the attic. It was cold in the winter and hot in the summer, but he was glad to find a place to stay at all.
The McEwans had a real upstairs with two small bedrooms under the gabled roof. The two boys slept in one, the two girls in the other. Their mother slept on a Winnipeg couch in the kitchen.
At noon that Christmas day they sat on wooden benches on either side of the kitchen table and ate roast grouse, potatoes with gravy, and mashed turnip. They admired the tree. It filled the house with the fresh scent of pine, and Beatrice discovered that, through half-closed eyes, the popcorn and cranberry garlands glowed against the dark green boughs.
They “fine-ly,” according to Danny, opened the parcel from Scotland. There was a tartan scarf for each of the children, a silver-and-amethyst brooch in the shape of a thistle for their mother, and some special shortbread and toffee, which they ate for dessert. They all agreed it was just about the best Christmas dinner a family could wish for.
At two o’clock they got ready to go to the cemetery. Robbie didn’t want to go. He was thirteen and considered himself the man of the family. “I’d better go pick some coal beside the tracks. Getting kinda low,” he said in a pretty good imitation of a man’s voice. Everybody could get cheap coal, but those who wanted to go and pick it up beside the train tracks or on the slag heap could get it for nothing.
Charlotte banked the stove and turned down the damper. The sweetish sulphury smell of burning coal was comforting. They would come home to a warm house.
Mabel McEwan opened the trunk where she kept her good clothes, lifted out her tweed coat, and put it on. She looked into a small mirror above the washstand as she adjusted her hat. Then she pulled on kid leather gloves, embroidered with a dark brown clover design across the backs, reached for a clean handkerchief from a shelf behind a flour-sack curtain, and tucked it into the top of one glove.
Charlotte thought that her mother was about the prettiest lady in Extension, when she wasn’t overworried. She had thick auburn hair and dark brown eyes. She also had a way of suddenly becoming still in the midst of turmoil, as though she must listen for every nuance of sound with the intensity of a startled deer. What did she hear? Charlotte had often wondered, but she had learned long ago that her mother didn’t have an answer to that question, or even seem to realize she was doing it.
There were a lot of single men in this coal-mining settlement, and many of them had eagerly offered, during the past three years, to take on the responsibility of the pretty widow and her children, but Mabel McEwan wouldn’t give even one of them the time of day. She said she’d never marry another miner.
“Amen,” Charlotte said.
They broke small branches from the Christmas tree, sent Robbie to fetch some Garry oak from a rocky bluff nearby, and gathered wild salal and Oregon grape from the tangle of undergrowth by the back fence.
Charlotte ran along the road, jumped over a ditch, and broke a single stalk from a snowberry bush. The slender branch with its clusters of waxy white berries was for her sister’s grave.
Danny snapped off sprigs of Queen Anne’s lace close to the dried brown seeds. “To bring to the senta-merry where Daddy and Janet are planted,” he said.
’To the cemetery where Daddy and Janet are buried,” Charlotte corrected him.
“I know that,” Danny said indignantly.
The train that was used to transport miners to and from work was free to one and all that day, and it was noisy with the greetings and laughter of holidaymakers dressed in their finest.
The cemetery was in a little clearing behind the town of Ladysmith, and the McEwans placed their offerings on the graves. Danny divided his weeds into two separate bunches, then tossed them on top of the other tributes.
’That’s nice, Daniel,” his mother said. “Your father was always partial to wildflowers.”
“Me, too,” Danny said, whipping his whistle out of his pocket and blowing it before anyone could stop him.
“Hush. This is a cemetery. Act respectful now,” his mother admonished.
The headstones were side by side:
Here lies George (Geordie) McEwan
Born Glasgow, Scotland, 1869
Died of afterdamp in
Extension Mine Explosion October 5, 1909
Rest in Peace
Janet Louise McEwan
Born April 13, 1900
Died December 18, 1909
God Takes His Own
The year 1909 had been very bad. On October 4, empty clotheslines stretched across dreary backyards for the whole day. No washing out meant one of three things: it was Sunday, it was raining, or there was soot in the air. A fine dust of new snow sparkled in the sunshine on top of Mount Benson, but the little valley nestled below was hidden under a grey veil. In this pall of mist, smoke, and coal dust, the village of Extension went about its noisy business as usual. Trains shunted back and forth, the steam plant hissed to the accompaniment of drumming pistons, chunks of coal clattered into rail cars, and the mine bells rang.
In the afternoon women and children pumped pails of water, carried them into little houses identical to those of their neighbours, and poured the water into boilers on kitchen stoves to heat in preparation for the miners’ homecoming baths.
The mine whistle signalled three short blasts, and underground, men—often soaking wet and always as black as the coal they mined—laid down their picks and shovels, picked up their lunch buckets, and waited for a ride to the top on one of the coal cars.
Mothers called to children, “Go and meet your father now.” They ladled the warm water from the boilers into galvanized tubs, changed their aprons, stirred the beans, set the tables, and lit the coal-oil lamps.
In the morning the women packed double lunch pails: water or tea in the bottom compartment, sandwiches and cakes in the upper. The lunch pails never came home empty, and sometimes, if the worst happened, they never came home at all. Miners always saved a few swallows of drink, a crust of sandwich, a bite of cookie in case they were trapped underground.
After breakfast the men headed back to the pithead, down into the black tunnel.
At eight-thirty on the morning of October 5, the worst did happen. Ever after it was the haunting memory of the sounds that clutched at Charlotte’s heart and made her throat ache. These sounds heralded death: the piercing siren and then the steady, low-pitched moaning of the mine whistle; the sobs of women; the whimpering cries of children; the loud, angry curses of men.
Hours later her father came out of the tunnel feet first on a coal car. His number was chalked on the sole of his boot. He looked perfectly normal, face and hands black with coal dust, cloth cap with a miner’s lamp still attached lying beside him. One arm was flung across his chest as it often was when he slept. But he didn’t move. The blackdamp did that to a man. No blood or broken bones or burned skin or waterfilled lungs, but just as dead as those who came out all mangled and bloody.
The worst of it was that the disaster need not have happened. There was coal dust from a cave-in, and the fire bosses had reported it, but it wasn’t that bad—so they said. The miners were using open lamps, and that did it. Safety lamps were a lot better, but they cost more. Thirty-two men, including Charlotte’s father, died in the mine from an explosion and the poison gas that came after, because the company wouldn’t spend money on better lamps.
Charlotte’s next memory of that terrible time was of coffins being carried slowly up the hill to the beat of muffled drums and the mournful music of the “Dead March from Saul” played by the Silver Cornet Band. It took three days for the living miners to bury their dead comrades.
Charlotte knew many of these men, but they looked different, dressed in lodge regalia, their eyes sad, their voices husky. These black-clad strangers spoke quietly, shook her mother’s hand, patted Danny’s head.
“Don’t worry about nothin’, Miz McEwan, the lodge will take care of the expenses.... He was a good man, your Geordie was.”
A dead husband and father meant no money. After the first rush of help—free coal, groceries, a few dollars from the other miners—they were on their own. The family then numbered six: Mabel McEwan, aged thirty-two; Charlotte, twelve; Robert, ten; Janet, nine; Beatrice, five; and Daniel, four months.
“Dry your tears now, Lottie. It’s up to you and me to raise the little ones. It’s a pity the house is not a mite bigger. We could have taken in a boarder, but the Lord does for them as do for themselves,” her mother said to Charlotte the morning after her father’s funeral.
“We’ll manage to keep body and soul together. We’ll let the word out that we’ll pack lunches for them as needs it. We’ll keep the little ones fed one way or the other.” Mabel McEwan rarely showed any affection. “Being gushy,” she called it when others talked about loving each other or hugged and kissed, except on very special occasions. Charlotte was surprised, therefore, when her mother put an arm around her shoulders, hugged her, and kissed her forehead. “We’ll muddle through,” she said.
“Muddling through” for Charlotte meant quitting school and doing laundry, scrubbing floors, and darning socks for other people. Sometimes, when a new baby was born, she was lucky enough to get a few weeks of steady housework at one place, for which she was paid nine dollars a month.
Then, only two months and twelve days later, it had been Janet, dead with pneumonia.
Sometimes Charlotte got the two deaths mixed up in her brain and imagined her father sweating and gasping for breath in the bed, and her little sister being brought out of the mine feet first. The mine had killed them both. Janet had not been a robust child, and breathing sulphury air laden with coal dust and smoke from the constantly burning fires on the slag heap had proved to be overwhelming odds against her struggle to live.
There were two things Charlotte was absolutely sure of: she would never marry a coal miner, and she would get a job as soon as she was old enough, save her money, and get herself and what was left of her family far, far away from coal mines.
Three years had passed since Charlotte’s father had died, and more and more often she lay awake at night trying to figure out ways to keep her dream alive—not the one about never marrying a coal miner; she was sure that would be no problem—but the other part. How could she make enough money to get her family away from coal mines?
And now things were going from bad to worse. Some miners were out on strike, others were threatening to go, pro-union meetings often turned into shouting matches, and people didn’t have money for extras, like help with child care and housework.
“Beatrice! Get your clothes on this minute. Never in my born days have I seen such a dawdler. Lottie, will you give her a hand?” Mabel McEwan stirred the porridge, shook her head, and sighed.
“Come on, Bea, get a wiggle on. You’ll be late for school,” Charlotte said, pulling a black wool skirt over Beatrice’s head. “You’re eight years old. You should be able to get dressed by yourself. Beatrice! Pay attention.” She bent down to stare into her sister’s face.
Beatrice looked up dreamily. “Char...lotte?”
“Hmm?”
“Do you think if you could go up to the stars...”
“Don’t be daft, Bea. Come on now, don’t be a nuisance. Lift up your arms.”
“But if you could, if you could go up to the stars, would it be all soft and floaty up there?”
“Crumbs, I don’t know. Put on your stockings and shoes.”
“Will you button my shoes, Lottie? Please? That’s too hard a job for me.”
“Yes, I’ll button your shoes.” Charlotte reached for the button hook and slipped small leather loops over the eight buttons on each of Beatrice’s ankle-high boots.
“Eat your porridge now. There’s a good girl.” She ran up the stairs into the bedroom she and Beatrice shared, snatched a faded blue ribbon from the dresser post, ran down, and tied it around Beatrice’s hair. “There. You look pretty as a picture, Bea.”
“Wish I could get some new ones. Some girls at school have a different colour for every day. Ones for Sunday, and different ones for Monday, and everything.” Bea lifted a spoonful of porridge and stared at it intently, as though watching multicoloured ribbons grow out of the mush.
“I’m going out for coal after school today,” Robbie said with a jut of his chin.
“Oh, dear. I don’t think you should do that, Robbie.” His mother put a bowl of porridge in front of him. “Don’t you be making a bother with the Chinese men now. We don’t need more trouble in this house than we’ve already got.”
“But they don’t own the coal, no more’n we do. I’m doin’ it and that’s that. No son of a gun’s goin’ to beat me out of free coal.”
“Robert! Watch your tongue!” Mabel jumped up to grab a dishrag as Danny’s glass of milk tipped over.
“Sorr-ee, Mummie. I didn’t mean to.” Danny looked at her with his don’t-be-mad-at-me-I’m-the-baby-inthe-family smile.
“I’m going to Nanaimo today,” Charlotte announced. “I wish I could get a job.” She stared dejectedly at the floor.
“Bide your time, Lottie. Your day will come.” Her mother lifted Danny down from his chair, said “Go and play now,” and sat down to her own porridge.
“Sure,” Charlotte muttered. “So will a blue moon.”
“What time?” her mother asked.
Charlotte raised her head. “What? I beg your pardon?”
“What time you planning to go to town? We had best wash clothes this morning. We’ve got a batch to do for the Flemings. I hope they can pay cash and not expect to give us eggs and such like for our trouble. He’s on strike like the rest. Sun’s going to shine, so we’d best get the washing done.”
“All right,” Charlotte said, lowering her head again. “I’ll go this afternoon.”