Index
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Abacha, Sani
Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Adams, Charles Francis
Adams, Henry
Adams, John
Adams, Samuel
Afghanistan
Age of Exploration
AIG
AkpoBari, Celestine
Albert, Archduke of Austria
Alcock, Norman
Alexander I, Czar of Russia
Alito, Samuel
Allende, Salvador
Al Qaeda
Alsno Decree
American capitalism: comparison with other capitalisms; comparison with Soviet communism; flaws in; Tocqueville’s view
American Revolution
Amoco
Amsterdam, as European financial center
anarchy
Anderson, Jack
Anglo-American capitalism, see American capitalism
Annan, Kofi
Anouilh, Jean
antitrust laws
Aquinas, Thomas
Archbold, John
Aristotle
Arner, Douglas
Articles of Confederation, U.S.
artificial persons
Ashley Cooper, Sir Anthony
Assyrians
Astor, John Jacob
Atlantic (ARCO)
Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce
Austro-Hungarian Empire
Aztec empire
Bakan, Joe
Baltic, trade on
Baltimore & Ohio Railroad
Bank of America
Bank of England
Bank of Massachusetts
Bank of the United States
banks and banking: and derivatives; early; need for coordinating policies; overall role in financial crisis; size comparison with countries
Barbarossa, Frederick
Barclays Bank
Bardi family
Baring brothers
Barnet, Richard
Barshefsky, Charlene
Bear Sterns
Becket, Gilbert
Becket, Thomas
Beggren, Bo
Belgium
Bell, Alexander Graham
Benn, Tony
Benz, Karl
Bhutan, and happiness
Bill of Rights, English
Bill of Rights, U.S.
bin Laden, Osama
bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Khalifa
Birger, King of Sweden
Bismarck, Otto von
Black, Edwin
Black, Hugo
“Black Hawk Down” incident
BlackRock
Blackwater
Blair, Dennis C.
Blair, Tony
Blake, William
Blanc, Louis
Blankfein, Lloyd
Boeing
Bombardier
Bonaparte, Napoleon
Boniface VIII, Pope
borders, impact of globalization
Born, Berkeley
Boston Fruit Company
Boston Tea Party
Boxer Rebellion
BP
Brandeis, Louis
Branting, Hjalmar
Brazil: capitalism in; and Dutch West India Company; as one of BRICs
Breda, siege of
Bremer, L. Paul
Bremmer, Ian
Bretton Woods Agreement
BRICs (Brazil, Russia, India, China)
Britain: comparative stability in period after 1848; defense spending; as maturing society today; privatization in; sepoy rebellion in India; shrinking the role of government; standing army; street clashes over financial crisis; see also Ireland
British East India Company (BEIC): in aftermath of Treaty of Westphalia; background; comparison with Dutch East India Company; comparison with rise of American corporatism; flag; impact of Enlightenment; and Indian Great Rebellion; Locke’s role; military forces; Parliament cancels charter; as predecessor of today’s multinational companies; Regulating Act; role in triggering American Revolution; scope of operation; and Singapore; turning point in existence; viewed by Adam Smith
Bubble Act of 1720
Buckingham, Anthony
Buckley v. Valeo
Buffett, Warren
Bugeaud, Marshal Thomas
bullionism
Burgoyne, Sir John
Burns, Arthur
Bush, George W.
Cable, Vince
California gold rush
Calixtus II
Callebaut, Charles
Calvinism
Cameron, David
Canterbury Tales (Chaucer)
capitalism: alternative models; beginnings; in China; comparison with communism; in Eurozone; in Germany; in India; see also American capitalism
Carnegie, Andrew
Carolingians
Carolus Magnus, see Charlemagne
Carville, James
Caterpillar tractor
Catholic Church: as first global “private” enterprise; impact of Reformation; role in Thirty Years’ War; and Treaty of Westphalia
Catholic League
Cato (pseudonym), see Gordon, Thomas; Trenchard, John
cell phones
Central Intelligence Agency, U.S. (CIA)
Charlemagne
Charles I, King of England
Charles II, King of England
Charles II, last Habsburg king
Charles the Bold
Charles the Great, see Charlemagne
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles Vasa, King of Sweden
Charles VII, King of France
Charles XII, King of Sweden
Charter of Liberties
Chartist movement
Chaucer, Geoffrey
Cheney, Dick
Chernow, Ron
Chevron
Chigi, Fabio
Chile, ITT in
China: capitalism in; defense spending; and financial crisis of 2008–2009; first appearance of representative currency; foreign exchange market; in history; on Human Development Index; need for capital; as one of BRICs; as past economic leader; public-private tug-of-war in; Three Gorges Dam project
Christian, King of Denmark
Christina, Queen of Sweden
church and state, power struggle between: in aftermath of fall of Rome; Charlemagne and popes; comparison with public-private power struggle; as defining power struggle of Middle Ages; dependence of Holy Roman Emperors on popes who crowned them; Henry II and Thomas Becket; Philip IV of France and Pope Boniface VIII; during reign of Gustav Vasa of Sweden
Churchill, Winston
Citigroup
citizens, defined
Citizens United v. FEC
city-states: Italian; Singapore as
Civil War, U.S.
Clark, Al
Clean Air Act, U.S.
Cleveland, Grover
climate change, supercitizen influence on debate
Cline, Ray
Clinton, Bill
Clinton, Hillary
Clinton Global Initiative
Clive, Robert
Cobden, Richard
Coercive Acts of 1774
cold war, end of
Cologne, role in Hanseatic League
Colonna family
Columbus, Christopher
Commerce Department, U.S.
Commodity and Futures Trading Commission, U.S.
commodity-based currencies
Commodity Futures Modernization Act
Common Market, see European Union
Common Sense (Paine)
communism: comparison with capitalism; failure of; Marx’s views
Communist Manifesto (Marx)
Concordat of Worms
Congress of Vienna
Connally, John
ConocoPhillips
Constantine
Constitution, U.S.: Fourteenth Amendment; corporate assertion of Bill of Rights applicability; no mention of corporations
Continental Congress
Continental Oil
Convention of Skanninge
copper mining, see Stora Kopparberg
copper standard
Corn Laws
corporate social responsibility
corporations: assertion of Bill of Rights; Brandeis’s view of their power; changes in and around 1848; erosion of public support; evolution of idea; and expansion of regulatory state; FDR’s view of their power; and free speech; impact of Enlightenment; Jefferson’s concerns; Marshall’s definition; new U.S. federal and state charters after American Revolution; not mentioned in U.S. Constitution; oldest on record still in existence; public-private rebalancing needed; relocating for tax purposes; significance of Dartmouth decision; size comparisons with countries; as supercitizens; view of Wealth of Nations
corruption: challenge of weak states combined with large corporations; and Citizen’s United case
Cortelyou, George
Corzine, Jon
Council on Foreign Relations
Counter-Reformation
countries: buildup of military capabilities and expenses; major, defined; public-private rebalancing needed; size comparison with supercitizens; supercitizen efforts to emulate; “world’s best” lists; see also nation-states
Credit Suisse
Cromwell, Oliver
Crusades
currency: foreign exchange; history
Dalarna region, Sweden, story of Falun copper mines
Daley, William
Dante Alighieri
Dark Ages
Dartmouth College, see Trustees of Dartmouth College v. Woodward
Das Kapital (Marx)
Dávila, Miguel
Davis, Jefferson
Declaration of Independence, U.S.: legal core; role of Richard Henry Lee; sources of Jefferson’s views
Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (Gibbons)
default swaps
defense spending
Defensors
de Geer, Louis
Democracy in America (Tocqueville)
d’Enghien, Duc
Deng Xiaoping
Denmark
deregulation
derivative instruments
Desiderius, Lombard king
Deutsche Bank
Dewey Ballantine
Dickens, Charles
Digby, William
Divine Comedy (Dante)
dollar, U.S.
Dow Chemical
Dowd, Douglas
Drake, Sir Francis
Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Dutch East India Company
Dutch Republic
Dutch West India Company
East India Company, see British East India Company; Dutch East India Company
Eastman Kodak; see also Kodak-Fuji case
Ecclesia of Athens
economic crisis of 2008–2009, see financial crisis of 2008–2009
Edict of Restitution
Edward IV, King of England
Egypt
Eighty Years’ War
Eleanor of Aquitaine
Eliot, T.S.
Elkins, Co. William
England, see Britain
English Bill of Rights
English Civil War
Enlightenment
Enron
Enso, see Stora Enso
entrepreneurial states: background; defined; Israel; other possible state inclusions; Singapore; United Arab Emirates
Environmental Protection Agency, U.S.
Erik Knuttson, King of Sweden
Eriksson, Magnus
Erik Vasa, King of Sweden
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (Locke)
euro; see also European Union
Eurocapitalism
Europe: countries on “world’s best” lists; criticism of American economic model; maturing societies in; see also European Union
European Union: capitalism in Eurozone; financial crisis; Germany in; need for fiscal as well as monetary union; Sweden joins; tension in balancing individual versus collective power
Eurosocialism
Eurozone, see European Union
Executive Outcomes
ExxonMobil
Fabricius, Phillip
failed states: characteristics; comparison with semi-states; defined; Foreign Policy statistics
Falun, Sweden: comparison to Hell; copper mining in; mines today; mine working conditions; Stora’s corporate structure; see also Stora Kopparberg
fascism, defined
“Fat Mats”
Federal Election Commission, U.S.: Citizens United v. FEC; McConnell v. FEC
Federal Reserve, U.S.
Federal Trade Commission, U.S. (FTC)
Feldstein, Martin
Ferdinand I, Emperor of Austria
Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor
Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor
Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor
Ferdinand of Aragon
Ferdinand of Styria
Ferguson, Niall
Ferris, Wayne
feudal system: capitalism as alternative; emergence of; final end; in India; relationship to mills and milling; robot as vestige
fiat currencies
financial crisis of 2008–2009: and capitalism-communism dichotomy; damage to global image of American capitalism; key players in; lead-up to; role of large financial firms in; U.S. backlash and debate; U.S. Congressional promises of financial reform; Wall Street bailouts; Wall Street testimony before U.S. Senate committee
First Coalition against France
First National Bank of Boston v. Bellotti
Fisher, George
Flanders
Food and Drug Administration, U.S.
Ford, Henry
Ford Foundation
Ford Motor Co.
foreign exchange
Fourteenth Amendment, U.S. Constitution
France: defense spending; as maturing society today; and Napoleonic Wars; revolutions; standing army; supports colonies in American Revolution; and Treaty of Vienna; and Treaty of Westphalia
Franklin, Benjamin
Franks
Frederick I, King of Sweden
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick V, King of Bohemia
free trade
French and Indian War
French Revolution
Friedman, Milton
Friedman, Steve
Friedman, Thomas L.
Fuck, Wilhelm
Fugger family
Fuji, see Kodak-Fuji case
G8
G20
Gage, Gen. Thomas
Galbraith, John Kenneth
Gandhian engineering
Gates Foundation
GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)
Gazprom
GDP, see gross domestic product (GDP)
Geithner, Timothy
Gelasius, Pope
Geneen, Harold
General Electric
General Motors
geopolitical mapping
Georg, Johann
German, Clifford
Germany: capitalism in; church-state tension in; on Human Development Index; as maturing society today
Gibbons, Edward
Gilded Age
Gillette
Glass-Steagall Act
globalization: backlash against; defined; impact of technological innovation; impact on power of state; and Jefferson; in twenty-first century; underestimation of dislocations associated with
Glorious Revolution
gold, hoarding
Gold Crisis of 1893–95
Goldman Sachs
gold rush, California
gold standard
Gordon, Thomas
Gould, Jay
Government of India Act of 1858
government regulations
Graham, Carol
Grant, Ulysses S.
Great Britain, see Britain
Great Copper Mountain, see Stora Kopparberg
Great Northern Railroad trust
Great Northern War
Greece
Greenberg, Maurice “Hank”
Greenpeace
Greenspan, Alan
Gregory the Great, Pope
Gregory VII, Pope
Grimmundr (Viking warrior)
Gross, Leo
gross domestic product (GDP): comparison with corporate economic data; comparison with gross national product (GNP); country statistics; defined; elements of; impact of globalization; problems with overrelying on
Guadalupe Hidalgo, Treaty of
Guizot, François
Gulfstream
Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden
Gustav Vasa, King of Sweden
Gyllenborg, Count Carl
Hadrian I, Pope
Halliburton
Hamilton, Alexander
Hamlet (Shakespeare)
Hanseatic League
Harberger, Arnold
Harper, T. N.
Hayek, Friedrich A.
Head & Amory v. Providence Insurance Co.
Hein, Piet
Heller, Joseph
Henry I, King of England
Henry II, King of England
Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Henry IV, King of England
Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor
Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor
Henry VIII, King of England
Hinds, Manuel
Hirst, F. W.
History of the Standard Oil Company (Tarbell)
Hitler, Adolf
Hobbes, Thomas
Hoffmann, E.T.A.
Holy Roman Emperor: Charlemagne as; dependence of emperors on popes who crowned them
Hoover, Herbert
Horn, Count Arvid
Hot, Flat, and Crowded (Friedman)
House of Folkung
housing, U.S.
Hradcany Castle, Prague
HSBC financial services company
Hudson’s Bay Company
Hu Jintao
Human Development Index
Hume, David
Hundred Years’ War
hyperpower
IBM and the Holocaust (Black)
Iceland
I. G. Farben
Immelt, Jeffrey
Inca empire
incorporation
India: capitalism in; First Carnatic War; Government of India Act of 1858; Great Rebellion; in history; as one of BRICs; as past economic leader; relationship to British East India Company
Indonesia, relationship to Dutch East India Company
Industrial Revolution
inequality
Ingvar the Far-Travelled (Viking leader)
Innocent X, Pope
Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, see Wealth of Nations (Smith)
insider trading
international, as term
International Court of Justice
International Criminal Court
International Labor Organization
international law
international organizations
International Telephone and Telegraph Company (ITT)
International Trade Organization
Internet
“invisible hand”; in Smith’s Wealth of Nations
Iraq
Ireland: under British rule; and potato blight
Irene, Byzantine empress
Isabella of Castile
Israel: as entrepreneurial state; on Human Development Index
Israelsson, Mats
ITT (International Telephone and Telegraph Company)
James II, King of England
Japan: Meiji restoration; oldest businesses in; state-sponsored national army
Jefferson, Thomas: concern over power of corporations; drafts Declaration of Independence; education; favors limitations on ruling authorities; and globalization; and Hamilton; more Whig than Tory; and “pursuit of happiness”; and slavery; views guiding his draft of Declaration of Independence
Joceline of Brakelond
John, King of England
John Company; see also British East India Company
John II, King of England “the Good”
John of Brabant, Duke
joint-stock companies
JPMorgan Chase
Jungle, The (Sinclair)
Kalmar Union
Kampfner, John
Kanter, Rosabeth Moss
Kantor, Mickey
Kare (Swedish goat)
Karl Gustav, King of Sweden
Karl Sverkersson, King of Sweden
Kashkari, Neel
Keith, Minor C.
Keynes, John Maynard
Kirkegaard, Jacob
Kishore Mahubani
Kissinger, Henry
Kissinger Associates
Klesl, Bishop
Kociemiewski, David
Kodak-Fuji case
Kongo-Gumi
Korea; see also North Korea; South Korea
Kossuth, Lajos
Kreuger, Ivan
Kristian II, King of Denmark
Kristinesson, Nicolai
Kuznets, Simon
Kyoto Protocol
labor unions: in Germany; U.S.
La Compagnie des Habitants, in aftermath of Treaty of Westphalia
Lamartine, Alphonse de
Latin America: ITT in; United Fruit Company in; U.S. corporations in
lawspeakers
League of Nations
Lee, Richard Henry
Lee Kwan Yew
Lehman Brothers
Leo III, Pope
Leonhardt, David
Letelier, Orlando
Letters Concerning Toleration (Locke)
Leviathan (Hobbes)
Levin, Carl
Levitt, Arthur
Lewis, George Cornwall
Libya
Limburg
limited liability
Lincoln, Abraham
Lindkvist, Thomas
Linne, Carl von
Liverpool, Lord
Livingston, Robert
Ljungberg, Erik Johan
Lloyd, Henry Demarest
lobbyists
Lochner v. New York
Locke, John; and slave trade
Lockheed Martin
London Virginia Company
Louis K. Liggett Co. et al. v. Lee
Louis Philippe, King of France
Louis XII, King of France
Louis XIV, King of France
Lula da Silva, Luiz Inácio
Luther, Martin
Lutheranism
Lutzen, Battle of
Luxembourg, and corporate relocations
Lybecker, Hans Filip
Machiavelli, Niccolò
Madison, James
Madoff, Bernard
Magellan, Ferdinand
Magna Carta
Magnus IV, King of Sweden
Magnus Ladislaus, King of Sweden
Magnus Ladulas, King of Sweden
Mahubani, Kishore
manifest destiny
Margarita, Queen of Sweden
Maria Theresa, last of Habsburgs
Marie-Amélie (wife of King Louis Philippe)
Marie Antoinette
market capitalization
Marshall, James
Marshall, John: background; Bank of the United States v. Deveaux; Head & Amory v. Providence Insurance Co.; McCulloch v. Maryland; The Trustees of Dartmouth College v. Woodward
Martel, Charles
Martinitz, Jaroslav Borita von
Marx, Karl
Mary of Burgundy
Mason, George
Mathews, Jessica
Matilda, Countess of Tuscany
Maurice of Nassau
Maximilian of Habsburg
McCain-Feingold Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act
McConnell v. FEC
McCracken, Paul
McCulloch v. Maryland
McKinley, William
Medici Bank
Meiggs, Henry
Meiji restoration, Japan
mercantilism
mercenaries
Mercer’s Quality of Living Survey
merchant class, rise of
Metternich, Prince Klemens Venzel von
Mexico
Micklethwait, John
Mill, John Stuart
mills
Mir Jafar
monetary union, European
money, history
Monroe, James
Montesquieu
More, Sir Thomas
Morgan, John Pierpont
Morgan Stanley
Morgenthau, Hans
Morse, Samuel
mortgage-backed securities
Muller, Ronald E.
multinational corporations: as of 1848; as alienation target; current numbers; first enterprises; impact of globalization; nonaligned nature; Singer Company as early example; world’s first
Mun, Thomas
Muscovy Company
Napoleonic wars
National Economic Council, U.S.
national security, as public-private power issue
nation-states: characteristics; as defined by Treaty of Westphalia; four basic components; impact of globalization; modern, emergence; need for more effective international cooperation; see also countries
nautical technologies
Nawab of Carnatic
Netanyahu, Benjamin
Netherlands: and corporate relocations; as maturing society today; supports colonies in American Revolution
Neutrality Act
Newcombe, Alan
New Deal
Newton, Isaac
New York Central Railroad
Nicea, Council of
Nigeria
Niles, Nathaniel
Nixon, Richard
Nogaret, Guillaume de
nongovernmental organizations (NGOs)
Norris, Frank
North, Lord
North Korea
Norway: on Human Development Index
Nuder, Par
Nye, Joe
Obama, Barack
Occupational Safety and Health Act
“Occupy Wall Street” protests
Octopus, The (Norris)
Offenbach, Jacques
Ogier, Charles
Olof Skotkonung, King of Sweden
Olsdotter, Margareta
On Liberty (Mill)
Opel (automobile)
Opello, Walter
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
Osbourne, George
Oscar I, King of Sweden
Osnabruck, Westphalia, see Westphalia, Treaty of
Ottoman Turks
outsourcing
Owens-Illinois
Oxenstierna, Axel
Paine, Thomas
Palme, August
Palmerston, Lord
Palmstruch, Johan
Pandey, Mangal
Panetta, Leon
Paris, Treaty of
Pascal, Blaise
Paulson, Hank
peace conferences, Westphalia as model for
Peel, Robert
Pepin III
Pericles
Peruzzi family
Peter, Bishop of Vasteras
Petrobras
philanthropies, size comparison with countries
Philip II, King of Spain
Philip III, King of Spain
Philip IV, King of France
Philosophical Letters (Voltaire)
Pickard, Ann
Pinochet, General Augusto
plague
Plassey, Battle of, see Clive, Robert
Plato
Poitiers, Battle of
Poland
political action committees
Polk, James K.
poll taxes
Ponzi schemes
Portugal, in European Union
Portuguese East India Company
potato blight
power, see public-private power struggle
Prague
Prince, Erik
Prince, The (Machiavelli)
private power, see public-private power struggle
privatization
Proprietors of the Charles River Bridge v. the Proprietors of the Warren Bridge
protectionism
“Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism” (Weber)
Protestantism
Proudhon, Pierre-Joseph
Prussia
public-private partnerships
public-private power struggle: and The Communist Manifesto; defining relative rights and roles; efforts to quantify; impact of expanded government regulation; and international institutions; lines blurred; as national security issue; rebalancing needed; rise of American corporatism; as tug-of-war
Qaddafi, Muammar
Quality of Life Index
“race to the bottom”
railroads: and J.P. Morgan; Norris’s novel; transcontinental expansion
Raleigh, Sir Walter
Rand, Ayn
Rapport, Mike
Reagan, Ronald
realism
Reformation: birthplace; and church-state relationship; fight against spread of Protestantism; as first nationalist backlash against globalization; historical significance; impact on capitalism…; impact on Catholic Church; seen by Gustav Vasa as opportunity to create national state
Regulating Act, Britain
regulations, government
renminbi
Report on a National Bank (Hamilton)
Report on Manufactures (Hamilton)
“representative” currencies
Republic of Nicaragua v. The United States of America
Ricardo, David
robber barons
Rockefeller, John D.
rogue states
Roosevelt, Franklin
Roosevelt, Theodore
Rosow, Stephen
Rothschild, Mayer Amschel
Rothschild, Nathan
Rothschild, Salomon
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques
Royal Bank of Scotland
Royal Dutch Shell: in Nigeria; size comparison with countries
Royal Exchange, London
Rubin, Robert
Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor
Rumsfeld, Donald
Russell, Lord
Russia: defense spending; Gazprom; as one of BRICs; state-sponsored national army; Viking connection
Russo-Japanese War
Sachs, Jeffrey D.
Safire, William
Saint-Simon, Count Henri
Samson, Abbot
sanctions, U.N.
Sanders, Robin
Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad
Sarkozy, Nicolas
Save the Children (NGO)
Saxons and Saxony
Schwartz, Peter
Scott, Franklin
Scott, H. Lee, Jr.
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), U.S.
semi-states: comparison with failed states; comparison with major countries; defined; need for adaptation; and rogueism
sepoys
September 11 attacks
Seven Years’ War
sewing machines
Shah, Bahadur
Shanmugarantnam, Tharman
Sherman, Roger
Sherman Antitrust Act
Shultz, George
Siegfried of Westerburg
Siemens
Sierra Leone
Silk Road
Sinclair, Upton
Singapore: as entrepreneurial state; on Human Development Index; statistics
Singer, Isaac
Sino-Japanese war
Siraj-ud-Daula
Slaughter, Anne-Marie
Slavata, Vilem
slavery, U.S., extending to new territories
slave trade, and John Locke
Smith, Adam: and Cobden; discomfort with power of big corporations; Greenspan pays tribute; and Hamilton; and “invisible hand”; and Locke; view of competition; view of Thomas Mun; views in Wealth of Nations; and Voltaire
Social Action Nigeria
social contract: among states; and Carnegie; citizens as signatories to; and corporate social responsibility; and globalization; need for companies to recognize; need for governments to recognize; and semi-states; significance of 1848
Social Democratic Party (Sweden)
socialism
social safety net
Somalia
Some Consideration of the Consequences of Lowering of Interest, and Raising the Value of Money (Locke)
Somers, Sir John
Soros, George
South Africa
South Korea
South Sea Bubble
South Sea Company
Soviet Union: communism in; invasion of Afghanistan; see also Russia
Spain: under Philip II; standing army; supports colonies in American Revolution; tercio system; trade rivalry with Dutch Republic
Spanish Netherlands
Sperber, Jonathan
Sperling, Gene
Spinola, Ambrosio
Spruyt, Hendrik
Standard Oil Company; Tarbell’s muckraking history of
Stanger, Allison
Stanislaw, Joseph
State Department, U.S.
states, see countries; nation-states
steam engine
steamships
Steil, Benn
Stein, Herb
Steinbruck, Peter
Stephanopolos, George
Stephen, King of England
Stephen II, Pope
Stevens, John Paul
Stiglitz, Joseph
Stockman, David
stock market crash of 1929
Stora Enso: in Brazil; defined; economic statistics; oldest example still in operation of incorporation idea; result of Stora merger with Enso; as supercitizen
Stora Kopparberg: becomes iron producer; business innovation; buys Swedish Match; defined; documentation of early corporate claims; downturn; early corporate shareholder structure; exports; as forestry leader; frees itself from control by Swedish government; and globalization; merger of Stora and Enso forms Stora Enso; oldest example still in operation of incorporation idea; role in history; royal charter; and Sweden’s Age of Freedom; transformation
Stora Rytterne
Strasser, Valentine
Strong, Benjamin
Stuxnet
Sullivan, James
Summers, Lawrence
Sunoco
supercitizens: characteristics; comparison with countries; corporations as; decoupling of interests from ordinary people; defined; efforts to emulate countries; GDP-to-sales comparison; influence on climate change debate
Supreme Court, U.S.: Austin v. Michigan Chamber of Commerce; Buckley v. Valeo; Citizens United v. FEC; corporate push back against federal power; and corporate speech issue; and evolving theory of corporations; First National Bank of Boston v. Bellotti; Louis K. Liggett Co. et al. v. Lee; McConnell v. FEC; Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad; The Trustees of Dartmouth College v. Woodward; see also Marshall, John
Sutter, John
Sverker the Elder, King of Sweden
Sverker the Younger, King of Sweden
Sweden: Age of Freedom; capitalism in; church-state struggle in; comparison with Exxon; currency history; fights Great Northern War over trade routes; first European paper money; goes on copper standard; golden age; history as social welfare model; on Human Development Index; as incubator for Eurosocialism; joins European Union; launch of Social Democratic Party; as maturing society today; munitions production; new constitution; passes limited liability laws; provincial gatherings; relationship with Russia; response to financial crisis; story of Falun copper mines; supercitizens in; “thing” concept; and Treaty of Westphalia; see also Stora Kopparberg
Sweden: The Nation’s History (Scott)
Swedish Match
Switzerland
Synod of Elvira
Taft-Hartley Act
Taibbi, Matt
Takamatsu Corporation
Tales of Hoffmann (Offenbach)
Taliban
Tarbell, Ida
TARP Program
Tea Act
Tea Party movement
tech bubble
telegraph
Tennessee Coal and Iron Company
Tessin, Count Carl Gustaf
Tharman Shanmugarantnam
Thatcher, Margaret
Theobald, archbishop of Canterbury
third estate, defined
Thirty Years’ War: defined; impact on Catholic Church; mercenaries in; mining military unit; peace negotiations; private enterprise as beneficiary; rise of nation-states; Swedish role; as turning point in church-state struggle
Thomas, Ransom
Thomas, William
Thorgnyr the lawspeaker
Three Gorges Dam project
Thurn und Valsassina, Heinrich Matthias Graf von
Tillman Act
Tilly, Charles
Tilly, Count of
“to big to fail”
Tocqueville, Alexis de
Townshend Acts
Toyota
trade routes
Transparency International
Trenchard, John
Trent, Council of
Tribe, Lawrence
Trichet, Jean-Claude
Tropical Trading and Transport Company
Trotsky, Leon
Trustees of Dartmouth College v. Woodward
trusts
Turkey
Twain, Mark
Two Treatises of Government (Locke)
UBS financial services company
Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCM)
Union of Utrecht
United Arab Emirates, as entrepreneurial state
United Company of Merchants of England Trading to the East Indies, see British East India Company
United Fruit Company
United Kingdom, see Britain
United Nations Security Council
United States: aftermath of Civil War; American Revolution; corporations chartered in aftermath of American Revolution; defense spending; efforts to shrink the role of government; and government regulation; on Human Development Index; national identity crisis; Neutrality Act; Occupy Wall Street protests; revolving door between corporations and government; rise of American corporatism; tension in balancing public and private power; Tocqueville’s view; wars in Iraq and Afganistan; Westward expansion; on “world’s best countries” lists
U.S. Agency for International Development
U.S. Bill of Rights
U.S. Chamber of Commerce
U.S. Steel
Utopia (More)
Uzbekistan
Valdemar Birgersson, King of Sweden
Vasa, Charles, King of Sweden
Vasa, Erik, King of Sweden
Vasa, Gustav, King of Sweden
Vattel, Emerich de
Vernon, Raymond
Vienna, Treaty of
Viking Age
Virginia Constitution
Virginia Declaration of Rights
Visigoths
Volcker, Paul
Voltaire
Von Clausewitz, Karl
Waite, Morrison “Mott”
Wallenstein, Albrecht von
Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.
Walpole, Sir Robert
War of Austrian Succession
War of Jenkin’s Ear
War of Spanish Succession
Washington, George
water mills
Watt, James
weak states, see semi-states
Wealth of Nations (Smith)
Weber, Max
Webster, Daniel
Wellesley, Sir Arthur
Wellington, Duke of, see Wellesley, Sir Arthur
West, Mae
Westphalia, Treaty of: role of nation-state as defined by; significance
Wheeler and Wilson Sewing Machines
Wheelock, Eleazor
Whelan, Theresa
Whitaker, Nathaniel
White, Edward Douglass
Whitridge, Arnold
Wikileaks
William and Mary, English monarchs
Wilson, Charles “Engine Charlie”
Wilson, Woodrow
windmills
Wolf, Alan
Woodruff, George B.
Woodward, William
Wooldridge, Adrian
World Bank
WorldCom
World Economic Forum
World Health Organization
World Is Flat, The (Friedman)
World Trade Organization (WTO)
World Vision
world wars, national armies in
World Wide Web
Worringen, Battle of
WTO (World Trade Organization)
Xe Enterprises
Yergin, Daniel
Yew, Lee Kwan, see Lee Kwan Yew
Zachary, Pope
Zieber, George B.
Zuccotti Park, New York City