INDEX

The index that appeared in the print version of this title was intentionally removed from the eBook. Please use the search function on your eReading device to search for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that appear in the print index are listed below.

Abdelkader, Justin

Abdul-Jabbar, Kareem

Abel, Sid

Ackerman, John

Adams, Jack

Adkins, Larry

African American Detroiters: auto-industry workers; black music scene and entertainment industry; business owners and entrepreneurs; and the Detroit Police Department; and Detroit’s 1968 Olympic bid; the 1863 race riot and immigrants’ attacks on; Great Migration; hiring discrimination; housing discrimination; Joe Louis as hero to; and Polish American communities; poverty and income inequality; racial tensions and urban rebellions of the 1960s; Red Wings’ hockey fans; unions and organized labor; wartime production efforts; Young as first black mayor. See also civil rights movement; Negro League baseball; race relations; segregation, racial Aguirre, Mark

Albom, Mitch

Alexander, Michelle

Algonquin peoples

Ali, Muhammad

All-American Girls Professional Baseball League (AAGPBL)

Amazon (company)

Ambassador Bridge

America First Committee

America First Party

American Association (baseball league)

American Federation of Labor (AFL). See also unions and organized labor American Metal Products (company)

American Negro League. See also negro league baseball

American Trotting Association

Anderson, Elizabeth

Angelou, Maya

anti-Catholicism

Anti-Saloon League

anti-Semitism: and baseball’s Greenberg; Coughlin’s; Detroit of the 1930s; Henry Ford’s; racism and

Arab American athletes

Araton, Harvey

Archer, Dennis

Armstrong, Louis

Arnow, Harriet

Artest, Ron (Metta World Peace)

Auburn Hills, Michigan

Auker, Elden “Submarine”

Austin, Richard

auto industry of Detroit: African American workers; bailouts; cars and production in the 1950s; and German and Japanese manufacturers; Great Depression; late nineteenth and early twentieth century; mass production innovations; and New Deal; race-based hiring discrimination; recession of 2008 and Big Three automakers; recession of the early 1980s; union organizing and unionized labor; wartime production. See also Chrysler Corporation; Ford Motor Company; General Motors (GM); United Automobile Workers (UAW)

Axelrod, David

B-24 bombers

Backus, Jeff

Bacon, John U.

Baer, Max

Baggattaway. See also lacrosse

Baker, Bonnie

Baldwin, James

Baltimore Orioles

Bankhead, Tallulah

Barbaro, Francesco “Frank”

Barkley, Charles

baseball, major league, early radio broadcasts; early twentieth century; integration of; players association; players strike (1994); racism in; Reserve Clause; segregation of; and World War II. See also baseball, minor league; baseball, nineteenth-century; Detroit Tigers; World Series (MLB)

baseball, minor league: African American players; during and after World War II; Ilitch.

baseball, nineteenth-century: Detroit Wolverines and professional leagues; the 1887 World Series; first game in Detroit (1859); founding of the National League; pre–Civil War clubs. See also Major League Baseball

Baseball Hall of Fame

Basie, Count

basketball. See National Basketball Association

Battle of Bloody Run (1763)

“Battle of the Overpass” (1937)

The Beach Boys

The Beatles

Beck, Mary

Bedrock company

beer gardens (1850s)

Beers, William

Belêtre, Sieur de

The Bell Curve (Herrnstein and Murray)

Belle Isle; IndyCar races; and 1943 race riot

Belt, Brandon

Bennett, Charlie

Bennett, Gordon C.

Bennett, Harry; as head of Ford’s Service Department; and Jesse Owens’s position at Ford; and 1932 Ford Hunger March

Bennett Park

Benz, Karl

Bernhard, Diane

Bernstein, Abe

Berris, Bill

Berry, Chuck

Bethlehem Steel

Bigelow, Kathryn

billiards

Billups, Chauncey

Bing, Dave

Bird, Larry

Black Bottom: Coleman Young’s early life; Italian American community; and Joe Louis; Mack Park; the 1943 race riot; Purple Gang during Prohibition; razing of neighborhood (1950s); Robinson’s early life in; urban renewal

Black Historic Sites Committee

Black Legion

The Black Messiah (Cleage)

Black Sox scandal (1919)

Blackburn, Jack

Blagojevich, Rod

“blind pigs” (after-hours clubs)

Blount, John “Tenny”

Bogart, Humphrey

Bolshevik revolution

Book Tower

bootlegging

border, U.S.-Canadian; and an Olympic Games of the future; and Detroit as border town/foreign territory; and Detroit Grand Prix; and Detroit Red Wings hockey; Eminem’s “Imported from Detroit” (2011 Chrysler ad); Gordie Howe International Bridge; Prohibition-era; relationships between Canadians and Detroiters; and the Underground Railroad. See also Canada

Borowy, Hank

Boston Braves

Boston Celtics

Boston Red Sox

Bouton, Jim

Bowery (Hamtramck nightclub)

Bowie, David

Bowles, Charles

Bowman, Scotty

boxing: Barbaro’s “White Hope” tournament (1941); Detroit tradition of; Hearns-Hagler fight (1985); Kronk Gym; Louis’s career; Louis-Schmeling fights (1930s); Robinson-LaMotta fights; Robinson’s career; trainer and entrepreneur Emanuel Steward. See also Hearns, Tommy; Kirschenbaum, Stuart; Louis, Joe; Robinson, Sugar Ray

Boyle, Kevin

Braddock, James Walter

Bradley, Bill

Bradley, Jennifer

Brant, Robin

Brennan Pool

Brewer, Clarence

Brewster Recreation Center

Bridges, Tommy

Briggs, Harvey

Briggs, Walter

Briggs Stadium

British colonization of Michigan territory

Brooklyn Dodgers

brothels and prostitution: in 1850s Detroit; Prohibition-era

Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters

Brown, Larry

Brown Bombers

Browne, Ernest, Jr.

Brundage, Avery: and Detroit’s bids to host Olympic Games; Sports Illustrated profile (1956)

Brush, Edmund

Brush, Elijah

Brush Park

Bryant, Howard

Bryant, Kobe

Buckley, Gerald

Bulla, Joseph

Burghley, Lord David

Burns, Tommy

Burr, Bill

Bush, George H.W.

Bush, George W.

Buszka, Arlene

Cabrera, Miguel

Cadillac, Antoine de la Mothe

Cadillac Motor Company

Calgary Flames

Calloway, Cab

Camden Yards

Cameron, Lucille

Campau, D.J.

Campau, Joseph

Campus Martius

Canada: co-hosted Olympic Games of the future; and Detroit Red Wings; Gordie Howe International Bridge; hockey tradition; lacrosse; and Prohibition; relationships between Canadians and Detroiters; Windsor, Ontario; women’s softball. See also border, U.S.- Canadian

Cannon, Jimmy

Capitol Park

Capra, Frank

Carlisle, Rick

Carlos, John

Carnera, Primo

Carter, Jimmy

Cartier, Jacques

Cash, Johnny

Cass Corridor

Cass Farm

Cass Tech High School

Cavalieri, Lincoln

Cavanagh, Jerome: and Detroit’s 1968 Summer Olympic bid; and Detroit’s “open occupancy” ordinance; and downtown stadium plans; and the 1967 uprising; and racial tensions of the 1960s; support for racial justice and civil rights; and the Tigers’ 1968 World Series win

Chadwick, Henry

Chafets, Ze’ev

Chalmers, Hugh

Chalmers Batting Race

Chalmers Motor Company

Chamberlain, Marvin

“Champion of the World” (Angelou)

“Champions Day” (April 18, 1936)

Champlain, Samuel de

Chevrolet

Chevrolet, Louis

Chicago American Giants

Chicago Bears

Chicago Black Hawks

Chicago Bulls

Chicago Cubs

Chicago Defender

Chicago Tribune

Chicago White Sox

Chrysler, Walter

Chrysler Corporation; and Chalmers’s car company; Conner Creek plant; Eminem’s 2011 Super Bowl ad; government bailouts; and the 2008 recession

Churchill, Winston

Cincinnati Red Stockings

Cinderella Man (film)

Citizens’ Charter Committee

City Council of Detroit

CityLab

Civil Rights Act (1964)

civil rights movement; fair employment legislation; Motown recordings; participants’ varying opinions on strategies; and the UAW; and urban rebellions of the 1960s; Walk to Freedom (1963)

Civil War

Cleage, Albert, Jr.

“Cleaners and Dyers War”

Cleveland, Clyde

Cleveland Browns

Cleveland Indians

Cleveland Naps

Clifton, Flea

Club Necaxa (Mexican Liga MX team)

Coates, Ta-Nehisi, “The Case for Reparations”

Cobb, Ty; Chalmers Batting Race; and Negro League baseball; racism, temper, and controversial reputation; salary and endorsements; and Tiger Stadium; Triple Crown

Cobo, Albert

Cobo Arena

Cobo Center

Cobo Hall

Coca-Cola

Cochrane, Mickey (“Black Mike”)

Cochrane Plan

Cold War

Cole, Nat King

Coleman, Silas

Coleman A. Young building

Collins, Fred

Coltrane, John

Comerica Park

Committee of Fair Employment Practices

Common Council of Detroit

Communist Party

Comstock, William

Conant Gardens

Cooper, Michael

Cooper, Tom

Corriden, Red

Coughlin, Charles; antiunion messages; and Louis-Schmeling fight; populist racism and anti-Semitism; radio broadcasts

Council Point Park

Couzens, Frank

Couzens, James: Detroit municipal politics; and Ford Motor Company; and Ford’s $5-per-day wage; and Kronk Gym

Crain’s Detroit Business

Cramer, Doc

Cream

cricket

crime: Devil’s Night fires and images of decaying Detroit; the 1850s; the 1960s; the 1970s and Young’s first term as mayor; the 1980s (Detroit’s violent reputation); police department’s STRESS (Stop The Robberies, Enjoy Safe Streets) unit; and the politics of race; poverty and; Prohibition-era gangland violence

The Cross and the Flag (propaganda magazine)

Crowder, Alvin “General”

Cuban baseball players

Cullenbine, Roy

Cumings, Henry

Cummings, Savannah

Cusimano, Pete and Jerry

Daimler, Gottlieb

Dallas Cowboys

Dallas Mavericks

Daly, Chuck

“Dancing in the Street” (Martha and the Vandellas)

Darrow, Clarence

David Stott Building

Davidson, Bill

Davis, Al

Davis, Bette

Davis, Harvey

Davis, Miles

The Dawn of Detroit (Miles)

De Rotterdammer (Dutch newspaper)

Dean, Dayton

Dearborn Independent

Degener, Dick

Delaney, Tim

Delvecchio, Alex

Dempsey, Jack

Dequindre Cut

Derek, Bo

Derringer, Paul

Desnoyers, Peter

Detroit (Bigelow film)

Detroit Athletic Club (DAC)

Detroit Automobile Company

Detroit Base Ball Club

Detroit Board of Commerce

Detroit Chamber of Commerce

Detroit Citizens League (DCL)

Detroit City Fieldhouse

Detroit City Football Club (DCFC) (“City”)

Detroit City Plan Commission

Detroit City Railway Company

Detroit Club

Detroit Cougars

Detroit Council for Human Rights (DCHR)

Detroit Creams

Detroit Driving Club

Detroit Edison

Detroit Federation of Labor

Detroit Free Press: on the Black Legion; on celebrations after Louis’s defeat of Schmeling (1938); on celebrations after Tigers’ 1968 World Series; on Detroit Grand Prix; on Detroit’s bid to host 1956 Olympics; on District Detroit opening; on downtown stadium debate; on early Detroit baseball clubs; on Ford-Winton motor car race (1901); on Hearns-Hagler fight (1985); on horse trotting races; on Joe Louis; on the Lions’ 1970 season; on Mary Beck’s mayoral platform; on the 1943 race riot; on the 1967 uprising; obituary for Charles Roxborough; on the Pistons’ departure for Pontiac; on the Pistons’ “Goin’ to Work” ethic; on Red Wings hockey; on Sugar Ray Robinson’s defeat to LaMotta; on team owners; on women’s baseball during World War II; on worst mayors

Detroit Grand Prix

Detroit Hockeytown (sports bar)

Detroit Housing Commission

Detroit Industrial Murals (Rivera)

Detroit Institute of Arts (DIA)

Detroit Lions; games at Tiger Stadium; influential player Bobby Layne; integration and first black players; move to Pontiac; new downtown stadium; NFL championship (1935); NFL championship game (1957); the 1970 season revival; the 2003 and 2004 seasons; the 2008 season and team; and William Clay Ford

Detroit Medical Center

Detroit Metro Times

Detroit News: on automobile fatalities in the 1920s; on Battle of the Overpass (1937); on Gilbert development projects; on the Ilitches’ District Detroit project; on the Lions’ 2008 season; on the Pistons; Willie Horton interview post-1968 uprising

Detroit Olympic Committee

Detroit Olympic Organizing Committee

Detroit Olympics (hockey team)

Detroit Opera House

Detroit Pistons; African American fans; announced plans to move to Pontiac; Bad Boys of the 1980s; “Goin’ to Work” ethic; Isiah Thomas; loss to the Lakers in 1988 NBA finals; “Malice at the Palace” (2004); “Pathetic Pistons”; return to downtown; team owner Davidson; the 2003–4 season

Detroit Plaindealer

Detroit Police Department: and African American community; creation (1865); criminal justice and racial disparities; and Mayor Young; and the 1943 race riots; pensions; racial tensions of the 1960s and early 1970s; ratio of officers to citizens (1970/2012); STRESS (Stop The Robberies, Enjoy Safe Streets) unit; Tommy Hearns’s street patrol work with; uprising of 1967 as reaction to

Detroit Public Library: Detroit Olympics Archive; photo exhibit of razed Black Bottom neighborhood (2019)

Detroit Race Course in Livonia

Detroit Red Wings; African American fans; Canadian fans, players, and influences; “Dead Wings” era; at District Detroit; Ilitch as owner; Lindsay’s efforts to establish players union; Olympia Stadium home; plans to move to Pontiac; “Production Line” players of the 1950s; “Russian Five” team; Stanley Cup victories

Detroit Renaissance Inc. and the Detroit Grand Prix; and downtown stadium plans

Detroit River

Detroit Roller Derby league

Detroit Shocks

Detroit Stars

Detroit Tigers; Cobb and; early radio broadcasts; Ilitch as owner; integration; last game played at Tiger Stadium; Monaghan as owner; new stadium negotiations; the 1935 World Series and team; the 1945 World Series; the 1967 team and season; the 1968 World Series and team; the 1984 World Series and team; the 1996 season; the 2012 World Series’ loss

Detroit Tribune

Detroit Union Railway (DUR)

Detroit uprising (1967); Algiers Motel incident; and Governor Romney; and Mayor Cavanagh; media accounts; Willie Horton interview

Detroit Wolverines

Detroit YMCA

Detroit-Windsor road tunnel

Devellano, Jim

Devil’s Night: And Other True Tales of Detroit (Chafets)

Devil’s Night fires (early 1980s)

Didrikson, Babe

The District Detroit

Dixie Oils

Doak, William

Dodge Main

The Dollmaker (Arnow)

Domino, Fats

Domino’s Pizza

Donaldson, John

downtown Detroit redevelopment; debates over new sports stadium site; Detroit Renaissance Inc. and Detroit revival; Ford and Michigan Central Station; Gilbert’s projects and properties; Ilitches and District Detroit; Lafayette Park; Mayor Archer and Tigers’ stadium negotiations; Mayor Young’s new stadium; Poletown neighborhood and new GM plant; urban renewal and “black removal”

Draper, Hal

Du Bois, W. E. B.

Duggan, Mike

Dumars, Joe

Duran, Roberto

Durant, William

Duryea Motor Wagon Company

Dylan, Bob

Dziuk, Constantine

The Eagles

Early Risers Base Ball Club

Earth, Wind & Fire

Easley, Damion

Eastern Colored League. See also Negro Leagues

Eastern High School

Eastern Market

economic collapse, Detroit’s; bankruptcy; Devil’s Night fires and images of decaying Detroit; and fight over Poletown demolition; Great Depression; Great Recession (2008–9); Michigan emergency manager law; post–World War II deindustrialization; public employee pensions; recession the early 1980s; white flight and demographic collapse

Edström, Sigfrid

Ehrenreich, Barbara

Eight Mile Road

8 Mile (film)

Eighteenth Amendment

Eisenhower, Dwight D.

Ellington, Duke

Elmwood Cemetery

Emergency Manager law (Michigan)

Eminem

Emmons, Harold

Employers’ Association of Detroit

“The Fabulous Ruins of Detroit” (website)

fair employment legislation

Fair Employment Practices Code

Falls, Joe

Farmer, Silas

Faulkner, William (Detroiter)

FC St. Pauli (German Bundesliga 2 club)

FC United (Manchester, England)

Federal Housing Act

Federal Housing Administration (FHA)

Federation of International Lacrosse

Fedorov, Sergei

Fenway Park

Ferguson, Daniel

Fetisov, Slava

Fetzer, John

Fick, Robert

Fielder, Prince

Firemen’s Hall

First National Building

Fisher Building

Fisher Freeway

The Fist (Graham’s Monument to Joe Louis)

Fitzgerald, Ella

Fitzgerald, Frank

Flink, James

Flint sit-down strike (1936–37)

Flood, Curt

football. See National Football League Ford, Cheryl

Ford Edsel (car)

Ford, Edsel

Ford, Henry; and African American workers; anti-Semitism; anti-union policies; and Couzens; ideas of moral conduct; mass production innovations; motor car racing; and World War II

Ford, Henry, II

Ford, William Clay; and Detroit Lions; downtown redevelopment plans

Ford Continental

Ford Field

Ford Foundation

Ford Hunger March (1932)

Ford Motor Company: African American workers; antiunion policies/tactics; Bennett’s “Service Department”; and Detroit Grand Prix; and Detroit race relations; and downtown redevelopment plans; early motor cars and automobile manufacturing; first factories; $5-per-day wage; and the Great Depression; and Henry Ford’s ideas of moral conduct; Highland Park assembly plant; Joe Louis’s attempt to acquire a Ford dealership; mass production; and 1932 Hunger March; production of the Continental; production of the Edsel Ford; production of the Model T; River Rouge plant; Sociological Department; and the 2008 recession; wartime production; women workforce

Formula One Grand Prix racing

Fort Michilimackinac

Fort Wayne Pistons

Foster, Rube

Foster, Willie

477th Bombardment Group

Fox Office Center

Fox Theatre

Frankensteen, Richard T.

Franklin, Aretha

Franklin, C.L.

“Freeman Field Mutiny” (1945)

French colonization of Michigan territory

French-Indian wars

Friends of Historic Hamtramck Stadium

Fugitive Slave Act (1850)

The Fundamentals (Thomas)

Fyfe, Richard

gambling

Garcia, Karim

Garland, John (Jack)

Garland, William

Gave, Keith

Gawker

Gaye, Marvin

Gehringer, Charlie

General Motors (GM); Flint workers and Great Sit-Down Strike (1936–37); Hamtramck plant; Poletown neighborhood plant; and the Renaissance Center; the 2008 recession and bailout; women production workers during World War II

German Americans: immigrants; prejudice against African Americans and 1863 race riot; and World War I–era anti-German sentiment

GI Bill

Gibbs, Lindsay

Gibson, Bob

Gibson, Kirk

Gilbert, Dan

Gilded Age

Girardin, Charles

Gladwin, Henry

Glidden Tour

Goodman, Benny

Gorbachev, Mikhail

Gordie Howe International Bridge

Gordy, Berry

Gores, Tom

Goslin, Goose

Graham, Robert. See also The Fist

Grand Boulevard

Grand Circus Park

Grand River Avenue

Grand Trunk Western Railroad

Great Depression; anti-capitalist politics; and Detroit auto industry; ethnic and racial prejudice; Father Coughlin; horse racing at State Fairgrounds; and Joe Louis; National Labor Relations Act (NLRA); and Negro League; progressive policies and New Deal; unemployment and economic suffering; union organizing

Great GM Sit-Down Strike (1936–37)

Great Migration

Great Recession and global financial crisis (2008–9)

Green, John

Green Bay Packers

Greenberg, Hank; and anti-Semitism; and the 1935 Tigers; and the 1945 World Series; and the Purple Gang; World War II military service

Gribbs, Roman

Grimm, Charlie

Groomes, Mel

Grosse Pointe, Michigan: motor car racing (1901); racetrack and horse trotting races; residents of French ancestry; techniques of racial segregation

The Guardian

Guardian Industries

Guthrie, Woody

Hagen, Walter

Hagler, Marvin

Hamed, Naseem

Hamilton, Richard

Hamilton, Rip

Hamtramck, Michigan; Detroit City FC and Keyworth Stadium; General Motors plant; Negro League stadium; Polish community; Sojourner Truth housing project

Hamtramck Stadium

Harrison, David

Hart Plaza

Harwell, Ernie

hate strikes (1940s)

Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) nation

Hazel Park Raceway

Hearns, Tommy

Heidelberg Project

Heilmann, Harry

Helpful Hints and Advice to Employees (1915 Ford Motor Company booklet)

Hennessy, Sam

Henry Ford Company

Henry Ford Museum

Hernández, Guillerme “Willie”

Herrnstein, Richard

Highland Park assembly plant

Hines, Sandra

hip-hop culture

Hiram Walker Distillery

Hitler, Adolf

hockey. See National Hockey League

Hoffa, Jimmy

Holiday, Billie

Hollinger, William

Hollinger Nine

Holm, Eleanor

Holyfield, Evander

Hooker, John Lee

Hoover, Herbert

Hope, Bob

Horne, Lena

horse racing: pari-mutuel gambling at State Fairgrounds; trotting races of late nineteenth and early twentieth century

Horseless Age (magazine)

Horton, Willie

House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)

housing discrimination, race-based: home ownership promotion and loans programs of 1960s; “open occupancy” ordinance to mitigate; predatory mortgage lending; restrictive covenants and redlining; and Sojourner Truth housing project

Houston Astrodome

Howe, Gordie

Hudson, Joseph

Hudson Motor Car Company

Hudson’s department store (J.L. Hudson Building)

Hughes, Langston

Hulbert, William

Hunter, Lindsey

“I Have a Dream” (Martin Luther King speech)

Ilitch, Christopher

Ilitch, Mike: and The District Detroit development project; life and career; as Red Wings owner; as Tigers owner

Ilitch Holdings

immigrants: Detroit on the eve of the Civil War; early Ford Motor Company workers; housing shortages and settlement patterns in the 1930s; immigration laws and quotas (1920s); March 1863 race riot and attacks on black Detroiters; and Panic of 1893; racism and prejudice against (Depression-era); racism and prejudice against (World War I–era); Russian hockey players of the 1990s; and white supremacists; whiteness as invented racial category. See also German Americans; Great Migration; Irish Americans; Italian Americans; Polish Americans; Southern white migrants

“Imported from Detroit” (Eminem’s 2011 Chrysler ad)

Indian Village

Indianapolis Motor Speedway

Indianapolis Pacers

Inkster, Michigan

International Freedom Festival

International Olympic Committee (IOC): and Detroit’s bid for 1956 Games; and Detroit’s bid for 1968 Games; future games. See also Brundage, Avery; Olympic Games

Interstate Highway System

Iranian Revolution (1979)

Iraq War

Irish Americans

Iroquois Nationals

Italian Americans

Iverson, Allen

Jackson, Austin

Jackson, Bryant

Jackson, Phil

Jackson, Reggie

Jackson, Shoeless Joe

Jackson, Stephen

Jackson State Prison

The Jacksons

Jacobs, Mike

James, LeBron

James, Mike

Jefferson Avenue

Jeffries, Edward

Jesse: The Man Who Outran Hitler (Owens)

Jewish Americans: boxer Max Baer; Coughlin’s anti-Semitism; and Ford’s anti-Semitism; Greenberg; and Louis-Schmeling fight (1938); Prohibition-era Purple Gang; and restrictive housing covenants

Jim Crow segregation

Joe Louis Arena

John, Elton

Johnson, Anthony

Johnson, Ban

Johnson, Calvin

Johnson, Jack

Johnson, Lyndon B.

Johnson, Magic

Johnson, Rafer

Jones, Brenda

Jones, Hayes

Jones, Lewis

Jordan, Michael

Kaczynski, Harry

Kahn, Albert

Kaline, Al

Kamper, Louis

Kansas City Monarchs

Kansas City Royals

Kanter, Robert

Kapler, Gabe

Kempner, Aviva

Kennedy, J.J.

Kennedy, John F.

Kennedy, Robert

Kenty, Hilmer

Keyworth Stadium (Hamtramck)

Kilpatrick, James E. (Scotty)

Kilpatrick, Kwame, King, Charles Brady

King, Martin Luther, Jr.

Kirby, Gustavus

Kirschenbaum, Stuart

Kitna, Jon

Klitschko, Wladimir

Knickerbocker Club of New York

Knight, Bobby

Knudsen, William

Konstantinov, Vladimir

Kornhauser, Arthur

Koscot Interplanetary Inc.

Kozlov, Slava

Kraemer, Joseph

Kronk, Alphonse

Kronk, John

Kronk Recreation Center (Kronk Gym)

Ku Klux Klan: anti-Catholicism; and conflict over Sojourner Truth Project; Detroit in the 1920s; and the 1943 race riots; and Prohibition movement. See also Black Legion; white supremacism

Kutil, Emily

La Salle, Sieur de

lacrosse

Lafayette Park

Laimbeer, Bill

Lajoie, Nap

Lake St. Clair

LaMotta, Jake

Landis, Kenesaw Mountain

Landry, Greg

Landry, Tom

Lane, Jeffrey

Larionov, Igor

laundry business (1920s)

Layne, Bobby

A League of Their Own (film)

League Park

Lear, William

Led Zeppelin

Lee, Andy

Lee, Cecil

Leerhsen, Charles

Legler, Tim

Leland, Henry

Lemke, William

Leonard, Sugar Ray

Leslie, Lisa

Lewis, Eugene

Lewis, Lennox

Lewis-Colman, David M.

Light Guard Armory

Limbaugh, Rush

Lincoln Giants

Lindsay, Ted

Lions. See Detroit Lions

Lites, Jim

Little Caesars Arena

Little Caesars Pizza

Locke, Hubert

Lolich, Mickey

Long, Huey

Loomis, Bill

Los Angeles Book Review

Los Angeles Dodgers

Los Angeles Lakers

Los Angeles Raiders

Los Angeles Sparks

Los Angeles Times

lotteries. See also gambling

Louis, Joe; anti-racism activism; attempt to acquire a Ford dealership; and Barbaro’s “White Hope” tournament (1941); as baseball team owner; childhood in Detroit; defeat of Carnera; end of boxing career (1951); The Fist monument; as hero to African American Detroiters; job at Ford; and Kirschenbaum’s memorabilia collection; later years and death; matches against Baer; matches against German boxer Schmeling; and the 1936 Champions Day; and Sugar Ray Robinson; and World War II effort

Louis, Martha

Lucker, Claude

Mack Park

MacPhail, Larry

MacSkimming, Roy

Mahorn, Rick

Major League Baseball (MLB). See baseball, major league

Major League Baseball Players Association (MLBPA)

Major League Soccer (MLS)

Malice Aforethought (Beer)

“Malice at the Palace” (2004)

Mann, Bob

Mann Act

Mantle, Mickey

Maravich, Pete

March on Washington (1963)

March on Washington Movement

Marciano, Rocky

Marinelli, Rod

Martel, Francis

Martha and the Vandellas

Martin, Ed

Martin Luther King High School

The Marvelettes

Marx Brothers

Masonic Temple

Massie, James

Matish, George

Matthaei, Fred: Detroit’s 1956 Olympic bid; Detroit’s 1968 Olympic bid

Maxwell Motor Company

Maybury, William

Mayo, Eddie

Mayor’s Unemployment Committee

McAuliffe, Dick

McCabe, Robert

McCarthy, Joseph

McCarthyism

McCrory, Milton

McCrory, Steve

McGee, Melvin

McGraw, Billy

McLain, Denny

McMillan, James

McMillin, Bo

McNamara, Ed

McNamara, Robert

Media Matters

Mein Kampf (Hitler)

Men’s Journal

Merriweather, Maceo

Mexican Americans

Mexicantown

Michigan Car Company

Michigan Central Station

Michigan State Fairgrounds: horse racing; motor racing; and 1956 Olympic bid; and 1968 Olympic bid; as site for possible downtown stadium

Michigan State Senate

Michigan Theater

MichiganFunders.com

Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig

Miler, Johnny

Miles, Tiya

Millen, Matt

Miller, Glenn

Miller, J. Howard

Miller, Marvin

Milliken, William

Milliken State Park wetlands demonstration area

Milton-Jones, Delisha

Milwaukee Bucks

Minnesota Vikings, “Model Cities” task force

Model T Ford

Monaghan, Tom

Moneyball (Lewis)

monopolies, business

Monroe, Rose Will

Montana, Joe

Montgomery, Jeff

Montreal Canadiens

Montreux-Detroit Kool Jazz Festival (1982)

Monument to Joe Louis. See The Fist

Moore, Bill

Morley, Christopher, viii

Morris, Ada

Morris, Jack

Mortimer, Wyndham

motor racing: the 1900s; Detroit Grand Prix

Motown Museum (“Hitsville U.S.A.”)

Motown Records

Movement Electronic Music Festival

Muhammad, Elijah

Muhammad, Wallace Fard

Murphy, Frank

Murray, Charles

music and entertainment industry: Motown; the 1920s; the 1950s; the 1960s

Mussolini, Benito

My Name Is Ossian Sweet (Bennett)

The Nation

Nation of Islam

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

National Association of Real Estate Boards

National Basketball Association (NBA): black players, white players, and basketball’s myth of blackness; Central Division of Eastern Conference and finals; and “Malice at the Palace” (2004); mandatory dress code; players association. See also Detroit Pistons

National Basketball Players Association

National Cash Register (NCR) Company

National Catholic Welfare Council

National Football League (NFL): draft system; expansion and new playoff system (1970); players’ association; racial integration. See also Detroit Lions; Super Bowl (NFL)

National Guard

National Hockey League (NHL): Big Six era; Detroit hockey tradition; Lindsay’s efforts to establish players union; and rival World Hockey Association; Russian players. See also Detroit Red Wings; Stanley Cup (NHL)

National Hockey League Players’ Association (NHLPA)

National Independent Soccer Association (NISA)

National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)

National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)

National Negro Congress

National Premier Soccer League

National Register of Historic Places

National Union for Social Justice (NUSJ)

Native Americans

Navin, Frank

Navin Field

Navy Relief Society

Nazi Germany: Louis-Schmeling boxing matchups; start of World War II; white supremacism. See also Hitler, Adolf

Negro American League

Negro League baseball; Cobb and; Detroit Stars; first Detroit night game; Hamtramck Stadium

Negro National League (NNL)

The Negro Soldier (film)

Negro World Series

Neolin (Lenni Lenape prophet)

New Bethel Baptist Church

New Deal

New Jersey Nets

The New Jim Crow (Alexander)

New York Giants (baseball)

New York Giants (NFL)

New York Mets

New York Rangers

New York Times: Chafets on Detroit crime and race; Chafets on Devil’s Night tradition; on Isiah Thomas and the Pistons; on Joe Louis; on Kilpatrick and the Pistons; on the Lions’ 2008 season; on “Malice at the Palace” and black NBA players; on the 1943 race riot; on Reagan Recession and unemployment; Romney on 2008 auto industry bailout; on white European immigrants of 1920s

New York Yankees

Newberry, John

Newhouser, Hal

Newsweek

Nichols, John

Nixon, Richard

Nolan, Deanna

Non-Aligned Movement

Norris, Bruce

Norris, James

Northern Guard Supporters (NGS)

Northville Downs

Northwest Ordinance (1787)

Northwestern High School

“Notes of a Native Son” (Baldwin)

Oates, Joyce Carol

Obama, Barack

O’Brien, Thomas

Odawa (Ottawa) peoples

oil prices

Ojibwa (Chippewa) peoples

Okrent, Daniel

Oldfield, Barney

Olds, Ransom E.

Olympia Development

Olympia Stadium; boxing events; as home of the Red Wings; music events

Olympic Association of Southern California

Olympic Games: in 1932 (Los Angeles); in 1936 (Berlin); in 1940 (cancelled); in 1944 (cancelled); in 1948 (London); in 1952 (Helsinki); in 1956 (Melbourne); in 1960 (Rome); in 1964 (Tokyo); in 1968 (Mexico City); in 1984 (Los Angeles); in 1992 (Barcelona); in 2032 (a Detroit of the future)

Olympic Games (Detroit’s bids to host): Brundage and; debates about building an Olympic Stadium; Matthaei and; the 1928 Games; the 1940 Games; the 1944 Games; the 1948 Games; the 1952 Games; the 1956 Games; the 1968 Games

Omaha Knights

One Woodward

O’Neal, Jermaine

O’Neal, Shaquille

The Origins of the Urban Crisis (Sugrue)

Orlovsky, Dan

Orr, Kevyn

Outlaw, Jimmy

Owens, Jesse; the 1936 Berlin Olympics; position at Ford Motor Company

Packard Local

Paddock, Charley

Pagán, Ángel

Palace of Auburn Hills

Palmer, Dean

Panic of 1893

Paradise Valley

Parker, Candace

Parker, Charlie

Parker, Theodore

Parkman, Francis

Parks, Rosa

Patterson, John

Patterson, L. Brooks

Paul, Jimmy

Paulson, William

Pearl Harbor attack (1941)

Peltier, Charles

Pence, Hunter

Peninsula Cricket Club

pensions: and Father Coughlin’s populist platform; how teams function for franchise owners; National Hockey League; for public employees

People Mover

People’s Voice

Perón, Juan

Perryman, Rufus

Petry, Dan

Pfeiffer’s Famous

Phelan, Michael

Philadelphia Athletics

Philadelphia Eagles

Physical Fitness Program for Colored People in Civilian Defense

Pierson, Plenette

Pingree, Hazen

Pingree’s Potato Patches

Pink Floyd

Pistons. See Detroit Pistons

Pittsburgh Courier

Pittsburgh Steelers

Plank, Eddie

Plimpton, George

Poletown neighborhood: destruction of; GM plant

Poletown Neighborhood Council

Polish Americans: and African American communities; and conflict over Sojourner Truth housing project; Depression-era anti-Polish sentiment; Depression-era union organizing; Hamtramck community; immigrants Poletown neighborhood

Pontchartrain Hotel on Cadillac Square

Pontiac, Michigan; Lions’ move to;

Pistons’ announced plans to move to

Pontiac Silverdome

Pontiac’s War and siege of Detroit (1763)

Poole, Charles

Portalski, Joe

Portman, John

Posey, Buster

Potawatomi peoples

Presley, Elvis

Prince, Tayshaun

The Principles of Scientific Management (Taylor)

Progressive Era

Prohibition; gangs and violent crime; mob business activities; smuggling and U.S.-Canadian border; speakeasies, saloons, and “blind pigs”; and white supremacists

Prost, Alain

Protestants

Protocols of the Elders of Zion

Pryakhin, Sergei

Prystai, Metro

Pujols, Albert

Pullman Car Company

Purple Gang

QLine (streetcar system)

race relations: anti-immigrant prejudice; anti-Semitism and racism; black and white NBA players (and basketball’s myth of blackness); capitalism and racial discrimination; conflict over Sojourner Truth Project; Detroit Police and African American community; Great Depression; hate strikes (1940s); immigrants’ attacks on black Detroiters (1863); labor unions of the 1950s; mayoral politics; in the 1960s; race riots of June 1943; and race-based housing discrimination; whiteness as invented racial category; and World War II. See also civil rights movement; immigrants; segregation, racial; white supremacists

race riots of June 1943

Radcliffe, Ted “Double Duty”

radio broadcasts; baseball; Father Coughlin; WDET’s response to Limbaugh; WJR; WTBS and Pistons’ basketball; WWJ in metropolitan Detroit; WXYZ in rural Michigan

railroads and transport manufacturing. See also streetcar system

Rainey, Ma

Randolph, A. Philip

Reading, Richard

Reagan, Ronald

recession of the early 1980s; manufacturing jobs and unemployment rates; U.S. auto industry; and white flight from downtown Detroit

Recreation Department

Recreation Park

Recreation Park Company

redlining. See also housing discrimination, race-based

Red Wings. See Detroit Red Wings

Reeve, Cheryl

Reeves, Ira

Regional Defense Planning Committee

Renaissance Center (“RenCen”)

Reserve Clause

Reuther, Walter: and Battle of the Overpass (1937); and policy of co-determination; support for racial justice; and the UAW

Richards, Paul

Richardson, Jason

Rickenbacker, Eddie

Riegle, Don

The Ring magazine

Rini, Mary

Rivard, Francois

River Gang

River Rouge plant (Dearborn)

Rivera, Diego

Robinson, Bobbie

Robinson, Jackie

Robinson, Smokey

Robinson, Sugar Ray; early life in Detroit; fights against LaMotta; and Joe Louis; Valentine’s Day Massacre (1951)

Robocop (film)

Roby, Douglas

Rockefeller Foundation

Rockwell, Norman

Rodman, Dennis

Roesink, John

Rogers, Robert

Rolling Stone

The Rolling Stones

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Detroit

Romney, George: and Detroit’s 1968 Olympic bid; and downtown stadium plans; and the 1967 uprising; support for fair housing policies; support for racial justice and civil rights; and the Tigers’ 1968 World Series win

Romney, Mitt

Roosevelt, Eleanor

Roosevelt, Franklin D.: Coughlin’s attacks on; “green light” letter to baseball commissioner Landis (1945); and Jesse Owens’s position at Ford; and Joe Louis; New Deal programs; opening Keyworth Stadium; repeal of Prohibition; World War II

Roosevelt Park

Rose, Jalen

Rose Bowl (1948)

“Rosie the Riveter”

Ross, Diana

Rote, Tobin

Rouge Park

Rouse, Charles

Rowe, Lynwood “Schoolboy”

Roxborough, Charles

Roxborough, Charles, Jr.

Roxborough, John

“ruin porn”

Russian Five (hockey)

Ruth, Babe

Ryan, John

Salsinger, H.G.

San Antonio Spurs

San Diego Padres

San Francisco Giants

Sandoval, Pablo

Saturday Evening Post

Savold, Lee

Schembechler, Bo

Schmeling, Max

Schmidt, Charlie

Schmidt, Helmut

Schmidt, Joe

Schneider, John

Schreiber, Belle

Schuyler, George

Scientific American

Scott, Barbara Ann

Scutaro, Marco

Seabiscuit

Seagram’s whiskey

Seattle Pilots

Seereiter, John

segregation, racial; armed forces during World War II; and auto workers; conflict over Sojourner Truth Project; and criminal justice system, ; dissimilarity indexes of northern U.S. cities; Great Depression; Grosse Pointe; Henry Ford’s beliefs in; and housing; and integration of the major leagues; James Baldwin on; Jim Crow system; Joe Louis on; June 1943 race riots and aftermath; in Major League Baseball; and New Deal programs; recreational facilities (1920s)

Selassie, Haile

Selden, George

Selden Standard

Selling, Lowell

Selway, Robert

Sewell, Harley

Shaver, Manila “Bud”

Shaw, Minnie “Ma”

Sherman Act (1890)

Shinola

Shrine of the Black Madonna

Shrine of the Little Flower

Sinatra, Frank

Skov, Glen

slavery

Smith, Bessie

Smith, Gerald L.K.

Smith, John

Smith, Katie

Smith, Mayo

Smith, Tommie

Smith, Walker and Leila

Snyder, Rick

soccer. See also Detroit City Football Club (DCFC) (“City”)

Social Security

softball, women’s

Sojourner Truth housing project

Sorensen, Charles

Southern Pacific Railroad

Southern white migrants; Arnow’s The Dollmaker; the 1943 race riots

Southfield, Michigan

Sparma, Joe

Spencer, Herbert

The Spirit of Detroit (sculpture)

Spoelstra, Watson

Sporting News

Sports Illustrated

St. Louis Browns

St. Louis Cardinals

St. Louis Stars

Stallone, Sylvester

Standard Oil

Stanfield, George

Stanley, Marianne

Stanley Cup (NHL)

Stanton, Tom

Staples, Brent

Star Bloomer Girls

Stearnes, Norman “Turkey”

Stearns, Frederick

Steele, Richard

Stefani, Margaret “Marge”

Stern, David

Stevenson, William “Mickey”

Steward, Emanuel

Stowe, Harriet Beecher

Strader, David

streetcar system: contemporary QLine; in the 1890s and early twentieth century; Kronk Ordinance and fares; in the 1920s; Pingree and campaign to end monopoly franchises

STRESS (Stop The Robberies, Enjoy Safe Streets) unit

Stroh, Peter

Stroh’s bowling team

Stump, Al

Sugrue, Thomas

Super Bowl (NFL): Eminem’s 2011 Chrysler ad; V (1971); VI (1972); XII (1978); XVI (1982)

Sweet, Gladys

Sweet, Henry

Sweet, Ossian

Tampa Bay Buccaneers

Tate, Frank

Taubman, Alfred

Tavenner, Frank

Taylor, Frederick Winslow

Teamsters

televised sports: Hockey Night in Canada; NFL football; TV blackout rule; World Series viewership (1968/2012)

temperance movement

The Temptations

Tenerowicz, Rudolph

Tennessee Titans

Texas Rangers

Thomas, Duane

Thomas, Isiah; on growing up poor in Chicago; and Pistons’ Bad Boys; on Pistons’ owner Davidson; post-Pistons career; remarks about Larry Bird and skills of black and white players

Thomas, Mary

Thomas, R.J.

Thomas-Detroit Motor Company

Thompson, Heather Ann

Thompson, William G.

Three Fires Alliance

Tigers. See Detroit Tigers

Tiger Stadium (“The Corner”); and African American fans; last game played at (1999); Lions games at; physical building; stadium Fan Club and plans to save

Tiger Stadium Fan Club

Time magazine

Tinsley, Jamaal

Tirico, Mike

Tolan, Eddie

Toronto Maple Leafs

Townsend, Francis

Trammell, Alan

Trezza, Betty

Triplett, Wally

Truman, Harry

Trump, Donald

Truth, Sojourner

The Truth About Gerald Smith (Draper)

Tucker, Eulah Elizabeth “Betty”

Tulsa massacre (1921)

Turner, Edward

Turner, Glenn

Tuskegee Airmen

Twenty-First Amendment

Ty Cobb: A Terrible Beauty (Leerhsen)

Tyson, Ty

Uncle Tom’s Cabin (Stowe)

Underground Railroad

Underground Railroad Memorial

Union Party

unions and organized labor: African American workers; auto industry; Flint workers and Great GM Sit-Down Strike; Ford’s $5-per-day wage; Ford’s anti-union policies/tactics; and Great Depression; labor politics in the 1950s; major league players’ associations; and wartime production. See also United Automobile Workers (UAW)

United Automobile Workers (UAW); African American members; Battle of the Overpass and Ford company; Fair Employment Practices Committee; Flint Sit-Down Strike (1936–37); and hiring discrimination; and June 1943 race riots and aftermath; Reuther; support for racial justice; World War II wartime production and co-determination policy

University of Detroit Memorial Arena

University of Detroit Stadium

University of Michigan in Ann Arbor; football stadium (“the Big House”); women’s softball

Urban Land magazine

Urban League

urban renewal: Black Bottom neighborhoods; “black removal” and racial politics of the 1960s; Lafayette Park. See also downtown Detroit redevelopment

U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

U.S. Olympic Association (USOA)

U.S. Soccer Federation

U.S. Steel

USA Today

Valentine’s Day Massacre (1951 Robinson-LaMotta fight)

Van Antwerp, Eugene

Vanderbeck, George

Vaughan, Sarah

Verlander, Justin

Vice magazine

Vietnam War

Vinton Building

Virgil, Ozzie

Volkswagen Beetle

Wagner, Honus

Walk to Freedom (1963)

Wall Street Crash (1929)

Wall Street Journal

Wallace, Ben

Wallace, David

Wallace, Rasheed

War on Poverty

Washington, Forrester

Washington Post

Watson, Everett

Watson, John

The Way I Am (Eminem and Jenkins)

Wayne State University; and downtown stadium plans; Law School

Webb, Skeeter

West, Jerry

Western League

Westinghouse Company’s War Production Coordinating Committee

What’s Going On (1971 Gaye album)

Whitaker, Lou

White, Dolly Brumfield

white flight from downtown Detroit

white supremacists: Anti-Saloon League; Black Legion; blogger Kersey; and boxer Jack Johnson; Father Coughlin; and immigrants; and Joe Louis as African American athlete; and Joe Louis–Schmeling boxing matchups; the Klan in 1920s Detroit; Nazi Germany; policing and criminal justice system; pre–World War II; and Prohibition. See also Ku Klux Klan

Whitney Building

Whose Detroit? Politics, Labor, and Race in a Modern American City (Thompson)

“Why I Oppose the War in Vietnam” (1967 Martin Luther King speech)

Williams, Hank

Williams, Myron

Williams, Sharita

Williams, Walker A.

Willkie, Wendell

Willow Run assembly plant

Wilson, Earl

Windsor, Ontario, Canada

Winton, Alexander

women Detroiters; baseball clubs (1860–80); DCFC soccer team; early Ford workers; Mary Beck’s mayoral campaign; Prohibition-era prostitution; wartime production work; WNBA players; and women’s baseball league (AAGPBL) during World War II

Wonder, Stevie

Wood, Gar

Wood, John

Woodstock, William H.

Woodward Avenue

Workers Party

Works Progress Administration (WPA)

World Hockey Association

World Series (MLB): in 1887 (Wolverines’ win); in 1919 (Black Sox Scandal); in 1934 (Tigers’ defeat); in 1935 (Tigers’ win); in 1945 (Tigers’ win); in 1968 (Tigers’ win); in 1984 (Tigers’ win); in 2012 (Tigers’ defeat)

World War I

World War II; African Americans and race relations; and Detroit auto industry; Joe Louis and; and Major League Baseball; Nazi Germany and start of; wartime production; women’s production work

Worthy, James

Wright, Richard

Wrigley, Philip

Wrigley Field

Wrona, Esther

X, Malcolm

Yamasaki, Minoru

Yankee Stadium

York, Rudy

Young, Coleman; and boxer Hearns; and Detroit crime problem; and Detroit police force; and Detroit’s economic downturn (1980s); early life in Detroit; as first black mayor; and “Freeman Field Mutiny” (1945); HUAC subpoena; New York Times’ Chafets on; and Pistons’ departure for Pontiac; and Pistons’ owner Davidson; and Poletown demolitions; re-election (1977); support for downtown stadium; and Tiger Stadium

Zinn, Howard

Zito, Barry

Zollner, Fred