Introduction
1. Michael Ruse is an evolutionist who testified in the 1980s at the infamous Arkansas creationism trial (McLean v. Arkansas). During the trial, he claimed that creationism is a religion because it is grounded in unproven philosophical assumptions. But Darwinism is a science, he said, because it requires no philosophical or religious presuppositions. Ruse has since admitted that he was wrong, and he now acknowledges that evolution “is metaphysically based”—grounded in unproven beliefs that are no more “scientific” than the set of beliefs on which creationism is based. See Tom Woodward, “Ruse Gives Away the Store: Admits Evolution Is a Philosophy.” Found at http://www.origins.org/real/ri9404/ruse.html.
2. Carl Sagan, ABC News Nightline, 4 December 1996.
3. Carl Sagan, Pale Blue Dot (New York: Random House, 1994), 9.
4. Thomas Huxley, “Evolution and Ethics,” The Romanes Lecture, 1893. Huxley nonetheless went on to try to justify ethics as a positive result of humanity’s higher rational functions, and he called upon his audience neither to imitate “the cosmic process” nor to run away from it, but rather to combat it—ostensibly by maintaining some semblance of morality and ethics. But what he could not do—what he and other philosophers of his era did not even bother attempting to do—was offer any justification for assuming the validity of morality and ethics per se on purely naturalistic principles. Huxley and his fellow naturalists could offer no moral compass other than their own personal preferences, and predictably, their philosophies all opened the door wide for complete moral subjectivity and ultimately amorality.
5. Stephen Jay Gould, Ever Since Darwin (New York: Norton, 1977), 26.
6. Edward J. Young, Studies in Genesis One (Phillipsburg, N.J.: Presbyterian & Reformed, n.d.), 99.
7. Ibid.
8. Marvin L. Lubenow, Bones of Contention: A Creationist Assessment of Human Fossils (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1992), 188–89.
9. Douglas F. Kelly, Creation and Change (Fearn, Ross-shire, U.K.: Christian Focus, 1997).
10. John Ankerberg and John Weldon, Darwin’s Leap of Faith (Eugene, Oreg.: Harvest House, 1998).
11. Phillip E. Johnson, Reason in the Balance: The Case against Naturalism in Science, Law, and Education (Downers Grove, Ill.: InterVarsity, 1995).
12. Henry Morris, The Genesis Record (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1976).
13. Ken Ham, Creation Evangelism for the New Millennium (Green Forest, Ark.: Master Books, 1999).
Chapter 1—Creation: Believe It or Not
1. Ingrid Newkirk, cited in Katie McCabe, “Who Will Live and Who Will Die?” The Washingtonian, August 1986, 114.
2. Ingrid Newkirk, cited in Chip Brown, “She’s a Portrait of Zealotry in Plastic Shoes,” Washington Post, 13 November 1983, B-10.
3. Ibid.
4. Les U. Knight [pseud.], “Voluntary Human Extinction,” Wild Earth 1, 2, (summer 1991), 72.
5. They “advocate” cannibalism, for example, with the slogan, “Eat people, not animals”—to make the point that in their view the act of eating any animal is the moral equivalent of cannibalism.
6. The fact that we can carry on this rational dialogue and animals can’t is itself reason to believe man is far above animals—possessing sensibility and personhood, which are totally absent in the animal realm. See chapter 8 for a thorough discussion of this point.
7. Jacques Monod, Chance and Necessity (New York: A. A. Knopf, 1971), 112–13, cited in Ankerberg and Weldon, Darwin’s Leap of Faith, 21.
8. Scripture teaches that such “random” events are actually governed by God’s sovereign providence (Proverbs 16:33; Matthew 10:30). God Himself ultimately controls all the factors that determine the flip of the coin. Nothing whatsoever happens by “chance.”
9. George Wald, “The Origin of Life,” Scientific American, May 1954, 46.
10. Ibid., 48.
11. Herbert Spencer, First Principles (London:Williams and Norgate, 1862), chapter 3.
12. Spencer maintained that human consciousness is a manifestation of an infinite and eternal cosmic energy; hence even consciousness is ultimately a material, rather than a spiritual, reality. Many modern evolutionists still hold such a view.
13. Spencer’s “solution” to this dilemma was to regard force as eternal.
14. Interestingly, Spencer spoke of force as “the ultimate of ultimates” (Ibid., paragraph 50).
15. Morris, The Genesis Record\, 18.
16. Ankerberg and Weldon include a long section documenting evolutionists’ attempts to silence and marginalize their colleagues who do not toe the naturalist line. See Darwin’s Leap, chapter 6, “Professional Objectivity and the Politics of Prejudice,” 93–111.
17. Douglas F. Kelly, Creation and Change, 15–16.
18. Francis Schaeffer, cited in Kelly, Creation and Change, 17.
Chapter 2—How Did Creation Happen?
1.Fiat is a Latin word meaning, “let it be done.”
2. A full discussion of the geological evidences for creation and the Flood is far beyond the scope of this book. But many fine resources outlining those evidences in detail are available from The Institute for Creation Research (http://www.icr.org) and Answers in Genesis (http://www.answersingene-sis.org). See also John Woodmorappe, Studies in Flood Geology (Santee, Calif.: Institute for Creation Research, 1999); John C. Whitcomb and Henry M. Morris, The Genesis Flood (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1961); and John C. Whitcomb, The World that Perished (Grand Rapids: Baker, 1990).
3. See Rebecca Gibson, “Canyon Creation,” Creation Ex Nihilo (Sep–Nov 2000), 46–48.
4. Douglas F. Kelly, Creation and Change, 164–65.
5. Ken Ham, Did Adam Have a Belly Button? (Green Forest, Ark.: Masta Books, 1999). See also Gary Parker, “Did Adam have a belly button?” Found at http://www.answersingenesis.org/docs/1260.asp.
6. Hugh Ross, The Fingerprint of God (New Kensington, Pa.: Whitaker House, 1989), 96.
7. Mark Van Bebber and Paul S. Taylor, Creation and Time: A Report on the Progressive Creationist Book by Hugh Ross (Gilbert, Ariz.: Eden Communications, [year]), 86–89.
8. Ross, The Fingerprint of God, 160.
9. Van Bebber and Taylor, Creation and Time, 105–110. See also Danny Faulkner, “The Dubious Apologetics of Hugh Ross,” found at http://www.answersingenesis.or/docs/4149.asp and Dr. Bolton Davidheiser, “A Statement Concerning the Ministry of Dr. Hugh Ross,” found at http://www.ldolphin.org/bolton.html.
10. Hugh Ross, Creation and Time (Colorado Springs: NavPress, 1994), 56 (emphasis added).
11. Ibid., 57.
12. Ross, The Fingerprint of God, 145.
13. Ibid., 56.
14. Ibid., 143.
15. Ibid., 159.
16. Morris, The Genesis Record, 45.
17. Young, Studies in Genesis One, 53.
18. Ross, The Fingerprint of God, 160.
Chapter 3—Light on Day One
1. Ross, The Fingerprint of God, 141.
2. Augustine, The City of God, 11:6.
3. Ibid.
4. Ibid., 12:10.
5. Ross, The Fingerprint of God, 160.
6. Morris, The Genesis Record, 41.
7. Ibid., 52.
8. Kelly, Creation and Change, 83.
9. Ibid., 85.
10. Novation, cited in Kelly, Creation and Change, 88.
Chapter 4—When He Marked Out the Foundations of the Earth
1. Gregg Easterbrook, “Science and Religion: Academics Ponder the Ties Between Faith and Fact,” Los Angeles Times, 14 March 1999, 1.
2. Michael Behe, Darwin’s Black Box: The Biochemical Challenge to Evolution (New York: Free Press, 1996), 39.
3. For an interesting discussion of this problem see Don Batten, “Ligers and wholphins? What next?” Found at http://www.answersingenesis.org/home/area/magazines/docs/v22n3_liger.asp.
4. Morris, The Genesis Record, 64.
5. Ibid.
Chapter 5—Lights in the Heavens
1. Richard Stenger, “Sun aims powerful flares at Earth” (1 March 2000). Found at http:www.cnn.com/2000/TECH/space/03/01/sunspots/.
2. Ken Ham, “How can we see distant stars in a young Universe?” Found at http://www.answersingenesis.org/docs/405.asp.
3. Easterbrook, “Science and Religion” 1.
4. C. S. Lewis, God in the Dock (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1970), 52–53.
5. C. S. Lewis, Miracles (New York: MacMillan, 1947), 21.
Chapter 6—An Abundance of Living Creatures
1. Kelly, Creation and Change, 208.
2. Someone might raise the question of how hermit crabs obtained their borrowed homes prior to the fall of Adam, when there was no death and hence no discarded gastropod shells. In such an environment, of course, the crab would have no need of any protection from predators. So the crabs no doubt lived very well without shells. But the all-knowing Creator had built into their species the ability to acquire the ideal form of protection when it was needed.
3. Lane P. Lester, “Genetics: No Friend of Evolution.” Found at http://www.answersingenesis.org/docs/1356.asp.
4. Ibid.
5. A. E. Wilder Smith, The Scientific Alternative to Neo-Darwinian Evolutionary Theory (Costa Mesa, Calif.: Word For Today, 1987), 14–15.
Chapter 8—Man in God’s Image
1. For a fuller discussion of this eternal promise between the members of the Godhead, see my book The Murder of Jesus (Nashville: Word, 2000), 78–80.
2. Angels may also share something of the image of God, for Scripture says that redeemed people in their glorified state will be “like angels in heaven” (Mark 12:25). Angels are also sometimes referred to in Scripture as “sons of God” (e.g. Job 1:6), suggesting that they, too, bear God’s likeness. But in the material universe, humanity alone bears this distinction.
3. Kelly, Creation and Change, 220.
4. The reference in the text is to the issue covered in footnote 4 in the Introduction—the lack of any ground for morality under naturalism.
5. John Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion Henry Beveridge, trans. (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, n.d.), 1.15.3, p. 164.
6. Morris, The Genesis Record, 74–75.
7. Kelly, Creation and Change, 224.
Chapter 9—The Rest of Creation
1. Kelly, Creation and Change, 237.
2. Morris, The Genesis Record, 80–81.
3. Ibid., 81.
4. John Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion. Ford Lewis Battles, trans. (Philadelphia: Westminster, 1940), 3.23.8, p. 957.
Chapter 10—Paradise Lost
1. G. K. Chesterton, Orthodoxy (London: Lane, 1909), 22.
2. Edward J. Young, Genesis 3 (Edinburgh: Banner of Truth, 1966), 34–35.