CHRONOLOGY

1945

February 8 Montgomery’s 21st Army Group begins Operation Veritable to break through the Reichswald to the west bank of the Rhine. The subsidiary Operation Grenade by the US Ninth Army is intended to reach the Roer River.
February 23 With the Ninth Army along the Roer River, the First Army is authorized to assist Operation Grenade with a simultaneous crossing of the Roer to protect the advance’s southern flank.
March 1 With the Ninth Army approaching the Rhine, the First Army is authorized to start Operation Lumberjack, aimed at clearing the west bank of the Rhine and meeting Patton’s Third Army on the Ahr River to the south.
March 2 The Ninth Army reaches the Rhine near Neuss.
March 4 The 9th Armored Division in conjunction with the 78th Division from the south capture Euskirchen, opening up the Rheinbach Valley.
March 6 Model orders Fifteenth Army to stage a counterattack across the Rheinbach valley to cut off II Corps’ advance.
  Afternoon Combat Command B, 9th Armored Division, reaches Meckenheim about 15km from Remagen.
March 7  
0100hrs Control of Remagen is shifted to 67 Corps even though the headquarters is more than 35km to the west.
0230hrs Major Scheller leaves 67 Corps HQ at Falkenberg for Remagen to take command of the bridge.
1000hrs TF Engemann from CCB, 9th Armored Division, exits Meckenheim for Remagen.
1030hrs Artillery observation aircraft from CCB, 9th Armored Division, sees that Ludendorff Bridge is still intact. Hoge and Leonard decide to seize the bridge if possible.
1100hrs Maj. Scheller arrives in Remagen, minus his radio truck, and takes command of Remagen Bridge.
1320hrs An infantry platoon from the 27th Armored Infantry Battalion supported by a platoon of T26E3 tanks of the 14th Tank Battalion move into Remagen with instructions to capture the bridge.
1430hrs Scheller orders the detonation of the explosives under the western ramp approach of the bridge to delay the US advance.
1520hrs Scheller orders the bridge destroyed. Ignition circuit fails, so a secondary circuit is ignited but only a small portion of the charge det onates. The bridge remains intact.
1600hrs An infantry platoon under Lt. Karl Timmermann reaches the east side of the Ludendorff Bridge and by 1700hrs captures the Remagen garrison in the tunnel.
March 8 Hitler dismisses von Rundstedt and Kesselring takes over as Wehrmacht commander in the west. German attacks against the Ludendorff Bridge begin.
March 11 First two tactical bridges are erected over the Rhine on either side of the Ludendorff Bridge.
March 13 Patton’s Third Army launches offensive into the Saar-Palatinate to support Operation Undertone; the Rhine “Rat Race” ensues with the collapse of German forces beyond the Moselle.
March 19 The success of Operation Undertone prompts Eisenhower to change plans and he gives the green light to Bradley’s Operation Voyage.
Night of March 22–23 Patton’s Third Army makes Rhine crossing near Oppenheim.
March 24 Montgomery’s Operation Plunder begins crossing of Rhine near Wesel including US Ninth Army’s Operation Flashpoint and followed by the Operation Varsity airborne landing.
March 25 First Army begins Operation Voyage to break out of the Remagen bridgehead
March 30 The spearhead of First Army, 3rd Armored Division, engages in a ferocious two-day battle for Paderborn, the last major objective before sealing off the Ruhr pocket.
April 1 Elements of the 2nd and 3rd Armored Divisions meet near Lippstadt enclosing the Ruhr pocket.
April 18 Ruhr pocket collapses, about 317,000 German troops surrender, the largest mass surrender of the war.