Abelard, Peter, 251
Abraham (Biblical), 226–27
Acorn Philosophy of Vocation, 89
Adamson, Andrew, xiv
Alice in Wonderland, 80
Allegory of the Cave, 173–74
Allen, Tim, 208
altruism, defending, 72–73, 75
ancient Greeks, 146–47
Andrew, Uncle. See Uncle Andrew
animal pain, 282
and compensation argument, 279–281
Anscombe, G.E.M. (Elizabeth), 260, 267–68, 272
Anselm, Saint, 251
Aquinas, Thomas, 94–95, 109, 276
Summa Theologica, 90
Aragorn, 89
Aravis, 69, 101–02, 156, 160, 227
and Aslan, 228
Aristotle, 75, 87, 90, 109, 176, 183
on happiness, 86
Arp, Thomas, 80
Aslan, 41, 61, 85, 89, 137, 210, 243
claws of, as metaphor, 226
copy of, 44
death and resurrection, 250
and the dwarfs, 18
and Emeth, 231–32, 233–34, 240–41
faith in, 78
as fearsome, 45–46
and free will, 211–12
as good and terrible, 221, 230
as guide, 25
and Jill, 104, 114–15, 237, 241
life-transforming encounters with, 113–16
and Lucy, 25, 33, 45, 62, 63, 104, 115, 134, 136, 179
negotiating with Witch, 250, 256, 258
as ransom, 250
rescuing Narnia, 88
and Shasta, 227, 239, 240–41, 250, 256, 258
showing what is wrong, 102, 104
symbolism of, 150
troubling aspects of, 148–49
Aslan’s country, 214–15, 231, 235, 237, 273
way into, 236
Athena, 147
Brief Lives, 72
Augustine, St., 47, 70, 109, 227
Ayer, A.J.
Language, Truth, and Logic, 6
Back to the Future (movie), 208
Bacon, Francis, 55
beauty and pain, paradox of, 222
Beauvoir, Simone de, 157
Beaver, Mr. and Mrs., 45, 92, 273
belief
and fear, 22
justification of, 16
and knowledge, distinction
between, 15–16
weighing evidence for, 29–30
withholding of, 39
Bennett, William, 131
Bentham, Jeremy, 83
beyond good and evil, 125, 126
Boethius, 209
Boromir, 89
Brady Bunch (TV show), 103
Brewer, Derek, 263
Bunyan, John
Pilgrim’s Progress, 253
Butler, Bishop Joseph, 73
Calormenes, 101
Campbell, Joseph, 89
Carpenter, Humphrey, 261
Caspian, Prince, 41, 47, 68, 87, 91, 102, 134
and magic pool, 195–96
change, and identity, problem of, 181
character education, 116–18
and religion, 117
children’s stories
role of, 143
Christian apologetics, 270
Christian Platonism, 177
The Chronicles of Narnia (Narnia stories) (see also individual titles), xiii, xvi, 6, 88, 143
beginning of, 7–8
breaking female stereotypes in, 156–57
character types in, 132–35
and Christian apologetics, 265–66
contemplative life in, 86–87
creation in, 246
on dangers of corrupt leaders, 151–52
desire and belief in, 20
faith in, 59
and faith and reason, 261, 272
fall from paradise symbolism, 162
female characters in, 155
free will in, 211–12
gender in, 155–58
golden extremes in, 92
and gospel stories, 236
as hierarchical world, 275–76
kings and queens in, 137–38
lack of parenting in, 158
life of action in, 87–88
masculine standard in, 157–58
on modern secularism, 194, 199
and moral imagination, 132, 135, 137, 139, 140
moral immaturity of children in, 107
moral resonance of, 130
and myth of the fall, 151
on mistreatment of animals, 275
and nobility, concept of, 137–38
and philosophy of work, 82–83
purpose of, 137
relational universe in, 216–17
sight and sound in, 4–5, 8–9, 13–14
symbolic imagery in, 147–48
Talking Animals in, 15, 273–76
theological meaning of, 217
transformations in, 180–81, 185
vices in, 135–36
virtue ethics in, 140
virtues in, 135
worship in, 136
Churchill, Winston S., 31
classical picture of the world, morality in, 109–110
Clifford, W.K., 18
Cockburn, Bruce, 92
Coles, Robert, 131
Conditioners, 98
Coriakin the Magician, 87
Corin, 182
Craig, William Lane, 264
Dark Island, 5
defeaters, of belief, 63
Demea, 222
Demosthenes, 21
Discourse on Method, 147
Dewey, John, 60
Digory, 7–8, 123, 169, 176, 194, 208. See also the Professor
and Aslan, 70, 78, 115, 247–49
and magic apple, 70–71, 77, 115, 162, 248–49
on real Narnia, 203
and the Witch (Jadis), 12, 77, 162
The Divine Comedy, 80
Dorothy (Wizard of Oz), 205
Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan
The Sign of Four, 85
Dufflepuds, 3
duty, 90
the Dwarfs, renegade, 18, 25, 53, 59–60, 211, 233
Dyson, Hugo, 263
Edmund
moral growth of, 112
moral immaturity of, 107, 111, 224
and the Queen of Narnia, 25
transformation of, 224
and Turkish Delight, 20, 27, 162, 224
and the White Witch, 20, 27, 162, 224, 249–250
education
and moral development, 107–08, 116
and science, 107
egoism, 72
Einstein, Albert, 207
the Enlightenment, 63
epistemic predicament, 29
epistemic responsibilities, 17
epistemology, 15
ethical theory, 141–42
ethics, crisis in, 139–140
Eustace (Eustace Scrubb), 3, 4, 41, 59, 67–68, 77, 89, 104, 136, 271
bravery of, 68–69
hedonism of, 82–83
and modern science, 203
moral immaturity of, 106, 108, 114
parents of, 275
as symbolizing modern secularism, 193
transformation of, 23, 187, 225–26
Eve (Biblical), 9, 161, 162, 163, 164
evil, as trap, 253
exclusivism, religious, 233, 234, 238
Experiment House, 107, 109, 112, 113, 193, 198
faith and prudence, 270
false beliefs, 18
fear, and belief, 22
Companion to Narnia, 164
Forms, Platonic, 173–74, 178, 179
Fox, Michael J., 208
on God, 44–45
Garden of Eden (Biblical), 9
genetic fallacy, 46
Ginger the Cat, 98–99
Glaucon, 176
God
and free will, 211
and time, 209–210
golden mean, 92
Green Witch, 41–42, 261, 267. See also Queen of Underland
beauty of, 161
case against Overworld, 42–43
Gregory of Nyssa, 251
Gulliver’s Travels, 80
Gumpas, Governor, 91
Hawking, Stephen, 207
hedonism, 81
Heidegger, Martin, 145
heroic actions, 74
heroism, in Narnia, 67–71, 76, 77
Hilton, Paris, 221
Hitler Youth, 145
Leviathan, 124
Holmes, Sherlock, 85
The Horse and His Boy, 69, 89, 101, 129, 138, 156, 160, 210, 227, 228, 238, 243
and personal identity, 182–83, 188
Hume, David, 74
Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion, 222
Hussein, Saddam, 258
imagination, 132
inclusivism, religious, 232, 238, 241–43
intellectual virtues, 16, 17, 26
Isaac (Biblical), 226
Jadis, 125, 151–52, 162, 163, 246, 247, 249. See also Queen of Charn; White Witch
and Deplorable Word, 151
power hunger of, 124–25
tempting Digory, 70–71
words of, 10
“The Will to Believe,” 50
Jesus Christ, 26
Jesus Seminar, 265
Jewel the Unicorn, 89, 91, 215, 231, 273
Jill (Jill Pole), 41, 42, 59, 67–68, 85, 86, 89–90, 91, 106, 136, 271
and Aslan, 104, 114–15, 237, 241
enchantment of, 174
moral immaturity of, 110
Jinn, 163
Jo (Little Women), 155
Johnson, Greg, 80
justice, and humor, connection between, 11
justification, of belief, approaches to, 16
Kant, Immanuel, 54–55
Ketterley, Andrew. See Uncle Andrew
Kirke, Professor Digory. See the Professor
knowledge
and belief, distinction between, 15–16
as participation, 61
as personal and objective, 62
as perspectival, 55–57
tacit, 63
The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 58
language
and community, 11
and perspective, 11
Lasaraleen, 160
The Last Battle, 44, 86, 91, 96, 107, 137, 149, 150, 151, 169, 192, 231
coercion in, 90
Platonism in, 176–78
prudence and faith in, 271
real Narnia, 203
redeemed in, 235
Time in, 213
transformation in, 181
Lefay, Mrs., 123
Legolas, 89
Lewis, C.S., xiii
The Abolition of Man, 94, 95, 96, 105, 118, 119, 141, 194, 199, 265
on animal immortality, 277–280, 284
on animal pain, 278–281
on animals, 274–76
and consciousness, 282–83
on atonement, 245
and Christian apologetics, 260–61, 263–64, 265
The Chronicles of Narnia (Narnia stories) (see also individual titles), xiii, xiv, xvi, 4–5, 7–9, 13–14, 20, 82–83, 86–88, 92, 96, 98, 100, 106–07, 130, 132, 135–37, 139, 140, 143, 147–151, 153, 155–58, 162, 180–81, 185, 194, 199, 204, 206, 211, 215–17, 236, 246, 261, 265, 272, 273, 275
contemplative life of, 87
critique of immoralism, 119
debate with Anscombe, 260–63
on domination, 128–29
fantasy and truth in, 80
on genuine religious experience, 221
on God
power of, 229–230
and time, 209–212
God in the Dock, 127
on the good life, 86
The Great Divorce, 212, 213, 214, 254, 277
The Horse and His Boy, 69, 89, 101, 129, 138, 156, 160, 182–83, 188, 210, 227–28, 238, 243
on imagination, 131–32
“Is Theism Important?,” 264
and knowledge as personal, 62
The Last Battle, 18, 25, 44, 59, 86, 89, 90, 91, 96, 107, 137, 149, 150, 151, 155, 169, 176–78, 181, 192, 203, 213, 231, 235, 271, 273
and life of action, 87
The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe, xiii, 6, 12, 20, 25, 29, 84, 85, 87, 88, 108, 156, 162, 169, 235, 248, 249, 255, 270
The Magician’s Nephew, 6, 15, 21, 115, 123, 128, 149, 246, 247, 248–49
Mere Christianity, 47, 119, 210, 212, 216, 263, 266, 268, 269, 272
Miracles, 194, 197, 199, 260, 262, 263, 264, 265, 267
on modern education, 105, 107, 108, 196
on modern secularism, 193–95, 199, 200, 203
“Modern Theology and Biblical Criticism,” 264
on moral education, 118
as moral realist, 127
on Natural Law, 128
on Nietzsche, 98
“On Obstinancy of Belief,” 264
on paradigm values, 59, 60, 63–64
on perception, 57–58
philosophical background of, xv–xvi, 55
philosophy of leisure, 91–92
and philosophy of vocation, 89
and philosophy of work, 82–83, 95
The Pilgrim’s Regress, 201, 253
and pluralism, 233–34
“The Poison of Subjectivism,” 98
Prince Caspian, 22, 25, 33, 62, 102, 111, 134, 137, 159, 196, 271
The Problem of Pain, 222, 229, 263, 276
on prudence, 268–69
on punishment, 228
and Ransom Theory, 259
“Rejoinder to Dr. Pittenger,” 264
on science, 108
The Screwtape Letters, 92, 125, 252, 253
sexism in, 163
shift in writing, 263
The Silver Chair, 41, 44, 51, 60, 85, 104, 112–13, 126, 136, 138, 161, 173, 174, 201, 237, 261
on slavery, 129
on transcendent ideas, 201
on voice, 10
The Voyage of the “Dawn Treader,” 23, 47, 68, 82, 85, 86, 87, 91, 103, 112, 134, 138, 160, 164, 195, 236
Lewis, Warnie, xiii
Lewis’s Trilemma, 266
Limbaugh, Rush, 4
the Lion. See Aslan
The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe (book), 84, 85, 87, 108, 111, 169
Aslan in, 6, 12, 88, 115, 221, 235, 248
epistemic predicadent in, 29
evil in, 249
and faith and prudence, 270
fur coats in, xiii
gender roles in, 156
life of action in, 87
philosophical themes in, xiv
White Witch in, 20, 88, 162, 255
The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe (movie), xiv
Little Women (Louisa May Alcott), 155
logical positivism, 6
loving others, for their own sakes, 77
Lucas, John R., 246, 251–52, 257, 258
Lucy, 3, 5, 20, 57, 85, 91, 100, 159, 165
and Aslan, 25, 33, 62, 63, 104, 112, 115, 134, 136, 179
Christmas gifts for, 88
disbelieved, 27–28, 33–34, 134, 196, 204
and Magician’s book, 103
moral growth of, 112
moral immaturity of, 111
remarkable tale of, 27–28, 204
and the White Witch, 162
Luther, Martin, 90
MacIntyre, Alasdair, 76, 131, 143
“Egoism and Altruism,” 75
The Magician’s Nephew, 149
creation of Narnia, 15
Fall in, 247
Marx, Karl
Critique of the Gotha Program, 88
The Matrix (movie), 124
Meilaender, Gilbert, 142
memories, problems of, 189
metaphysics, 209
“might makes right,” 119
Mill, John Stuart, 84
suppressing Aslan stories, 196–97
modern education, and ethics, 198
modern secularism, 198–99, 201, 203
as closing off the spiritual, 196
as instrumentalist, 195
moral development, and stories, 131
moral evil–natural evil distinction, 223
moral imagination, 130–31
moral relativism, 141
Moreland, J.P., 264
the mythic, power of, 144
Napoleon, 258
Narnia
creation of, 15
endless adventure in, 179
and feminine beauty, 161–62
Fall from Paradise symbolism, 163–64
femininity in, negative picture of, 164–66
gender in, 155
masculine standard in, 158
moral development of children in, 106, 113
nested levels of, 178
virtues in, 111
Witches in, 162
Narnia stories. See The Chronicles of Narnia
naturalism, 262
Natural Law, 94–95
Newton, Sir Isaac, 206
Nietzsche, Friedrich, 97, 98, 120–22, 127, 129
beyond good and evil, 125
on Christianity, 121
numerical identity versus qualitative identity, 183
objective knowing
assumptions of, 55–56
The Odyssey, 80
Origen of Alexandria, 249, 251, 252, 258
Orwell, George
Animal Farm, 253
pain
as God’s megaphone, 223
and moral strength, 227
problem of, 230
retributive function of, 228
Paley, William, 73
paradigms, and values, 59
Pascal, Blaise, 47, 49, 51, 52
Pearcey, Nancy, 197
Total Truth, 198
personal identity
and accidental versus essential properties, 183–85
and body, 190–91
and memory, 187–89
and personality, 187
and point of view, 189–190, 192
and soul theory, 191–92
and souls, 186
Peter, 27–28, 85, 87–88, 165, 172
Christmas gifts for, 88
epistemic predicament of, 30–31, 36
moral growth of, 111–12
moral immaturity of, 111
nobility of, 138
Tao of, 96
Pevensie children. See Edmund; Lucy; Peter; Susan
Pevensie, Mr., 86
Philo, 222
Pilgrim’s Progress (Bunyan), 80
Pink Floyd
Dark Side of the Moon, 206
Plantinga, Alvin, 63
Plato, 3, 75, 86, 109, 117, 148, 169, 173–74, 176, 178
Allegory of the Cave, 173–74
and Christianity, differences
between, 177
Gorgias, 120
Phaedo, 177
Republic, 97, 119, 131, 146, 170, 173, 176
on stories, 145–46
pluralism, religious, 232
point of view, as embodied, 190–91
Polanyi, Michael, 61–63
Pole, Jill. See Jill
Polly, 7–8, 70, 71, 162, 194, 247–48
Positivists, 55
practical morality, 141
Prince Caspian, 22, 102, 111, 134, 137, 159, 196, 271
spiritual blindness in, 25
Principle of Charity, 23
Principle of Relevant Difference, 200
Prizzle, Miss, 197
the Professor (Professor Digory Kirke), 27, 86, 87, 108, 169, 266–67
logic of, 266
maxims of, 172
and Socratic method, 170–73
properties, accidental versus essential, 183–85
prudence, and faith, 270
Puddleglum, 41, 52, 61, 67–68, 276
bravery of, 68
speeches of, 42, 48–49, 175–76, 202
Puzzle (the donkey), 44, 271–72
Queen of Charn, 124. See also Jadis; White Witch
and Deplorable Word, 9
Queen of Underland/Underworld, 41–42, 126, 174–75, 202. See also Green Witch
case against Overworld, 42–44
Rabadash, Prince, 160, 185, 243
defense of, 252–59
problems for, 251–52
reading, as hearing, 13
“reasons of state,” false use of, 152
Reepicheep, 47, 68–69, 85, 91, 136, 273
relativity theory, and time, 207, 209
religious salvation, views of, 232–33
Retributivist Theory of punishment, 228
Rilian, Prince, 41, 60, 126, 137, 174
enchantment of, 201
memory of, 188
seduction of, 161
Ruse, Michael, 199
Saint-Simonian movement, 88
The Santa Clause (movie), 208
as Jinn, 163
as metaphor, 252
Sawyer, Tom, 81–82
Sayer, George, 131
science, paradigms in, role of, 58–59
scientism, 197
Scrubb, Eustace. See Eustace
Shackleton, Ernest, 78
shadowlands, 203
Shadowlands (movie), xiii
Shakespeare, William
Hamlet, 81
The Tempest, 80
journey of, 238–39
as ruler, 96–97
Shrek (movie), xiv
Shrek 2 (movie), xiv
The Silver Chair, 41, 44, 51, 60, 85, 112–13, 126, 136, 138, 161, 173, 188, 237, 261
enchantment in, 174–75, 201–02
transcendent ideas in, 201
sin, entrapment of, 254
Socrates, 23, 119, 169, 171, 172–73, 176
Socratic Digest (journal), 263
Socratic method, 170
sound
mystery of, 12
and self–identity, 13
significance of, 12
vocative philosophy of, 7
Stable/Stable Door, 60, 211, 233
Star Trek (TV show), 265
Strawberry, 273
supererogatory acts, 74
Susan, 27–28, 45, 84, 85, 87, 113
and boys, 160
caution of, 159
Christmas gifts for, 88
epistemic predicament of, 30–31, 36
exclusion of, 165–66
femininity of, 155, 158, 159–160, 164
gentleness of, 159
as mothering, 158
tacit knowledge, 63
Tao, 95
experience of, 104
Taoism, 95
The Tempest (Shakespeare), 80
testimony, assessing, 31–32, 34–40
theism, 209
Tilgher, Adriano, 86
time, 206–207
and God, 209–210
and relativity theory, 207, 209
Tolkien, J.R.R., 3, 52, 119, 137, 184, 253, 273
The Lord of the Rings, 89, 265
Toto (Wizard of Oz), 205
Trumpkin, 26, 33, 62, 127, 271
Tucker, Abraham, 73
Tumnus, Mr., (the Faun), 20, 27, 84, 87, 91
Tao of, 100–01
Twain, Mark
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, 81
Twins Paradox, and time, 207
ugly versus invisible, choosing between, 3
desires and beliefs of, 20–21
fear of animals, 22–23
immoralism of, 123
inconsistency of, 200
moral character of, 107, 108, 135
lack of self–knowledge, 24
and the Queen, 21
selfishness of, 24
and speaking animals, 11, 15, 19
as symbolizing modern secularism, 194–95
and the Tao, 98–99
vanity of, 128
universalism, religious, 232, 233
universal salvation, 232
Utilitarianism, 83
virtue epistemology, 16
virtue ethics, 140
virtues, 112
acquisition of, 110
cardinal, 110
vocation, 79
voice, significance of, 7
The Voyage of the “Dawn Treader,” 23, 47, 68, 82, 85, 86, 87, 91, 103, 112, 134, 138, 160, 164, 236
slavery in, 195
Watson, Dr., 85
Western philosophy
pursuit of certitude in, 53–54
on vision and darkness, 5
White Witch, 9, 84, 88, 89, 100, 102, 247. See also Jadis; Queen of Charn
and Edmund, 20, 27, 162, 249–250
lineage of, 162–63
Wielenberg, Erik, 278
Williams, Charles, 261
Wilson, A.N., 261, 262, 267, 272
Wilson, E.O., 199
Witch. See Green Witch; Jadis; White Witch
Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 260
Wood between the Worlds, 8, 208
Wormwood, 125
wrong livelihood, in Narnia, 90, 91
work, 79
Young, Dudley, 144–45
Origins of the Sacred, 144
Zarathustra, 129