Input and Output Member Functions

Form of a Function Call	Description	Header File
Stream_Var.open (External_File_Name);	Connects the file with the External_File_Name to the stream named by the Stream_Var. The External_File_Name is a string value.	fstream
Stream_Var.fail( );	Returns true if the previous operation (such as open) on the stream Stream_Var has failed.	fstream or iostream
Stream_Var.close( );	Disconnects the stream Stream_Var from the file it is connected to.	fstream
Stream_Var.bad( );	Returns true if the stream Stream_Var is corrupted.	fstream or iostream
Stream_Var.eof( );	Returns true if the program has attempted to read beyond the last character in the file connected to the input stream Stream_Var. Otherwise, it returns false.	fstream or iostream
Stream_Var.get (Char_Variable);	Reads one character from the input stream Stream_Var and sets the Char_Variable equal to this character. Does not skip over whitespace.	fstream or iostream
Stream_Var.getline (String_Var, Max_Characters +1);	One line of input from the stream Stream_Var is read, and the resulting string is placed in String_Var. If the line is more than Max_Characters long, only the first Max_Characters are read. The declared size of the String_Var should be Max_Characters +1 or larger.	fstream or iostream
Stream_Var.peek( );	Reads one character from the input stream Stream_Var and returns that character. But the character read is not removed from the input stream; the next read will read the same character.	fstream or iostream
Stream_Var.put (Char_Exp);	Writes the value of the Char_Exp to the output stream Stream_Var.	fstream or iostream
Stream_Var.putback (Char_Exp);	Places the value of Char_Exp in the input stream Stream_Var so that that value is the next input value read from the stream. The file connected to the stream is not changed.	fstream or iostream
Stream_Var.precision (Int_Exp);	Specifies the number of digits output after the decimal point for floating-point values sent to the output stream Stream_Var.	fstream or iostream
Stream_Var.width (Int_Exp);	Sets the field width for the next value output to the stream Stream_Var.	fstream or iostream
Stream_Var.setf(Flag);	Sets flags for formatting output to the stream Stream_Var. See Display 6.5 for the list of possible flags.	fstream or iostream
Stream_Var.unsetf(Flag);	Unsets flags for formatting output to the stream Stream_Var. See Display 6.5 for the list of possible flags.	fstream or iostream