Test What You Already Know

Part A: Quiz

1. 1. Questions 1–3 refer to the passage below.

   2. “Genghis Khan ordained that the army should be organized in such a way that over ten men should beset one man and he is what we call a captain of ten; over ten of these should be placed one, named a captain of a hundred; at the head of ten captains of a hundred is placed a solider known as a captain of a thousand, and over ten captains of a thousand is one man, and the word they use for this number (is tuman). Two or three chiefs are in command of the whole army, yet in such a way that one holds the supreme command.

      When they are in battle, if one or two or three or even more out of a group of ten run away, all are put to death; and if a whole group of ten flees, the rest of the group of a hundred are all put to death, if they do not flee too. In a word, unless they retreat in a body, all who take flight are put to death. Likewise if one or two or more go forward boldly to the fight, then the rest of the ten are put to death if they do not follow and, if one or more of the ten are captured, their companions are put to death if they do not rescue them.” ” 

      Excerpt from Franciscan emissary John of Plano Carpini’s letter to Pope Innocent IV, circa 1245 C.E.

   1. Which of the following statements best describes the similarity between the impact of the Roman and Mongol empires?

      1. They both brought all of Eurasia under one rule.
      2. They both created a large economic market.
      3. They both established large naval forces.
      4. They both spread a common language.

   2. Which of the following statements is true of the Turks and the Mongols?

      1. Both conquered and ruled Korea.
      2. Both were skilled administrators and bureaucrats.
      3. Both had written languages based on Arabic.
      4. Both were pastoral nomads originally from the Central Asian steppes.

   3. The Mongol empire declined because of

      1. religious differences with the native peoples
      2. succession issues
      3. feeble rulers after Genghis Khan
      4. the Red Turban Rebellion 

   4. 1. Questions 4–5 refer to the following passages.

      2. “Kingdom of Mali

         From the beginning of my coming to stay in Egypt I heard talk of the arrival of this sultan Musa on his Pilgrimage and found the Cairenes eager to recount what they had seen of the Africans’ prodigal spending.  I asked the emir Abu . . . and he told me of the opulence, manly virtues, and piety of his sultan. . . . Then he forwarded to the royal treasury many loads of unworked native gold and other valuables.  I tried to persuade him to go up to the Citadel to meet the sultan, but he refused persistently saying: ‘I came for the Pilgrimage and nothing else.  I do not wish to mix anything else with my Pilgrimage.’ . . .

         This man [Mansa Musa] flooded Cairo with his benefactions.  He left no court emir nor holder of a royal office without the gift of a load of gold. . . .  They exchanged gold until they depressed its value in Egypt and caused its price to fall.”

         Al-Umari, circa 1324 C.E.

         “Islam and Pilgrimage to Mecca

         [T]he faithful . . . had the same objective to worship together at the most sacred shrine of Islam, the Kaaba in Mecca. One such traveler was Mansa Musa, Sultan of Mali in Western Africa. Mansa Musa had prepared carefully for the long journey he and his attendants would take. He was determined to travel not only for his own religious fulfillment, but also for recruiting teachers and leaders, so that his realms could learn more of the Prophet's teachings.”

         Mahmud Kati, Chronicle of the Seeker, circa 1330 C.E.

      4. The sources about the travels of King Mansa Musa of Mali suggest which of the following about this West African kingdom?

         1. Its centralized government made possible the development of an effective military.
         2. Its people practiced diverse traditional religions and a nomadic agrarian economic system.
         3. Its wealth came partly from gold resources, and the religion of Islam had spread to Mali.
         4. Its wealth made possible the building of many mosques and a large university library.

      5. After the expansion of Islam into West Africa,

         1. the economy slowed
         2. a decentralized government developed
         3. civil war broke out
         4. trade increased

      6. 1. Questions 6–8 refer to the passage below.

         2. “[Novelist] Amin Maalouf … asks the question, ‘Can we go so far as to claim that the Crusades marked the beginning of the rise of Western Europe—which would gradually come to dominate the world—and sounded the death knell of Arab civilization?’ 

            [This is] a conclusion that is perfectly in keeping with the modern popular consensus in both the Middle East and the West. Popular it may be, yet it is nonetheless wrong. Scholars have long argued that the Crusades had no beneficial effect on Europe’s economy. . . . Rather than decadent or ‘assaulted on all sides’ the Muslim world was growing to ever new heights of power and prosperity after the destruction of the crusader states in 1291. . . . Indeed, they are evidence of the decline of the Christian West, which was forced to mount these desperate expeditions to defend against ever expanding Muslim empires.” 

            Thomas Madden, The New Concise History of the Crusades, 2005

         6. Which of the following describes the major impact of the Crusades on Western Europe?
            
            1. European political dominance in the Levant aided their development of shipping technology.
            2. The exposure to Eastern goods and technology helped increase trade and foster a global outlook.
            3. The feudal system was strengthened as peasants encountered the cruelties of the West Asian labor systems.
            4. The failure of the Crusades set Western Europe back economically hundreds of years.

         7. How did the Crusades most strongly affect the Byzantine Empire?

            1. Faced with Western hostility, the Byzantines made a temporary alliance with the Seljuk Turks.
            2. Aided by Western troops and financing, the empire retook much of Anatolia, Syria, and Jerusalem from the Muslims.
            3. They directly caused the Great Schism in Christianity, which isolated it in the face of later Turkish advances.
            4. Latin Christians were alienated from Western Europe, which isolated them in the face of later Turkish advances.

         8. In the era of the Crusades, another instance of warfare leading to cultural transfers was

            1. the Columbian Exchange between the Western and Eastern hemispheres
            2. introduction of Christian thought to West Africa due to Portuguese and English conquests
            3. interchange of ideas and techniques between China and the Muslim world under the Mongol empire
            4. spread of Jewish philosophy and ritual to Prussia and Scandinavia during the Baltic Crusades

         9. 1. Questions 9–10 refer to the following map.

            2. 

            9. The map directly supports the statement that

               1. the Ming made several voyages across the Indian Ocean
               2. the Silk Route included a maritime path
               3. Christopher Columbus and Ferdinand Magellan could not have accomplished what they did without East Asian navigators
               4. the Chinese were already aware that the Philippines held nothing of value

            10. Based on your knowledge of world history, the fears expressed in ending the voyages depicted on the map are best reflected in

                1. Kublai Khan’s conquest of China
                2. the rise of the Umayyad dynasty
                3. the sack of Constantinople 
                4. the downfall of the Mali Empire

            11. Part B: Key Topics

                The following is a list of the major people, places, and events for Period 3: 600 to 1450 C.E. You will very likely see many of these on the AP World History exam.

                For each key topic, ask yourself the following questions:

                1. Can I describe this key topic?
                2. Can I discuss this key topic in the context of other events?
                3. Could I correctly answer a multiple-choice question about this key topic?
                4. Could I correctly answer a free-response question about this key topic?

                Check off the key topics if you can answer "yes" to at least three of these questions.

                ”New” Empires

                1. Byzantine empire
                2. Islamic Caliphates

                Chinese Empire

                1. Grand Canal
                2. Neo-Confucianism
                3. Fast-ripening rice

                Korea

                1. Mongols

                Islamic Caliphates

                1. Mecca
                2. Muhammad
                3. Shi'a
                4. Sunni
                5. Al-Andalus
                6. Umayyads
                7. Astrolabe
                8. Trans-Saharan trade

                Decentralized States

                1. Charlemagne
                2. Feudalism

                Western Europe and the Crusades

                1. Crusades

                Europe during the High Middle Ages

                1. Bills of exchange
                2. Hanseatic League

                Nomadic Empires

                1. Polynesians
                2. Vikings
                3. Seljuk Turks

                Mongols

                1. Genghis Khan

                West African Kingdoms

                1. Mansa Musa
                2. Bantu
                3. Swahili city-states

                Long-Distance Trade

                1. Melaka

                Travelers

                1. Ibn Battuta
                2. Marco Polo

                Spread of Disease

                1. Bubonic Plague

                European Developments

                1. Renaissance

                Part B: Count the number of Key Topics you checked off.

                      out of 31 Key Topics

                Your Results			Next Steps
                Quiz		Key Topics
                You answered 8+ questions correctly	AND	You checked off 25+ (80%+) key topics	Review the quiz explanations at the back of the book. Read the Rapid Review in this chapter. Complete the Test What You Learned section in this chapter and review the quiz explanations.
                You answered 5–7 questions correctly	OR	You checked off 16–24 (50–79%) key topics	Review the quiz explanations at the back of the book. Read the Rapid Review in this chapter. Go to the Complete Time Period Review for this period in Part 3. Read each High-Yield section about the key topics you did not check off. If you are short on time, read as many of these High-Yield sections as you are able. Complete the Test What You Learned section in this chapter and review the quiz explanations.
                You answered <5 questions correctly	AND	You checked off <16 (<50%) key topics	Review the quiz explanations at the back of the book. Read the Rapid Review in this chapter. Go to the Complete Time Period Review for this period in Part 3 and: If you have time in your study schedule, study the full chapter. If you are short on time, focus on High-Yield sections and the key topics with which you are least familiar. Complete the Test What You Learned section in this chapter and review the quiz explanations.