Endnotes

image

Chapter 1

1     This gendered dynamic further intersects with racism, ableism, homophobia, classism and other forms of dominance, oppression and discrimination, so that women of colour, to take one example, are less often heard in the public sphere than those who are white. Likewise, those who are not wealthy compared with those who are.

2     www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2281891/Women-really-talk-men-13-000-words-day-precise.html#ixzz3nIEDUT2W

3     J. Michael Bowers, Miguel Perez-Poucholen, N. Shalon Edwards, and Margaret M. McCarthy, ‘Foxp2 mediates sex differences in ultrasonic vocalization by rat pups and directs order of maternal retrieval’, The Journal of Neuroscience, 33(8):3276:3283, 20 February 2013

4     Simon E. Fisher, Faraneh Vargha-Khadem, Kate E. Watkins, Anthony P. Monaco and Marcus E. Pembrey, ‘Localisation of a gene implicated in a severe speech and language disorder’, Nature Genetics 18, 168–170, 1998

5     www.bbc.com/future/story/20131112-do-women-talk-more-than-men

6     Deborah James and Janice Drakich, ‘Understanding gender differences in amount of talk’, in Deborah Tannen (ed.), Gender and Conversational Interaction, Oxford University Press, New York/Oxford, 1993

7     www.linguistik-online.com/1_00/KUNSMANN.HTM

8     www.salon.com/2014/04/28/the_problem_with_saying_the_media_has_a_%E2%80%9Cwoman_problem%E2%80%9D

9     Plutarch, Morals, 381ef, quoted in www.arch.uoa.gr/fileadmin/arch.uoa.gr/uploads/images/evy_johanne_haland/mr_2012.pdf

10   Both Bible quotes from New International Version, Biblica, 2011

11   www.derbyshireheritage.co.uk/Menu/Curiosities/The-Quiet-Woman-Earl-Sterndale.php

12   www.smh.com.au/lifestyle/life/do-you-know-what-your-daughters-doing-tonight-20110629-1gqda

13   www.slate.com/articles/double_x/doublex/2013/10/sexual_assault_and_drinking_teach_women_the_connection.html

14   www.oxfordmail.co.uk/news/11431450.Judge_in_rape_trail_warning_____Conviction_rates_will_not_improve_until_women_stop_drinking_so_heavily___/

15   www.vocativ.com/news/278919/pregnancy-alcohol-use-cdc/

16   Andra Medea and Kathleen Thompson, Against Rape, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, New York, 1974, p. 59

17   www.ourwatch.org.au/Understanding-Violence/Facts-and-figures

18   www.theguardian.com/theguardian/from-the-archive-blog/2012/nov/15/el-vino-women-ban-fleet-street-1982

19   www.abc.net.au/news/2014-07-31/women-in-turkey-defy-call-not-to-laugh-in-public/5637742

20   bianet.org/english/women/166434-bulent-arinc-be-silent-as-a-woman

21   instagram.com/p/bhsfdOt7HZ/

22   www.youtube.com/watch?v=URWXkPDwG0g

23   twitter.com/SenatorWong/status/630611154574782464

24   www.theaustralian.com.au/national-affairs/peta-credlin-rallies-liberal-women-members/news-story/4b1c00401dfe1073c3f07e9 8f4482086

25   www.huffingtonpost.com.au/entry/hillary-clinton-gun-control_562a53fee4b0ec0a38942fd1?section=australia&adsSiteOverride=au

26   asq.sagepub.com/content/early/2012/02/28/0001839212439994.abstract

27   www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2015/sep/17/northern-territory-minister-who-told-female-mp-he-felt-like-slapping-her-says-it-was-a-metaphor

28   www.smh.com.au/sport/the-fitz-files/is-that-a-scandal-i-hear-brewing--it-must-be-time-for-another-nrl-season-20150227-13qjzg. html#ixzz3mX7ClQx5

29   www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/si.1984.7.1.87?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents (abstract)

30   Carole Edelsky, ‘Who’s got the floor?’, in Deborah Tannen (ed.), Gender and Conversational Interaction, Oxford University Press, New York/Oxford, 1993

31   www.interruptions.net/literature/Rhoades-FM01.pdf

32   Deborah Tannen, You Just Don’t Understand: Women and Men in Conversation, William Morrow, New York, 1990, p. 76

33   MUST GET PERMISSION www.law.harvard.edu/students/experiences/ExecutiveSummary.pdf; the study found that ‘Women consistently volunteered to speak less often and made up a significantly smaller percentage of frequent talkers, those students who speak three or more times in one class. Although the monitored classes were on average 45% female, women made 39% of the 7,831 total comments in our sample. This disparity primarily reflects a gender difference in student volunteered comments. A male student was 50% more likely to speak voluntarily at least once during a class meeting than was a female student.’

34   Who Makes the News? (2010), GMMP Report – Global Media Monitoring Project 2010, September, Annex 3, National Results, p. 94

35   ibid.

36   andrewwhitby.com/2013/11/11/abc-qanda-gender/

37   Ray Martin and Shaun Brown, ‘ABC Editorial Review no. 6: Content, conduct and panel composition of the Q&A program (February–June 2015)’, December 2015, pp. 102–104; see also www.theguardian.com/media/2015/dec/17/abcs-qa-program-should-give-women-proper-representation-says-report http://about.abc.net.au/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/ABCEditorialReview6.pdf

38   www.smh.com.au/business/media-and-marketing/silence-is-golden-for-women-in-radio-20140710-zt30h.html#ixzz3mXGbZjmJ

39   www.abc.net.au/news/2014-03-14/ford-male-privilege-extends-beyond-the-airwaves/5321558

40   thehoopla.com.au/women-radio-dial/

41   Chrys Stevenson, ‘The blokeyness index: blokes win the gender war in Australia’s 4th estate’, King’s Tribune, 6 December 2012, pp. 8–13

42   www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2011/dec/04/why-british-public-life-dominated-men

43   www.4thestate.net/female-voices-in-media-infographic/

44   www.bunchecenter.ucla.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/2014-Hollywood-Diversity-Report-2-12-14.pdf

45   www.nytimes.com/2015/11/22/magazine/the-women-of-hollywood-speak-out.html?smid=tw-nytmag&smtyp=cur&_r=0

46   womenintvfilm.sdsu.edu/files/2014_Celluloid_Ceiling_Report.pdf

47   annenberg.usc.edu/pages/~/media/MDSCI/Inequality%20in%20700%20Popular%20Films%208215%20Final%20for%20Posting.ashx

48   screencrush.com/star-wars-diversity-casting/

49   Rebecca Solnit, Men Explain Things to Me, Haymarket Books, USA, 2014

Chapter 2

1     www.theguardian.com/books/2013/sep/27/author-david-gilmour-female-writers

2     www.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/leadership-and-political-participation/facts-and-figures#sthash.n3fiZryu.dpuf

3     www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2010/jan/17/germaine-greerelles-pompidou

4     Repucom, ‘Media coverage and the economic value of women’s sport in Australia’, corporate briefing paper (not publicly available). From the document: Myth 1: Dedicated coverage of women’s sport is decreasing. When compared to previous research in 2008, the volume of television event coverage dedicated to women’s sport remains stable. Despite the addition of male dominated channels such as Fox Footy, women’s sport accounts for 7% of all television event coverage on Australian television. ‘Repucom estimates that the Australian sports sponsorship market is worth around $780m, of which only 8% is attributable to women’s sport. Women’s sport presents an underutilised opportunity for corporate Australia.’

5     Email to Tara Moss

6     www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/central-park-has-no-statues-real-women-180955973/?no-ist

7     link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10755-014-9313-4

8     news.ncsu.edu/2014/12/macnell-gender-2014/

9     www.pnas.org/content/109/41/16474.abstract

10   www.womensagenda.com.au/talking-about/editors-agenda/item/6761-another-study-proving-gender-bias-exists-another-reason-to-continue-our-effort-to-change-it

11   www.pnas.org/content/112/43/13201.full.pdf

12   www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/Lookup/4102.0Main+Features20Sep+2012

13   www.newappsblog.com/2012/09/call-to-action-and-a-petition-in-support-of-the-gendered-conference-campaign-revised.html

14   news.nationalpost.com/news/philosophy-gender-war-sparked-by-call-for-larger-role-for-women

15   The 2015 Turnbull cabinet is 100% white and 85.7% are of predominantly Anglo-Celtic heritage. There is an Aboriginal member and a member with Aboriginal ancestry in the ministry but neither are in the cabinet; 16 of 21 cabinet members (76.1%) are Australian born of primarily Anglo-Celtic heritage; one is British born; one is Nigerian born of British parents; one is Australian born of Greek descent; one is Australian born of Polish/Jewish descent; one is Belgian born (German-speaking Belgium)

16   twitter.com/utopiana/status/645482434503446530

17   www.abc.net.au/news/2013-09-17/ita-buttrose-criticises-lack-of-women-in-cabinet/4961704

18   www.abc.net.au/am/content/2013/s3850120.htm

19   startsatsixty.com.au/current-affairs/news/see-why-this-list-of-canadas-amazingly-diverse-cabinet-is-going-viral-and-how-australia-compares; www.cbc.ca/news/politics/full-list-of-justin-trudeau-s-cabinet-1.3300699

20   freedomhouse.org/blog/exclusion-women-peace-negotiations#. Ved3J7Rqlvd

Chapter 3

1     www.dailylife.com.au/news-and-views/lisa-wilkinson-and-annabelcrabb-lament-viewer-obsession-with-female-tv-journalists-appearance-20131028-2wbge.html

2     Curiously the tome was published without a date (in the edition I have, anyway) but seems to have first been published in 1958.

3     www.youtube.com/watch?v=WO4tIrjBDkk

4     www.youtube.com/watch?v=D95HL51HlVI

5     www.youtube.com/watch?v=5meC4Z61qGg

6     languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=3626&utm_source=twitterfeed&utm_medium=twitter

7     www.abc.net.au/correspondents/content/2015/s4171748.htm

8     www.youtube.com/watch?t=133&v=4iyJmpxtZDE

9     www.youtube.com/watch?v=txSSO4VglMI

10   languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=17496

11   www.youtube.com/watch?t=133&v=4iyJmpxtZDE

12   www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4037169

13   languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu/nll/?p=3226

14   info.noldus.com/throwing-shade-the-science-of-rbf

15   www.independent.co.uk/life-style/fashion/news/scientists-have-discovered-what-causes-resting-bitch-face-a6850441.html

16   www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/jul/24/vocal-fry-strong-female-voice

17   nymag.com/thecut/2015/07/can-we-just-like-get-over-the-way-women-talk.html?mid=twitter_nymag#

18   www.newstatesman.com/world-view/2013/09/five-reasons-tony-abbott-shouldnt-be-womens-minister

19   www.voicecoach.net/lucy.php

20   www.voicecoach.net/store.php

21   www.nytimes.com/2015/11/22/magazine/the-women-of-hollywood-speak-out.html?smid=tw-nytmag&smtyp=cur&_r=0

Chapter 4

1     www.womensagenda.com.au/talking-about/item/6380-a-collection-of-hints-on-how-to-do-public-speaking

Chapter 5

1     Hélène Cixous, Three Steps on the Ladder of Writing (trans. Sarah Cornell and Susan Seller), Columbia University Press, New York, 1984, p.9

2     dangerousminds.net/comments/ernest_hemingway_and_the_six-word_short_story

3     The actual source of this story is debated. Quote Investigator suggests possible sources for the story may be early advertisements from 1906 onwards; newspaper stories, the first from 1910; or even an essay on creative writing by William R. Kane from 1917

4     Ernest Hemingway, Selected Letters, 1917–61, (ed. Carlos Baker), Scribner, London, 1981, p. 594.

5     blog.bufferapp.com/optimal-length-social-media

6     medium.com/data-lab/the-optimal-post-is-7-minutes-74b9f41509b#.4qui91a22

7     taramoss.com/manus-island-insiders-report

8     Stephen King, On Writing, Scribner, New York, 2000, p. 56

9     valenciacollege.edu/wp/cssc/documents/ElementsofPersuasive.pdf

10   Stephen King, On Writing, Scribner, New York, 2000, p. 117–118

Chapter 6

1     www.criticalthinking.org/files/Concepts_Tools.pdf

2     theness.com/neurologicablog/index.php/how-to-argue/

3     web.archive.org/web/20090114165606/www.chips.navy.mil/archives/86_jul/interview.html

4     www.news.com.au/lifestyle/real-life/mark-ruffalo-on-the-i-am-not-a-feminist-internet-phenomenon/story-fnu2q5nu-1227372981280

5     www.womenyoushouldknow.net/response-to-i-am-not-a-feminist-libby-anne-bruce-wrote-it-mark-ruffalo-shared-it-and-its-awesome/

6     quoteinvestigator.com/2015/06/01/defend-say/

7     www.copyright.org.au/acc_prod/ACC/Information_Sheets/Fair_Dealing__What_Can_I_Use_Without_Permission.aspx

8     www.copyright.org.au/ACC_Prod/ACC/Information_Sheets/Quotes___Extracts.aspx?WebsiteKey=8a471e74-3f78-4994-9023-316f0ecef4ef

Chapter 7

1     www.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/ending-violence-against-women/prevention

2     www.theadvertiser.com/story/life/people/2015/11/30/acadianabarista-helps-men-discover-inner-strength/76450338/

3     www.cbsnews.com/news/san-bernardino-shooting-american-women-increasingly-interested-in-terrorism/

4     suite.io/bailey-poland/6s1g2mv

5     www.sbs.com.au/comedy/article/2015/10/20/david-jones-risk-losing-racist-idiot-market

6     www.nbcnews.com/politics/2016-election/donald-trump-resumes-fight-against-fox-news-anchor-megyn-kelly-n541921?cid=sm_fb

7     time.com/4198737/donald-trump-megyn-kelly-sexism/

Chapter 8

1     www.onlinecollege.org/2010/02/16/50-famously-successful-people-who-failed-at-first/

2     thoughtcatalog.com/rachel-hodin/2013/10/35-famous-people-who-were-painfully-rejected-before-making-it-big/

3     www.onlinecollege.org/2010/02/16/50-famously-successful-people-who-failed-at-first/

4     www.historyofaboriginalsydney.edu.au/south-coastal/meeting-my-auntie-first-time-pamela-young

5     www.wsj.com/articles/how-to-take-criticism-well-1403046866

6     books.google.com.au/books?id=EjL9qyGmJF4C&pg=PA31&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false

Chapter 9

1     www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/13/julia-gillard-howard-sattler-interview

2     www.youtube.com/watch?v=na6xzMXNjWA

3     University of Alberta Sexual Assault Centre (undated), ‘Triggers and Flashbacks’, www.ualberta.ca/~uasac/Triggers.htm

4     Empowered Together (2015), ‘Flashbacks’, www.empoweredtogether.com.au/support_flashbacks/#

Chapter 10

1     As the writer passed away recently and the article can no longer be accessed online, I have decided not to name him or his publisher here.

2     twitter.com/bairdjulia/status/477370073812705280

Chapter 11

1     www.fullstopfoundation.org.au

2     www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs239/en

Chapter 12

1     www.norton.com/au/survey-women

2     www.standard.co.uk/news/london/caroline-criadoperez-how-i-won-my-banknote-battle-and-defied-rape-threat-trolls-a3123956.html

3     Sample size: 1,053 18+ year old women and an equal number of men. Typical margin of statistical error +/- 3.0%. For more information see: www.norton.com/au/survey-women

4     www.dailylife.com.au/news-and-views/dl-opinion/tweet-creep20160309-gnefnb.html

5     www.lawstuff.org.au/nsw_law/topics/bullying/cyber-bullying

6     www.endrevengeporn.org/revenge-porn-laws

7     www.dailylife.com.au/dl-people/celebrity-news/labor-mp-tim-watts-introduces-revenge-porn-bill-says-blaming-women-for-the-crime-is-wrong-20151012-gk76zj.html

8     au.norton.com/cybercrime-landing

9     www.theaustralian.com.au/life/weekend-australian-magazine/are-kids-safe-online-answer-is-theyre-only-as-safe-as-you-make-them/news-story/d256712c9e273c00b07aacf15b8a4b25

10   sydney.edu.au/law/slr/slr_35/slr35_1/04_Crofts_Lee.pdf

11   www.lawstuff.org.au/wa_law/topics/privacy

12   crashoverridenetwork.tumblr.com/post/108387569412/preventing-doxing

Chapter 13

1     twitter.com/rubyhamad/status/659669955231612928

2     twitter.com/JohnCleese/status/711348180810502145

3     www.facebook.com/georgehtakei/photos/a.737221629640626.1073741 825.205344452828349/1386491291380320/?type=3&theater

Chapter 14

1     www.abc.net.au/news/2014-10-23/luke-batty-inquest-father-was-100-per-cent-bad/5835800

2     http://carlyfindlay.blogspot.com.au/2013/12/how-to-win-internet-or-how-to-defend.html

3     mariamveiszadeh.com/2015/11/23/death-threats-in-the-virtual-world-meant-i-had-to-worry-about-my-safety-in-the-real-one/

Chapter 15

1     www.iwpr.org/initiatives/pay-equity-and-discrimination

2     newrepublic.com/article/121530/women-color-make-far-less-78-cents-mans-dollar

3     Audre Lorde, A Burst of Light: Essays, Firebrand Books, New York, 1988, p. 131

4     www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/nutwaterrequir.pdf

5     sleepfoundation.org/video-library

6     www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/content/health-pubhlth-strateg-phys-act-guidelines#apaadult

7     on.aol.com/video/red-table-talks--jada-pinkett-smith--willow-smith-talk-love--family-517362771