Abwehr
Action Groups (Einsatzgruppen)
Ahnenerbe (Ancestral Heritage)
Alexander, Gen. Sir Harold
d’Alquen, Gunther
Antonescu, Marshal Ion
Apollo Club (Munich)
Attolico, Bernardo
Austin, Sergeant-Major Edwin
Baarova, Lida
Bach-Zelewski, Erich von dem
Baretski, Stefan
Becher, Kurt
Beck, Gen. Ludwig
Berger, Gottlieb
Best, Karl Werner
Bethge, Pastor Eberhardt
Bernadotte, Count Folke
Blomberg, Gen. Werner von
Blum Léon
Bocchini, Police Chief
Bodenschatz, Gen. Karl von
Bohle, Ernst
Bonhoeffer, Pastor Dietrich
Bormann, Frau Herda
Bormann, Martin
Bose, Herbert von
Bouhler, Philip
Brack, Dr Viktor
Brand, Yoel
Brandt, Dr Karl
Brandt, Dr Rudolf (Himmler’s principal secretary).
Brauchitsch, Field-Marshal Walter von
Braun, Eva
Braun, Prof. von
Brunswick, Archbishop of
Burckhardt, Karl
Busch, Field-Marshal Ernst
Butler, Ewan
Canaris, Adm. Wilhelm
Carinhall (Göring’s residence)
Churchill, Odette
Ciano, Count Galeazzo
Concentration Camps; rival foundations (1933); Göring’s conception of; Himmler’s pre-war organization of; Himmler on prisoners in; Himmler’s attitude to; Himmler’s visits to; medical experiments in; wartime developments in, first phase; extermination of defective persons in; organization of slave labour in; instructions for executions in; looting from prisoners in; evacuation and liberation from; individual camps: Auschwitz; Bergen-Belsen; Birkenau; Buchenwald; Dachau; Flossenbürg; Gross-Rosen; Linz; Lublin; Natzweiler, Mauthausen; Oranienburg; Ravensbrück; Sachsenhausen; Treblinka
Concerzowo, Lydia and Bertha
Crinis, Prof. de
Daluege, Kurt
Darré, Walter
Das Schwarze Korps
Death’s Head Unit (later Division)
Degrelle, Léon
Diels, Rudolph
Dietrich, Sepp
Doctors’ Trial (Nuremberg 1946-7)
Doenitz, Grand Admiral Karl
Dollfuss, Engelbert
Dornberger, Maj.-Gen. Walter
Dulles, Allen
Eberstein, Freiherr von
Eden, Sir Anthony
Eichmann, Adolf
Eicke, Theodor
Einsatzgruppen (see Action Groups)
Eisenhower, Gen. Dwight D.
Epp, Ritter von
Ernst, Karl
Falkenhausen, Gen. von
Farben-Industrie
Fegelein, Hermann
Fellgiebel, Gen. Erich
‘Final Solution’, the, Chap. V passim
Fischer, Dr Fritz
Franco, Gen. Francisco
Frank, Hans
Frankfurt Trial 1964-5
Frederick the Great
Freisler, Roland
Frick, Wilhelm
Fritsch, Gen. Baron Werner von
Fromm, Gen. Friedrich
Gebhardt, Karl
Gestapo (principal refs.): origin; under Goring; taken over by Himmler; later power of; and the Fritsch case; under Heydrich
Giesler, Paul
Gisevius, Hans Bernd
Globocnik, Odilo
Glücks, Richard
Goebbels, Joseph
Goerdeler, Carl
Goring, Hermann
Greim, Ritter von
Groeber, Archbishop
Grothmann, SS Col. Werner
Guderian, Gen. Heinz
Günther, Christian
Gürtner, Franz
Hacha, Emile
Hajji Iman, Mufti
Halifax, Lord
Hallgarten, Wolfgang
Hanke, Karl
Hassell, Ulrich von
Hauser, Paul
Haushofer, Albrecht
Hedwig (also known as Häschen, Himmler’s mistress)
Heiden, Erhard
Heiliger, Max
Herff, SS. Gen. von
Heinrich, Prince of Bavaria
Heinrich I (Henry the Fowler)
Heinrici, Gen. Gotthard
Held, Heinrich
Helge (Himmler’s illegitimate son)
Helldorf, Count Wolf von
Henderson, Sir Nevile
Hess, Rudolf
Hewitt, Abram Stevens
Heydrich, Frau Lina
Heydrich, Reinhard, SS. Gen.: character; first meeting with Himmler (1931); early relationship with Himmler; appointed Chief of S.D.; work for SS.; builds up S.D. files; establishes S.D. in Berlin; appointed Himmler’s Deputy (1934); and Roehm purge; appointed SS. Lieut.-Gen.; and Kaltenbrunner; and concentration camps; relations with Canaris and Abwehr; and the Tuchachewski affair; and the Blomberg-Fritsch cases; and the Anschluss; and Eichmann; and persecution of Jews; visits Mussolini; gradual independence from Himmler; contempt for Himmler’s obsessions; Gisevius on; Schellenberg on; Kersten on; Himmler on; uses brothel Salon Kitty to obtain information; possibility of Jewish blood; flies with Luftwaffe; and first conception of genocide; suspicions of Kersten; prepares for Russian campaign; receives extermination order from Goring; relation to Eichmann; appointed SS. General and Acting Reich Protector in Czechoslovakia; relations with Bormann; voices Himmler’s views in speech to Czechs; at Wannsee conference on ‘final solution’; assassinated (May, 1942); compiles medical evidence on Himmler; encourages Horia Sima at the expense of Antonescu
Himmler, Anna (mother)
Himmler, Ernst (brother)
Himmler, Gebhard (father)
Himmler, Gebhard (brother)
Himmler, Gerhard (foster-son)
Himmler, Gudrun (daughter)
Himmler, Heinrich: character, Chap. vi passim; contribution to Nazi regime; childhood and schooling; youth in Munich; diary; character in early youth; attitude to first world war; officer-cadet (1917); studies agriculture in Munich; character as student – social life, attitude to girls and sex, selfcriticism, parsimony, precision, early anti-semitism; initial relationship with Roehm; takes part in Munich putsch (Nov. 1923); initial contact with Hitler; joins Nazi Party (August 1923); joins Völkische movement; on Strassers’ staff; early contact with Goebbels; Goebbels on Himmler (1926); joins SS. (1925); appointed Deputy Reich Propaganda Chief and Deputy Commander, SS.; marries (1928); buys smallholding Waltrudering; daughter Gudrun born (1929); appointed Reichsführer SS. (1929)
Initial plans for SS. – the élite corps; institutes SS. marriage code; made member of Reichstag (1930), development of racial obsessions and anti-semitism; claims peasant ancestry; employs Heydrich as principal assistant; relation with Goring after January 1933, appointed President of Police in Munich (1933); founds Dachau as ‘model’ concentration camp; relations with Hoess; concept of camp discipline; developing powers of; assumes control of German police and Gestapo (1934—5).
Residences (1934); relations with wife and family; and Roehm purge; and SS. in Austria; and murder of Dollfuss; purges ranks of SS. (1934); insistence on sport; and concept of Teutonic knights; founds Wewelsburg as SS. retreat; and Henry the Fowler; and Catholic Church; founds Ahnenerbe; responsibility for principle of concentration camps; relations with other Nazi leaders during midthirties; relation with High Command; and Blomberg and Fritsch cases; addresses High Command on function of SS. (1934)(1940); founds Lebensborn movement; has two children by mistress Hedwig; on SS.; on pan-Germanic culture; and the occult; and the Anschluss; appointment of Eichmann as specialist in Jewish affairs; persecution and extermination of the Jews: in Austria; first conception of genocide; on duties of Security Police; on necessity for genocide; extermination of Jews and Slavs in Russia; makes Auschwitz centre for extermination under Hoess; the ‘final solution’, chap. v passim; slave labour; instructions for executions; sale of emigration permits to rich Jews; and Warsaw Ghetto; and Theresienstadt Ghetto.
Conducts tour of Sachsenhausen; attitude to camps; sent by Hitler on diplomatic mission to Italy, and to Czechoslovakia; the attack on Poland – operation Himmler; relations with other Nazi leaders during war; their characterisation of Himmler; later relationship with Heydrich; increasing ill-health; subservience to Hitler; in Poland; appointed head of Reich Commissariat for Consolidation of German Nationhood; on policy in Poland; German racial re-settlement scheme; decrees forcible adoption of racially desirable children; and euthanasia of mentally unfit; promotes medical experiments in concentration camps; encourages controlled breeding by SS., later racial obsessions; parsimony and financial straits; and the campaign in the West (1940), wartime development of the Waffen-SS., of the Ahnenerbe; relations with Kersten; orders extermination of defective prisoners in the camps; orders collection of ‘sub-human’ skulls; extends powers during war; directed by Hitler to prepare for Russian campaign.
Oppressed by decision on genocide; reaction to Heydrich’s appointment to Prague; becomes increasingly subject to Schellenberg’s influence; on the Russian front; reaction to assassination of Heydrich; attempts to control industry; forms international SS.; plans for world domination by Germany; speech on destruction of Warsaw Ghetto; visits Auschwitz; briefs Skorzeny on rescue of Mussolini; applies Hitler’s leadership system to his own staff; sends reproofs to SS. officers; concern over Hitler’s health and sanity; first considers independent peace negotiations; fails to oppose Ribbentrop; later influence of Kersten on, chaps. vi and viii passim; extends military ambitions; admiration for Jenghis Khan; regains confidence of Hitler after misunderstanding; becomes Minister of Interior (August 1943); relations with Bormann; takes over V2 from Army; destroys Abwehr. Mature beliefs concerning medicine; on pan-Germanic culture; destruction of Bolshevism; alliance with other Nordic races to control world; on place and function of women; on homosexuality; on religion and the Churches; on the Jewish race; on violence; on genocide; on the leadership principle.
Meets Goring and Ribbentrop on Allied landing in Normandy; actions after attempt on Hitler’s life (July 1944); appointed Commander-in-Chief, Reserve Army; negotiates sale of Jewish liberties; deportations and evacuations from camps; as Army Commander; uses Free Russian forces in the East; helps found German Home Guard; fear of Hitler; negotiates with Bernadotte on release of prisoners from camps and on peace terms; discusses peace negotiations with Goebbels; final meeting with Hitler; meets Masur to discuss liberation of Jews; seeks meeting with Allied Commanders; considers founding new Party without Hitler; hopes Allies will join with Germany to crush Bolshevism; dismissal by Hitler; final relations with Doenitz; arrest and interrogation by British; suicide.
Described by Bernadotte; by Bormann; by Dornberger; by Goebbels; by Guderian; by Hitler; by Kersten, chap. vi passim; by Doris Mehner (secretary); by Schellenberg; by Westphal.
Himmler, Marga (wife)
Hindenburg, Field-Marshal Paul von
Hitler Adolf, character; leads Munich putsch (November 1923); in Landsberg castle; concept of the SS.; attitude to Himmler and other prominent Nazis up to 1933, et seq.; attitude to S.A.; intrigue prior to coming to power; action on coming to power; declares amnesty for political prisoners (1933); desires to centralize control; gives Himmler control of police and Gestapo; and Roehm purge; decrees independence of SS. from SA; becomes Supreme Head of State on death of Hindenburg; and murder of Dollfuss; compares Himmler to Loyola; permits limited military training for SS; relations with High Command during and after the Blomberg and Fritsch cases; in Austria after Anschluss; employs Himmler as diplomat; and Czechoslovakia; attitude to his leaders at the beginning of war; appoints Heydrich Chief of Reich Security Office; Reichstag speech on Poland; orders extermination of mentally unfit; campaign in the West (1940); restricts Waffen SS; prepares Russian campaign; reaction to assassination of Heydrich; and leadership principle; Himmler’s medical report on; leaders’ concern over his health; isolation at various headquarters; regains confidence in Himmler after misunderstanding; at time of Allied landings in Normandy; attempt on his life (July 1944); agrees to demotion of Himmler as Army Commander in East; last meeting with Himmler; decides to stay in Berlin; dismisses Goring; dismisses Himmler; suicide
Hoepner, Gen. Erich
Hoess, Rudolf
Hoffmann, Heinrich
Hossbach, Col. Friedrich
Höttl, SS. Col. Wilhelm
Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, Prince of
Hunsche, Eichmann’s associate
Immfeld, Mme.
International Military Tribunal (the Nuremberg Trial (1945—6))
International Tracing Centre (Arolsen)
Jehovah’s Witnesses
Jodl, Alfred
John, Otto
Kaduk, Oswald
Kaltenbrunner, Ernst, SS. Gen.
Kaminski
Kammler, Heinz
Kaufmann, Karl
Keitel, Field-Marshal Wilhelm
Keppler, Wilhelm
Kersten, Felix, chaps. vi and vii passim
Kersten, Frau Irmgard
Kiep, Otto
Kiermaier, Josef
Kogon, Eugen
Korherr, Dr
Kramer, Josef
Kripo (the Criminal Police)
Krosigk, Count Schwerin von
Krueger, Friedrich
Krumey, Eichmann’s associate
Lammers, Dr Hans
Langbehn, Carl
Lebensborn movement
Leibstandarte Adolf Hitler
Ley, Dr Robert
Lidice, martyrdom of
Lippe-Biesterfeld, Prince
Loritz family (Munich)
Lüdecke, Kurt
Ludendorff, Gen. Erich, F. W.
Ludwig II, Prince of Bavaria
Luther, Martin
Macher, Major
Mähner, Doris
Masur, Norbert
Mecklenburg, Prince von
Meisinger, Josef
Mengele, Dr
Moltke, Helmuth Count von
Montgomery, Field-Marshal Lord
Morell, Dr Theodor
Mueller, Heinrich
Müller, Dr Josef
Munich putsch (November 1923)
Munich Pact (1938)
Murphy, Col. L. M.
Musi, Jean-Marie
Mussolini, Benito
Nanette-Dorothea (Himmler’s illegitimate daughter)
Nazi regime, nature of
Nebe, Artur
Neurath, Baron Constantin von
Nuremberg Trial (see International Military Tribunal)
Ofner, Dr Abram
Ohlendorf, Otto
Olbricht, Col. Gen. Friedrich
Papen, Franz von
Payne-Best, Capt. S.
Pohl, Oswald
Popitz, Johannes
Pringsheim, Fritz
Pruetzmann, SS. Gen.
Quisling, Vidkun
Race and Resettlement Office
Raeder, Adm. Erich
Rankine, Paul Scott
Rascher, Dr Sigmund
Rauter, Hans
Reichstag fire
Reitlinger, Gerald
Reitsch, Hanna
Remer, Otto Ernst
Ribbentrop, Joachim von
Riss, Dr
Roehm, Ernst
Rommel, Gen. Erwin
Rosenberg, Alfred
Rote Kapelle
Rothschild, Baron Louis de
Rundstedt, Field-Marshal Gerd von
SA (Sturmabteilungen: Assault Sections)
Salon Kitty
Saradeth, Col.
Sarre, Puppi
Schacht, Dr Hjalmar
Schellenberg, Walter , chap. viii passim
Schleicher, Gen. Kurt von
Scholl, Hans and Sophie
Schroeder, Kurt von
Schulenburg, Gen. Graf von
Schuschnigg, Kurt von
SD (Sicherheitsdienst: Security Service): founded under Heydrich; Heydrich builds up intelligence files; Section relations with the Abwehr; and the Tukhacchewski affair; Himmler on SD; SD spy-ring abroad; and Operation Himmler; departments under Heydrich; becomes an official state organisation; wartime duties; wartime relations with High Command; under Schellenberg; telephone-tapping; later wartime development
Selvester, Capt. Tom
Semmler, Rudolf
Seyss-Inquart, Dr Arthur
Schirach, Baldur von
Sievers, Wolfram
Sima, Horia
Simon, Sir John
Six, SS Col. Prof. Dr Franz
Skorzeny, Otto
Skubl, Michael
Solf, Dr and Frau Wilhelm
Speer, Albert
SS (Schutzstaffeln: Protection Squads): initial formation; Himmler appointed Reichsführer SS; SS under Himmler (1929-32)et seq.: concept of elite corps; SS marriage code (1932); SS Junkerschule (Bad-Toelz); growth of the SS; relation to the SA; rival factions within SS; recruitment of aristocrats and prelates; Himmler reduces numbers (1934).
Sense of respectability in SS; independence from SA; relationship with the Army; SS as a racial elite: developments after 1934, as latter-day Teutonic Knights; loyalty oath to Hitler; health and sport in; Jesuitical basis to organization; work with the concentration camps; para-military nature of; origin of the Waffen-SS; Himmler on; and the Lebensborn movement; and the Jews; and the Action Groups in Poland; and euthanasia of the mentally-unfit; and the medical experiments; international recruitment to; and European Jewry; later developments in the Waffen SS; Himmler’s ‘philosophy’ of future role of SS in Germanic society, chap. vi passim; opposition to homosexuality in SS by Himmler
Stalin, Joseph
Staudte, Dr Hans Hilmar
Stauffenberg, Colonel Claus Schenk, Count
Steiner, Felix
Stevens, Major P. H.
Stieff, Gen. Helmuth
Storch, Hilel
Strasser, Gregor
Strasser, Otto
Stroop, Lieut.-Gen.
Stuckart, Wilhelm
Terboven, Gauleiter Josef
Teutonic Knights
Theresienstadt Ghetto
Thiele, Gen. Fritz
Trevor-Roper, Prof. H. R.
Tukhachevski, Mar. Mikhail
Venlo Incident
Vlassov, Andrei
Völkischer Beobachter
Wagner, Gen. Eduard
Waldeck, Prince von
Wannsee Conference
Warsaw Ghetto
Wells, Capt. C. J. L.
Wenck, Gen.
Westphal, Siegfried
Wewelsburg, SS castle of
Winocaur, Jack
Wisliceny, Dieter
Witzleben, Field-Marshal Erwin von
Wolff, SS General Karl
Wulff, Wilhelm
Yorck von Wartenburg, Count Peter
Zahler, Ludwig
Zansen, Col.