INDEX

Achilles in Vietnam (Shay), 203–204, 221, 317–322, 325–326, 411n17

addiction, 261, 264, 275–287; and legal responsibility, 275–277, 280–282, 287; to gambling, 278–281, 286, 291–292; secondary, 281, 289; and personality disorders, 289; treatment of, 291–295; and eating disorders, 350

Adshead, Gwen, x, 10, 17, 52–53, 310

Afghanistan, U.S. soldiers in, 236–237, 313

African colonies, British psychiatry in, 193–196, 198–199, 202

agency, 226, 247, 249–250, 258–261; and moral identity, 53–54; and impulse control, 62–65, 74, 204, 258–261, 265, 275; and addiction, 275–282; fostering of, 292–295; perspectives on, 303–305, 309

“agent regret,” 315, 325

agnosia, 99–101

Ainslie, George, 293

alien abduction, delusion of, 143–144

Alzheimer’s disease, 296, 366–372, 375

amoralism, 13–14, 20–24, 28, 36, 390

Anna Karenina (Tolstoy), 120–122, 125, 330

anorexia nervosa, 337–338, 340–341, 345, 346, 347–350, 351–352, 354, 355, 357, 360–363, 389. See also eating disorders

antidepressants, 235–236, 377, 379, 381–382; to suppress sexual desire, 237–239

antisocial personality disorder, 3, 205, 296–305, 367; diagnosis of, 9, 13, 72–73

anxiety disorders, 213, 218

Appignanesi, Lisa, 187

Aristotle, 54, 223, 236; on common sense, 128, 129, 368; on voluntary action, 262–265, 286, 289; on legal responsibility, 271, 288; on catharsis, 325–326; on character, 343, 344, 368, 371, 377

artificial intelligence, 157

art interpretation, 97–98, 111–112, 161–185, 343

Asperger’s syndrome, 107, 116, 138, 233. See also autism

Asquith, H. H., 17

attitude spirals, 273–274, 330

Auden, W. H., 7, 55, 128, 329

auditory hallucinations, 141, 144; coping with, 176

autism, 3, 130–138, 228–234, 296; genetic factors in, 92, 230–231; and Asperger’s syndrome, 107, 116, 138, 233; and imagination, 131, 133–135; language of, 131–132, 244; repetitious movements in, 133–134, 136; severe, 229–232; high-functioning, 229–234; and personal identity, 310–311

autonomy, 241–242, 386–387; relational, 337; and “other-dependence,” 362–363; and individuality, 376–378

aversion therapy, 200

Bacon, Francis, 111–112

Barnes, Julian, 221–222

Bateson, Gregory, 331–332

Bayley, John, 370–371

Beale, Caroline, 267–271

beliefs, 154–160; Quine on, 118; delusional, 140–141; religious, 143, 150; bizarre, 149; mapping of, 258; authentic, 356–357

Berkeley, George, 152

Bertalanffy, Ludwig von, 331, 332

Biegler, Paul, 330

bipolar disorder, 145, 184; diagnosis of, 72, 90; genetic factors in, 93; and van Gogh, 177; treatment of, 382–385

Blake, William, 161, 172–176, 183, 204

Blankenhorn, Elsa, 166

Bleuler, Eugen, 126

blindness, 216–217, 253

blushing, 108

body integrity identity disorder (BIID), 227, 309–310

body language, 68–69, 128

Bolton, Derek, 218, 222

Bonne, Omer, 238

borderline personality disorder, 96, 204–207

Bowlby, John, 213

Bowman, Grace, 337–338, 354

Boyles, David C., 141

Brave New World (Huxley), 225–226, 239, 240

Broadmoor Hospital interviews, 18–35, 38–51, 55–56; description of, x, 3; interview design, 14–18; analysis of, 36–37, 51–55

Brockington, Ian, 268

Brodsky, Joseph, 189–191

Brook, Peter, 75–76

Brown, George W., 220

Bruch, Hilde, 358

Bryan, Felicity, 382–383

Bukharin, Nikolai, 224

Bukovsky, Vladimir, 190–191

bulimia, 345, 346, 349, 360, 362. See also eating disorders

Byng-Hall, John, 332–333, 335

Callow, Simon, 77

Campbell, John, 145, 149

Capgras delusion, 142, 145, 149, 151; neurological deficit in, 146, 154

capital punishment, 29, 33–35, 61; Orwell on, 51–52, 357

Carothers, J. C., 195–196, 198, 199

Carr, William, 410n1

Cartwright, Samuel, 278

Caspi, Avshalom, 299–300

catharsis, 325–326

Champ, Simon, 385–387

chess: computer programs for, 93–95, 115; “social,” 115–118, 143

childhood influences, 38–40, 47–49, 53, 297–299; on criminality, 70, 410n1; on autism, 135–136; on phobias, 214–215; in kibbutzim, 223–224; on depression, 235–237; and genetic risks, 299–303; on schizophrenia, 332–334; on eating disorders, 345, 346, 348, 360–361

Chinese Cultural Revolution, 191–193, 204

Clancy, Susan, 143

Clare, John, 123, 125, 161, 240–241

Cleckley, Hervey, 10–12, 59, 67, 69–70

Coleridge, Samuel, 283, 284, 294

common sense, 255; Aristotle on, 128, 129, 368

Communist Party, 150–151, 154, 158

compulsive behaviors, 264; and legal responsibility, 272; and addiction, 278–280; and eating disorders, 361. See also obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

computers, 256, 278

conduct disorder, 300

consent, patient, 236, 355

control groups, 17

Corbaz, Aloise, 169–170, 183, 184

Cornell, George, 32–33

Cotard’s delusion, 142, 147, 149

Cox, Brian, 79–80, 81

Cox, Murray, 78

Craddock, Nick, 187

Crinis, Max de, 189

cross-dressing, 207, 208

Crowhurst, Donald, 151–152

Custance, John, 145, 152, 154, 178

Damasio, Antonio, 157

Daniels, Ron, 81, 85

Darwin, Charles, 106, 212. See also evolution

Daudet, Alphonse, 178

Davidson, Donald, 149

Davis, Robert, 366, 370

Dawkins, Richard, 141

Debaggio, Thomas, 366, 369

decision-making, 62–63, 141, 157, 158, 290–293

defense mechanisms, 70; Ted Hughes on, 71, 72, 85; of autistic persons, 135–136

delusions, 3–4, 139–160, 183–184, 212, 331; and dreams, 147, 148, 156; definitions of, 148, 332; as epistemological distortions, 151–154; and Blake’s works, 174–176, 183; and legal responsibility, 272. See also specific delusions; hallucinations; psychosis

dementia, 296, 366–372, 375

depression, 184, 218–219; postpartum, 127–128, 266, 268–269; Thompson on, 213–214; Styron on, 218, 222; diagnosis of, 218–220; mourning versus, 219–222, 238; treatment of, 235–236, 238, 330, 379–382; Garfitt on, 307; triggers of, 329–330

“depressive realism,” 355

Descartes, René, 254

Deutsch, David, 255–256

Devlin, Lord, 202

Dewey, Larry, 318, 327–328

diagnosis, 72, 90–92, 203–207; of antisocial personality disorder, 9, 13, 72–73; genetic factors in, 92–93; holistic, 117–118, 187, 203; of autism, 130–131; of depression, 218–220

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), 90–91; on homosexuality, 200; on personality disorders, 203–206; on paraphilias, 207–210; criticisms of, 211; on depression, 218–220

Didion, Joan, 140

dopamine, 276, 277, 300

Dostoyevsky, Fyodor, 146, 147, 156, 184; on gambling, 279–281, 286

double bind theory, 332

Dowd, Michael, 268, 269

drama therapy, 75–78, 85

dreams, 147, 148, 156, 161

Dubuffet, Jean, 164

eating disorders, 126–127, 345–353; diagnosis of, 345; treatment of, 345–346; as alternative lifestyle, 350–353, 357–358; mortality from, 351, 354–355; self-awareness in, 354–365

Eccles, J. C., 254–255

Einstein, Albert, 142

Eisler, Ivan, 340

electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), 194

empathy, 120–122; development of, 74–75; Jaspers on, 128; and autism, 131

Engel, George, 219, 221

epilepsy, 146, 177

epistemological distortions, 151–154, 156

Ernst, Max, 164

ethnopsychiatry, 199

Evans-Prichard, E. E., 296

evolution, 204, 211–213, 215–216; of emotions, 106, 212; critics of, 150, 154

exhibitionism, 207, 367

Eye of the Sahara (Richat Structure), xiv, 1

Eysenck, Hans, 200

facial expressions, 107–114, 133

Fairburn, Christopher G., 345–346

fairness, 24–27, 31–35, 70

Falklands War, 313–315, 317, 324

Falun Gong movement, 192–193

family therapy, 330–337; Freudian vs. Socratic approach to, 338–340. See also childhood influences

Ferris, Rob, 79

fetishism, 207

Fisher, Dan, 249, 259, 261

Fisher, Marjorie, 268–270

Fitzjames Stephen, James, 265, 284

Flanagan, Owen, 385

Foddy, Bennett, 223, 275, 277, 278, 281

Fodor, Jerry, 118, 155

folk psychology, 128, 255

forgiveness, 326–328

Forsyth, Bruce, 55, 389

Fortey, Richard, 381

framing problems, 157, 331–333, 340

Frankl, Viktor, 242–243, 377, 389–390

Freeman, Laura, 161–163, 183, 241

Fregoli delusion, 146

Freud, Anna, 201

Freud, Sigmund, 28–29, 334; on hysteria, 87, 252; on unconscious drives, 121, 128, 343–344; Auden on, 128, 329; on homosexuality, 200–201; on mourning, 219; versus Socratic approach, 338–341. See also psychotherapy

Frith, Christopher, 144

frotteurism, 207, 208

Fulford, K. W. M., 158

gambling, 278–281, 286, 291–292

Gandhi, Mahatma, 147

Garfitt, Roger, 307

Gauguin, Paul, 177

Geese Theatre, 76–78, 85

gender identity disorder, 309

genetics, 92–93; of autism, 92, 230–231; of bipolar disorder, 93; evolutionary, 211–212, 215–216; and reproductive ethics, 231, 240; and childhood experiences, 299–303; of eating disorders, 345, 347

Gerland, Gunilla, 310–311

Geschwind, Norman, 100

gestalt psychology, 137

Geyl, Pieter, 249

Gide, André, 11

Giordano, Simona, 362, 364

Goffman, Erving, 85

Goldstein, Naomi, 268

Gombrich, Ernst, 98

gorillas, 115

Gosse, Philip, 150, 154

Grahame, Kenneth, 384

Grandin, Temple, 130, 133, 134, 138

Gray, J. Glenn, 313, 327

grief, 219–222, 238. See also depression

Grigorenko, Pyotr, 190

Guantanamo prison, 196–198, 388–389

Gurney, Ivor, 125

Gyges, ring of, 15, 21–25, 36

Hacking, Ian, 137

Halban, Emily, 340–341, 354

hallucinations, 212, 331; auditory, 141, 144, 176, 332. See also delusions

Hare, Robert D., 9, 12–13

Hare Krishna movement, 190

Hare Psychopathy Checklist, 9, 12–13, 53, 59

harm, 218–227; and dysfunction, 211, 216–217

Harris, Tirril, 220

hearing impairment, 231

Herbert, George, 390

Hicks, David, 196–198, 388–389

Higashida, Naoki, 131, 134, 135, 229

Higgins, Clare, 81–82

hippocampus, 253, 257

Hippocratic Oath, 77

Hitler, Adolf, 17, 297–299, 301; Stalin’s pact with, 150–151, 154; biographies of, 410n1

Hobbes, Thomas, 291

Hoche, Alfred, 189

Hockney, David, 97, 98

holistic thinking, 117–118, 187; reflective interpretation as, 150–151, 155, 159

Holocaust, 242–243, 377

Homer, 319

Homicide Act (1957), 266

homosexuality, 204, 215, 222, 230, 336; genetic factors in, 92; “treatment” of, 200–202, 238–239; laws against, 202

Hope, Tony, 354–355

Hopkins, Gerard Manley, 145–147

Hughes, Ted, 71, 72, 85, 106, 390

human flourishing approach, 222–223, 230–237, 350–353

Hume, David, 277, 302

Humphrey, Nicholas, 115–116

Huxley, Aldous, 179–180, 225–226, 239, 240

Hyman, Steven, 276

hysteria, 87, 252

identity, 307, 309–312; moral, 53–61, 312–313, 320–328, 389; and diversity, 233; and agency, 309; in eating disorders, 354–365; in dementia, 366–371; and schizophrenia, 374–376

imagination, autistic, 131, 133–135

Impressionist paintings, 97–98

impulse control, 62–65, 74, 204, 258–261, 265, 275

infanticide, 266–270

insanity defense, 264–265, 268–271, 367–368

International Classification of Diseases (ICD), 203–204

interpretation: of art, 97–98, 111–112, 161–185; intuitive, 106–114, 139, 142–148, 158–160; of facial expressions, 107–114; reflective, 115–122, 139, 143, 148–160; and self-creation, 119–120; of delusions, 139–160; of words, 147, 149; and emotional responses, 213

interview methods, 67–69, 89, 140. See also Socratic questions

intuitive interpretation, 106–114; distortions of, 139, 142–148, 158–160

Iraq War, 236–237, 313

Jackson, Erick D., 211

Jacoby, Robin, 187

James, Henry, 87

James, William, 276

Jamison, Kay Redfield, 177, 383–385

Jansson, Tove, 373

Jaspers, Karl, 1, 126, 128; on van Gogh, 177, 181

Jia Rubao, 192

Johnson, Matthew, 67

Joyce, James, 11

Jung, Carl, 104, 319

Kafka, Franz, 156

Kant, Immanuel, 28, 29, 232; on mental categories, 97, 99, 100; on reason, 115; on free will, 291

Kasparov, Garry, 93, 94

Keller, Daniel, 320, 322, 327

Kenya, 194–196, 198–199, 335

Kershaw, Ian, 410n1

Keshen, Richard, 362, 364–365

kibbutzim, 223–224

Kohler, Wolfgang, 137

Koryagin, Anatoliy, 190

Kraepelin, Emil, 93, 163

Kramer, Peter, 235–236, 238, 377, 379, 381

Kray twins, 32–33, 55

Ku Klux Klan, 11

Kumar, Channi, 268–270

Kurri, Katja, 336–337

Laing, R. D., 332

Lear, Jonathan, 301

lesbians. See homosexuality

Lessing, Doris, 351

Levy, Neil, 291

Lewis, Penney, 56

Libet, Benjamin, 259–260

listening skills, 203

lithium, 383–385

lobotomies, 192, 195, 198

Locke, John, 176

Lockwood, Michael, 255, 256, 260

Lunts, Daniil, 190

Mabey, Richard, 380, 382

Mach, Ernst, 142, 143

MacIntyre, Alasdair, 341–342

MacKenzie, David, 194

major depressive disorder. See depression

Malaya, 195

Malcolm, Janet, 104

malingering, 253–254

manic depression. See bipolar disorder

Mao Zedong, 191–192

mapping, mental, 253, 257, 258, 311

Marini, Marino, 343

Marlantes, Karl, 315–316, 319, 322–324, 326

Martian in the Playground (Sainsbury), 133, 138, 233–234

masks, 75–78, 85

masochism, 207, 221–222

Matisse, Henri, 98

Mau Mau movement, 194–196, 198–199, 335

McCulloch, Jock, 198–199

McGuffin, Peter, 187

McNally, Tony, 314–315, 317, 322, 324

McVitie, Jack “The Hat,” 32, 33

mescaline, 179

Mill, John Stuart, 199, 240

Miller, Geoffrey, 197

mind, theory of, 116–117, 250–260

“mirror neurons,” 101–102, 143

M’Naghten rules, 264–266, 270, 271, 367–368

Moffitt, Terrie, 299–300

Mohr, Jakob, 164–166, 173, 183

Monet, Claude, 97–98

moral identity, 53–61, 312, 389; and PTSD, 313, 320–328

morality, 74–75; without sympathy, 27–28; command, 28–31, 70; restraints of, 54; sense of, 63–64

Morris, Jan, 309

mother-child bonding, 127–128, 266–270

mourning, 219–222, 238. See also depression

Mueller, Heinrich Anton, 168–170

Murdoch, Iris, 369–371

Nagel, Thomas, 250, 327

National Institute of Mental Health (U.S.), 93

Nazi Germany, 14, 189; Hitler-Stalin pact of, 150–151, 154; sterilization program of, 168–172; Holocaust of, 242–243, 377

necrophilia, 207, 208

Nehru, Jawaharlal, 147

Nesse, Randolph M., 211

Neugeboren, Jay, 374, 375

neurodiversity, 229–234

neuroplasticity, 253

Newman, John Henry (Cardinal), 150

Newton, Isaac, 176

Nietzsche, Friedrich, 243, 342

nihilism, 159

“normality,” 218; versus diversity, 230, 233–234

Nozick, Robert, 226

Nussbaum, Martha, 224–225, 390

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, 205, 206. See also compulsive behaviors

O’Connor, Sean, 411n4

Olds, Sharon, 210, 403n2

Oppenheimer, Catherine, 369

Orwell, George, 51, 197, 357, 358–359

Ostwald, Wilhelm, 142, 143

“other-dependence,” 362–363

overinterpretation, 149–150

over-reaction model of psychiatric disorders, 213–214

Oxford Complex Needs Service, 293

Palazzoli, Mara Selvini, 331–333

panic disorder, 213

paradigms, scientific, 142, 143, 211

paranoia, 140–141; delusions of, 148–149; artwork of patients with, 164–165, 177; Soviet labeling of, 190, 191

paraphilias, 207–209

Peacocke, Christopher, 144

Pearce, Steve, 292, 293

pedophilia, 33, 35, 207–209, 367

Peel, Robert, 264

penance, 325

personality disorders, 10, 261; antisocial, 3, 9, 13, 72–73, 205, 296–305, 367; dimensions of, 72–73; borderline, 96, 204–207; diagnosis of, 203–207; definition of, 204; obsessive-compulsive, 205, 206; types of, 205–206; treatment of, 236; addiction in, 289

phobias, 213

pica, 177

Picasso, Pablo, 98

Pickard, Hannah, 292, 293

placebo effect, 258

Plath, Sylvia, 307

Plato, 13, 254, 283, 285; and ring of Gyges, 15, 21–25, 36

plausibility, 117; constraints on, 154–160

Popper, Karl, 160, 254–255

Post, Stephen G., 370

postpartum (or postnatal) depression, 127–128, 266, 268–269

post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 125, 244, 245, 313–328, 390, 411n17; recovery from, 203, 237, 325–328; diagnosis of, 221, 321–322; and suicide, 236–237, 313, 317; incidence of, 313

poverty, 42–43

Price, John, 211

Price, Peter, 200

Prinzhorn, Hans, 163–170

prisoners’ dilemma, 116

“Pro Ana” (anorexia) websites, 350–353

Procter-Gregg, Nancy, 201

protective responses, 212

Proust, Marcel, 87, 103, 137, 146; on interpreting faces, 107, 108, 142

Prozac, 235–236, 377, 379, 381–382

psychiatry, 331, 388–392; future of, 89–96; holistic, 117–118, 187, 203; principal tasks of, 127; political abuses of, 189–202, 204, 236, 388–389; evolutionary, 211–213

psychosis, 145, 382, 384; postpartum, 266, 268–269. See also delusions

psychosurgery, 192, 195, 198

psychotherapy, 329–344; with art, 75–76; with drama, 75–78, 85; and sexuality, 200–202, 238–239; for PTSD, 203, 237, 325–328; for personality disorders, 236; for depression, 238, 330; for addiction, 291–295; for families, 330–337; for schizophrenia, 331–332; humanistic, 340–342. See also Freud, Sigmund

PTSD. See post-traumatic stress disorder

Quakers, 175

“quantum computers,” 256

quantum physics, 255

Quine, W. V. O., 118, 149

racism, 193–196, 198

Radden, Jennifer, 369, 379

rape, 35, 41, 61

Rawls, John, 119

readiness potential, 259

reality: heightened sense of, 145, 146, 179; testing of, 148–149

Reason I Jump (Higashida), 131, 134, 135, 229

reciprocity, 52–53, 83

reflective interpretation, 115–122, 143; distortions of, 139, 148–160

Reiland, Rachel, 310

religious experiences, 143, 150, 368; of Blake, 174–176, 183

Rembrandt, 108–113, 123

reproductive ethics, 231, 240

respect, 51–53, 58, 82; nurturing of, 74–75

responsibility, 262–265; and agency, 249, 275–277, 280–282, 367–368; psychiatric constraints on, 265–267; diminished, 266–270, 287, 367–368; Aristotle on, 271, 288; and reactive attitudes, 272–275

Rhodesia, 193–194

Richat Structure (Eye of the Sahara), xiv, 1

Ridley, Bill, 326

Rilke, Rainer Maria, 381, 385, 388, 417n7

ring of Gyges, 15, 21–25, 36

Robinson, Henry Crabb, 174–175

Rodger, Kenneth, 193–194

Rossor, Martin, x, 419

Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 176

Russell, Bertrand, 255, 256, 332, 333

Rwanda, 14

Rylance, Mark, 82, 83

Ryle, Gilbert, 102–103

Sacks, Oliver, 252

sadism, 207

Sainsbury, Clare, 133, 138, 233–234

Saire, Rebecca, 83

Sass, Louis, 152–154

Saudi Arabia, 204

Savulescu, Julian, 223, 275, 277, 278, 281

schizoaffective disorder, 90

schizophrenia, 126–128, 144–145, 296, 372–378; Jaspers on, 1, 126, 128, 177; diagnosis of, 90–92, 372; genetic factors in, 92–93, 211–212; decision-making in, 141, 158; artwork of patients with, 163–170, 184; “latent,” 191–192, 196; “incipient,” 206; treatment of, 331–332, 374–375; childhood influences on, 332–334; and identity, 374–376; and self-creation, 385–387

schizotypal personality disorder, 205–206

Schmidt, Ulrike, 345–347

Schneider, Carl, 189

Schreber, Daniel Paul, 152–153, 174

Schudel, Adolf, 166–168, 183

self-awareness, 21, 146, 340–342; disorders of, 144–145; in eating disorders, 359–363; depth of, 388–390

self-creation, 53–55, 65–66, 70, 119–120, 244; through artwork, 184–185; and autonomy, 364–365; and schizophrenia, 385–387

self-forgiveness, 326–328

self-hatred, 58–61, 360, 361

Serbsky Institute, Moscow, 190

sexual abuse, 348

sexual dysfunction, 207–209

Shakespeare, William, 78–85, 87, 140, 325, 389; works of: Hamlet, 74, 78–79, 81–82, 83, 372; King Lear, 79–81; Romeo and Juliet, 81; Macbeth, 84, 107, 108

Shay, Jonathan, 203–204, 221, 317–322, 325–326, 411n17

Sher, Antony, 84

Sherman, Nancy, 315

sign language, 101

Silver, Gail, 96

Sinclair, Jim, 132, 228–229, 232, 233

Slater, Lauren, 381–382

slavery, 278

sleep paralysis, 143

Smith, Rebecca, 266, 271

Snezhnevsky, A. V., 190, 191

social anxiety disorder, 218

social cooperation, 115–117

Socratic questions, 9–10, 80, 84, 204, 387; about plausible constraints, 156; about good life, 225–226; about addiction, 283, 284, 286, 294; for psychotherapy, 338–341; about eating disorders, 353

solipsism, 153–154

Sophocles, 334

Soviet psychiatry, 189–191, 204

Spinelli, Margaret, 266, 268–269

Spinoza, Baruch, 254–256, 258, 260, 261, 330

Spooner, Warden, 147

Stalin, Joseph, 150–151, 154

Stancombe, John, 339

Starr, Sandy, 233

Stevens, Anthony, 211

stigma, 201, 208, 209, 233, 355

Stockholm syndrome, 355

Strawson, Galen, 243

Strawson, P. F., 87, 272

Strudwick, Peter, 201

Styron, William, 218, 222

suicide, 81, 205–206, 244; and post-traumatic stress, 236–237, 313, 317; after childbirth, 266, 270; and guilt, 315

sympathy, 47–51; morality without, 27–28; development of, 74–75

systems theory, 331–335

tagging, as familiar/strange, 145–148, 159

Tan, Jacinta, 354–355

Taylor, Charles, 119

Terence, 1, 138, 391

Thompson, Tracy, 213

thought insertion, 141–142

Tick, Edward, 320–321

Tolkien, J. R. R., 174

Tolstoy, Lev, 87, 106, 120–122, 125, 330

torture, 196–198, 320, 326, 327

transvestites, 207, 208

Treasure, Janet, 292, 345–347

Trocmé, André, 175

Tutu, Desmond, 175

types, theory of, 332

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), 189–191, 204

United Kingdom, colonial psychiatry of, 193–196, 198–199, 202

unmarried mothers, 200

van Gogh, Vincent, 161, 177–184

Vermeer, Jan, 181

Vietnam War, 195; U.S. veterans of, 203, 221, 315–317, 319–324; heroin use during, 287

vitalism, 256

Volkov, Solomon, 190–191

Voltaire, 176

voyeurism, 207

Wahlstrom, Jahl, 336–337

Waite, Robert G. L., 410n1

Wakefield, Jerome, 211, 220–221

Walker, Nigel, 287

Wallace, Jay, 292

Wegner, Daniel, 260

Werner, Wilhelm, 170–172, 183

White, Sue, 339

Wilde, Oscar, 14

Williams, Bernard, 315

Williams, Donna, 130, 131, 133–134, 136–137, 138, 307

Winterson, Jeanette, 199, 352

Wittgenstein, Ludwig, 137, 149, 153–154

Wölfli, Adolf, 162–163, 164

Wollheim, Richard, 214–216, 233, 363

Woolf, Virginia, 106, 120, 243–244, 362

Wootton, Barbara, 265, 284

Wordsworth, William, 175

Yates, Andrea, 270–271

Yehuda, Rachel, 321

Young, Andrew, 146, 154

Zimbabwe, 193–194

zombies, 251, 257