Notes

Introduction

1. 1 Robert Lowell, Collected Poems (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2003), 737.

2. 2 Kevin Young, The Grey Album: On the Blackness of Blackness (Minneapolis: Graywolf, 2012), 218.

Selected Letters

1. 1 A 1926 war comedy directed by A. Edward Sutherland.

2. 2 Samuel Bartlett, Headmaster at South Kent School.

3. 3 Clara C. Dulon, the first House Mother at South Kent.

4. 4 Richard M. Cuyler, a founder of South Kent School.

5. 5 The Pigtail was, and still is, a student newspaper at South Kent.

6. 6 Albion Patterson taught French at South Kent.

7. 7 Jane Atherton (1915–2007), then a student at Smith College.

8. 8 In addition to Mark Van Doren’s course on Shakespeare, JB was taking courses in philosophy with Irwin Edman (1896–1954), and in literature with Raymond Weaver (1888–1948) and George Clinton Densmore Odell (1866–1949).

9. 9 Dorothy Rockwell (1915–1998), then a student at Smith College.

10. 10 Joseph Wood Krutch (1893–1970), professor of English at Columbia and critic at The Nation.

11. 11 For JB’s review of Branch Cabell’s Smith: A Sylvan Interlude (1935), Harry Sackler’s Festival at Meron (1935), and Carl Christian Jensen’s Seventy Times Seven (1935), see “Types of Pedantry,” The Nation (27 November 1935).

12. 12 JB may refer to Aldous Huxley, Point Counter Point (1928).

13. 13 William Shakespeare, Richard II, 3.2.140–152. Unless stated otherwise, all subsequent references to Shakespeare are from Stephen Greenblatt et al., eds., The Norton Shakespeare (1997).

14. 14 Gerard Manley Hopkins, “The Wreck of the Deutschland.”

15. 15 JB received Donne’s Complete Poetry and Selected Prose (1932) as a gift from Irwin Edman on his birthday in 1935; here he quotes from the sermon Donne gave on 24 February 1625, and from “Holy Sonnet VII.”

16. 16 Charles Lamb, The Complete Works and Letters of Charles Lamb (1935).

17. 17 Samuel Foster Damon, “The Odyssey in Dublin,” Hound and Horn 3 (October-December 1929).

18. 18 JB’s review of E. A. Robinson’s King Jasper (1935), Edgar Lee Masters’s Invisible Landscapes (1935), Æ’s Selected Poems (1935), and four other volumes appeared as “Notes on Poetry: E. A. Robinson and Others,” Columbia Review 17.2 (December 1935).

19. 19 No poem by this title appears in Van Doren’s Collected and New Poems 1924–1963, though “Character of the Happy Warrior” appears in Van Doren’s later selection of Wordsworth’s poems.

20. 20 Mark Van Doren, Now the Sky and Other Poems (1928).

21. 21 Ann Atherton was the mother of Jane Atherton.

22. 22 At the top of the next page, JB has written: “3, counting the first (and why not, Claghorne?).”

23. 23 In a 27 October letter excerpted in Halliday, John Berryman and the Thirties: A Memoir (University of Massachusetts Press, 1987), 80–81, JB describes an incident in which Atherton and a male friend disappeared for some time from a Columbia party.

24. 24 Winann Vaughan, then studying art at the Pratt Institute and living near Columbia.

25. 25 Elspeth Davies (1917–2007), an undergraduate at Barnard College; “Shirley” was likely a Barnard College student as well. See “Images of Elspeth” and “Shirley & Auden” in Love & Fame, CP 170–73; 174–75.

26. 26 “Elegy: Hart Crane,” as well as “Thanksgiving,” Columbia Review 17.1 (November 1935). “Elegy” has been reprinted in Kevin Young, ed., John Berryman: Selected Poems (Library of America, 2004), 1–3.

27. 27 “Satire and Poetry,” a review of Auden’s The Dog Beneath the Skin, Columbia Review 17.1 (November 1935).

28. 28 Blackmur’s review of Tate’s Reactionary Essays (1936) was published as “The Experience of Ideas,” Columbia Review 17.3 (April 1936).

29. 29 Richard Kelly explains that “Beetle was a household god of the Berrymans’, created to watch over and protect them” (DH 49).

30. 30 JB had traveled to Williamsburg to visit Mahlon William Locke, a doctor famous for his foot-manipulation techniques.

31. 31 JB is writing on a postcard of the Mount Royal Cross in Montreal.

32. 32 John Crowe Ransom (1888–1974), literary critic and poet.

33. 33 Blackmur, “From Jordan’s Delight,” The Southern Review 2.4 (Spring 1937).

34. 34 Blackmur, “Judas Priest,” Poetry 48 (May 1936).

35. 35 Blackmur, “The Later Poetry of W.B. Yeats,” The Southern Review 2.2 (Autumn 1936).

36. 36 Blackmur, The Double Agent (1935).

37. 37 H. Phelps Putnam (1894–1948), poet whose books included Trinc (1927) and The Five Seasons (1931).

38. 38 A number of poems by Van Doren appeared in The Southern Review 1.3 (Winter 1936).

39. 39 John Brooks Wheelwright, Rock and Shell: Poems 1923–1933 (1933), which included “Would You Think.”

40. 40 Blackmur reviewed Frost’s A Further Range (1936) in The Nation (24 June 1936).

41. 41 Donne, “The Relique.”

42. 42 At the top of the page that begins here, JB adds the following note: “Will type the next and promise brevity—(forgive the length of this—I wander unusually).”

43. 43 Helen Dickson Blackmur (1905?–1976), a painter.

44. 44 Randall Jarrell’s “Seven Poems” won the Southern Review contest in 1936.

45. 45 Pierre Donga was the pen name of Pierre Duffourc (1908–1976), mentioned in “First Night at Sea” in Love & Fame; CP 190.

46. 46 George Rylands (1902–1999), Fellow of King’s College, Cambridge, author of Words and Poetry (1928).

47. 47 Alfred Lord Tennyson, In Memoriam; Wallace Stevens, “The Emperor of Ice-Cream”; John Crowe Ransom, “Painted Head”; William Shakespeare, “The Phoenix and the Turtle.”

48. 48 Ramon Fernandez, “De la critique philosophique,” trans. Montgomery Belgion as “Of the Philosophic Criticism of Literature,” The Dial 82 (March 1927).

49. 49 JB may be referring to John Sparrow’s remarks on Pound’s Hugh Selwyn Mauberley in Sense and Poetry: Essays on the Place of Meaning in Contemporary Verse (1934). Eda Lou Walton (1894–1961), a poet and professor at New York University, was one of the judges of the 1936 Boar’s Head Competition that JB won.

50. 50 E. M. W. Tillyard (1889–1962), Fellow of Jesus College, Cambridge.

51. 51 Tate, Reactionary Essays: On Poetry and Ideas (1936); Van Doren, The Poetry of John Dryden (1920).

52. 52 JB probably refers to Tate’s unpublished play The Governess, an adaptation of Henry James’s The Turn of the Screw.

53. 53 JB is referring here to an unfinished three-act tragedy called The Architect.

54. 54 Gordon Fraser (1911–1981), publisher and editor. JB writes of “sparkling Gordon Fraser’s in Portugal Place” along with other bookshops in “The Other Cambridge” in Love & Fame, and also mentions Fraser and his wife Katharine in “Transit” (CP 192–193; 197). “Pedro” is Pierre Donga.

55. 55 Avery Hopwood (1882–1928), playwright whose estate funded awards for creative writing at the University of Michigan.

56. 56 Jean Bennett (1918–2005), then in her first year at Hunter College; JB and Bennett had become engaged at Columbia. Bennett is mentioned in “Olympus” in Love & Fame, CP 179–180.

57. 57 Maurice Forman, ed., The Letters of John Keats (1935).

58. 58 Harry Baur (1880–1943), French actor.

59. 59 The Collected Poems of W. B. Yeats (Macmillan, 1935). In “Friendless” in Love & Fame, JB writes: “The Dilettante Society here in Clare / asked me to lecture to them on Yeats / & misspelt his name on the invitations” (CP 194).

60. 60 “To a Friend,” an unpublished verse letter, is held at UMN.

61. 61 Garnette Snedeker, a Barnard College undergraduate.

62. 62 Ransom, “Captain Carpenter” (1924).

63. 63 J. B. Priestley (1894–1984), English writer.

64. 64 Sally Pierce, a student and actress at the University of Michigan.

65. 65 John Donne, Elegie XVI, “On his Mistris.”

66. 66 Frank Capra, dir., Mr. Deeds Goes to Town (1936).

67. 67 Izaak Walton, The Life of Dr. John Donne (1640).

68. 68 Henry Vaughan’s “The Retreat” appears in Van Doren, An Anthology of World Poetry (1928) and in Arthur Quiller-Couch, The Oxford Book of English Verse, 1250–1900 (1900). The Muses’ Library edition is Poems of Henry Vaughan, Silurist (1896); H. J. C. Grierson and G. Bullough, Oxford Book of Seventeenth-Century Verse (1934); Grierson, Metaphysical Lyrics and Poems of the Seventeenth Century, Donne to Butler (1921).

69. 69 D. J. Sloss and J. A. R. Wallis, eds., The Prophetic Writings of William Blake (1926); Grierson, ed., The Poems of John Donne (1929); Montague Summers, ed., The Complete Works of Thomas Otway (1926); Leonard Cyril Martin, ed., The Works of Henry Vaughan (1914). It is not clear which “German Montaigne” JB has in mind.

70. 70 William Congreve, ed., The Dramatick Works of John Dryden (1735)

71. 71 Gladys I. Wade, ed., The Poetical Works of Thomas Traherne (1932).

72. 72 Frederick Reynolds, The Dramatist (1789).

73. 73 JB may be referring to William Telfer (1886–1968), a Fellow of Clare College.

74. 74 “The Ritual of W. B. Yeats,” Columbia Review 17.4–5 (May–June 1936), FP 245–252.

75. 75 Several 1936 productions: As You Like It, directed for film by Paul Czinner, and for the stage by Esme Church; Molière’s L’école des femmes, dir. Louis Jouvet; Rowley, Dekker, and Ford’s The Witch of Edmonton, dir. Michel Saint-Denis; Hamlet, dir. Laurence Olivier. Sergei Eisenstein’s short film Thunder over Mexico appeared in 1934. G. Wilson Knight (1897–1985), I. A. Richards (1893–1979), and F. R. Leavis (1895–1978), English literary critics.

76. 76 The Works of Jonathan Swift (London: Henry G. Bohn, 1856).

77. 77 George Kimball Plochmann (1914–2014), who graduated from Columbia in 1936, was then doing graduate work at Chicago. The poet Elder Olson (1909–1992) received his PhD from the University of Chicago in 1938.

78. 78 Dylan Thomas (1914–1953), Welsh poet.

79. 79 JB mentions Patrick Barton in “Letter to His Brother” in The Dispossessed, CP 19.

80. 80 “Night and the City,” The Southern Review 4.1 (Summer 1938), CP 273–274.

81. 81 “Song from Cleopatra,” The Southern Review 5.4 (Spring 1940); CP 267. The text of Cleopatra: A Meditation is given in Richard J. Kelly and Alan K. Lathrop, eds., Recovering Berryman: Essays on a Poet (1993).

82. 82 Thomas North’s translation of Plutarch’s “The Life of Julius Caesar” (1579) and Alexander Pope’s “Epistle to Bathurst” (1733).

83. 83 “The Translation” (as “Toward Myth”) was published in New Directions in Prose and Poetry (1938), along with “The Return” and “Caravan.” “Meditation” appeared in Five Young American Poets (1940): CP 269–271.

84. 84 “Night and the City,” “Note for a Historian,” “The Apparition,” and “Toward Statement,” The Southern Review 4.1 (Summer 1938).

85. 85 MS and TS signatures are retained here.

86. 86 Stringfellow Barr (1897–1982), along with Buchanan, established the Great Books program at St. John’s College, Annapolis.

87. 87 While Laughlin did not end up publishing O’Donnell’s book as an independent volume, “Death’s Photography” appeared in Laughlin’s Five Young American Poets (1940), as did “Song: To Exiled Art” and twenty-three other poems by O’Donnell.

88. 88 O’Donnell’s “Return,” The Southern Review 1.4 (Spring 1936), and John Peale Bishop’s “The Return,” published in Now with His Love: Poems (1933). JB’s “The Return” appeared in The Dispossessed as “The Possessed”; CP 16–17.

89. 89 O’Donnell, “The Wings of Plaster Angels,” Virginia Quarterly 14.1 (Winter 1938).

90. 90 “Survivor” was enclosed in a letter to Martha Berryman (1 September 1938), and appears in DH 133–134.

91. 91 Archibald MacLeish (1892–1982), poet. Selden Rodman, A New Anthology of Modern Poetry (1938). Earle H. Balch (c. 1894–1977), vice president of Putnam’s; Richard H. Thornton (1889–1977), president of Henry Holt.

92. 92 Allen Tate, The Fathers (1938).

93. 93 The Kenyon Review was founded by Ransom in 1939.

94. 94 Novelist Caroline Gordon (1895–1981). Gordon and Tate were married at this time.

95. 95 Dorothy Graffe Van Doren (1896–1993), writer and editor.

96. 96 “Ceremony and Vision” was first printed in New Directions in Prose and Poetry (1939), CP 276–277.

97. 97 “Letter to His Brother,” The Kenyon Review 1.3 (Summer 1939); CP 19.

98. 98 The River House apartment buildings at 435 East 52nd Street, New York.

99. 99 See “Sanctuary,” CP 272, and “On the London Train,” CP 15.

100. 100 Frederic Prokosch (1906–1989), novelist and poet.

101. 101 In August 1938, Campbell published a poem (“Meditation on Ancestry”) in The New Masses, but there is no record of Campbell or JB having published anything requiring “an abstract” in this magazine.

102. 102 Henry King (1592–1669), English poet.

103. 103 A poem about Shelley appears in a 10 August 1938 letter from Bishop to Tate; see The Republic of Letters in America: The Correspondence of John Peale Bishop and Allen Tate, eds. Thomas Daniel Young and John J. Hindle (University Press of Kentucky, 2015).

104. 104 Kenneth Patchen (1911–1972), poet.

105. 105 Prokosch, The Asiatics (1935), The Assassins (1936), and The Seven Who Fled (1937).

106. 106 Katherine Anne Porter (1890–1980), writer.

107. 107 Florence Hardy, The Early Years of Thomas Hardy (1928).

108. 108 For JB’s review of The Collected Poems of Laura Riding (1938), see “A Philosophical Poet,” New York Herald Tribune Books (11 December 1938).

109. 109 Donald Davidson, Lee in the Mountains, and Other Poems (1938), which revised poems from The Tall Men (1927).

110. 110 British writer Julian Symons (1912–1994), founder and editor of Twentieth Century Verse.

111. 111 Symons quoted from an O’Donnell letter in “How Wide Is the Atlantic? or Do You Believe in America?,” the preface to Twentieth Century Verse 12–13 (September–October 1938).

112. 112 “The Trial,” Twentieth Century Verse 12–13.

113. 113 Robert Morley played the title role in Leslie and Sewell Stokes’s Oscar Wilde, which premiered in 1936. John Gielgud played the role of Joseph Surface in a 1937 production of Richard Sheridan’s The School for Scandal.

114. 114 “Answers to an Enquiry,” Twentieth Century Verse 12–13.

115. 115 Kenneth Allott, “Two Americans,” a review of Ransom’s The World’s Body (1938) and Frederic Prokosch’s The Carnival (1938), in Twentieth Century Verse 11 (July 1938), 73.

116. 116 Prokosch had told Symons that he would “prefer to be omitted myself in case there are more than 12 or (or at the very outside 15—) poets included”; see Robert Greenfield, Dreamer’s Journey: The Life and Writings of Frederic Prokosch (University of Delaware Press, 2010), 190.

117. 117 Anne Bradby Ridler (1912–2001), poet and editor; she was then working at The Criterion, which ceased publication in January 1939.

118. 118 Blackmur, “Nine Poets,” an omnibus review in Partisan Review 6.2 (Winter 1939).

119. 119 Possibly The Chameleon, a short-lived Oxford University serial.

120. 120 Harvard Advocate 125.3 (December 1938).

121. 121 Blackmur, “The Later Poetry of W. B. Yeats,” Southern Review 2.2 (Autumn 1936); Brooks, “The Vision of W. B. Yeats,” Southern Review 4 (Summer 1938).

122. 122 Theodore Spencer (1902–1949), poet and lecturer at Cambridge. Wilson, Axel’s Castle: A Study in the Imaginative Literature of 1870–1930 (1931).

123. 123 Gordon, Green Centuries (1941).

124. 124 Bridenbaugh, Cities in the Wilderness: The First Century of Urban Life in America, 1625–1742 (1938).

125. 125 Tate had been teaching at the Olivet Writers’ Conference since 1935.

126. 126 Gordon and Tate’s daughter, Nancy Tate (1925–2007).

127. 127 Edward Upward (1903–2009), British fiction writer; his stories published around that time include “The Border-Line,” “The Tipster,” and “The Island.”

128. 128 Richard Eberhart had been teaching at St. Mark’s preparatory school, which Auden visited in May 1939.

129. 129 Warren, Night Rider (1939).

130. 130 Francis Parkman (1898–1990), headmaster at St. Mark’s School.

131. 131 Kurt London (1900–1985), whose Film Music (1936) and The Seven Soviet Arts (1937) were published by Faber and Faber.

132. 132 The unpublished “Ritual at Arlington.”

133. 133 Schwartz, “Parlez-Vous Français,” in In Dreams Begin Responsibilities (1938).

134. 134 Tate had been trying, unsuccessfully, to begin a poetry series with the University of North Carolina Press.

135. 135 Yeats, “A Prayer for My Daughter” (1921).

136. 136 For the contexts of “definitive” and “mist,” see “Prayer Against the Furies” and “Talk of Friends,” eventually published in Five Young American Poets (1940).

137. 137 The “new poem” is O’Donnell’s “Tryst at Dawn,” in Five Young American Poets.

138. 138 O’Donnell, “Talk in a Storm,” Five Young American Poets.

139. 139 Schwartz, In Dreams Begin Responsibilities (1938).

140. 140 Bennett Cerf (1898–1971), founder of Random House.

141. 141 Rae Beamish was the editor of American Signatures: A Collection of Modern Letters (1941). She corresponded with O’Donnell in the late 1930s and early 1940s.

142. 142 See Carl Sandburg’s Abraham Lincoln: The Prairie Years (1929).

143. 143 JB may refer to the unpublished “Timothy in Ruins.”

144. 144 “Winter Landscape,” eventually published in The New Republic (8 July 1940); “The Disciple,” The Nation (30 December 1939). CP 3; CP 5–6.

145. 145 “Christmas ’38,” “Small Ode After Small Beer,” “Hizzoner,” “Crusoe’s Plovers,” “Day for a Partisan, a Lover,” and “The Task” were published posthumously in Campbell’s The Task (1945).

146. 146 O’Donnell, “Return,” included in Five Young American Poets (1940).

147. 147 O’Donnell, “Song: To Exiled Art,” The Nation (10 February 1940).

148. 148 O’Donnell, “Tragedy and Christopher Marlowe,” MA thesis, Vanderbilt University (1939).

149. 149 O’Donnell, “Faulkner’s Mythology,” Kenyon Review 1.3 (Summer 1939).

150. 150 Stevens, “On an Old Horn,” The Nation (30 September 1939).

151. 151 Bishop retitled the poem as “That Summer’s End”; it was published, along with “The Statue of Shadow,” in The Nation (30 September 1939).

152. 152 Samuel Johnson, “Life of Milton.”

153. 153 “The Statue of Shadow” had appeared in Twentieth Century Verse 12–13 (September-October 1938).

154. 154 Bishop, Now With His Love (1933).

155. 155 O’Donnell may have recommended the poets Harry Brown (1917–1986), James Kern Feibleman (1904–1987), and Edward Hudiburg (dates unknown).

156. 156 Moses’s “Angina Pectoris” appeared as part of “Autumn Miscellany: Seven Poems,” The Nation (30 September 1939); the other poems were from Stevens, Auden, and John Peale Bishop.

157. 157 Bishop, “The Yankee Trader,” Partisan Review 7 (March-April 1940).

158. 158 Wordsworth, Preface to Lyrical Ballads (1802).

159. 159 Kafka, “Der Bau,” trans. Willa and Edwin Muir as “The Burrow,” in The Great Wall of China (1933).

160. 160 Clarence B. Hilberry (1902–1966), professor of English at Wayne University (in 1959, renamed Wayne State University).

161. 161 JB is likely referring to one of the sonnets Auden later published in Journey to a War (1939).

162. 162 Auden, “September 1, 1939,” The New Republic (18 October 1939).

163. 163 Rilke, “Das Lied des Idioten” (1906).

164. 164 Herbert E. Hawkes (1872–1943), dean of Columbia College.

165. 165 Florence Codman (1902–1992), publisher of Arrow Editions.

166. 166 The five poems JB lists appeared in The Southern Review 5.4 (Spring 1940). See CP 20, 22; “Homage to Film” is printed in DH 56; CP 267, 269–271.

167. 167 Albert Erskine (1911–1993), an editor at The Southern Review.

168. 168 For “Hunter’s Morning,” “Epithalamion,” and “Fire,” see Five Young American Poets (1940).

169. 169 New Directions published Patchen’s First Will and Testament (1939).

170. 170 The Southern Review 6.1 (Summer 1940).

171. 171 The fascist Charles Edward Coughlin (1891–1979) appears in “Resurrection,” collected in The Task.

172. 172 “The Statue” and “On the London Train,” Partisan Review 6 (Summer 1939), CP 4–5 and 14–15.

173. 173 Van Doren, Windless Cabins (1940).

174. 174 Van Doren, The Transients (1935).

175. 175 Morton Dauwen Zabel (1902–1964), literary critic and editor; JB may refer to Zabel’s “Two Years of Poetry: 1937–1939,” The Southern Review 5.3 (Winter 1939).

176. 176 Doughty and JB had corresponded about an unsuccessful submission to The Nation.

177. 177 For Five Young American Poets (1940).

178. 178 Laughlin, “When Does the Play Begin?,” The Nation (10 February 1940).

179. 179 Swan, “My Country,” The Nation (10 February 1940).

180. 180 MacNeice, “Novelette,” The Nation (2 November 1940).

181. 181 Hayes, “Faust Before the Mirror,” The Nation (11 January 1941).

182. 182 Tate, “Ode to Fear: Variation on a Theme by Collins,” The New Republic (17 February 1932).

183. 183 Horrell, “What Gulliver Knew,” The Sewanee Review 51.4 (October–December 1943).

184. 184 Possibly Horrell’s “The Graduate Approach,” The Southern Review 6.2 (Autumn 1940).

185. 185 O’Donnell, “Semmes in the Garden,” The New Yorker (16 September 1939).

186. 186 Tate, “The Trout Map,” The Kenyon Review 1.4 (Autumn 1939).

187. 187 Blackmur, “Rats, Lice, and History,” The Nation (10 May 1941).

188. 188 James, The Novels and Tales of Henry James: New York Edition (1907–1909).

189. 189 John Malcolm Brinnin (1916–1998) won the Hopwood Award in Poetry that year.

190. 190 Schwartz, then Briggs-Copeland Instructor at Harvard, was awarded a Guggenheim in April 1940.

191. 191 “At Chinese Checkers,” Kenyon Review 3.2 (Spring 1941); CP 25–30.

192. 192 Schwartz, “America! America!” The Partisan Review 7 (March 1940).

193. 193 Schwartz, Genesis: Book One (1943).

194. 194 Schwartz, “Coriolanus and His Mother: The Dream of One Performance,” mentioned in Conrad Aiken, “Back to Poetry,” Atlantic Monthly 166 (August 1940).

195. 195 “A Point of Age” in Poems (1942); CP 7–10.

196. 196 Lola Pergament (1913–2006), poet and playwright.

197. 197 Theodore Morrison, ed., Five Kinds of Writing: Selections from British and American Authors, Old and New (1939).

198. 198 On 23 May 1940, after JB had failed to receive an appointment at Columbia, Van Doren had recommended that he “keep most of [his] states a secret from such men as Steeves. They diagnose hysteria. Which doesn’t help with any jobs.” George Hendrick, ed., Selected Letters of Mark Van Doren (Louisiana State University Press, 1987), 141.

199. 199 Van Doren had told JB that Giroux “wants you to discuss a volume. But you won’t answer his letters.” Ibid., 141.

200. 200 Robert Bendiner (1909–2009), managing editor of The Nation.

201. 201 Thomas, The World I Breathe (1939), which JB reviewed as “The Loud Hill of Wales,” The Kenyon Review 2.4 (Autumn 1940); FP 282–285.

202. 202 Symons, “Obscurity and Dylan Thomas,” The Kenyon Review 2.1 (Winter 1940).

203. 203 Untermeyer, “New Meanings in Recent American Poetry,” Virginia Quarterly 16.3 (Summer 1940).

204. 204 “Bertrand Russell Drops His Attitude as Pacifist,” New York Times (June 8, 1940).

205. 205 Eve Merriam (1916–1992), poet and teacher; her work was eventually published in Five Young American Poets (1944).

206. 206 Campbell had undergone an operation for cancer in March 1940.

207. 207 The 8 July 1940 issue of The New Republic published “Winter Landscape” and Auden’s “Poet in Wartime,” a review of Rilke’s Wartime Letters, 1914–1921.

208. 208 Mary Jane Christenson was a student of Campbell’s and became involved with JB during the winter of 1939–1940. See Halliday, John Berryman and the Thirties: A Memoir (University of Massachusetts Press, 1987), 185.

209. 209 In addition to James’s novel and Eliot’s essays, Henry Adams’s Mont-Saint-Michel and Chartres (1904).

210. 210 Eugene Shafarman was JB’s and Bhain Campbell’s doctor.

211. 211 Virginio Gayda, “L’ultimo conto,” Il Giornale d’Italia (15 July 1940), regarding the Battle of Britain.

212. 212 Furioso was a little magazine that ran from 1939 to 1953.

213. 213 Likely John Emil Hett, a controversial physician in Ontario.

214. 214 Campbell, “Of the People and Their Parks,” included in The Task.

215. 215 Van Doren, The Mayfield Deer (1941).

216. 216 Williams’s New Poems 1940: An Anthology of British and American Verse (1941) included “The Spinning Heart,” “The Moon and the Night and the Men,” “Conversation,” and “Desires of Men and Women”; the latter two were also printed in Living Age 359 (October 1940), as JB mentions, and “The Spinning Heart” first appeared in Accent 1 (Winter 1940). CP 13–14, 36–37, 22, 20.

217. 217 Mary Jane Christenson.

218. 218 Campbell died on 3 December 1940.

219. 219 Howard Wilson Baker (1905–1990), poet.

220. 220 W. R. Paton, trans., The Greek Anthology, Volume IV (1918).

221. 221 Charles David Abbott (1900–1961), director of libraries (and founder of the Poetry Collection) at the University of Buffalo.

222. 222 Mulligan and Jean Bennett were friends from Hunter College; “the book” was Five Young American Poets.

223. 223 Both JB and Eileen Mulligan use “Broom” as a salutation.

224. 224 Roosevelt’s “fireside chat” of 11 September 1941.

225. 225 Eileen Mulligan’s sister Marie, married to James Mabry.

226. 226 Haggin, Music on Records (1938).

227. 227 Donald Francis Tovey, Essays in Musical Analysis (1935–1939).

228. 228 Haggin, A Book of the Symphony (1937).

229. 229 Poems (1942); for the dedicatory poem, see CP 278.

230. 230 The Léner String Quartet’s recording of Beethoven’s quartet 16, opus 135.

231. 231 The Glyndebourne Festival Opera’s recording of The Marriage of Figaro (1934–1935).

232. 232 Lorenzo Da Ponte (1749–1838), Italian librettist.

233. 233 Possibly Albert Erskine, an editor with New Directions until late in 1941.

234. 234 A small printing house run by Edmund Thompson in Windham, Connecticut.

235. 235 New Directions had published Howard Wilson Baker, Letter from the Country (1941), and F. T. Prince, Poems (1938).

236. 236 Laughlin, “What the Pencil Writes,” in New Directions in Prose and Poetry (1941).

237. 237 Robert Jefferson Berryman and Barbara Suter married in 1940.

238. 238 JB’s notes on his carbon.

239. 239 Edith Sitwell’s Façade was set to music by William Walton.

240. 240 The “Report of Court Proceedings in the Case of the Anti-Soviet Block of Rights and Trotskyites,” a translation of the March 1938 trial of Nikolai Bukharin and twenty other defendants.

241. 241 Keidrych Rhys, The Van Pool & Other Poems (1942); Alan Rook, Soldiers, This Solitude (1942); Sidney Keyes, The Iron Laurel (1942); John Heath-Stubbs, Wounded Thammuz (1942).

242. 242 James Boswell, The Life of Samuel Johnson (Harper & Brothers, 1799), 535.

243. 243 Horace Gregory (1898–1982), poet and literary critic.

244. 244 Joseph Hone, W. B. Yeats, 1865–1939 (1942).

245. 245 “The White Feather,” The Nation (16 May 1942); CP 37.

246. 246 “Boston Common,” CP 41–46.

247. 247 Donne, Elegie XVI, “On His Mistris.”

248. 248 Warlock’s The Curlew, settings of poems by Yeats (c. 1920–1922).

249. 249 Boydell’s setting of Yeats’s “Red Hanrahan’s Song about Ireland” was published as one of “Four Yeats Poems” (1966); Boydell composed music for a number of pieces by James Joyce; JB’s “Cradle Song” was set by Boydell in the 1930s, and the text later published in John Haffenden, The Life of John Berryman (ARK, 1983), 88.

250. 250 Although this letter is typed (suggesting that Halliday typed out a copy), it appears to be signed by JB.

251. 251 Halliday and Harriet Renaud married in 1942.

252. 252 Campbell’s “A Letter from the Airport” was dedicated to JB in The Task.

253. 253 Campbell, “A Letter from the Fire Tower” and “The People Sing Their Name,” in The Task.

254. 254 Van Doren’s Our Lady Peace and Other War Poems was published by New Directions in 1942.

255. 255 Van Doren, “Our Lady Peace,” The Nation (6 December 1941).

256. 256 Van Doren, “America’s Mythology,” a new section in Collected Poems 1922–1938 (1939).

257. 257 Van Doren, The Last Look, and Other Poems (1937).

258. 258 JB has enclosed “The Animal Trainer (1)” and “The Animal Trainer (2)”; CP 30–31.

259. 259 JB is likely referring to Van Doren’s Shakespeare (1939).

260. 260 “The Ball Poem” and “For His Marriage,” privately printed as “Two Poems” (December 1942).

261. 261 New Poems 1943 (1943) included “Boston Common,” “The Statue,” and “The Disciple.”

262. 262 In an uncollected letter of 16 March, JB asked Williams to consider printing Campbell’s “Of the People and Their Parks.”

263. 263 Pick, Gerard Manley Hopkins: Priest and Poet (1942). JB’s published review has not been located.

264. 264 G. F. Lahey, Gerard Manley Hopkins (1930).

265. 265 Henry James, The Wings of the Dove. “R” is “Rusty,” Eileen Mulligan.

266. 266 Clara Murphy Tead (c. 1891–1980), president of Briarcliff College.

267. 267 Abraham Flexner (1866–1959), author of The American College: A Criticism (1908) and of Universities: American, English, German (1930).

268. 268 Publications of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.

269. 269 Robert Hillyer (1895–1961), poet and professor of English at Harvard.

270. 270 Schwartz’s review has not been located.

271. 271 Van Doren, Liberal Education (Henry Holt, 1943), 33.

272. 272 Robert Maynard Hutchins (1899–1977), president of the University of Chicago; by this year, author of The Higher Learning in America (1936) and Education for Freedom (1943).

273. 273 Harold Willis Dodds (1889–1980), president of Princeton.

274. 274 Christian Gauss (1878–1951), professor of literature at Princeton; Robert Kilburn Root (1877–1950), a dean at Princeton until 1946.

275. 275 Louis Aragon, Le Crève-Cœur (1941).

276. 276 Blackmur, Schwartz, and Van Doren read together at the YMHA in New York in March 1944.

277. 277 Van Doren, “Ballad of Little Leaves,” “Aetat 5,” and “Winter Tryst.”

278. 278 Van Doren, The Seven Sleepers and Other Poems (1944).

279. 279 Van Doren, “The Diarist,” “Down World,” and “Northern Philosopher,” in The Seven Sleepers.

280. 280 Philip Weltner (1887–1981), president of Oglethorpe University.

281. 281 Hardy, “Let Me Enjoy,” from “A Set of Country Songs.”

282. 282 Volumes translated by Walter Lowrie in the late 1930s and early 1940s.

283. 283 Arnold Toynbee (1889–1975), British historian.

284. 284 Lowrie, Kierkegaard (1938).

285. 285 Ronald Brunlees McKerrow (1872–1940), Shakespeare scholar.

286. 286 W. W. Greg (1875–1959), Shakespeare scholar. Greg, Ronald Brunlees McKerrow, 1872–1940 (1940).

287. 287 Greg, The Variants in the First Quarto of King Lear (1940) and The Editorial Problem in Shakespeare (1942); McKerrow, Prolegomena for the Oxford Shakespeare (1939).

288. 288 Greg’s The Editorial Problem in Shakespeare was reviewed by Paul Maas in The Review of English Studies 20.77 (April 1944).

289. 289 E. K. Chambers (1866–1954), author of The Elizabethan Stage (1923) and of Shakespeare: A Survey (1925).

290. 290 Kierkegaard, The Concept of Dread and The Works of Love, translated by Walter Lowrie.

291. 291 Karl Vossler, Mediaeval Culture: An Introduction to Dante and His Times, trans. William Cranston Lawton (1929).

292. 292 Van Doren had worked on both Bartram and Thoreau; see Henry David Thoreau: A Critical Study (1916) and Van Doren’s edition of The Travels of William Bartram (1928). Charles Montagu Doughty, Travels in Arabia Deserta (1888).

293. 293 Williams’s anthology War Poets (1945) included “The Moon and the Night and the Men” and “Conversation.”

294. 294 “Rock-Study with Wanderer,” The Kenyon Review 10.2 (Spring 1948); CP 56–58.

295. 295 The anthology opens with “Comments by the Poets,” on the relation between war and poetry.

296. 296 “A handsome young airman lay dying,” which JB first encountered in W. H. Auden, ed., The Oxford Book of Light Verse (1938).

297. 297 Wilfred Owen (1893–1918), British poet.

298. 298 Louis Aragon, “Les Lilas et les Roses,” and “Zone Libre,” in Le Crève-Cœur; Moore, “In Distrust of Merits,” in Nevertheless (1944).

299. 299 Henry Treece (1911–1966), British writer and editor; two of his poems had appeared in Oscar Williams’s New Poems 1944 (1944).

300. 300 “The Lovers,” The Kenyon Review 7.1 (Winter 1945), reprinted in New Directions 9 (1946).

301. 301 Edward Hubler, “The Verse Lining of the First Quarto of King Lear,” in Essays in Dramatic Literature, ed. Hardin Craig (1935). For Greg’s response, see “King Lear-Mislineation and Stenography,” The Library 7 (September 1936).

302. 302 Matthias Adam Shaaber and Matthew Wilson Black, Shakespeare’s Seventeenth-Century Editors: 1632–1685 (1937); Shaaber edited Henry IV, Part 2 (1940). Edmond Malone (1741–1812), scholar and editor.

303. 303 JB refers to Joseph Quincy Adams, Jr. (1880–1946), Samuel Aaron Tannenbaum (1874–1948), Hyder Edward Rollins (1889–1958), Oscar James Campbell (1879–1970), and Thomas Marc Parrott (1866–1960).

304. 304 Van Doren’s sons, Charles and John, and his brother, Carl Van Doren.

305. 305 Gervase Stewart (1920–1941); three of his poems appeared in Williams’s The War Poets (1945).

306. 306 Ralph Nixon Currey (1907–2001), South African / English poet, author of Tiresias (1940) and This Other Planet (1945).

307. 307 Walter Benton (1904–1976) and Patricia Ledward (b. 1920), poets who served in World War II.

308. 308 Williams, That’s All That Matters (1945).

309. 309 The fairy tale “The Fisherman and His Wife,” mentioned in Williams’s “The Catch.”

310. 310 Henry Treece and Stefan Schimanski edited the review Transformation; for the fourth issue (1947), Williams edited a feature on contemporary American poetry, which included JB’s “The Statue.”

311. 311 Geoffrey Grigson, The Mint: A Miscellany of Literature, Art and Criticism (1946); T. E. Lawrence’s The Mint was published in a very limited edition in 1936, under a pseudonym.

312. 312 Dorothy Van Doren had been working as an editor for the US Office of War Information.

313. 313 In “Authors as Salesmen,” The Times Literary Supplement (21 July 1945), Henriques reported on the “Books and Authors” Committee of the United States Treasury, which was chaired by Mark Van Doren.

314. 314 “The Imaginary Jew,” The Kenyon Review (Autumn 1945), had won the Kenyon-Doubleday Award.

315. 315 “I See In the Paper That You’re Engaged” and “The Visitor,” in Laughlin’s Some Natural Things (1945).

316. 316 Laughlin, “That Big Lie” and “Upstate New York.”

317. 317 Laughlin, “A Letter to Hitler,” “When Does the Play Begin?,” and “What the Pencil Writes.”

318. 318 “Young Woman’s Song,” one of “Three Songs” in Partisan Review 13.3 (Summer 1946), CP 49.

319. 319 “Canto Amor,” The Sewanee Review 55.1 (January-March 1947).

320. 320 The authorization is likely for A Little Treasury of Modern Poetry, English and American (1946), which included “The Statue,” “Conversation, “Desires of Men and Women,” and “The Spinning Heart,” along with Blackmur’s “Mirage” and a number of poems by Housman, though none by MacDiarmid. “Winter Landscape” was included in Williams’s A Little Treasury of Modern Poetry: English and American (1947).

321. 321 John Kerker Quinn (1911–1969), professor of English at the University of Illinois and founder of Accent, which he edited from 1940 to 1960.

322. 322 Gene Derwood (1909–1954), poet and painter.

323. 323 John Willis, The Art of Stenographie (1602).

324. 324 Nicholas Felton, mentioned in Edmond Willis, An Abbreviation of Writing by Character (1618).

325. 325 Timothy Bright, Characterie: an Arte of Short, Swifte, and Secrete Writing (1588); Peter Bales, The Art of Brachygraphie (1590).

326. 326 Leo Kirschbaum, The True Text of King Lear (1945). JB then quotes from King Lear, 4.3.28.

327. 327 JB likely refers to Raymond Houk, “The Evolution of The Taming of the Shrew,” PMLA 57.4 (December 1942), and Duthie, “The Taming of a Shrew and The Taming of the Shrew,” The Review of English Studies 19.76 (October 1943).

328. 328 Edith Sitwell, “Nero is an Angler,” and Louis Rousel, “Shakespeare’s Greek,” Times Literary Supplement (2 February 1946). A slightly condensed version of JB’s letter appeared in the TLS on 30 March 1946.

329. 329 F. E. Budd, “Shakespeare, Chaucer, and Harsnett,” The Review of English Studies 11 (October 1935).

330. 330 Samuel Harsnett, A Declaration of Egregious Popish Impostures (1603).

331. 331 The Plays of William Shakespeare, with Notes by Johnson and Steevens, vol. 13 (1809), 137.

332. 332 Karl Wilhelm Dindorf (1802–1883), German classical scholar and editor.

333. 333 H. R. D. Anders, Shakespeare’s Books (1904), 40.

334. 334 T. W. Baldwin, William Shakspere’s Small Latine and Lesse Greek (1944), 661.

335. 335 Edward Capell, Notes and Various Readings (1781).

336. 336 Richard Porson (1759–1808), classical scholar.

337. 337 Tate was the editor of The Sewanee Review from 1944 to 1946.

338. 338 “The Imaginary Jew” appeared in O. Henry Prize Stories of 1946, ed. Herschel Brickell (1946). “The Lovers” appeared in The Best American Short Stories of 1946, ed. Martha Foley; she had taken over the annual collection from Edward O’Brien.

339. 339 From this point on, JB writes by hand.

340. 340 Schwartz, “A Bitter Farce,” The Kenyon Review 8.2 (Spring 1946).

341. 341 Alfred Hart (1870–1950), author of Stolne and Surreptitious Copies: A Comparative Study of Shakespeare’s Bad Quartos (1942).

342. 342 The scholars mentioned include Joseph Quincy Adams, Jr. and Madeleine Doran (1905–1996).

343. 343 Alice Walker (1900–1982), literary scholar editing an original-spelling edition of Shakespeare for Oxford.

344. 344 Robert Van Gelder, editor of The New York Times Book Review.

345. 345 Greg, “The Staging of King Lear,” The Review of English Studies 16.63 (1946).

346. 346 JB attaches “Statue,” “Winter Landscape,” “Disciple,” “The Animal Trainer,” “The Moon and the Night and the Men,” “A Point of Age,” “Young Woman’s Song,” “The Song of the Demented Priest,” “Whether There is Sorrow in the Demons,” and “Canto Amor.”

347. 347 At the top of this letter, JB has written “Not sent.”

348. 348 “A Scholarly History,” JB’s review of Herbert Grierson and J. C. Smith’s A Critical History of English Poetry (1944), appeared in The Nation on 21 December 1946, as did an Agora advertisement.

349. 349 Arthur Golding’s 1567 translation of Ovid’s Metamorphoses.

350. 350 John Davidson, “Thirty Bob a Week” (1894); Ben Jonson, Timber, or Discoveries Made Upon Men and Matter (1641).

351. 351 A. K. Foxwell, ed., The Poems of Sir Thomas Wiat (1913). JB has enclosed transcriptions of Wyatt’s poems beginning with the lines “My Lute awake!,” “They fle from me,” “Who so list to hount,” “Tagus, fare well,” “Madame withouten many words,” “Luckes my faire falcon,” and “Ys yt possyble.”

352. 352 Wyatt, “Luckes my faire falcon” and “They fle from me.”

353. 353 Canto LXXVI, The Sewanee Review (January-March 1947).

354. 354 Sigismondo Malatesta (1417–1468), Italian nobleman.

355. 355 Pound was being held at St. Elizabeths Hospital, in Washington, DC.

356. 356 John E. Palmer (1913–2009), editor of The Sewanee Review from 1946 to 1952.

357. 357 Wyndham Lewis’s remark that “The attempt at objectivity has failed” appears in Blasting and Bombardiering (1937).

358. 358 John Penrose Angold (1909–1943), British poet who corresponded with Pound in the 1930s.

359. 359 JB switches to pencil here.

360. 360 Ford Madox Ford, Great Trade Route (1937).

361. 361 Otto Fenichel’s books included The Outline of Clinical Psychoanalysis (1934) and The Psychoanalytic Theory of Neurosis (1945).

362. 362 John Berry (b. 1915), poet and novelist.

363. 363 Kierkegaard, preface to The Sickness Unto Death (1849).

364. 364 Oswald Spengler (1880–1936), German historian and philosopher.

365. 365 Malcolm Lowry, Under the Volcano (1947); Stephen Spender wrote an introduction for the 1965 edition.

366. 366 Henry Luce (1898–1967), publisher of Time, Life, and several other major American magazines.

367. 367 Eliot, “The Idea of a Literary Review,” The New Criterion 4.1 (January 1926), 2.

368. 368 H. F. Carlill, “The Call to a New Britain,” Times Literary Supplement (8 March 1947); Stein, “Ritual and Reality,” The American Scholar 16 (Summer 1947); Georges Duhamel, “Vues sur Rimbaud,” Mercure de France 298 (July 1940–December 1946); Charles Allen, “Ethnology,” Arizona Quarterly 2.1 (Spring 1946); Dwight Macdonald’s two-part “Henry Wallace,” Politics 4 (March-April and May-June 1947); likely A. Norman Jeffares, “The Byzantine Poems of W. B. Yeats,” The Review of English Studies 22.85 (January 1946); F. R. Leavis’s “Revaluation” of George Eliot in Scrutiny 13 (1945–1946) and 14 (1946–1947).

369. 369 Of the writers and works to whom JB refers, the following have been identified: Camus, Le Mythe de Sisyphe (1942); JB’s unpublished essay “The Old Criticism”; Winters makes brief references to Wordsworth in An Anatomy of Nonsense (1943) and in his essays; Herbert Read wrote an introduction for Paul Valéry’s Aesthetics in the early 1960s; Pound reviewed Cocteau’s Poésies 1917–1920 for The Dial (January 1921); the manuscript of Sir Thomas More, some fraction of which may have been written by Shakespeare; Francisco de Goya’s painting The Colossus, with commentary by Blamire Young, whose The Proverbs of Goya appeared in 1923; of Dryden’s commentary on pastoral, possibly his dedication to his translation of Virgil; Pierre Bonnard (1867–1947), French artist; Morris Raphael Cohen (1880–1947), philosopher; Henry Ford (1863–1947), industrialist; William Sansom (1912–1976), British novelist; Jean Stafford (1915–1979), novelist.

370. 370 Frank Norris (1870–1902), journalist and novelist.

371. 371 Lope de Vega (1562–1635), Spanish author.

372. 372 D. G. Bridson, “American Periodicals,” The Criterion 14.57 (July 1935).

373. 373 Edwin Seaver, ed., Cross Section 1947: A Collection of New American Writing (Simon and Schuster, 1947), xi.

374. 374 Numbers 21:8, King James Version.

375. 375 Julian P. Boyd (1903–1980), professor of history at Princeton; Franklin D’Olier (1877–1953), Princeton alumnus and businessman; Edwin S. Webster (1867–1950), one of the founders of the engineering company Stone and Webster.

376. 376 Joachim du Bellay, sonnet 31 from Les Regrets (1558).

377. 377 Simone Weil, “Factory Work,” Politics 3 (December 1946).

378. 378 The first volume of Toynbee’s A Study of History (1934).

379. 379 Lionel Trilling (1905–1975), literary critic; William Barrett (1913–1992), philosopher.

380. 380 Friedrich Sämisch (1896–1975), German chess player; he was in Königsberg during its siege and subsequent destruction in 1945. Alexander Alekhine (1892–1946), Russian chess player.

381. 381 Macdonald, “Henry Wallace (2),” Politics (May 1947).

382. 382 Anthony Morris Clark (1923–1976), curator and art historian, had known JB since studying with him at Harvard; Clark had intended to illustrate The Black Book. See Haffenden, The Life of John Berryman, 206.

383. 383 Tristan Corbière, Poems, trans. Walter McElroy (1947).

384. 384 Robert Gorham Davis, “In the Realms of Gold,” review of Williams’s A Little Treasury, The New York Times (27 April 1947).

385. 385 Samuel Greenberg, whose Poems JB reviewed for The Sewanee Review (July-September 1947).

386. 386 “The Cutty Wren,” a folksong included in Williams’s A Little Treasury (1947).

387. 387 Pound’s most recent translation of Confucius was The Unwobbling Pivot (1947).

388. 388 Gil Orlovitz, Concerning Man (1947).

389. 389 Pound, Instigations of Ezra Pound (1920).

390. 390 Winters, In Defense of Reason (1947).

391. 391 Cornelia Walcott, artist whose drawing of JB appears in Oscar Williams’s War Poets.

392. 392 The New Yorker (7 June 1947).

393. 393 Crane, “Emblems of Conduct” (1926); Greenberg, “Conduct” (written c. 1915, published 1939).

394. 394 Roy Campbell (1901–1957), South African poet.

395. 395 For Untermeyer’s Modern American Poetry (1950).

396. 396 Yeats, Letters on Poetry to Dorothy Wellesley (1940); Bridges, Correspondence of Robert Bridges and Henry Bradley, 1900–1923 (1940).

397. 397 JB’s letters to Chris Haynes are complicated by his habit of continuing letters over several dates.

398. 398 Kimon Friar and John Malcolm Brinnin, eds., Modern Poetry: American and British (1951).

399. 399 See the third stanza of “Canto Amor.”

400. 400 Henry Guerlac (1910–1985) and Edward Whiting Fox (1911–1996), professors of history at Cornell.

401. 401 “The Song of the Demented Priest,” “The Song of the Young Hawaiian,” and “Young Woman’s Song,” Partisan Review 13 (Summer 1946). They were reprinted in The Dispossessed, along with “A Professor’s Song,” “The Captain’s Song,” “The Song of the Tortured Girl,” “The Song of the Bridegroom,” “Song of the Man Forsaken and Obsessed,” and “The Pacifist’s Song,” as “The Nervous Songs.” See CP 49–54.

402. 402 William Gibson, Winter Crook (1948).

403. 403 Gibson, “Letters to My Witch,” Partisan Review 15.1 (January 1948).

404. 404 In addition to the early modern poets mentioned, JB also refers to English poets Thomas Gray (1716–1771), Thomas Warton (1728–1790), William Cowper (1731–1800), William Lisle Bowles (1762–1850), John Clare (1793–1864), and Thomas Hood (1799–1845); American poets George Boker (1823–1890), Trumbull Stickney (1874–1904), and Merrill Moore (1903–1957); and Australian poet John Manifold (1915–1985).

405. 405 Macdonald, “Gandhi,” Politics 5 (Winter 1948).

406. 406 “Waiting for the End, Boys,” Partisan Review 15 (February 1948).

407. 407 “The Lightning” first appeared in The Dispossessed; CP 55.

408. 408 Macdonald, Henry Wallace: The Man and the Myth (1948).

409. 409 Jean Stafford and Gertrude Buckman. Lowell had apologized to JB for “helping to make you a link,” for “being dispersed,” and for “the seven dollars”; Saskia Hamilton, ed., The Letters of Robert Lowell, 87.

410. 410 Carley Dawson (1909–2005), Lowell’s girlfriend.

411. 411 Andrea Mantegna, Italian painter.

412. 412 The Everyman referred to is most likely Silver Poets of the Sixteenth Century (1947).

413. 413 Jan Garrigue Masaryk (1886–1948), Foreign Minister of Czechoslovakia.

414. 414 Richard Stafford Cripps (1889–1952) and Herbert Morrison (1888–1965), British politicians.

415. 415 “Narcissus Moving” (CP 65–66) and “Young Woman’s Song.”

416. 416 Pound, “Small Magazines,” The English Journal 19.9 (November 1930).

417. 417 Fitzgerald, “A Prose Odyssey,” Poetry 72.1 (April 1948).

418. 418 An adaptation of Pound, “The Lake Isle” (1916).

419. 419 Rainer’s Outside Time (1948) included “Sestina.”

420. 420 Rainer was an editor of Retort: An Anarchist Quarterly of Social Philosophy and the Arts.

421. 421 Thomas Beer, author of Stephen Crane: A Study in American Letters (1923). JB’s Stephen Crane (published in Sloane’s American Men of Letters Series, 1950) draws extensively on Beer.

422. 422 Helen Trent, a singer once involved with Crane. JB refers to two other women involved with Crane: Lily Brandon Munroe, and actress and drama critic Amy Leslie (1855–1939).

423. 423 Ames W. Williams and Vincent Starrett, Stephen Crane: A Bibliography (1948), published by John Valentine.

424. 424 Nancy (Nellie) Crouse was the recipient of a number of love letters from Crane.

425. 425 James Branch Cabell and A. J. Hanna, The St. Johns: A Parade of Diversities (1943).

426. 426 B. J. R. Stolper, Stephen Crane: A List of His Writings and Articles about Him (1930).

427. 427 Claude Jones, “Stephen Crane: A Bibliography of His Stories and Essays,” Bulletin of Bibliography 15 (September-December 1935).

428. 428 JB’s Stephen Crane includes “A Bibliographical Note” listing these works and those mentioned later in this letter.

429. 429 Corwin Knapp Linson, “Stephen Crane: A Personal Record,” published in 1958 by Syracuse University Press as My Stephen Crane.

430. 430 Lotte Lehmann (1888–1976), German singer who recorded all of Schubert’s Winterreise.

431. 431 Dorothy Wellesley (1889–1956), British writer.

432. 432 JB paraphrases from Yeats, Letters on Poetry to Dorothy Wellesley (Oxford, 1940), 195.

433. 433 Stendhal, The Life of Henri Brulard (1890; trans. 1939).

434. 434 Edward Gibbon (1737–1794), English historian.

435. 435 Doris Lidz Berlind.

436. 436 Charles Nieder, ed., Short Novels of the Masters (1948); Wright Thomas and Stuart Brown, eds., Reading Poems (1941).

437. 437 Robert Cawley, professor of English at Princeton.

438. 438 Auden, “Hearing of harvests rotting in the valleys”; Donne, “The Funeral,” in Reading Poems.

439. 439 Benjamin Swann, founder of the Swann Auction Galleries.

440. 440 Maxwell Geismar (1909–1979), literary critic.

441. 441 Melvin Schoberlin, ed., The Sullivan County Sketches of Stephen Crane (1949).

442. 442 Elmer Adler designed The Work of Stephen Crane, ed. Wilson Follet (1925–1927).

443. 443 JB was selecting the contents of and writing an introduction for Pound’s Selected Poems (1949). The introduction, which New Directions did not use, was published as “The Poetry of Ezra Pound,” Partisan Review 16.4 (April 1949); FP 253–269.

444. 444 Anthony Bower, an editor at New Directions; Leon Edel (1907–1997), literary critic.

445. 445 James E. Shea, therapist.

446. 446 James Whitcomb Riley (1849–1916), poet discussed in Hamlin Garland’s memoir Roadside Meetings (1930).

447. 447 Thérèse Bentzon, “Un Radical de la Prairie: Hamlin Garland,” Revue des Deux Mondes (1 January 1900); JB may have encountered an English translation in “Hamlin Garland as Interpreted in Paris,” The Literary Digest (17 February 1900), 209.

448. 448 In 1948, the Supreme Court upheld a ban on Wilson’s Memoirs of Hecate County (1946).

449. 449 Eliot’s Notes Toward the Definition of Culture (1948) mentions MacDonald’s “A Theory of Popular Culture,” Politics 1.1 (February 1944).

450. 450 Muriel Mauer Cowley (1902–1990), a fashion editor.

451. 451 “World-Telegram,” The New Republic (28 June 1939), CP 20–21.

452. 452 “The Enemies of the Angels,” in The Dispossessed; CP 38–40. Richard Eberhart, “Song of the Nerves,” Poetry (October 1948).

453. 453 In the 1950 edition of Modern American Poetry, Untermeyer included “Winter Landscape,” “Parting as Descent,” “The Ball Poem,” and “Canto Amor.”

454. 454 “Venice,” American Letters 1 (December 1948); CP 151.

455. 455 The Pound selections in the 1936 edition of Modern American Poetry differ significantly from those on JB’s list.

456. 456 Shelley Memorial Award of the Poetry Society of America.

457. 457 Norman Hood, an editor at William Sloane.

458. 458 Helen Taylor, an editor at William Sloane.

459. 459 In the 2 July issue of The Saturday Review of Literature, Evans responded to Robert Hillyer’s “Treason’s Strange Fruit: The Case of Ezra Pound and the Bollingen Award,” SRL (11 June 1949), and “Poetry’s New Priesthood,” SRL (18 June 1949).

460. 460 In the 1930s and 1940s, Cairns had advised the Treasury Department on the literary merit of potentially pornographic and obscene work.

461. 461 Harrison Smith and Norman Cousins, “A Reply to Mr. Evans,” The Saturday Review of Literature (2 July 1949), 23.

462. 462 Williams, Paterson II; Tate, Poems, 1922–1947; and Jarrell, Losses (all 1948).

463. 463 Peter Viereck, (1916–2006), poet.

464. 464 Norman Cousins (1915–1990), chief editor of the Saturday Review of Literature.

465. 465 “The Imaginary Jew,” A Little Treasury of American Prose, ed. George Mayberry (1949).

466. 466 JB had read five poems for the Recording Library, 13 February 1948; Bishop was the Consultant in Poetry at the Library of Congress, from 1949 to 1950.

467. 467 “A Critical Supplement to Poetry” (December 1949).

468. 468 “The Cage,” “Elegy, for Alun Lewis,” “Innocent,” “The Wholly Fail,” and four selections from The Black Book, Poetry 75 (January 1950). For the latter, see CP 154–157.

469. 469 In Eileen Simpson’s handwriting.

470. 470 “A Critical Supplement to Poetry” discussed seven contemporary writers, including J. C. Crews.

471. 471 The “Letter to the Editors of The Saturday Review of Literature” was published in The Nation (17 December 1949). JB and Allen Tate were largely responsible for the letter, as Eileen Simpson explains in Poets in Their Youth (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1990), 196–197.

472. 472 JB received Princeton’s Hodder Fellowship for 1950.

473. 473 Duthie, Shakespeare’s King Lear: A Critical Edition (1949).

474. 474 At the end of World War II, Berlind was stationed in Germany; he later served in the Korean War.

475. 475 Berlind, “Notes on Melville’s Shorter Poems,” The Hopkins Review 3 (Summer 1950).

476. 476 Erich Auerbach, “The Aesthetic Dignity of the Fleurs du Mal,” Hopkins Review 4 (Autumn 1950).

477. 477 Erich Kahler, a 1951 festschrift edited by Eleanor L. Wolff, included JB’s “The Mysteries”; CP 152–153.

478. 478 Kahler was married to Alice (“Lili”) Loewy Kahler (1900–1991).

479. 479 Walter W. Stewart, of the Rockefeller Foundation.

480. 480 Irving Howe (1920–1993), critic and editor.

481. 481 Regarding Emery Neff’s Edwin Arlington Robinson (1948). Krutch, Trilling, Van Doren, and Margaret Marshall were on the board of editors for the series discussed.

482. 482 James Grossman, James Fenimore Cooper (1949).

483. 483 Pound, Patria Mia: A Discussion of the Arts, Their Use and Future in America (1950).

484. 484 JB received the Levinson Prize for “Eight Poems,” Poetry 75.4 (January 1950).

485. 485 D. D. Paige, ed., The Letters of Ezra Pound, 1907–1941 (1950)

486. 486 “Through Dreiser’s Imagination the Tides of Real Life Billowed,” The New York Times Book Review (4 March 1951), a review of F. O. Matthiessen’s Theodore Dreiser (1951). See FP 185–189.

487. 487 Van Wyck Brooks, America’s Coming-of-Age (1915).

488. 488 Hugh Kenner, “Bearded Ladies & the Abundant Goat,” Poetry 79.1 (October 1951), a review of Schwartz’s Vaudeville for a Princess (1950).

489. 489 Coventry Patmore (1823–1896), English poet.

490. 490 Mary Roberts Rinehart (1876–1958), novelist; William “Bull” Halsey Jr. (1882–1959), Admiral in the US Navy.

491. 491 JB composed a much shorter, uncollected letter on 13 February, in which he wrote: “I love Mark Twain, and I feel no objection to the principle of such societies, but for various reasons they are not for me.”

492. 492 The verso is blank, but the archive folder in the University of Chicago library contains a typescript of “Scots Poem,” which appeared in Poetry 79.1 (October 1951); CP 151–152.

493. 493 Hermann Broch (1886–1951), Austrian modernist writer, at Princeton from 1942 to 1948.

494. 494 “Shakespeare at Thirty,” The Hudson Review 6.2 (Summer 1953); FP 29–55.

495. 495 Charles Burton Fahs, director of the Humanities Division at the Rockefeller Foundation.

496. 496 Gordon Bowles, executive secretary of the Committee on International Exchange of Persons.

497. 497 James Michener’s essays appeared in the New York Herald Tribune and were subsequently collected in The Voice of Asia (1951).

498. 498 Oxford’s eleven-volume edition of Ben Jonson, published between 1925 and 1952.

499. 499 William Gifford, The Works of Ben Jonson (1816).

500. 500 John Dover Wilson, The Fortunes of Falstaff (1944); Edmund Wilson, “J. Dover Wilson on Falstaff” in Classics and Commercials: A Literary Chronicle of the Forties (1950).

501. 501 Classics and Commercials includes “A Long Talk about Jane Austen,” passages on Time (“Thoughts on Being Bibliographed”) and John O’Hara (“The Boys in the Back Room”), a piece on Swift (“The Most Unhappy Man on Earth”), “Why Do People Read Detective Stories?,” and “Who Cares Who Killed Roger Ackroyd?”

502. 502 Charles Reginald Jackson (1903–1968), whose novel The Lost Weekend was reviewed by Wilson in The New Yorker (5 February 1944).

503. 503 Theodore Weiss asked JB if he would be interested in a position at Bard.

504. 504 Irma Brandeis (1905–1990), Dante scholar and professor at Bard College.

505. 505 Norman Pearson (1909–1975), professor of English at Yale.

506. 506 Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism (1951).

507. 507 “Shakespeare at Thirty.”

508. 508 Paul Goodman (1911–1972), writer, philosopher, and social critic.

509. 509 W. S. Graham (1918–1986), Scottish poet.

510. 510 David Schubert (1913–1946), poet.

511. 511 Graham, “Letter II” from “Seven Letters,” later published in The Nightfishing (1955).

512. 512 Jean Garrigue (1912–1972), poet, teaching at Bard in 1951.

513. 513 David Gascoyne (1916–2001), English poet.

514. 514 John Walcott, novelist and intelligence officer (d. 1943), had shared drafts of his novel Terrible Children with Blackmur.

515. 515 Mary McCarthy, The Groves of Academe (1952).

516. 516 Clara Winston (1921–1983), translator; author of The Closest Kin There Is, published by Harcourt, Brace and Company in 1952. Denver Lindley (1904–1982), translator and editor at Harcourt, Brace.

517. 517 Kahler, “Hermann Broch (1886–1951),” Social Research: an International Quarterly of Political and Social Science 19.1 (March 1952), or “Rede über Hermann Broch,” Die Neue Rundschau 63.2 (1952).

518. 518 “Sonnet 25,” Poetry (October 1952); CP 83.

519. 519 “Homage to Mistress Bradstreet,” Partisan Review 20.5 (September-October 1953), CP 131–148.

520. 520 Wilson, “Epilogue, 1952: Edna St. Vincent Millay,” in The Shores of Light: A Literary Chronicle of the 1920s and 1930s (1952).

521. 521 Nicola Chiaromonte (1905–1972), Italian writer and activist.

522. 522 Ames, “John Dewey as Aesthetician,” Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism 12.2 (December 1953).

523. 523 Sanford, Damaris, and Christine Ames.

524. 524 James Alister (“Hamish”) Cameron (1904–1987), classicist and professor at Cincinnati from 1946 to 1974, married to Elizabeth Cameron.

525. 525 Sonnet 25.

526. 526 George Santayana (1863–1952), philosopher and writer.

527. 527 Harold E. McCarthy, “T. S. Eliot and Buddhism,” Philosophy East and West 2.1 (April 1952).

528. 528 JB’s penciled notes on his carbon refer to John Fletcher’s Women Pleased (1647); The Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature; The Year’s Work in English Studies; the anonymous pamphlet Old Meg of Herefordshire for a Mayd Marian (1609). “Hobby-horse” appears in Hamlet (3.2.122) as well as in Love’s Labour’s Lost (3.1.24), which JB notes later in this letter. He also refers later to Marlowe’s Tamburlaine the Great (1590) and the multi-authored Eastward Ho (1605).

529. 529 Wilson, with Arthur Quiller-Couch, edited The Taming of the Shrew (1928).

530. 530 William Haughton (d. 1605), English playwright; discussed at length in John Haffenden, ed., Berryman’s Shakespeare (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1999), 257–281.

531. 531 Gerald Bentley was married to the curator and scholar Esther Felt Bentley (1904–1961).

532. 532 Regarding the 1952 US presidential contest between Adlai Stevenson and Dwight Eisenhower.

533. 533 Morgan was married to Constance (“Connie”) Canfield.

534. 534 Eileen Simpson had undergone an operation in January 1953.

535. 535 William Herndon and Jesse Welk, Herndon’s Lincoln: The True Story of a Great Life (1889).

536. 536 Clement Greenberg (1909–1994), art critic; in 1951, he had objected to political views expressed in The Nation.

537. 537 Freda Kirchwey (1893–1976), editor of The Nation from 1933 to 1955. “Marlowe’s Damnations,” FP 3–8.

538. 538 Tate, “The Buried Lake,” The Sewanee Review 61.2 (Spring 1953).

539. 539 “Homage to Mistress Bradstreet,” stanza 10.

540. 540 William La Verdiere (1902–1991), priest at St. Jean Baptiste Roman Catholic Church, New York City.

541. 541 See JB’s note to stanza 51 of Homage to Mistress Bradstreet (Bradstreet’s “A Dialogue between Old England and New” echoes Zechariah 14:20).

542. 542 Fitzgerald’s seminars became Enlarging the Change: The Princeton Seminars in Literary Criticism, 1949–1951 (1985).

543. 543 The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy, most recently printed in 1950.

544. 544 Keats, letter to Benjamin Bailey, 23 January 1818.

545. 545 Thomas Morley (c. 1557–1602), English composer.

546. 546 Gilbert Bettman, Jr. (1918–2000), a judge in Cincinnati.

547. 547 Janet Emig (b. 1928), scholar of composition studies.

548. 548 Walter Clemons (1930–1994), novelist and critic. The quoted phrase is from “Homage to Mistress Bradstreet,” stanza 7.

549. 549 JB’s Princeton friends Elizabeth Mackie and Donald Mackie, and their daughter Diana.

550. 550 Georges Braque, Les Oiseaux (1952–1953).

551. 551 JB includes a clipping from a bookseller’s catalog, regarding Richard Brathwait’s Drunken Barnaby’s Four Journeys (trans. 1638).

552. 552 JB may refer to Maria Ivancic, a refugee from Slovenia who had been helping with the Fitzgeralds’ children in 1952.

553. 553 Hedli Anderson (1907–1990), English singer, then married to MacNeice.

554. 554 JB had sent “Homage to Mistress Bradstreet” to the Times Literary Supplement but told Giroux in a 12 July 1956 letter that he had never heard back.

555. 555 Thomas Riggs, Jr. (1915–1953), assistant professor of English at Princeton.

556. 556 John Foster Dulles (1888–1959), Eisenhower’s secretary of state.

557. 557 Robert A. Taft (1889–1953), Senate Majority Leader.

558. 558 Robert P. T. Coffin (1892–1955) had been George Elliston Chair of Poetry at the University of Cincinnati.

559. 559 Arthur Mizener (1907–1988), professor of English at Cornell.

560. 560 Marie Fried Rodell (1912–1975), literary agent and editor.

561. 561 JB reviewed Jarrell’s Poetry and the Age for The New Republic (2 November 1953).

562. 562 “Whether There Is Sorrow in the Demons,” CP 58–59.

563. 563 “Scholars at the Orchid Pavilion,” CP 246–247. According to Charles Thornbury’s chronology in CP, JB did not translate Paul Claudel’s “Le Chemin de la Croix” (as “The Way of the Cross”) until 1956.

564. 564 Mirabeau, an unpublished play.

565. 565 Lawrence Heyl, associate librarian at Princeton.

566. 566 Possibly “Shakespeare’s Last Word”; FP 72–87.

567. 567 Subsequent pages of this letter are missing.

568. 568 Caitlin Macnamara Thomas (1913–1994), Thomas’s estranged spouse and later memoirist.

569. 569 Fitzgerald’s daughter.

570. 570 Clyde Pharr (1883–1972), classics scholar and author of several Latin and Greek textbooks.

571. 571 Jane Cooper (1924–2007), poet and teacher; in 1954, she received an MA from the University of Iowa, where she studied with JB and Lowell.

572. 572 Anthony Hecht (1923–2004), poet and critic.

573. 573 Martin D’Arcy (1888–1976), priest and theologian.

574. 574 Frank, The Diary of a Young Girl (first published in English in 1952).

575. 575 The Doctor Dolittle books by Hugh Lofting, published from 1920 into the 1930s.

576. 576 Eileen Berryman and Anita Maximilian.

577. 577 Alexandra (“Sondra”) Tschacbasov, who married Bellow in 1956.

578. 578 Paolo Milano (1904–1988), literary critic and journalist.

579. 579 Bellow, The Adventures of Augie March (1953).

580. 580 JB, or another writer with a very similar pen, has put parentheses around this name.

581. 581 W. S. Merwin (1927–2019), poet.

582. 582 Howard Nemerov (1920–1991), Weldon Kees (1914–1955), John Ciardi (1916–1986), and Howard Moss (1922–1987).

583. 583 JB may refer to Satoru Sato (b. 1923), a poet and translator studying at the Iowa Writers’ Workshop.

584. 584 Fitzgerald, trans., The Odyssey (1961).

585. 585 See JB’s note on stanza 33 of “Homage to Mistress Bradstreet.”

586. 586 From the unpublished “Testament from In Here,” at UMN.

587. 587 Frederick Bargebuhr (1904–1978), instructor at Iowa.

588. 588 Han Suyin was the pen name of Rosalie Chou (1917–2012), novelist and nonfiction writer; her most recent novel was A Many-Splendoured Thing (1952).

589. 589 A molly (Poecilia sphenops).

590. 590 Donald Petersen (1928–2005), poet.

591. 591 Miguel de Unamuno (1864–1936), Spanish writer and philosopher.

592. 592 Unamuno, The Tragic Sense of Life, trans. J. E. Crawford Flitch (1921), 3.

593. 593 Van Doren, “Civil War,” in Now the Sky and Other Poems (1928).

594. 594 Herbert Read (1893–1968), English art critic.

595. 595 Marguerite Young (1908–1995), writer then teaching at the Iowa Writers’ Workshop.

596. 596 A. E. Housman, More Poems XXIII (“Crossing alone the nighted ferry”).

597. 597 “The Long Way to MacDiarmid,” Poetry 88.1 (April 1956).

598. 598 Edward Dahlberg, “A Long Lotus Sleep,” Poetry 81.5 (February 1953).

599. 599 E. E. Cummings, Poems, 1923–1954 (1954).

600. 600 Isaac Rosenfeld (1918–1956), writer, at UMN until 1954.

601. 601 Cummings, “a clown’s smirk in the skull of a baboon” in Poems, 1923–1954, 259.

602. 602 Schwartz, “Successful Love,” first published in The Avon Book of Modern Writing 2 (1954).

603. 603 “Homage to Mistress Bradstreet” was once dedicated to “Adamine,” JB’s name for a woman in whom he was interested in 1954. See Haffenden, John Berryman: A Critical Commentary (Macmillan, 1980), 31. JB likely sends a poem by Sarah Appleton.

604. 604 William Gaddis, The Recognitions (1955).

605. 605 André Gide, The Counterfeiters (1925).

606. 606 William Styron (1925–2006), whose Lie Down in Darkness appeared in 1951.

607. 607 Abraham Bellow died of a heart attack on 2 May 1955.

608. 608 Freud’s 2 November 1896 letter to Wilhelm Fliess appeared in “The Origins of Psychoanalysis: Unpublished Personal Letters, Part I,” Harper’s Magazine (April 1954), 46.

609. 609 Roland Bainton, Here I Stand: A Life of Martin Luther (Abingdon-Cokesbury Press, 1950), 323.

610. 610 Wilson, “The Scrolls from the Dead Sea,” The New Yorker (14 May 1955).

611. 611 Bellow’s son Gregory.

612. 612 Giroux had left Harcourt, Brace in 1955.

613. 613 Homage to Mistress Bradstreet, with drawings by Ben Shahn (1956).

614. 614 Jacques Maritain (1882–1973), French philosopher.

615. 615 Derek Traversi, Shakespeare: The Last Phase (1955); O’Connor, A Good Man Is Hard to Find, and Other Stories (1955).

616. 616 The early modern playwrights Thomas Kyd, George Peele, and Anthony Munday.

617. 617 Joseph Allen and James Greenough, Latin Grammar (first published 1872, revised in multiple later editions).

618. 618 Likely Edwy Brown Lee, teaching assistant at UMN, and Marie-Lorraine (Powell) Lee, graduate student at UMN.

619. 619 Chambers, William Shakespeare: A Study of Facts and Problems (1930). Of the several books entitled Shakespeare’s England, the most likely is Sidney Lee, Shakespeare’s England: An Account of the Life and Manners of His Age (1916). T. M. Raysor, ed., Coleridge’s Shakespearean Criticism (1930); Walther Ebisch and Levin Schücking, eds. A Shakespeare Bibliography (1931); Tucker Brooke, ed., The Shakespeare Apocrypha (1908), which contained the anonymous plays Locrine, Fair Em, and Sir Thomas More; Alexander Schmidt, Shakespeare-Lexicon (1886).

620. 620 Blackmur, The Lion and the Honeycomb: Essays in Solicitude and Critique (1955).

621. 621 Joan Griscom (1930–2017), a graduate student in English at UMN, mentioned in the preface to JB’s revised edition of Stephen Crane (1961).

622. 622 Eliason, “What Makes a Good Studio Teacher?” College Art Journal 14.3 (Spring 1955).

623. 623 JB lists the following early modern plays: The Tragedy of Alphonsus, The Battle of Alcazar, John of Bordeaux, The Scottish History of James the Fourth, The Famous Chronicle of King Edward the First, The Life and Death of Jack Straw, and George A Greene, the Pinner of Wakefield.

624. 624 “Providing there is conviction, it does not matter whether a teacher’s work resembles a kind of intoxicated geometry suddenly burst at the seams, or some apt opposite; what is important is that there is something behind it that can be caught upon, and art it seems, is caught upon rather than taught.” Eliason, “What Makes a Good Studio Teacher?” 242.

625. 625 Ashley Montagu (1905–1999), anthropologist.

626. 626 R. G. Collingwood (1889–1943), author of The Principles of Art (1938).

627. 627 Maritain, Creative Intuition in Art and Poetry, translated into English in 1953.

628. 628 Shahn’s painting of André Malraux, on the cover of Time (18 July 1955).

629. 629 Bernarda Bryson Shahn (1903–2004), painter.

630. 630 Ray West (1909–1990), professor of English at Iowa.

631. 631 Aleksander Aspel (1908–1975), professor of French at Iowa.

632. 632 Gerald Else (1908–1982), classicist.

633. 633 Chris Haynes, the subject of Berryman’s Sonnets, was married to Pat Haynes.

634. 634 Van Doren, The Poetry of John Dryden (1920); Graves, “Jekyll and Hyde,” from Poetic Unreason and Other Studies (1925); Rosemond Tuve, A Reading of George Herbert (1952). Among Tate’s and Blackmur’s essays on Dickinson, see Tate, “Emily Dickinson” in Outlook 149 (15 August 1928) and “New England Culture and Emily Dickinson” in Symposium 3 (April 1932), and Blackmur, “Emily Dickinson: Notes on Prejudice and Fact” in The Southern Review 3.2 (Autumn 1937).

635. 635 Philip Levine and Frances (“Franny”) Artley married in 1954.

636. 636 After this point, the letter is typewritten.

637. 637 JB has enclosed a newspaper clipping that quotes an anecdote from John Aubrey’s Brief Lives, about Richard Corbett and his chaplain, Thomas Lushington: “They loved one another … The bishop sometimes would take the key of the wine-cellar and he and his chaplain would go and lock themselves in and be merry. Then first he lays down his episcopal hat—‘There lies the Doctor.’ Then he putts of [sic] his gowne,—‘There lyes the Bishop.’ Then ’twas, ‘Here’s to thee, Corbet,’ and ‘Here’s to thee, Lushington.’ ”

638. 638 Teinosuke Kinugasa, Gate of Hell (1953).

639. 639 John Gerard (1564–1637), The Autobiography of a Hunted Priest, published by Farrar Straus & Cudahy in 1952, with an introduction by Graham Greene.

640. 640 William Weston (c. 1550–1615), The Autobiography of an Elizabethan, published in 1955.

641. 641 The first page of the UMN carbon ends here.

642. 642 Max Cary et al., eds., The Oxford Classical Dictionary (1949).

643. 643 John Hall Wheelock (1886–1978), senior editor at Scribner’s; Justice had written to JB about publishers for The Summer Anniversaries (1960), which included “Thus,” “The Wall,” “A Dream Sestina,” and “Landscape with Little Figures.”

644. 644 Peter Beilenson (1905–1962), printer and designer.

645. 645 Poet P. K. Page (1916–2010) was married to the diplomat William Arthur Irwin (1898–1999).

646. 646 Sally Appleton studied with William Lynch at Fordham University.

647. 647 Lynch, “Theology and the Imagination III: The Problem of Comedy,” Thought: Fordham University Quarterly 30.1 (Spring 1955), one of three articles by Lynch on “Theology and the Imagination”; see Thought 29.1 and 29.4 (Spring 1954 and Winter 1954).

648. 648 E. Kadloubovsky and G. E. H. Palmer first translated selections from the Philokalia as Writings from the Philokalia: On Prayer of the Heart (1951).

649. 649 Gustave Weigel, “Ecumenicism and the Catholic,” Thought: Fordham University Quarterly, 30.1 (Spring 1955); Oscar Cullman, Peter: Disciple, Apostle, Martyr (trans. 1953).

650. 650 “The one offense, therefore, which comedy cannot endure is that a man should forget he is man, or should substitute a phony faith for faith in the power of the vulgar and limited finite,” in Lynch, “Theology and the Imagination III,” 24. Austen’s remark, which JB misquotes slightly, is from a March 1817 letter to Fanny Knight.

651. 651 Samuel Sheppard’s 1954 trial for the murder of Marilyn Reese Sheppard.

652. 652 John Dalberg-Acton, The History of Freedom and Other Essays (1907).

653. 653 Victor E. Reichert, Job: With Hebrew Text and English Translation (1946), from the Soncino Press; A. H. McNeile, An Introduction to the Study of the New Testament (1953 ed., rev. C. S. C. Williams); G. D. Smith, ed., The Teaching of the Catholic Church: A Summary of Catholic Doctrine (1949); Maurice Goguel, The Life of Jesus (1954 reprint); Shakespeare Survey 7 (1954) and 8 (1955); volumes from the Arden Shakespeare, Second Series; Iona and Peter Opie, The Oxford Nursery Rhyme Book (1955); Graham Greene, The Quiet American (1955); C. S. Lewis, English Literature in the Sixteenth Century Excluding Drama (1954); Sigmund Freud, The Interpretation of Dreams, trans. James Strachey (1954); Joseph Fattorusso, Kings and Queens of England and of France, Book I: The Middle Ages to the Accession of Elizabeth I (1953); Oxford Junior Encyclopedia, Vol. XII, The Arts (1954).

654. 654 “The Long Way to MacDiarmid.”

655. 655 George Abbe’s Birds in the Mulberry (1954) was one of the books JB reviewed for Poetry; JB was irritated that Abbe had written him directly.

656. 656 Antal Doráti (1906–1988), Hungarian-born composer and conductor of the Minneapolis Symphony Orchestra. JB and Doráti collaborated on a setting of Paul Claudel’s “Le Chemin de la Croix,” which JB translated as “The Way of the Cross.”

657. 657 Morgan Blum (1914–1964) was a professor in the Interdisciplinary Program.

658. 658 Veronica Ann Szasz received her BA from UMN in 1955, and was a teaching assistant in General Studies by the spring of 1955. Ellen Siegelman and her husband, Philip Siegelman, were friends of JB.

659. 659 Paul Holmer (1916–2004), professor of philosophy at UMN; Benjamin Nelson (1911–1977), sociologist then at UMN.

660. 660 A. W. Pollard contributed a number of entries, largely on bibliography, for the Encyclopædia Britannica, eleventh edition.

661. 661 J. W. N. Sullivan, Beethoven: His Spiritual Development (1927).

662. 662 Blamire Young, The Proverbs of Goya (1923).

663. 663 James, “Is There a Life After Death?” (1910).

664. 664 Giroux continues to send JB new books from Farrar, Straus and Cudahy, including Sam Astrachan, An End to Dying (1956); Wilfred Watson, Friday’s Child (1955); and Christopher Devlin, The Life of Robert Southwell, Poet and Martyr (1956).

665. 665 Giroux sent JB a telegram on July 6, explaining that he had been told JB had given Auden permission to excerpt the last sixteen stanzas of “Homage to Mistress Bradstreet,” in the Faber Book of Modern American Verse, which would appear in 1956 (NYPL, FSG).

666. 666 Morgan Beatty, Your Nation’s Capital (1956).

667. 667 Dorothy L’Hommedieu, Topper and Madam Pig (1956).

668. 668 John Chapin, The Book of Catholic Quotations (1956); Milton Halsey Thomas, ed., The Diary of Samuel Sewall (eventually published in 1973); Edmund Wilson, A Piece of My Mind: Reflections at Sixty (1956).

669. 669 In the mid-1950s, Faulkner headed the Writers’ Committee for Eisenhower’s People-to-People program.

670. 670 Lloyd Frankenberg (1907–1975), poet and critic.

671. 671 Glenway Wescott, Apartment in Athens (1945).

672. 672 A variation on Pound’s “Letters are a nation’s foreign office” in Patria Mia.

673. 673 Mildred (“Mitzi”) McClosky (1919–2015), therapist, and Herbert McClosky (1916–2006), professor in the political science department at UMN.

674. 674 Floyd Patterson and Archie Moore, boxers competing for the World Heavyweight Championship on 30 November 1956.

675. 675 Bellow, Henderson the Rain King (1959).

676. 676 JB invited Bellow to give one of a series of lectures on Freud at UMN.

677. 677 W. B. Stevenson, The Poem of Job (1947).

678. 678 Fitzgerald, In the Rose of Time: Poems, 1939–1956 (1956).

679. 679 Ciardi, “The Researched Mistress,” Saturday Review of Literature (23 March 1957).

680. 680 “Not To Live,” The Virginia Quarterly Review 33.4 (Autumn 1957); CP 157.

681. 681 Rose Macaulay, The Towers of Trebizond (1957).

682. 682 “A Sympathy, A Welcome,” The New Yorker (16 August 1958); CP 157.

683. 683 Likely Harold Howland, officer for cultural affairs at the State Department.

684. 684 As Richard Stern relays in Still on Call (University of Michigan, 2010), Ellen Borden, the former wife of Adlai Stevenson, had held a party at which Berryman had injured himself.

685. 685 Wilbur’s Things of This World (1956) won the Pulitzer Prize and National Book Award in 1957.

686. 686 On 28 May, Wilbur replied that JB’s wire had read “CONGRATULATIONS ON DOUBLE SWEEP STOP YOUR VIGOROUS STUFF WILL LIVE.” Wilbur suggested that it had been “botched” or that its second sentence were ironic. “In any case … I took it straight: we all think we’re vigorous” (UMN).

687. 687 Dickey had read The Task and written to JB about Campbell.

688. 688 The Nation (30 September 1939); collected in The Task.

689. 689 Friar and Brinnin, Modern Poetry: American and British (1951); Oscar Williams, The New Pocket Anthology of American Verse from Colonial Days to the Present (1955).

690. 690 Donald Alfred Stauffer (1902–1952), literary critic and professor of English at Princeton.

691. 691 Mountains: JB’s letter was sent to Skyland, North Carolina, in the Blue Ridge Mountains.

692. 692 One edge of the extant photocopy of this postcard has been cut off.

693. 693 Mirei Shigemori (1896–1975), landscape architect; his Gardens of Japan was translated into English in 1949.

694. 694 Errors caused by the unfamiliar typewriter have been silently corrected.

695. 695 Edwin J. Neumann (1923–2013), cultural attaché for the State Department in Mumbai, and Mary Mackey Neumann, editor (c. 1930–2013).

696. 696 JB’s stationery is from Clark’s Hotel, in the northern Indian city of Varanasi.

697. 697 John Henry Stumpf, consul in Kolkata.

698. 698 “Thursday Out,” The Noble Savage 3 (Spring 1961); FP 335–343.

699. 699 “American Lights, Seen From Off Abroad,” Partisan Review 25.2 (Spring 1958); CP 157–159.

700. 700 Don Quijote de la Mancha (1957), including the commentary of Diego Clemencín, is inscribed “To Himself / John Henry / Madrid / 5 Nov 57”: Richard J. Kelly, John Berryman’s Personal Library: A Catalogue (Peter Lang, 1999), 63.

701. 701 Leo Frobenius, Histoire de la Civilisation Africaine, translated by Hanne Back and D. Ermont (1952).

702. 702 Wilson, “On First Reading Genesis,” The New Yorker (15 May 1954).

703. 703 Karl Witte, “The Art of Misunderstanding Dante” in Essays in Dante, trans. C. Mabel Lawrence and Philip H. Wicksteed (1898).

704. 704 Wilson, “The Scrolls from the Dead Sea,” The New Yorker (May 1955), or The Scrolls from the Dead Sea (1955).

705. 705 Wilson, To the Finland Station: A Study in the Writing and Acting of History (1940).

706. 706 R. P. Blackmur.

707. 707 Patricia Hartle, editor, and Robert Hartle, professor of modern languages at Princeton.

708. 708 Helen Blackmur.

709. 709 Milton Babbitt (1916–2011), composer at Princeton, and Sylvia Babbitt (1918–2005).

710. 710 Colin Pittendrigh (1918–1996), biologist at Princeton, and Margaret “Mikey” Pittendrigh (1918–2008).

711. 711 Robert Warshow (1917–1955), essayist. Agee died in 1955; Rosenfeld in 1956.

712. 712 Cone set lyrics by de la Mare (1873–1956) to music in “Around the Year” (1956).

713. 713 Probably a children’s book by L. Frank Baum.

714. 714 Hoagland, Cat Man (1956).

715. 715 DS 23, “The Lay of Ike.”

716. 716 Kobayashi Issa (1763–1828), trans. Reginald Horace Blyth.

717. 717 John Kasper (1929–1998), white supremacist who corresponded with Pound in the 1950s.

718. 718 Mary Hoover Aiken (1905–1992), painter.

719. 719 See “Statement of Robert Frost in the Case of the United States of America versus Ezra Pound” (1958), in Mark Richardson, ed., The Collected Prose of Robert Frost (Harvard University Press, 2007).

720. 720 On 4 April, Macdonald wrote to JB regarding a debate with the novelist James Gould Cozzens (1903–1978) about Shakespeare.

721. 721 Norman Mailer (1923–2007), novelist and journalist.

722. 722 Macdonald was preparing “The Bright Young Men in the Arts,” Esquire (September 1958).

723. 723 Dickey, “In the Presence of Anthologies,” an omnibus review in The Sewanee Review 66.2 (Spring 1958).

724. 724 DS 76.

725. 725 His Thought Made Pockets & The Plane Buckt (1958).

726. 726 “Of Isaac Rosenfeld” appeared in Partisan Review 23.4 (Fall 1956), but was not collected later.

727. 727 “Note to Wang Wei”; CP 159.

728. 728 Homage to Mistress Bradstreet and Other Poems (1959).

729. 729 Barbara Gibbs (1912–1993), poet and translator. Fredericks published her Poems Written in Berlin in 1959, and Richard Eberhart’s Brotherhood of Men in 1949.

730. 730 The paper is likely by Deborah West (b. 1936), then a Middlebury College undergraduate.

731. 731 Alexander Campbell, The Heart of India (1958).

732. 732 This note to JB’s mother is handwritten on the carbon copy. In UMN’s Convocation program for 1961, Gabor Stein ’62 appears in the list of students receiving Hungarian Refugee Tuition and Fee Scholarships.

733. 733 With the exception of “Andrew Jackson’s Speech,” from The Light Around the Body (1967), the Bly poems described here have not been identified.

734. 734 Possibly “Three Presidents,” from The Light Around the Body.

735. 735 See Bly, “Andrew Jackson’s Speech.”

736. 736 Bly and William Duffy were co-editors of The Fifties: A Magazine of Poetry and General Opinion. The first issue contained “Ten Pages of Modern European Poems,” trans. Christina Bratt Duffy, and “Ten Pages of Modern American Poems,” which included work by Charles Reynolds, Donald Hall, Gary Snyder, and W. D. Snodgrass. The issue also included “Madame Tussaud’s Wax Museum” (extracts from poems by Winters, Ginsberg, and Longfellow, “showing what, in our opinion, to avoid”) and Bly’s interview with Francis Brown.

737. 737 Bly was married to writer and teacher Carol McLean Bly (1930–2007).

738. 738 The Arts of Reading (1960).

739. 739 Likely Martin Steinmann, assistant professor of English at UMN.

740. 740 JB draws a square around the poem, title, and Fredericks’s name.

741. 741 Theodore Hornberger (1906–1975), professor of English at UMN.

742. 742 The fiction section of The Arts of Reading included Hemingway’s, Crane’s, and Babel’s stories, among other pieces (FP 217–221, 176–184, 115–128); the drama section included Macbeth (FP 56–71) and Chekhov’s A Marriage Proposal.

743. 743 Commentary on “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” in The Arts of Reading; FP 270–78.

744. 744 Alain Bosquet (1919–1998), French poet and editor of Trente-cinq jeunes poètes américains (1960).

745. 745 Winfield Townley Scott, “Mistress Bradstreet and the Long Poem,” Poetry Broadside 1 (Spring 1957).

746. 746 David Wagoner (b. 1926), poet and novelist, author of A Place to Stand (1958). “Ted” is Edward Hoagland.

747. 747 JB refers to the first stanza of DS 5; later in this letter he quotes from DS 24.

748. 748 The “French sage” is Bernard Le Bovier de Fontenelle.

749. 749 “The Primitive Vision,” The Times Literary Supplement (30 May 1958).

750. 750 Whitman, Homer and the Heroic Tradition (1958); Carrington, The Primitive Christian Calendar: A Study in the Making of the Marcan Gospel (1952).

751. 751 The Autobiography of Mark Van Doren (1958).

752. 752 Frank Leslie Cross, The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (1957); a reissue of Ronald Brunlees McKerrow’s The Works of Thomas Nashe; Harrison, A Second Elizabethan Journal, with F. P. Wilson’s notes (1958); G. K. Hunter, ed., All’s Well that Ends Well (1959); H. J. Oliver, ed., Timon of Athens (1959); Rochefort’s novel Repost du Guerrier (1958); Laurence Sickman and Alexander Soper, The Art and Architecture of China (1956); the Oxford English Texts edition of Campion was first edited by P. Vivian in 1909; Marcus Cunliffe, George Washington: Man and Monument (1958).

753. 753 Fredericks had sent JB a pen along with the sheets for which he needed signatures, and recommended Pelikan ink. He also remarked that “The Mysteries” “seems somehow fabricated & dishonest to me” (Getty, n.d.).

754. 754 Peter Arno (1904–1968), cartoonist.

755. 755 Charles Haberle, psychiatrist and clinical instructor at UMN.

756. 756 John Cheever (1912–1982), fiction writer.

757. 757 “From the Middle to the Senior Generations,” The American Scholar 28.3 (Summer 1959); FP 310–315.

758. 758 The lines quoted are from “Home After Three Months Away,” in Life Studies (1959). Lowell had cut the third stanza of “Beyond the Alps” when reprinting it in Life Studies.

759. 759 Jean de la Bruyère (1645–1696), author of the satirical essays of Les Caractères (1688).

760. 760 Cleveland Amory, The Proper Bostonians (1947); Edwin O’Connor, The Last Hurrah (1956).

761. 761 “For George Santayana: 1863–1952,” in Life Studies.

762. 762 Alan Stiegler (1925–2016), lawyer based in Minneapolis.

763. 763 Joseph “King” Oliver (1881–1938), cornet player who recorded “St. James Infirmary” in 1930.

764. 764 Ved P. Sharma, a graduate student at UMN in the early 1950s and an instructor in Speech and Theater Arts.

765. 765 Al Alvarez, “Poetry and Poverty,” The Observer (10 May 1959).

766. 766 Larkin, “Keeping Up with the Graveses,” Manchester Guardian (15 May 1959); Betjeman, “Adventures in Poetry,” Daily Telegraph (1 May 1959); possibly G. S. Fraser, “I, They, We,” The New Statesman (2 May 1959).

767. 767 “The American Imagination: Its Strength & Scope,” The Times Literary Supplement (6 November 1959).

768. 768 Robert H. Beck, professor of education at UMN.

769. 769 Ralph Ross was married to Alicia Ross (1934–2003).

770. 770 Herbert Gold (b. 1924), novelist.

771. 771 Perry Miller (1905–1963), professor of history at Harvard.

772. 772 Rowse, The Elizabethans and America: The Trevelyan Lectures at Cambridge, 1958 (1959).

773. 773 Jon Silkin (1930–1997), British poet.

774. 774 Ellen Siegelman.

775. 775 In addition to the Dream Songs that previously appeared in the TLS (see 30 July 1959 letter to Levine), the first issue of The Noble Savage also reprinted what became DS 54, 12, 46, 53, 29, and 17.

776. 776 Berlind’s Ways of Happening (1959) included “Three Larks for a Loony,” “Olee,” “Poet Who,” and “The Ballad of the Old Hag.”

777. 777 JB’s introduction to Nashe’s The Unfortunate Traveller (1960), collected as “Thomas Nashe and ‘The Unfortunate Traveller,” FP 9–28.

778. 778 Laurence Housman, My Brother A. E. Housman: Personal Recollections Together with Thirty Hitherto Unpublished Poems (1938).

779. 779 Gordon and Tate, The House of Fiction: An Anthology of the Short Story with Commentary (1950).

780. 780 Robert Penn Warren and Albert Erskine, Six Centuries of Great Poetry (1955).

781. 781 Leslie A. Fiedler, ed. Whitman (1959).

782. 782 This carbon includes notes that JB seems to have penciled later. At UMN, the Humanities 131 seminar ran in the fall, 132 in the winter, 133 in the spring.

783. 783 William Foxwell Albright, From the Stone Age to Christianity (1957).

784. 784 Erich Auerbach, Scenes from the Drama of European Literature (1959).

785. 785 Erwin Schrödinger, What Is Life? The Physical Aspect of the Living Cell (1944).

786. 786 Likely Charles Sherrington, Man on His Nature (1940) and Bronisław Malinowski, “Magic, Science, and Religion” (1925), in Magic, Science, and Religion and other Essays (1954).

787. 787 Charlie D. Broad, Human Personality and the Possibility of Its Survival (1955).

788. 788 Watts, The Way of Zen (1957).

789. 789 Charles Scott Sherrington (1857–1952), neurophysiologist and author of Man on His Nature (1940). Huxley, “The Meaning of Death,” in Essays in Popular Science (1926).

790. 790 Otto Klineberg (1899–1992), Canadian psychologist, known for research on IQ and race. JB may refer to Klineberg’s “A Science of National Character,” American Scientist 32.4 (October 1944).

791. 791 Van Wyck Brooks, America’s Coming-of-Age (1915); D. W. Brogan, The American Character (1944); George Santayana, Character and Opinion in the United States (1921).

792. 792 Aiken reprinted “Homage to Mistress Bradstreet” in Twentieth-Century American Poetry (1963).

793. 793 The postcard’s caption reads, “Located in the Bay between San Francisco and Sausalito, Alcatraz Island, known as ‘The Rock,’ is the Federal Prison for incorrigibles” (JB’s underlining).

794. 794 Fosco Maraini, Meeting with Japan (1960).

795. 795 Josephine Miles (1911–1985), poet and professor of English at Berkeley.

796. 796 Deneen Peckinpah, a Berkeley student, played the title role in Renoir’s Carola.

797. 797 Josephine Herbst, “The Starched Blue Sky of Spain” and Edward Hoagland, “Cowboys,” both in The Noble Savage 1 (Spring 1960).

798. 798 Stanley Kunitz (1905–2006), poet.

799. 799 Thom Gunn (1929–2004), English poet teaching at Berkeley.

800. 800 Mark Schorer (1908–1977) and Ruth Tozier Page Schorer. The medievalist Charles Muscatine (1920–2010) was one of the instructors affected by the Levering Act, a 1949 law requiring state employees to sign a loyalty oath to the US and disavow Communism.

801. 801 Allan Bloom (1930–1992), philosopher; he was a Visiting Lecturer in Interdisciplinary Studies at UMN.

802. 802 Helmut Hungerland (1908–1999), who was teaching art at the California College of Arts and Crafts; James Schevill (1920–2009), poet teaching at San Francisco State University and at the California College of Arts and Crafts; architectural historian James S. Ackerman (1919–2016), and former dancer Mildred Rosenbaum Ackerman (1920–1986).

803. 803 Allan Temko (1924–2006), critic of architecture and lecturer in the Speech department at Berkeley.

804. 804 Ross and Louis Bredvold, eds., The Philosophy of Edmund Burke (1960).

805. 805 Snodgrass, “These Trees Stand …,” from Heart’s Needle (1959), which won the Pulitzer Prize.

806. 806 CP 246.

807. 807 Tony Tanner (1935–1998), British literary critic.

808. 808 Regarding the 1 May 1960 incident in which the Soviet military shot down an American U-2 reconnaissance plane.

809. 809 Kingsley Amis, Lucky Jim (1954); Terry Southern, Flash and Filigree (1958); H. Rider Haggard (1856–1925), English novelist.

810. 810 Caryl Chessman, who was executed for kidnapping and rape on 2 May 1960.

811. 811 JB may be referring to Simpson’s “The Dream Coast,” The Noble Savage 3 (Spring 1961).

812. 812 Ian Watt (1917–1999), professor of English at Stanford. Watt, “Bridges Over the Kwai,” Listener (6 August 1959) and Partisan Review 26 (Winter 1959).

813. 813 Thomes’s articles at this time included, for example, “Prophylactic value of anticoagulant therapy in cerebral thrombosis,” Minnesota Medicine 42 (November 1959).

814. 814 Jonas Schwartz, Levine’s lawyer.

815. 815 JB’s carbon notes that the application was “denied Dec 7th.”

816. 816 E. K. Chambers, The Elizabethan Stage (1923), William Shakespeare: A Study of Facts and Problems (1930), and “William Shakeshafte,” in Shakespearean Gleanings (1944). Oliver Baker, In Shakespeare’s Warwickshire and the Unknown Years (1937).

817. 817 JB and Kate Donahue married on 1 September 1961.

818. 818 The photocopy has been cut off.

819. 819 Ostroff, ed., “The Poet and His Critics: A Symposium,” New World Writing, 19 (1961); its essays on Roethke’s “In a Dark Time” were by Ransom, Deutsch, Kunitz, and Roethke. Ostroff’s symposium on Richard Wilbur’s “Love Calls Us to the Things of This World,” first published in The Berkeley Review 3 (Spring 1957).

820. 820 Wacław Iwaniuk, “Posłowie dla Pani Bradstreet,” Tematy 1.1 (Winter 1963).

821. 821 Olive Schreiner (1855–1920), South African writer.

822. 822 Elizabeth A. Drew (1887–1965), author of Discovering Poetry (1933) and professor at Smith College.

823. 823 “Mr. Pou & the Alphabet” was first printed in DH 346–347.

824. 824 The letter breaks off here.

825. 825 Betty and Van Meter Ames, Japan and Zen (1961).

826. 826 Stallman, who was working on Crane, had asked JB to share some of his notes.

827. 827 Lillian Gilkes and R. W. Stallman, eds., Stephen Crane: Letters (1960).

828. 828 Jacob Clavner Levenson (1922–2018), professor of English at UMN.

829. 829 Brom Weber (1917–1998), professor of English at UMN.

830. 830 Essays by JB, Richard Wilbur, and John Frederick Nims on Lowell’s “Skunk Hour,” in New World Writing 21, ed. Ostroff (1962); for JB’s essay, see FP 316–322.

831. 831 Alvarez, ed., The New Poetry (1962).

832. 832 Essays on Kunitz’s “Father and Son,” New World Writing 20 (1962).

833. 833 DS 183, 49, and 21.

834. 834 George Rowley (1892–1962), professor of art history at Princeton.

835. 835 JB’s notes on his carbon; what became DS 20 (“The Secret of the Wisdom”) appeared in The Observer (3 June 1962).

836. 836 What would become DS 8 and 216, Encounter 19.4 (October 1962). Spender was editor of Encounter.

837. 837 O. Meredith Wilson (1909–1998), president of UMN from 1961 to 1967.

838. 838 Hoagland, The Circle Home (1960); Clemons, The Poison Tree and Other Stories (1959).

839. 839 This letter, written in pencil on lined paper, is likely a draft.

840. 840 Quoted in Paul Arthur Schlipp, ed., Albert Einstein: Philosopher-Scientist (1959).

841. 841 JB’s review of Lowell’s Lord Weary’s Castle (1946) and of seven other volumes appeared as “Lowell, Thomas, &c.,” Partisan Review 14.1 (January–February 1947); FP 286–296.

842. 842 Hoagland and Amy J. Ferrara married in 1960.

843. 843 This sentence is cut off.

844. 844 DS 287.

845. 845 Kerstin Pedersen (later Warner) received her MA from UMN in 1962, and her PhD in English in 1973.

846. 846 Walt Whitman, “When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d” (1865).

847. 847 Stephen Crane, first Meridian printing, 1962.

848. 848 Library terms regarding the loan period, and whether any requests should be in a book cage; JB then thinks of James’s In the Cage (1898).

849. 849 M. Marjorie Crump, The Growth of the Aeneid (1920); Goethe, Conversations of Goethe with Eckermann, translation and edition uncertain; Eliot, Selected Essays: 1917–1932 (1934); Winters, In Defense of Reason (1947); Blackmur, The Double Agent (1935); Gay Wilson Allen, The Solitary Singer: A Critical Biography of Walt Whitman (1955); Allen and Charles T. Davis, eds., Walt Whitman’s Poems (1959); Gardner, The Art of T. S. Eliot (1949); Jarrell, Poetry and the Age (1953); Tillyard, The English Epic and its Background (1954).

850. 850 F. O. Matthiessen and K. B. Murdock, eds., The Notebooks of Henry James (1947); James, The Art of the Novel, ed. Blackmur (1934); Lubbock, The Craft of Fiction (1921); Forster, Aspects of the Novel (1927); F. R. Leavis, The Great Tradition (1948); William Dean Howells, Criticism and Fiction (1891).

851. 851 Kizer printed what would become DS 8, 20, and 216 in Poetry Northwest 3.4 (Winter 1962–1963).

852. 852 Isaac Rosenfeld, An Age of Enormity (1962).

853. 853 Vasiliki Sarantakis Rosenfeld, Rosenfeld’s widow.

854. 854 Rosenfeld, “King Solomon,” Harper’s Magazine (July 1956).

855. 855 Rosenfeld, “For God and the Suburbs,” Partisan Review 22.4 (Fall 1955).

856. 856 Wilson, “Ambushing a Bestseller,” The New Yorker (16 February 1946).

857. 857 Written on JB’s carbon; he also adds “+ + (5 Oct)” at the end.

858. 858 Ostroff, Imperatives (1962).

859. 859 DS 23.

860. 860 What would become DS 27, 16, 36 (which responds to the deaths of Hemingway and Faulkner), and 71, Poetry 101 (October–November 1962).

861. 861 What would become DS 7 and 52, Partisan Review 29.4 (Fall 1962).

862. 862 DS 71.

863. 863 Powers, Morte d’Urban (1962).

864. 864 Bellow and Susan Glassman married in 1961.

865. 865 In addition to the DS in Encounter and Poetry, JB had published what would become DS 4 and 51, The New Republic (17 November 1962), and DS 14, Harper’s Magazine (March 1963).

866. 866 Sondra Tschacbasov (Bellow’s wife) and writer Jack Ludwig (1922–2018).

867. 867 Arthur Evans and Catherine Evans, “Pieter Bruegel and John Berryman: Two Winter Landscapes.” Texas Studies in Literature and Language 5.3 (Autumn 1963).

868. 868 James Townsend, John Davidson: Poet of Armageddon (1961).

869. 869 Maurice Lindsay, ed., John Davidson: A Selection of His Poems (1961).

870. 870 Wilson, “Swinburne of Capheaton and Eton,” The New Yorker (6 October 1962).

871. 871 Leslie Fiedler, “On Hemingway,” and Karl Shapiro, “The Bourgeois Poet,” Partisan Review 29.3 (Summer 1962).

872. 872 Bellow’s The Last Analysis opened in 1964, directed by Joseph Anthony and starring Sam Levene.

873. 873 Lynn Louden was one of JB’s graduate assistants at UMN.

874. 874 Kizer, “A Month in Summer,” The Kenyon Review 24.3 (Summer 1962).

875. 875 Aiken and Roethke.

876. 876 Kay Johnston Morrison (1898–1989), Frost’s secretary.

877. 877 What would become DS 3, 6, 9, 13, 22, 34, 58, 64, 68, 69, 74, 98, 105, and two uncollected Songs (“Baby Teddy,” “Statesmanlike”) were published as “15 Dream Songs,” Ramparts 2 (May 1963).

878. 878 J. Sutherland, “A Poet Hidden,” The Times Literary Supplement (14 September 1962), 688.

879. 879 Van Doren reviewed Blackmur’s The Double Agent as “A Critic’s Job of Work,” Columbia Review 17.3 (April 1936). Van Doren, “Dunce Songs,” collected in Morning Worship (1960); Blackmur, “Mr. Virtue and the Three Bears,” first published in Poetry 79.3 (December 1951).

880. 880 Mary Charlotte Hayes (Ward) Wilbur, known as “Charlee” (1922–2007).

881. 881 Mary Evelyn Blum, married to Morgan Blum.

882. 882 DS 36.

883. 883 Daniel Hughes (1929–2003), poet to whom DS 35 was dedicated, and Gregory Polletta (1929–2012), then teaching literature at Brown University.

884. 884 Roger Casement (1864–1916), Irish political figure.

885. 885 Rex Warner (1905–1986), novelist and classicist then teaching at the University of Connecticut.

886. 886 Regarding a 15 November reading at Harvard.

887. 887 Oya Kaynar, instructor in the Interdisciplinary Program; she received her PhD from UMN in 1968.

888. 888 JB draws a line from this marginal addition down to “Baby Teddy.”

889. 889 John F. Kennedy and his father, Joseph P. Kennedy.

890. 890 Kizer, “Lines to Accompany Flowers for Eve” and “A Long Line of Doctors,” first published in Midnight Was My Cry: New and Selected Poems (1971).

891. 891 Jarrell, “Eighth Air Force.”

892. 892 Monroe Engel (1921–2014), novelist, critic, and editor; and Brenda Sartorius Engel (b. 1924).

893. 893 Bellow, “Leaving the Yellow House” (1958).

894. 894 Ring Lardner, “The Maysville Minstrel” (1928).

895. 895 What became DS 37, 38, and 39, The New York Review of Books (1 February 1963).

896. 896 The reviews of Spender’s The Making of a Poem and Auden’s The Dyer’s Hand appeared as “Spender: The Poet as Critic,” The New Republic (29 June 1963) and “Auden’s Prose,” The New York Review of Books (29 August 1963).

897. 897 A slight misquotation of Toynbee, “The Two Robert Frosts,” The Observer (3 February 1963), 22: Toynbee’s review has “the public was probably right.”

898. 898 The brackets within this quotation are JB’s.

899. 899 Snodgrass taught at Wayne State University from 1959 to 1968.

900. 900 JB may have in mind Halliday’s PhD thesis, “Narrative technique in the novels of Ernest Hemingway” (1950), or one of several articles.

901. 901 Paul van K. Thomson (1916–1999), professor at Providence College.

902. 902 Frost, “The Telephone” (1916).

903. 903 Marshall Best (1901–1982), editor at Viking Press. JB had pitched his critical biography of Shakespeare to Best in July 1951.

904. 904 JB has enclosed a typescript of DS 55, with the handwritten comment of “This takes place, apparently, just after Henry’s death”; it is signed “for Robert—/ John / Febr ’63” (NYPL).

905. 905 Robert Gittings’s work on Keats included John Keats: The Living Year, 21 September 1818 to 21 September 1819 (1954) and The Mask of Keats (1956). Robert Bridges, John Keats: A Critical Essay (1895).

906. 906 Merrill, “Driver,” Partisan Review 29.4 (Fall 1962). Merrill’s Water Street (1962) included “An Urban Convalescence,” “The Smile,” and “Scenes of Childhood.”

907. 907 JB has enclosed DS 58.

908. 908 Wilson, Patriotic Gore: Studies in the Literature of the American Civil War (1962), adapted from his 1952 Gauss Seminars at Princeton.

909. 909 Wilson, Apologies to the Iroquois (1960).

910. 910 Fitzgerald, “Notes on American Poetry after 1945,” The American Review 1 (Autumn 1960), 130.

911. 911 Daniel A. Lindley, Jr. (b. 1933), a participant at Bread Loaf in the summer of 1962.

912. 912 Regarding what became DS 48 (“He yelled at me in Greek”) and 56 (“Hell is empty”), The Observer (22 December 1963).

913. 913 William Empson, “Aubade,” Life and Letters 17 (Winter 1937).

914. 914 Berryman owned a copy of Vincent Taylor’s The Gospels: A Short Introduction (1952), but H. Taylor has not been identified.

915. 915 Sullivan, “Weighing the Heart of the Scribe Ani,” in History of the World as Pictures (1965).

916. 916 Charlotte Gilchrist Honig (1915–1963). Edwin Honig (1919–2011), poet and professor at Brown University.

917. 917 Sullivan attributed the title of “Who, these days, drinks wine from a virgin’s skull?” to a Time review of Anthony Rhodes’s The Poet as Superman.

918. 918 “For W. B. Yeats,” subtitled “from one who never made young men catch their breath when she was passing.”

919. 919 “At the Artificial Flower Factory” quotes Marianne Moore.

920. 920 Roethke, “Frau Bauman, Frau Schmidt, and Frau Schwartze.”

921. 921 Possibly Kathleen Park, principal secretary in the Office of the Dean at UMN.

922. 922 In 1962, Pound received the Harriet Monroe Memorial Prize from Poetry.

923. 923 St. Clair Drake and Horace R. Cayton, Jr., Black Metropolis: A Study of Negro Life in a Northern City (1945).

924. 924 The poet Gwendolyn Brooks (1917–2000) was a judge of the Chicago Daily News contest.

925. 925 Ralph Ellison (1914–1994), novelist and essayist; James Baldwin (1924–1987), writer and activist.

926. 926 In “Twirling at Ole Miss,” Esquire (February 1963), Southern relays his visit to the still-segregated University of Mississippi; the racist comment JB quotes is one Southern found written in the school’s copy of Faulkner’s Light in August.

927. 927 Paul Engle.

928. 928 Errett W. McDiarmid (1909–2000), dean of the College of Science, Literature, and the Arts at UMN.

929. 929 George H. Amberg (1901–1971), professor of theater and dance at UMN; Robert J. Ames (1916–1983), professor of English.

930. 930 Walter Savage Landor’s remark is included in The Five Hundred Best English Letters (1931), which JB owned.

931. 931 The cover of the May 1963 Ramparts lists “Art by Krystyna Sadowska” and “Photography by Zaremba.” The issue includes Seymour Harris, “Catholic Higher Education: The Economic Issues”; Warren Coffey, “Wyndham Lewis: Enemy of the Rose”; eight pages of drawings by Lewis; and Stiehl’s review of Alvarez’s The New Poetry (1963) and of Thom Gunn and Ted Hughes’s Selected Poems (1963).

932. 932 Van Doren, Collected and New Poems: 1924–1963 (1963).

933. 933 On a separate page, JB has written out a copy of DS 70 (under the title of “Dream Song 70015”), with corrections.

934. 934 John Malcolm Brinnin and Bill Read, eds., The Modern Poets: An American-British Anthology (1963).

935. 935 V. S. Pritchett, The Spanish Temper (1954).

936. 936 Gerald Brenan, A Life of One’s Own, Childhood and Youth (1962); Dom Denys Rutledge, In Search of a Yogi (1963); Xavier Rynne, Letters from Vatican City: Vatican Council II (First Session) (1963).

937. 937 Colman Barry (1921–1994), priest and editor of Benedictine Studies and the American Benedictine Review.

938. 938 Pope John XXIII died on 3 June 1963.

939. 939 DS 68.

940. 940 The word “waterfall” is crammed onto the page, hence JB’s explaining “That word” in this postscript.

941. 941 “The Other Chicago.”

942. 942 Francis M. Boddy, a dean at UMN; Martha R. Hostettler, assistant to the dean.

943. 943 “Crane’s Art,” a chapter from JB’s Stephen Crane, was reprinted in A. Walton Litz, ed., Modern American Fiction (1963).

944. 944 Gardner’s daughter, Rose; see Marian Janssen, Not at All What One Is Used To: The Life and Times of Isabella Gardner (University of Missouri Press, 2010).

945. 945 Sidney Hook (1902–1989), philosopher.

946. 946 These brackets are JB’s.

947. 947 James Wright was denied tenure at UMN in 1963.

948. 948 Morton Seif, “Not Quite Prose?” The Times Literary Supplement (31 May 1963), a review of Hall’s Contemporary American Poetry.

949. 949 “Epics from Outer Space,” New York Times Book Review (21 July 1963), review of Harry Martinson, Aniara (trans. 1963) and David Jones, The Anathemata (1963).

950. 950 “Epics from Outer Space.”

951. 951 Charles Williams, The New Book of English Verse (1936). De la Mare edited several anthologies, most famously Come Hither (1923). Iona and Peter Opie edited many collections of children’s songs and poems, such as The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (1951).

952. 952 What would become DS 40 and 55, The Yale Review 52 (Summer 1963).

953. 953 John Thompson (1918–2002), poet and executive director of the Farfield Foundation.

954. 954 These brackets are JB’s.

955. 955 Saul Bellow, “Letter to Dr. Edvig,” and Eleanor Perényi, “Wilson,” both in Esquire (1 July 1963).

956. 956 Mackie Langham Jarrell (1914–1991), a specialist in eighteenth-century English literature.

957. 957 JB was working on a study of Shakespeare and William Haughton, as well as on a biography of Shakespeare.

958. 958 Sylvia Plath, “Edge,” “The Fearful,” “Kindness,” and “Contusion,” The Observer (17 February 1963).

959. 959 The “anthrax-ray” Song would become DS 50, which was published along with DS 28, 31, 21, 44, 66, 56, 48, and 45 in Poetry 103 (October–November 1963).

960. 960 These brackets are JB’s.

961. 961 Regarding JB’s essay on “Skunk Hour,” reprinted as “Despondency and Madness” in The Contemporary Poet as Artist and Critic, ed. Ostroff (1964).

962. 962 Aiken, The Morning Song of Lord Zero: Poems Old and New (1963).

963. 963 JB has enclosed a draft of DS 15.

964. 964 The three poems Aiken included in Twentieth-Century American Poetry (1963).

965. 965 DS 66 is dedicated to Van Doren.

966. 966 The poem JB refers to as “52” is eventually numbered 66.

967. 967 JB, Hayden Carruth, and Lucien Stryk (1924–2013) shared the prize of the Chicago Daily News contest, for a new poem about Chicago.

968. 968 JB’s lecture for the Voice of America was published as “Stephen Crane: The Red Badge of Courage,” in The American Novel, ed. Wallace Stegner (1965).

969. 969 A slight reworking of Shakespeare, The Winter’s Tale, 1.2.187–188.

970. 970 Arthur Naftalin (1917–2005), mayor of Minneapolis from 1961 to 1969.

971. 971 Ransom’s essay for New World Writing 19 (1961).

972. 972 What became DS 11, 57, and 217, The Kenyon Review 26.1 (Winter 1964); Robie Macauley (1919–1995) was the editor at Kenyon.

973. 973 These brackets are JB’s.

974. 974 Herman Kogan (1914–1989), journalist with the Chicago Daily News and editor of its arts section, Panorama, where the winning poems may have been printed on 3 August 1963.

975. 975 JB is thinking of The American Review.

976. 976 Roger Robb (1907–1985), prosecutor in the 1954 security hearings on J. Robert Oppenheimer.

977. 977 On 25 November, Giroux explained that the letterhead used Perpetua, and would appear in The Dream Songs for headings, the by-line, and captions (NYPL, FSG Records).

978. 978 DS 2 and DS 76.

979. 979 What became DS 18, The Times Literary Supplement (23 August 1963).

980. 980 MacNeice died on 3 September 1963. D. G. Bridson (1910–1980), BBC radio producer.

981. 981 Vernon Watkins (1906–1967), Welsh author.

982. 982 DS 18 was reprinted in The New York Review of Books (17 October 1963).

983. 983 A variation on a line from Molière’s Tartuffe, 3.III, which Wilbur translated in 1963.

984. 984 Louis Jouvet (1887–1951), actor and director of Théâtre de l’Athénée, from 1934.

985. 985 Michael Wolfe (b. 1945), poet.

986. 986 What became DS 73, 71, and 74; later in this letter JB mentions DS 59 (“Henry’s meditation in the Kremlin”), 5, 25, and 23 (“The Lay of Ike”).

987. 987 Russell Lynes (1910–1991), editor at Harper’s Magazine.

988. 988 William Haughton’s Englishmen for My Money (first extant edition 1616).

989. 989 DS 75.

990. 990 [“The jolly old man is a silly old dumb”], The Noble Savage 1 (Spring 1960).

991. 991 DS 1.

992. 992 Hoagland was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship for fiction in 1964.

993. 993 DS 73.

994. 994 McCarthy’s The Group remained at the top of the New York Times bestsellers list for the last three months of 1963; “Jean” is Jean Stafford.

995. 995 This phrase is the title of DS 225.

996. 996 This sentence begins a new page; the letterhead, “JOHN BERRYMAN,” has been typed over with “xmxmxmxmxm”; JB writes next to it, “(that expresses my feeling).”

997. 997 Frank Kermode (1919–2010), British literary critic.

998. 998 Marie Birnbaum, an undergraduate and writer at Connecticut College.

999. 999 Stegner chose JB to write and broadcast a Voice of America article on The Red Badge of Courage; he then printed it in The American Novel (1965). See Ernest C. Stefanik, Jr., John Berryman: A Descriptive Bibliography (University of Pittsburgh Press, 1974), 165.

1000. 1000 Regarding a grant from the Ingram Merrill Foundation.

1001. 1001 “Formal Elegy,” first included in Erwin A. Glikes and Paul Schwaber’s Of Poetry and Power: Poems Occasioned by the Presidency and Death of John F. Kennedy (1964); CP 163–66.

1002. 1002 A variation on Housman’s sentence in “The Application of Thought to Textual Criticism.”

1003. 1003 Peter Mayer (1936–2018), head of Avon Books. Jonathan Cott, “Theodore Roethke and John Berryman: Dream Poets,” in Richard Kostelanetz, ed. On Contemporary Literature (1964).

1004. 1004 An allusion to DS 16.

1005. 1005 “One Answer to a Question: Changes,” broadcast as part of the Voice of America Forum Lectures in 1964; first printed as “One Answer to a Question,” Shenandoah 17.1 (Autumn 1965), FP 323–331.

1006. 1006 These lines are close to lines 10–13 of DS 80.

1007. 1007 Vivian Cienfuegos, a student at California State College (thereafter California State University), cared for JB after his collapse near Los Angeles that spring; Robert Deutsch was a professor in the English department at California State.

1008. 1008 Günter Grass, The Tin Drum (1959).

1009. 1009 DS 93.

1010. 1010 “Neither Here nor There,” New York Times Book Review (31 May 1964), a review of George P. Elliott’s essay collection A Piece of Lettuce.

1011. 1011 J. V. Cunningham (1911–1985), poet.

1012. 1012 The English reprint of 77 Dream Songs appeared in November 1964.

1013. 1013 On April 15, Fitts wrote in praise of JB’s “absolutely faultless ear.” Fitts’s From the Greek Anthology: Poems in English Paraphrase was published in 1957.

1014. 1014 What became DS 93, the uncollected “Henry’s Pencils,” and DS 97.

1015. 1015 Anonymous review of 77 Dream Songs, Kirkus Reviews (15 March 1964).

1016. 1016 David Posner (1921–1885) was curator of the Poetry Collection at SUNY Buffalo.

1017. 1017 Felicia Geffen (1903–1995), director of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

1018. 1018 “Three Dream Songs,” The Nation (25 May 1964).

1019. 1019 DS 15 quotes a story told to JB by Bellow; DS 53 also quotes Bellow.

1020. 1020 The three “hosp[ital] ones” are likely DS 92, 93, and 94; the fourth is DS 96.

1021. 1021 Adrienne Rich, “Mr. Bones, He Lives,” The Nation (25 May 1964).

1022. 1022 Lowell, “The Poetry of John Berryman,” The New York Review of Books (28 May 1964).

1023. 1023 Martin Friedman (1925–2016), director of the Walker Art Center in Minneapolis, and Mildred (“Mickey”) Friedman (1929–2014), curator.

1024. 1024 Dolly Guinther (b. 1929), publicity directory for Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

1025. 1025 Winters, “Three Poets,” The Hudson Review 1.3 (Autumn 1948).

1026. 1026 John K. Sherman (1898–1969) wrote about art, literature, and theatre for The Minneapolis Star.

1027. 1027 These brackets are JB’s.

1028. 1028 Loew’s State Theatre and the Capitol Theatre, both in New York City.

1029. 1029 Ames, Zen and American Thought (1962).

1030. 1030 Meredith’s 1964 translation of Apollinaire’s Alcools (1913).

1031. 1031 Meredith, The Wreck of the Thresher (1964) was reviewed alongside 77 Dream Songs in David Slavitt’s “Deep Soundings and Surface Noises,” Herald Tribune Book Week (10 May 1964).

1032. 1032 Bellow, The Last Analysis.

1033. 1033 Bellow, Herzog (Viking, 1964), 37.

1034. 1034 Summer Session II at UMN.

1035. 1035 Bernard Bowron (1914–1984), professor of English at UMN, and Charles Foster (1913–1995), director of the graduate program in English at UMN.

1036. 1036 Jarrell, “From the Kingdom of Necessity,” The Nation (18 January 1947).

1037. 1037 Regarding DS 97.

1038. 1038 What became DS 95, The Nation (25 January 1965).

1039. 1039 Brinnin, “The Last Minstrel,” New York Times Book Review (23 August 1964).

1040. 1040 Ralph Hodgson (1871–1962), English poet mentioned in DS 385.

1041. 1041 George Abbott White, then an undergraduate at the University of Michigan, had invited JB to read.

1042. 1042 Kay Meredith Keast, William Meredith’s sister.

1043. 1043 Frederick Seidel, “Berryman’s Dream Songs,” Poetry 105.4 (January 1965); M. L. Rosenthal, “The Couch and Poetic Insight,” The Reporter (25 March 1965).

1044. 1044 A project likely associated with the Soviet Peace Committee.

1045. 1045 Dmitri Shostakovich (1906–1975), Russian composer. Rockwell Kent (1882–1971), artist.

1046. 1046 “Idyl II,” first published in The Minneapolis Tribune (27 June 1965), was reprinted in Agenda 4.3–4 (Summer 1966).

1047. 1047 Regarding funds raised for JB to read in April 1966 at the University of Wisconsin.

1048. 1048 “Randall Jarrell, Poet, Killed by Car in Carolina,” The New York Times (15 October 1965).

1049. 1049 Jarrell, The Lost World (1965).

1050. 1050 Fitzgerald’s “A Nativity for 1965” begins “Regard this jewel case in deadly light.”

1051. 1051 JB’s “Season’s Greetings, 1965” card printed “Christ-Song: Carpenter’s Son” and “The Last Dream Song: 161,” which became DS 234 and DS 385.

1052. 1052 Likely Rago, “T. S. Eliot: A Memoir and A Tribute,” Poetry 105 (March 1965).

1053. 1053 Denis Devlin (1908–1959), Irish poet and diplomat.

1054. 1054 Berndt, “The Dream Songs of John Berryman” (1970), MA thesis at East Tennessee State University.

1055. 1055 Meredith, “Henry Tasting All the Secret Bits of Life: Berryman’s Dream Songs,” Wisconsin Studies in Contemporary Literature 6.1 (Winter–Spring 1965).

1056. 1056 JB may refer to the Irish actor Arthur Shields (1896–1970).

1057. 1057 Thomas Kinsella (b. 1928), Irish poet.

1058. 1058 His Toy, His Dream, His Rest (1968).

1059. 1059 Rich’s “E” in Albert Gelpi, Emily Dickinson: The Mind of the Poet (1965).

1060. 1060 Stephen Berg and Robert Mezey, eds., Naked Poetry: Recent American Poetry in Open Forms (1969).

1061. 1061 David Bicknell Truman (1913–2003), dean of Columbia College in the 1960s.

1062. 1062 Mircea Eliade (1907–1984), Romanian scholar of religion and author of Patterns in Comparative Religion (1958).

1063. 1063 Gertrude C. Schwebell, trans., Huldigung für Mistress Bradstreet (1967).

1064. 1064 On 23 May 1966, Giroux writes to JB about an Italian version undertaken by Einaudi and Claudio Gorlier, but no records of this translation have been found; the first translation seems to be Sergio Perosa’s Omaggio a Mistress Bradstreet (1969).

1065. 1065 Michael di Capua, an editor at Farrar, Straus and Giroux; he worked on Randall Jarrell, 1914–1965 (1967), a collection of prose and poetry that included JB’s “On Poetry and the Age,” an essay entitled “Randall Jarrell,” and DS 90. “Randall Jarrell” was given at a memorial service for Jarrell, held at Yale on 28 February 1966.

1066. 1066 Ellen Kaplan was a student in JB’s classes at Brown.

1067. 1067 Jonas Dovydenas, a friend of Trueblood.

1068. 1068 Joy Roulston was a student at Bread Loaf in 1962.

1069. 1069 John Enck (1921–1966), professor at the University of Wisconsin.

1070. 1070 Berryman’s Sonnets (1967).

1071. 1071 DS 146–159 respond to Schwartz’s death.

1072. 1072 What became DS 78, 79, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, and 90, The Times Literary Supplement (1 December 1966).

1073. 1073 Adrienne Rich, Necessities of Life: Poems 1962–1965 (1966).

1074. 1074 Stuart A. Davis, “John Berryman” I and II, The Crimson (12 April and 13 April 1966).

1075. 1075 According to JB’s “Author’s Note,” DS 286 and 315 are dedicated to Trueblood; 296 is addressed to her, and she is also mentioned in DS 94, 113, 304, 316, and 318.

1076. 1076 Giroux had been unable to secure leave to act as best man at JB’s marriage to Eileen Mulligan.

1077. 1077 Rohn Engh (1929–2014), photographer.

1078. 1078 Elizabeth Kray (1916–1987), director of the Academy of American Poets.

1079. 1079 DS 295 is dedicated to Maris Thomes.

1080. 1080 The remainder of this sentence is illegible.

1081. 1081 DS 84.

1082. 1082 “By-blow” and “adoptive-up,” DS 80.

1083. 1083 The “wronging tide” in the published version of DS 172, which also refers to “orphaned children.”

1084. 1084 An early version of Rich’s “The Demon Lover,” New York Review of Books (17 November 1966), later revised for Leaflets: Poems 1965–1968 (1969).

1085. 1085 JB wrote a review of Questions of Travel, but by late October 1966, Silvers assumed he was unwilling to revise it.

1086. 1086 Bishop, “Visits to St. Elizabeths”; Plath, “Daddy,” in “The Blood Jet is Poetry,” Time (10 June 1966).

1087. 1087 What became DS 80, 81, 82, and 83 were published as “Four Dream Songs,” The New York Review of Books (15 December 1966).

1088. 1088 Cecelia Holland (b. 1943), novelist who met Meredith when she was an undergraduate at Connecticut College.

1089. 1089 Louise Bogan (1897–1970), poet.

1090. 1090 Ted Hughes (1930–1998), English poet whose first book was The Hawk in the Rain (1957).

1091. 1091 DS 371 is titled “Henry’s Guilt.”

1092. 1092 Stewart L. Udall (1920–2010), then Secretary of the Interior, and Ermalee Udall (1922–2001). Poet Yevgeny Yevtushenko (1933–2017) and translator Galina Semyonovna Yevtushenko (1928?–2013?).

1093. 1093 Vladimir Mayakovsky (1893–1930), Russian poet.

1094. 1094 Andrei Voznesensky (1933–2010), Russian poet.

1095. 1095 The Irish political activists Wolfe Tone (1763–1798), Patrick Pearse (1879–1916), James Connolly (1868–1916), and Roger Casement.

1096. 1096 DS 385.

1097. 1097 Wesley First, director of University Relations at Columbia. “Three and a Half Years at Columbia,” in First, ed., University on the Heights (1969).

1098. 1098 “Near the Ocean,” the first sonnet in “The Ruins of Time,” and “Waking Early Sunday Morning,” from Lowell’s Near the Ocean (1967).

1099. 1099 Regarding Short Poems (1967).

1100. 1100 Kessler, A Road Came Once (1963).

1101. 1101 Hoagland, Notes from the Century Before: A Journal from British Columbia (1969), likely the “book” discussed in the beginning of this letter.

1102. 1102 On 31 December, JB had asked Meredith for his opinion of His Toy, His Dream, His Rest.

1103. 1103 DS 126.

1104. 1104 The published DS 154 includes names, not initials.

1105. 1105 DS 154 and 155 both refer to Schwartz’s having taken a taxi to visit JB.

1106. 1106 DS 382, likely the enclosed “new” DS.

1107. 1107 Leslie Fiedler (1917–2003), literary critic and professor at Buffalo.

1108. 1108 Hoagland, “The Colonel’s Power,” New American Review 2 (January 1968).

1109. 1109 Keith Fort (c. 1933–2004), professor of English at Georgetown University.

1110. 1110 “An Interview with John Berryman,” Harvard Advocate 103.1 (Spring 1969).

1111. 1111 Ian Hamilton (1938–2001), literary critic; author of “John Berryman,” London Magazine 4 (February 1965).

1112. 1112 Jane Howard, “Whisky & ink, whisky & ink,” Life (21 July 1967).

1113. 1113 Norman Brown, Life Against Death: The Psychoanalytical Meaning of History (1959).

1114. 1114 Helen Vendler, “Savage, Rueful, Irrepressible Henry,” New York Times Book Review (3 November 1968).

1115. 1115 Meredith was preparing “A Bright Surviving Actual Scene: Berryman’s Sonnets,” Harvard Advocate 103.1 (Spring 1969).

1116. 1116 “Lies” is the fictional name of a friend in The Diary of a Young Girl.

1117. 1117 George Meredith (1828–1909), English novelist and poet; JB has in mind the sixteen-line sonnets of Modern Love (1862) and Hopkins’s long sonnets.

1118. 1118 JB refers to and quotes from the sequence titled “Long Summer,” in Lowell’s Notebook 1967–68 (1969); the sonnets mentioned later in the letter are also from Notebook 1967–68.

1119. 1119 Rich’s Leaflets included “Night in the Kitchen,” “The Demon Lover,” “The Observer,” and “Ghazals,” the sequence that concludes the book.

1120. 1120 Jean Valentine (b. 1934), poet.

1121. 1121 Alfred Conrad (1924–1970), professor of economics at City College, CUNY.

1122. 1122 Maggie Staats, a writer then in a relationship with Bellow; Von Humboldt Fleischer, the protagonist of Humboldt’s Gift (1975).

1123. 1123 Shreela Ray (1942–1990), poet.

1124. 1124 Meredith’s “poem about Frost” is “In Memory of Robert Frost,” collected in Earth Walk (1970).

1125. 1125 “Rembrandt van Rijn obit 8 October 1669,” HF 41.

1126. 1126 Meredith’s review of Lowell’s Notebook 1967–68, in The New York Times (15 June 1969).

1127. 1127 Ann Winslow, ed., Trial Balances: An Anthology of New Poetry (1935).

1128. 1128 Ames, “Vachel Lindsay—or, My Heart Is a Kicking Horse,” Midway: A Magazine of Discovery in the Arts and Sciences 8 (Spring 1968).

1129. 1129 “Washington in Love,” in Delusions, Etc. (1972); CP 235–36.

1130. 1130 Wilbur, “Poetry and Happiness,” Shenandoah 20.4 (Summer 1969).

1131. 1131 Wilbur, Walking to Sleep: New Poems and Translations (1969).

1132. 1132 George C. Vaillant, Aztecs of Mexico: Origin, Rise and Fall of the Aztec Nation (1941); Lawrence, The Plumed Serpent (1926); likely James Norman’s revised 1965 edition of Thomas Philip Terry, Terry’s Guide to Mexico.

1133. 1133 The Freedom of the Poet (1976).

1134. 1134 Georg Groddeck (1866–1934), doctor and analyst.

1135. 1135 Robert Graves, The White Goddess: a Historical Grammar of Poetic Myth (1948).

1136. 1136 Arthur Powell Davies, The First Christian: A Study of St. Paul and Christian Origins (1957).

1137. 1137 Werner Jaeger, Early Christianity and Greek Paideia (1961); Mary Moorman, William Wordsworth: A Biography, Vols. 1 and 2 (first published 1957 and 1965); John Russell Brown and Bernard Harris, eds., Early Shakespeare (1961); an unidentified Arden edition of Shakespeare’s Sonnets; Cecil John Cadoux, The Life of Jesus (1948); George Santayana, The Idea of Christ in the Gospels, or God in Man (1946); Georg Groddeck, The Book of the It (first trans. 1928); D. H. Lawrence, The White Peacock (1911).

1138. 1138 William Cecil (1st Baron Burghley), Francis Walsingham, and Robert Cecil, advisors to Elizabeth I.

1139. 1139 JB lists these future or potential requests on his carbon: Louis MacNeice, trans. Faust (1951); Plath, Ariel (1965); The Way of a Pilgrim, trans. R. M. French (1931); G. B. Harrison, Shakespeare at Work, 1592–1603 (1933); T. W. Baldwin, The Organization and Personnel of the Shakespearean Company (1927); Browning, Poetry and Prose, ed. Simon Nowell-Smith (1951); Johnson, Poetry and Prose, ed. Mona Wilson (1967); Constantine Fitzgibbon, The Life of Dylan Thomas (1965); George Thomson, Aeschylus and Athens: A Study in the Social Origins of Drama (1916); Lawrance Thompson, Robert Frost: The Early Years, 1874–1915 (1966).

1140. 1140 JB encloses five drafts from the first section of Love & Fame (1970).

1141. 1141 For the recipients of Love & Fame, see the 25 March 1970 letter to Giroux.

1142. 1142 F. D. Reeve (1928–2013), writer.

1143. 1143 “Beethoven Triumphant,” in Delusions, Etc., CP 236–242.

1144. 1144 John C. Farrar (1896–1974), publisher.

1145. 1145 “Her & It,” “The Heroes,” “The Other Cambridge,” “Meeting,” “Tea,” and “Heaven,” The Times Literary Supplement (16 July 1940). CP 169; 184–185; 192–193; 197–198; 198–199; 212–213.

1146. 1146 Gerard Manley Hopkins, “Duns Scotus’s Oxford.”

1147. 1147 The Dream Songs (1969).

1148. 1148 “Henry’s Understanding,” “Henry by Night,” and “Apollo 8,” The Harvard Advocate 103.1 (Spring 1969). For the first two, CP 255–256; for the last, HF 36.

1149. 1149 DS 266.

1150. 1150 William J. Martz, John Berryman (1969).

1151. 1151 Patricia Ann Brenner, a PhD student at Kent State University; her dissertation, John Berryman’s Dream Songs: Manner and Matter (1970), is unpublished.

1152. 1152 “Death Ballad,” CP 209–210.

1153. 1153 Howard, Please Touch: A Guided Tour of the Human Potential Movement (1970).

1154. 1154 Fritz Perls (1893–1970), psychiatrist and founder of Gestalt therapy.

1155. 1155 Meredith, “In Memory of Robert Frost,” Shenandoah 21.3 (Spring 1970).

1156. 1156 “The Hell Poem” and “Olympus,” The Atlantic (November 1970). CP 208–209 and 179–180.

1157. 1157 In a 25 June letter, Giroux mentioned that the publication date of Love & Fame would make it impossible for The New Yorker to publish “Death Ballad,” but the poem did appear there, on 25 July 1970 (NYPL, TS).

1158. 1158 Locations, a short-lived journal edited by Bellow, Keith Botsford, Thomas B. Hess, and Harold Rosenberg.

1159. 1159 “Message,” CP 200–201; “Of Suicide,” CP 206.

1160. 1160 Ève Curie, Madame Curie (1937).

1161. 1161 JB may have in mind Van Doren’s remarks on “Brahma” in Enjoying Poetry (1951).

1162. 1162 On the back of the envelope, JB has written “No, now it’s ‘The Blue Book of Poetry with some critical notes.’ How’s that strike you?”

1163. 1163 DS 173 is dedicated to Blackmur; he is also mentioned in DS 210.

1164. 1164 “To B—E—” (omitted from the second edition of Love & Fame) and “The Search” appeared in Stand (Fall 1970); for the latter, see CP 199–200.

1165. 1165 Silkin, “Death of a Son (who died in a mental hospital aged one),” The Peaceable Kingdom (1954).

1166. 1166 Meredith, Earth Walk (1970).

1167. 1167 Dickey, “Root-Light, or the Lawyer’s Daughter,” first published in The New Yorker (8 November 1969). Dickey appeared on The Dick Cavett Show in July 1970.

1168. 1168 Fitzgerald, trans., The Iliad (1974).

1169. 1169 Richmond Lattimore, trans., The Iliad of Homer (1951).

1170. 1170 Selected Poems, 1938–1968 (1972).

1171. 1171 A preprint of “Regents’ Professor Berryman’s Crack on Race,” with handwritten edits; the poem was cut from the second edition of Love & Fame.

1172. 1172 René Huyghe, Watteau (1968); J. M. Cohen, ed., The Penguin Book of Spanish Verse (1956); Brian Woledge, ed., The Penguin Book of French Verse, Vol. 1: To the Fifteenth Century, and Anthony Hartley, ed. Vol 3: The Nineteenth Century (1961); Dimitri Obolensky, ed., The Penguin Book of Russian Verse (1962); William Empson, The Structure of Complex Words (1951); Sylvia Plath, Ariel (1965); Ted Hughes, Wodwo (1967); F. A. C. Wilson, W. B. Yeats and Tradition (1958); Jon Stallworthy, ed., Yeats: Last Poems (1968); Charles Dickens, Great Expectations, from the New Oxford Illustrated Dickens series (1953); Ferdinand Anton, Ancient Mexican Art (1969); D. J. Palmer, ed., Shakespeare: The Tempest (1968); Frank Kermode, Shakespeare: King Lear (1969); Plotinus, The Enneads, trans. Stephen MacKenna (first published 1917–1930; rev. B. S. Page, 1952); Johan Huizinga, Homo Ludens (1938; trans. 1949); E. C. Pettet, Shakespeare and the Romance Tradition (1949); Conny Nelson, ed., Homer’s Odyssey: A Critical Handbook (1969).

1173. 1173 Ryan, Ledges (1970).

1174. 1174 Ryan, “Winter in Minneapolis,” later published in Ravenswood (1973). JB, “Mpls, Mother,” HF 59–61.

1175. 1175 Meredith, “A Mild-Spoken Citizen Finally Writes to the White House,” The Saturday Review (27 November 1971).

1176. 1176 “Five Addresses to the Lord” (part of what became “Eleven Addresses to the Lord”), Saturday Review (26 September 1970); “A Prayer for the Self,” Harper’s Magazine (October 1970). CP 215–221, 219–221.

1177. 1177 Alfred Conrad died by suicide on 18 October.

1178. 1178 This message was likely not mailed until mid-November; see the next letter to Paul Berryman, dated “Tues. noon” [10? November 1970].

1179. 1179 Hayden Carruth, “Love, Art, and Money,” The Nation (2 November 1970).

1180. 1180 JB’s edition of Herzog was the Viking Press one of 1964.

1181. 1181 An abbreviation for “Unconscious.”

1182. 1182 Eileen Simpson married Robert Simpson in 1960.

1183. 1183 JB may refer to Eileen Berryman, “The Treatment of Adolescents—Effecting the Transference,” American Journal of Psychotherapy 14.2 (April 1960).

1184. 1184 Robert Jefferson Berryman’s daughter, Shelby Berryman O’Brien.

1185. 1185 Robert Jefferson Berryman had married Rose Burrell in 1969.

1186. 1186 “Your Birthday in Wisconsin You Are 140,” in Delusions, Etc.; CP 242.

1187. 1187 JB’s reply to Carruth’s review was published in The Nation (25 November 1970).

1188. 1188 Dickey, Deliverance (1970); Bellow, Mr. Sammler’s Planet (1970).

1189. 1189 “Ecce Homo,” The New Yorker (10 April 1971); CP 251–252.

1190. 1190 “The Form,” Esquire (May 1971); CP 250–251. Dickey, “The Being,” Poetry 102.5 (August 1963).

1191. 1191 William Pritchard, “Poems to be understood, you understand,” The New York Times (24 January 1971).

1192. 1192 Robert Creeley (1926–2005), mentioned in “In & Out” in Love & Fame, CP 182–184. At Columbia, JB had been given a C grade by Emery Neff, an incident mentioned in “Crisis,” CP 185–187.

1193. 1193 F. D. Reeve, “On Love & Fame,” Intellectual Digest 3 (December 1972).

1194. 1194 “Opus Dei” in Delusions, Etc., CP 225–234. “Che,” HF 62–63.

1195. 1195 “Two Poems” (1970), privately printed; the message on the title page was: “Season’s Greetings, 1970 / from / Martha and Kate and John / and Bob Giroux.” The two poems printed are “In Memoriam (1914–1953),” CP 243–245, and “Another New Year’s Eve.”

1196. 1196 Allen Ginsberg (1926–1997), poet; Vladimir Nabokov (1899–1977), novelist; Pablo Neruda (1904–1973), poet.

1197. 1197 Alvarez, “The Art of Suicide,” Partisan Review 37.3 (Summer 1970).

1198. 1198 Émile Durkheim (1858–1917), French sociologist; author of Suicide (1897).

1199. 1199 R. C. Bald, John Donne: A Life (1970); George Marek, Beethoven: Biography of a Genius (1969); Harold Osborne, ed. The Oxford Companion to Art (1970); Kingsley Amis, The Green Man (1969); Hermann Hesse, The Glass Bead Game, trans. Richard and Clara Winston (1969); David Horowitz, Shakespeare: An Existential View (1965); W. H. Auden and John Garrett, eds., The Poet’s Tongue: An Anthology of Verse (1938); Pascal, Oeuvres Completes, the 1954 Bibliothèque de la Pléiade edition; H. W. Parke, Greek Oracles (1967); Juan Leal, ed., Novum Testamentum Domini Nostri Iesu Christi (1960); Jean Steinmann, St Jerome and His Times, trans. Ronald Matthews (1959); Alfred Leaney, A Commentary on the Gospel According to St. Luke (1966 ed.); Edmund Leach, Claude Lévi-Strauss (1970); George Steiner, The Death of Tragedy (1961); Cecil Bowra, Primitive Song (1962); Eric G. Jay, Origen’s Treatise on Prayer (1954); Peter Brown, Augustine of Hippo: A Biography (1967); Romano Guardini, Prayer in Practice (1957); Michael Hamburger and Christopher Middleton, eds., Modern German Poetry 1910–1960: An Anthology with Verse Translations (1962); Arthur Llewellyn Basham, The Wonder That Was India (1954); Sheila Kitzinger, The Experience of Childbirth (1962); Åke Wallenquist, The Penguin Dictionary of Astronomy (1968); Anthony Conran, ed., The Penguin Book of Welsh Verse (1967). A. R. Davis, ed., The Penguin Book of Chinese Verse (1962); Geoffrey Bownas and Anthony Thwaite, trans. and eds., The Penguin Book of Japanese Verse (1964); Peter Blake, Frank Lloyd Wright: Architecture and Space (1960); Herbert Marcuse, Eros and Civilization: A Philosophical Inquiry into Freud (1955); Francis Murphy, ed. Walt Whitman: A Critical Anthology (1969); James Reeves and Seán Haldane, eds., Homage to Trumbull Stickney: Poems (1968).

1200. 1200 As with earlier letters to bookshops, the handwritten notes on this carbon (some of which are in pencil) are JB’s notes to himself.

1201. 1201 Moers’s talk was eventually published as “The American Muse,” Harvard Magazine 81 (January–February, 1979).

1202. 1202 As JB notes in Stephen Crane: A Critical Biography, Crane disliked Stevenson’s fiction.

1203. 1203 Melanie Klein (1882–1960), psychoanalyst.

1204. 1204 Otto Rank (1884–1939), Austrian psychoanalyst.

1205. 1205 Erik Erikson (1902–1994), German-American psychoanalyst.

1206. 1206 Peter Stitt, “John Berryman, The Art of Poetry No. 16,” The Paris Review issue 53 (Winter 1972).

1207. 1207 James Wright, “A Secret Gratitude,” The New Yorker (27 March 1971).

1208. 1208 It is unclear whether a comma or a period comes after “morning.”

1209. 1209 Donald Dike and David Zucker, eds., Selected Essays of Delmore Schwartz (1970).

1210. 1210 Lancelot Andrewes, sermon preached on Easter at Whitehall, 16 April 1609.

1211. 1211 “Ecce Homo.”

1212. 1212 Federal funding for the SST, a supersonic transport aircraft, was canceled in the spring of 1971. John W. Gardner founded the public interest group Common Cause.

1213. 1213 This letter is written on a typescript of “King David Dances,” CP 263–264.

1214. 1214 William Pritchard, “Shags and Poets,” The Hudson Review 23.3 (Autumn 1970), which discusses Meredith’s Earth Walk.

1215. 1215 Garech Browne (1939–2018), founder of Claddagh Records.

1216. 1216 Francesca Maria Steele, The Life and Visions of St Hildegarde (1914); Steinmann, St Jerome and His Times; E. K. Chambers, Shakespearian Gleanings (1944); Alfred Hart, Shakespeare and the Homilies and Other Pieces of Research into the Elizabethan Drama (1934); William W. Lawrence, Shakespeare’s Problem Comedies (1931); James Hastings, Encyclopædia of Religion and Ethics (1908–1927); Joseph Needham, ed., the Science and Civilisation in China series (begun 1954); the most recent selection of Lancelot Andrewes’s Sermons was by G. M. Story (1967); Anders, Shakespeare’s Books (1904); Lewis Theobald, Double Falsehood (1727); Samuel Johnson, Lives of the Poets, ed. George Birkbeck Hill (1905); James Ackerman, The Architecture of Michelangelo (1961); Bede, History of the English Church and People, trans. Leo Sherley-Price (1955); Clifton Wolters, trans., The Cloud of Unknowing (1961); Maxwell Staniforth, trans., Early Christian Writings: The Apostolic Fathers (1968); Nancy Sandars, trans., The Epic of Gilgamesh (1960); Julian of Norwich, Revelations of Divine Love, trans. Clifton Wolters (1966); Frederick Crossfield Happold, Mysticism: A Study and an Anthology (1963); James Leslie Houlden, Paul’s Letters from Prison (1970); Henry Chadwick, The Early Church (1967); Richard William Southern, Western Society and the Church in the Middle Ages (1970); Larkin, The Whitsun Weddings (1964).

1217. 1217 Recovery (1973).

1218. 1218 Among Eileen Simpson’s publications were two articles on “Psychoanalysis in Paris Today”: “I. The Psychotherapeutic Milieu” and “Some Observations on Psychoanalysis in Paris Today, II,” both in American Journal of Psychotherapy (January 1967 and April 1967).

1219. 1219 Lowell, “The Poetry of John Berryman.”

1220. 1220 Georges Boudaille, Gustave Courbet: Painter in Protest (1969); Wayne Andersen, Gauguin’s Paradise Lost (1971).

1221. 1221 Van Wyck Brooks, trans., Paul Gauguin’s Intimate Journals (1936).

1222. 1222 William Colston Leigh (1901–1992), founder of the speakers agency W. Colston Leigh, Inc.

1223. 1223 Linda T. Lombardo, then a student at Georgetown, attended the Iowa Writers’ Workshop; see “Sadeyes’ Relationship with Heaven” and “Sadeyes Thinks of Chicago” in Three Sisters, 1–2 (1971).

1224. 1224 Gayl Jones (b. 1949), novelist and poet, then in her last year at Connecticut College; her early stories included “The Welfare Check,” Essence (October 1970); “The Return: A Fantasy,” Amistad 2 (1971); and “The Roundhouse,” Panache 7 (1971).

1225. 1225 Donald and Jean Justice.

1226. 1226 Empson, The Structure of Complex Words (1951); James A. H. Murray, A New English Dictionary (1888); Logan Pearsall Smith, Words and Idioms: Studies in the English Language (1933 ed.); W. W. Skeat, An Etymological Dictionary of the English Language (first published 1882).

1227. 1227 The three poems mentioned are likely “Old Man Goes South Again Alone,” “How Do You Do, Dr Berryman, Sir?,” and “King David Dances,” all included in Delusions, Etc.: CP 248, CP 262, CP 263–264.

1228. 1228 Harry Girvetz and Ralph Ross, eds., Literature and the Arts: The Moral Issues (1971).

1229. 1229 Miguel de Unamuno, Abel Sánchez: The History of a Passion (1917); Eric Berne, Games People Play: The Psychology of Human Relationships (1964).

1230. 1230 Charlotte Corday (1768–1793), assassin of Jean-Paul Marat.

1231. 1231 Tracy Doll (1897–1970), union leader mentioned in “Boston Common,” CP 45.

1232. 1232 Edgar Snow (1905–1972), journalist and author of Red Star Over China (1937); Deng Fa (1906–1946), involved in security for the Chinese Communist Party.

1233. 1233 See “At Chinese Checkers,” CP 27.

1234. 1234 Simonetta Vespucci (c.1453–1476), noblewoman said to have modeled for Botticelli.

1235. 1235 “They Have,” first published in His Thought Made Pockets & The Plane Buckt, CP 153–154.

1236. 1236 The Shakespeare critics Elmer Edgar Stoll (1874–1959) and A. C. Bradley (1851–1935).

1237. 1237 JB may refer to Wilson’s “A. E. Housman: The Voice, Sent Forth, Can Never Be Recalled,” The New Republic (29 September 1937).

1238. 1238 Erikson, Young Man Luther: A Study in Psychoanalysis and History (1958) and Gandhi’s Truth: On the Origins of Militant Nonviolence (1969).

1239. 1239 Gerhard Weiss (1926–2019), associate dean, and E. W. Ziebarth (1910–2001), dean of the College of Liberal Arts at UMN.

1240. 1240 “The Freedom of the Don,” FP 144–158; “The Development of Anne Frank,” FP 91–106.

1241. 1241 Herbert Feigl (1902–1988), professor of philosophy at UMN.

1242. 1242 Rauenhorst was a member of the Board of Regents at UMN; William G. Shepherd was vice president of Academic Administration; Mulford Sibley was a professor of political science.

1243. 1243 Likely Frederick Hartt, Florentine Art Under Fire (1949).

1244. 1244 Robin Fox, ed., The Law and the Prophets (1971).

1245. 1245 The reference is uncertain; possibly J. Russell Harper, Paul Kane’s Frontier (1971) or Leon Anthony Arkus, John Kane, Painter (1971).

1246. 1246 André Malraux, Saturn: An Essay on Goya (1957).

1247. 1247 Geoffrey Grigson, “Southern Gentleman of Letters,” The Times Literary Supplement (19 March 1971); Aiken, “Allen Tate,” a letter and a response from Grigson (9 April 1971); JB’s letter was published on 30 July 1971.

1248. 1248 Gary Snyder (b. 1930), poet; James Tate (1943–2015), poet; Leroi Jones, later Amiri Baraka (1934–2014), poet.

1249. 1249 Stein, Three Lives (1909); Powers, “Lions, Harts, Leaping Does,” Accent 4.1 (Autumn 1943).

1250. 1250 Gerald Savory, George and Margaret (1937).

1251. 1251 Stacey B. Day (b. 1927), doctor who founded the Bell Museum of Pathology at UMN. Herman Feifel, The Meaning of Death (1959).

1252. 1252 For JB’s encounter with the Associated Press, see Haffenden, The Life of John Berryman, 349.

1253. 1253 Tate, “Ode to the Confederate Dead” (1928).

1254. 1254 “Eleven Addresses to the Lord,” in Love & Fame; CP 215–221.

1255. 1255 “King David Dances,” The New Yorker (19 February 1972).

1256. 1256 JB knew G. T. from Alcoholics Anonymous; this person’s name has been abbreviated here.

1257. 1257 An Alcoholics Anonymous publication.

1258. 1258 Hardwick, “On Sylvia Plath,” The New York Review of Books (12 August 1971).

1259. 1259 Likely “Tree in the Garden (Counterbody)” or “Questions of a Tree Man,” from Sarah Appleton’s Ladder of the World’s Joy (1977).

1260. 1260 Fitzgerald, Spring Shade: Poems, 1931–1970 (1971).

1261. 1261 Fitzgerald, “The Dream Songs,” The Harvard Advocate 103 (Spring 1969).

1262. 1262 “Homage to Mistress Bradstreet,” stanza 42.

1263. 1263 Fitzgerald, “Villon’s Ballade des Pendus,” in Spring Shade.

1264. 1264 Aurelia Bollinger Hodgson wrote to JB in July 1971, asking permission to print DS 385 in a centenary booklet for her husband; in October, she sent the booklet.

1265. 1265 Wright, “To a Dead Drunk,” The Hudson Review 23.1 (Spring 1970).

1266. 1266 Peter Stitt, “James Wright Knows Something about the Pure Clear Word,” New York Times Book Review (16 May 1971).

1267. 1267 DS 385 was quoted in Howard’s “Whisky & ink, whisky & ink.”

1268. 1268 Williams, ed., Immortal Poems of the English Language (1952).

1269. 1269 Hoagland, The Courage of Turtles (1971).

1270. 1270 Marion Magid Hoagland (1932–1993), managing editor at Commentary.