Index

À la Recherche du Temps Perdu (Proust)
Abraham
Abrahamic religion
Adam
Adams, Scott
Africanus, Sextus Julius
afterlife. See also Heaven; Hell
agnosticism: definition of a type of atheism not reasonable on the God question term invented by Huxley
alien abductions
Allah. See God
Allen, Woody
Ally, Shabir
Amityville haunting
Anatolia
angels dancing on the point of a needle
Angels of Mons
Anglo-Catholics
Annals of Imperial Rome (Tacitus)
anthropic coincidences. See Improbable Universe Argument
Antiquities of the Jews (Josephus)
Aquinas, Thomas
Arabia
archeology
Archeopteryx (reptile-bird transitional fossil)
Area
Arguments Against Existence of God. See Argument from Divine Hiddenness; Argument from (Vast) Evil; Argument from Nonbelief; Argument from Silence; Personhood and Omnipotence, Incompatibility of; Personhood and Timelessness, Incompatibility of; God, must be subject to prior natural law; spirit world, undetectability of
Arguments for existence of God. See Argument from Consciousness; Argument from Contingency; Cosmological Argument; Design Argument; First Cause Argument; The Five Ways; Improbable Universe Argument; Argument from Morality; Argument from Laws of Nature; Ontological Argument; Argument from Reason
Argument from Consciousness
Argument from Contingency
Argument from Divine Hiddenness
Argument from Hiddenness. See Argument from Divine Hiddenness
Argument from Laws of Nature
Argument from Morality
Argument from (Vast) Evil two forms of
Argument from Non-belief
Argument from Reason
Argument from Religious Experience
Argument from Silence
Aristophanes
Aristotle
Arius
Armageddon
Armstrong, Karen
Armstrong, Lance
Arnold, John
Asimov, Isaac
Assyria
atheism Christian closeted definition of disproof endemic at all times and places irresistibility of limited nature of simple common sense types of
Atheism Explained (Steele) inerrancy of mental events causing physical events physical events causing mental events
Athens
atrocities
Augustine of Hippo
Australia
Australopithecines (ape-human transitional fossils)
Ayala, Francisco
Ayer, A.J.

Bacon, Sir Francis
Baha’ism
Balthasar
Barry, Dave
Bartlett, Robert
Bartók, Béla
The Battle of Forever (novel by Van Vogt)
Beethoven, Ludwig van
belief, always involuntary
Benson, Herbert
Bermuda Triangle
Bethlehem
Beyond the Body (Blackmore)
Bible King James translation authors’ ignorance reliability as historical evidence See also inerrancy; inerrantism; Tanakh; New Testament
Big Bang
Black Death
Blackmore, Susan
Blessed Virgin, visions of
Boethius
Borley Rectory, haunting of
‘The Bowmen’ (story by Machen)
Brahms, Johannes
brain God’s
Branch Davidians
A Brief History of Time (Hawking)
Brown, Raymond E.
Bucaille, Maurice
Buddhism
Buffett, Warren
Bush, George W., administration of

Caesar, Augustus
Caesar, Caius Julius
Cairns-Smith, A.G.
Calvin, John
Camelot
Canada
carbon
Carneades
Carus, André W.
Carus, Paul
Caspar
catchword connections
cause: instantaneous with effect uncaused events God has no
Cephas (Peter)
China Chinese traditional religion
Christ. See Jesus
Christian Right
Christianity committed to literal bodily resurrection conversion of Constantine preaching to the entire world state terror in its behalf See also Jesus; New Testament; Trinity
2 Chronicles
The Chrysalids (novel by Wyndham)
church attendance effect on crime effect on happiness effect on health
Clans of the Alphane Moon (novel by Dick)
Clarke, Samuel
clinical trials versus epidemiological studies
Communism
compatibilism (of Free Will and determinism). See also determinism; Free Will
Comstock, George W.
Confucius (Kongzi)
Confucianism
consciousness
Constantine (Roman emperor)
contingency and necessity. See also Argument from Contingency
Cook, Michael
Cosmological Argument. See also Argument from Contingency; First Cause Argument; The Five Ways; Kalam Argument
Counterpart Defense to Argument from Evil
‘The Country of the Blind’ (story by Wells)
Craig, William Lane
Creationism Gap Theory Old Earth whether science Young Earth
Crimes and Misdemeanors
Crone, Patricia
cults
Cupitt, Don

Daniel
Dao
Daoism
Daodejing
dark matter
Darwin, Charles admiration for Paley discovery of evolution by natural selection on a monkey’s mind. See also Darwinism; natural selection
Darwinism objections to
Darwin’s Ghost (Jones)
Darwin’s Gift to Science and Religion (Ayala)
David (legendary king of Israel)
Davies, Brian
Dead Sea Scrolls
Death of God Theology
deism
Dembski, William A.
Democritus
demon possession
Dershowitz, Alan M.
Descartes, René
The Descent of Man (Darwin)
Design Argument
determinism
Deuteronomy
devas (godlings in Buddhist cosmology)
Devil
d’Holbach. See Holbach
Dialogues concerning Natural Religion (Hume)
Dick, Philip K.
The Divine Comedy (Dante)
Divine Command Theory of morality
DNA
Donner, Fred M.
Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan
Dune (novel by Herbert)
Dying to Live (Blackmore)

Edward, John
Egypt
The Egyptian Book of the Dead
Ehrman, Bart D.
Einstein, Albert
The End of Faith (Harris)
Epicurus
Extra-sensory perception (ESP). See telepathy
Evangelical Protestants
evil caused by bad decisions of our ancestors caused by evil spirits an illusion not confined to suffering counterpart of good natural opportunity for good required by natural laws evil outcomes from non-evil decisions Problem of
evolution by natural selection used by God to create
Exodus
Ezekiel

fairies
faith loss of reasonableness of unreasonableness of
Fall of humankind
Falun Gong
Fantastic Four
Finding Darwin’s God (Miller)
Fine-tuning. See Improbable Universe Argument
First Cause Argument
Fitzgerald, Edward
Fitzpatrick, Sonya
The Five Ways
Flat Earth
Flew, Antony
Flood, worldwide
The Food of the Gods (Wells)
fossils gaps in the record
Franco, Francisco
Free Will capacity, exercise, and scope distinguished and different characters and different circumstances defense to Argument from Evil existence of. See also determinism; Free Will Defense to Argument from Evil
Free Will Defense to Argument from Evil coercive intervention by God collectivization of free-willed beings different characters different circumstances guarantee of goodness natural evils persuasive intervention by God. See also Free Will
Freud, Sigmund
Fulmer, Gilbert. See also God, must be subject to prior natural law
fundamentalism

Galactus
Galileo Galilei
Gardner, Erle Stanley
Geach, Peter T.
genes for belief in God for Speaking in Tongues
Genesis
The Genesis Flood (Whitcomb and Morris)
Genetic Fallacy
Geneva
geology
ghosts. See also spirits
God belief in could easily make his existence known Creator eats a meal existence self-evident goodness of has Free Will gene for believing in greatest conceivable thing and Greek philosophy interest in humans hypothesis of immutable (unchanging) containing an infinite number of items limited must be subject to prior natural law may be known by different names necessary omnipotent omnipresent omniscient in super-time outside time personhood of pretending not to exist qualities of source of morality a spirit talks like a fortune cookie thoughts of as ultimate explanation unintelligibility of cannot be virtuous wants us to believe in his existence. See also Arguments Against Existence of God; Arguments for Existence of God; theism
The God Delusion (Dawkins)
The God Gene (Hamer)
God Is Not Great (Hitchens)
godlings
gods
God’s Debris (Adams)
Gordon, David
gravity
Greater Good Defense to Argument from Evil
Grim, Patrick
Guth, Alan (discoverer of cosmic inflation)

hallucinations
Hamlet (Shakespeare)
Hammurabi (Babylonisn king)
happiness of churchgoers
Hartshorne, Charles
Harvey, William
Haught, John
Hawking, Stephen
Heaton, Paul
Heaven
Hebrews. See also Jews
Hepburn, Katherine
Hell
Herod
Hindus
Hiss, Alger
The History of God (Armstrong)
Hitler, Adolf
Hobbes, Thomas
Hoffman, Dustin
Holbach, Paul-Henri Thiry, Baron d’
Holland
Holmes, Sherlock
Holocaust
Houdini, Harry
Hubbard, L. Ron
Hubble, Edwin
Hume, David (Scottish philosopher)
Huxley, T.H.

Ibn Hisham
Ibn Ishaq
Identity Principle
Ignorance, Defense from, to Argument from Evil
Iliad (Homer)
immortality. See afterlife
Improbable Universe Argument objections to
incoherence distinguished from meaninglessness of the God of classical theism
inerrancy as literal dictation from God as God’s protection against error puzzles about
inerrantism
infallibility, papal
infinity
Intelligent Design (ID)
Iraq
Iron Guard
irrationality
Irreducible Complexity distinct from Paley’s Argument
Isaac
Isaiah
Islam Islamdom

Jacob
Jains
James, the Lord’s brother
Japan
Jefferson, Thomas
Jensen, Gary
Jerome (around 342-420 C.E.)
Jerusalem destroyed in 70 C.E.
Jesus (Christ) contradictory genealogies historical evidence for described differently by Paul and the gospels seen as a king predictions of return the Quran on
Jews. See also Judaism
Jibril (Arabic counterpart of Gabriel)
Jillette, Penn
jinns
Job
‘John’ (unknown author of The Gospel According to John)
John Paul II, Pope
John, The Gospel According to
Jonah
Jonas, Hans
Josephus, Flavius
Jourdain, Monsieur (Molière character)
Joyce, James
Juangzi
Judaism Kabbalistic tradition
Jude the Obscure (novel by Hardy)
Justinian (Byzantine emperor)

Kalam Argument
Kant, Immanuel
Kauffman, Stuart
Kennedy, John F.
Kenny, Anthony
Kierkegaard, Søren
King, Larry
1 Kings
Kirzner, Yitzchok
Kushner, Harold S.

La Haye, Timothy
Language, Truth, and Logic (Ayer)
Laozi
The Late Great Planet Earth (Lindsey)
The Laws (Plato)
laws of nature
Layson, Bob
Lear, King (Shakespeare character)
Left Behind (series of novels)
Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm
leprechauns
Lester, Jan C.
Leviticus
Lewis, C.S.
life, origin of
Linde, Andrei
Lindsey, Hal
Loch Ness Monster
LSD
Lucas, George
Lucifer. See Devil
Lucretius (Titus Lucretius Carus)
Lucy (fossil hominid)
‘Luke’ (unknown author of The Gospel According to Luke)
Luke, The Gospel According to
Luria, Isaac ben Solomon
Luther, Martin

Machen, Arthur
Mackie, J.L.
magical thinking
Maimonides (Moshe ben Maimon)
Making Sense of Suffering (Kirzner)
Malcolm, Norman
mammoths
Mao Zedong
Marcel (narrator in À la Recherche du Temps Perdu)
‘Mark’ (unknown author of The Gospel According to Mark) ignorance of Palestine
Mark, The Gospel According to earliest canonical gospel Messianic Secret in
Martin, Michael
Marx, Karl H.
Mary (mother of Jesus)
Mason, Perry
The Matrix
‘Matthew’ (unknown author of The Gospel According to Matthew)
Matthew, The Gospel According to
McDonagh, David
McRae, Hector Stewart, of Dumfries
Mecca
medieval society: belief in God in religious persecution worse in sixteenth and seventeenth centuries
Medina
Melchior
Menander
Mencken, H.L.
mental events: identity with physical events caused by physical events in brains
metaverse
Meyerson, Emile
Mexico
middle knowledge
Mill, John Stuart
Miller, Kenneth R.
Miller, Stanley
mind-brain identity
miracles. See also Virgin Birth
Miyazaki, Hayao
Moby-Dick
Molina, Luis de (1535-1600)
monkey’s mind
Monty Python’s Flying Circus
Moral Freedom Defense (to Argument from Divine Hiddenness)
morality: evidence for God a natural feature of humans objectivity of
Morison, Frank
Mormon, Book of
Mormonism
Moses
Muffs, Yochanan
Muhammad earliest accounts of life
Murray, Michael J.
Muslims and suicide terrorism
Mussolini, Benito
mystical experience. See also religious experience.

Napoléon Bonaparte
National Socialism
Natural Evils, objection to Free Will Defense
natural laws. See laws of nature
natural selection of universes
Natural Theology (1802 book by Paley)
On the Nature of Things (Lucretius)
Nazareth
Near-death experiences
Nebuchadnezzar (Babylonian king)
necessity
Neo (Matrix character)
Neuroscience. See also brain
New Testament created by the Christian church
New Zealand
Newman, John Henry
Newton, Isaac
9/11 conspiracy stories
Nineteen Eighty-Four (Orwell)
The 1980s: Countdown to Armageddon (Lindsey)
Noah. See also Flood.
numbers, existence of apart from consciousness
Numbers, Ronald L.
Nunez (Wells character)

Ockham, William of
O’Leary-Hawthorne, John
Ontological Argument Hartshorne’s version of neo-Hegelian version of Malcolm’s version of
Opportunity for Good Defense to Argument from Evil
Origen (Christian writer, around C.E. 185-254)
Origin of Species (Darwin)
original sin
Orthodox Christians
Orwell, George
Oswald, Lee H.

pain. See suffering
Paine, Thomas
paleontology
Paley, William, Design Argument
panentheism
pantheism
paranormal
Pape, Robert
Parmenides
Pascal, Blaise Wager
Pasteur, Louis
Paul (New Testament writer) citations from letters traditionally attributed to
Paul, Gregory
Pegasus
Pentateuch. See Torah
Pentecostalism
perpetual motion machine
personhood of God. See God, personhood
Personhood and Omnipotence, Incompatibility of
Personhood and Timelessness, Incompatibility of
Peter (Cephas)
Peter of Cornwall
Pharoah
physicists, mostly atheists
pi, decimal expansion of
Pickover, Clifford A.
Pilate, Pontius
Pilgrim’s Progress (novel by Bunyan)
Plantinga, Alvin
Plato
Pliny the Younger
Plotinus
poltergeists
Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (Joyce)
prayer, ineffectiveness of
Presley, Elvis, appearances after death
Price, Harry
Principle of Sufficient Reason
Process Theology
proof burden of proving a negative
Protestants originally more intolerant than Catholics
Proust, Marcel
Psalms
psi. See also telepathy
Puin, Gerd-R.

Q (lost source for Matthew and Luke)
quantum physics quantum gravity
The Quest of the Historical Jesus (Schweitzer)
The Quran (Koran, Qu’rān) early variant readings incomprehensibility of garbled versions of Jewish and Christian stories scientific knowledge in silliness in
Quirinius (Roman governor of Syria)

Rain Man
Rand, Ayn
Reflectivism, parable of
Reichenbach, Bruce R.
reincarnation
religion and crime and health. See also church attendance
religious experience as a form of perception delusional interpretations of
repressed memories
Revelation
Rimbaud, Arthur
Roentgen, Wilhelm, discovery of x-rays
Roman Catholics
Rome
Romania
Ross, Jacob Joshua
The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam (Fitzgerald)
Russell, Bertrand
Russia. See Soviet Russia

Sargon (Akkadian king)
Sartre, Jean-Paul
Satan. See Devil
Satanic cults
Scandinavian countries
Schumann, Robert
Schweitzer, Albert
science definition of can investigate miracles and laws of nature natural and repeatable experiments social
scientists, mostly atheists
Scientology
séances
secularization in industrialized cultures
Septuagint (LXX)
Seventh-Day Adventism
Shestov, Lev
Shinto
sickle-cell anemia
Siegfried (Wagner)
Sikhism
simplicity, as a virtue in a theory
Simpson, O.J.
Singularity
sira
Sloan, Richard
Smith, Joseph (Mormon prophet)
Smith, Winston (Orwell character)
Smolin, Lee
Socrates
soul
Soviet Russia
Spain
specified complexity
Spirited Away (Miyazaki)
spirits near-death experiences as evidence of
spirit world, undetectability of
spiritualism
square circle
squaring the circle
Stalin, Josef
Stapledon, Olaf
Star Maker (Stapledon)
Star Wars
Stenger, Victor J.
STEP (Study of the Therapeutic Effects of Intercessory Prayer)
Stephen (first recorded Christian martyr)
Strobel, Lee
strong nuclear force
subjective well-being (SWB). See happiness
suffering
suicide
supernatural
Swinburne, Richard
Switzerland
synoptic gospels. See also Luke, Mark, Matthew
Syria
The System of Nature (Holbach)
Szasz, Thomas S.

Tacitus
Tailour, Thomas
Taking Leave of God (Cupitt)
talking animals: in the Tanakh in the Quran
Talmud, references to Jesus in
Tamil Tigers
Tanakh (Old Testament). See also 2 Chronicles, Daniel, Exodus, Genesis, IsaiahKings, Leviticus, Numbers, Psalms, Torah
teleological arguments. See Design Argument; Improbable Universe Argument
telepathy
Teller, R.J.
Ten Commandments
Ten Sayings. See Ten Commandments
terrorism
Tertullian (fourth-century Christian)
Thallus (Roman historian)
theism bad effects of classical Process reasons for world dominance
Theory of Everything
Thomas, disciple of Jesus
Thomism
Thor
The Tibetan Book of the Dead
Tibetan Buddhism
Tiktaalik (fish-reptile transitional fossil)
time beginning of infinite God outside undifferentiated super-time
Titanic, sinking of
Torah (Pentateuch)
Torquemada, Tomás de
Trinity
Twain, Mark

unbelief, three types of
Uncle Ben (character from Spider-Man)
Unintelligibility, Appeal to
unitarians
Unitarian Univeralists
universalists
universe ambiguity of term beginning of improbability of laws many universes without beginning or end

Valhalla
Van Inwagen, Peter
Van Vogt, A.E.
Verhoeven, Martin
verificationism
Virgin Birth of Jesus
Voltaire, François-Marie

Wagner, Richard
Wallace, Alfred Russel
Walton, Douglas
Wansbrough, John
Watson, John H., M.D. (Doyle character)
Wells, G.A.
Wells, H.G.
Whedon, Joss
When Bad Things Happen to Good People (Kushner)
Who Moved the Stone? (Morison)
Why God Won’t Go Away (Newberg, d’Aquili, and Rause)
Wilczek, Frank
William (king of England)
Wise Men (Magi, astrologers)
witchcraft
wu wei

Xerxes (Persian king)

Yahweh, tribal god of the Hebrews, . See also God

Zen Buddhism
Zeus
Zimmerman, Lisa M.
Zoroastrians
Zwingli, Ulrich