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The notes that follow are keyed to the text by page number and catch phrase. Unless shown, place of publication for works cited is New York. Abbreviations used are:
page 11
“Chilling atmosphere”: Corr., III, 69.
page 11
“Mother thought”: In Re, 33.
page 11
“What are you up to”: WWC’, III, 538–39, and IV, 267.
page 12
Oscar Wilde: Corr., III, 264; WWC, II, 288; Edwin Haviland Miller, “Amy H. Dow and Walt Whitman,” WWR, XIII, No. 3 (September 1967), 76.
page 12
Milnes: In Re, 36.
page 12
“I know I am restless”: CRE, 322.
page 13
“Visitor in life”: John Burroughs, Whitman, A Study, Boston, 1896, 27.
page 13
“He got offers”: In Re, 33. For George Whitman’s finances, see Jerome M. Loving, “The Estate of George Washington Whitman,” Bulletin of the Missouri Historical Society, XXXI, January 1975, 105–10. For WW’s finances, see Corr., VI, xi–xxxvi.
page 14
“She can beat the devil”: WWC, I, 332.
page 14
“Little old shanty”: Corr., III, 368.
page 14
Sued his estate: CWL, 32–33.
page 15
“Ram a needle”: WWC, IV, 282–83.
page 15
“Great tender mother-man”: Burroughs, quoted in Barrus, 339.
page 15
Young poet: Stuart Merrill, “Walt Whitman,” WWR, III, No. 4 (December 1957), 55–57.
page 16
“I have little doubt”: Burroughs, Whitman, A Study, Boston, 1896, 52–53.
page 16
The visual record: Gay Wilson Allen, “The Iconography of Walt Whitman,” in Edwin Haviland Miller, ed., The Ar tistic Legacy of Walt Whitman, 1970, 127–52.
page 16
Sartor Resartus: London, 1908, 17.
page 16
“I have just arrived”: WWC, I, 457–58.
page 17
Lost for years: John Johnston and J. W. Wallace, Visits to Walt Whitman . . . London, 1917, 157. Emerson’s letter is reproduced in facsimile in WWC, IV, following 152.
page 17
“I cannot be awake”: CRE, 652.
page 17
“will be also a master”: CPW, VI, 84.
page 17
“It is I you hold”: CRE, 505.
page 17
“The character you give me”: Corr., III, 266.
page 17
“The actual W.W.”: Corr., II, 170.
page 17
“Reserve and sadness”: Edward Carpenter, Days with Walt Whitman, 1906, 42–43.
page 18
“Trippers and askers”: CRE 32.
page 18
Secret personality: PW, II, 555.
page 19
“I have twice”: Corr., II, 276.
page 19
Burning some old manuscripts: WWC, I, 35.
page 19
“Not so much of a mess”: WWC, I, 155
page 20
“The most wayward”: PW, I, 1, 115–117.
page 20
“Here I sit gossiping”: PW, II, 712.
page 20
“We are of the opinion”: Oliver Stevens to Osgood & Co., Corr., III, 267n.
page 20
“The list whole & several”: Corr., III, 270.
page 20
“No book on earth”: Corr., III, 284.
“After continued personal ambition”: PW, II, 714.
page 21
“1 know very well”: PW, II, 718.
page 22
“A thick-skinned beast”: William Roscoe Thayer, “Personal Recollections of Walt Whitman,” Scribner’s Magazine, June 1919, 685.
page 22
“The messages”: CRE, 717, 729.
page 22
“I have not gain’d”: PW, II, 712.
page 22
“I don’t know”: WWC, III, 118.
page 22
Total income of $1,333: Con., VI, xvii.
page 22
Andrew Carnegie: Joseph O. Baylen and Robert B. Holland, “Whitman, W. T. Stead, and the Pall Mall Gazette,” AL, XXXIII, No. 1 (March 1961), 70.
page 23
“A quart of water”: WWC, I, 222.
page 23
“Let us be candid”: [E. C. Stedman], “Walt Whitman,” Scribner’s Monthly, XXXI, November 1880, 47.
page 23
“Probably no more”: PW, II, 713, 727, 730, 732.
page 24
“After the Supper and Talk”: CRE, 536.
page 24
“Did not burn it afterwards”: Richard B. Sewall, The Life of Emily Dickinson, 1974, II, 574.
page 24
“I do not expect”: Corr., IV, 66.
page 25
“Suit my wants and tastes”: Corr., IV, 102.
page 25
“It is a closed book”: WWC, V, 355.
page 25
“Hot—hot”: DBN, II, 362; Howard M. Cooper, Historical Sketch of Camden, N.J., Camden, N.J., 1909,62–63.
page 25
Gift of a horse and buggy: Thomas Donaldson, Walt Whitman, The Man, 1896, 173–182.
page 25
As Whitman liked to believe: Lewis E. Weeks, Jr., “Did Whittier Really Burn Whitman’s Leaves of Grass?” WWR, XXII, No. I March 1976), 22–29.
page 25
Holmes: Atlantic Monthly, LXVI (September 1890), 388–89; Donaldson, 177; John B. Pickard, ed., The letters of John Greenleaf Whittier, Cambridge, Mass., 1975, 507.
page 26
Whittier pointedly expressed: Pickard, III, 506–7.
page 26
“Solemn humbug”: M. A. De Wolfe Howe, ed., New Letters of James Russell lowell, 1932 115–16.
page 26
“I never read his book”: Thomas H. Johnson and Theodora Ward, eds., The Letters of Emily Dickinson, Cambridge, Mass., 1958, II, 404—5.
page 26
“Still living somewhere”: “Socrates in Camden, With A Look Round,” The Academy (London), Aug. 15, 1885.
page 27
Mark Twain: Donaldson, 180; Camden’s Compliment to Walt Whitman, Camden, N. J., 1889, 64–65; WWC, V, 229; Mark Twain’s Speeches, New York, 1923, 327; WWC, IV, 208; Corr., III, 176 PW, II, 576—77.
page 27
Vagaries of literary fame: Jay B. Hubbell. Who Are The Major American Writers? Durham, N. C, 1972, 65–70.
page 28
Burroughs noted: Barrus, 256.
page 28
“I bought a good horse”: PW, I, 287.
page 28
Bill Duckett: Duckett’s notes on these outings are in Feinberg Coll., LC.
page 29
“My Captain again”: WWC, III, 204, and IV, 392–93.
page 29
“Superficial yet profound”: Putnam’s
Monthly Magazine, VI, No. 33 (September 1855).
page 29
“Also in the audience”: MDW, Introduction, 40.
page 30
Whitman described: WW’s reading copy of the lecture is printed in MDW.
page 30
Merrill: see note for page 15 above (“Young poet”).
page 31
“Death to the spirit”: WWC, I, 62.
page 31
“Brighter and stronger”: Barrus, 264.
page 31
Noted in his daybook: DBN, II, 425.
page 31
“So you see”: Corr., IV, 166.
page 31
“More precious than gold”: WWC, I, 238–40.
page 32
“Where are you, Pete?”: WWC, I, 298.
page 32
Eddy Whitman: WWC, II, 66.
page 32
“He presses my hand”: Clara Barrus, ed. The Heart of Burroughs’ Journals, Boston, 1928, 152–53.
page 32
“For a song”: Corr., IV, 208.
CHAPTER 2 (pages 33–54)
page 33
“This head”: LG—1855, 29.
page 33
The proceedings: Corr., IV, 383, 390.
page 33
One celebrant: In Re, 315–16.
page 34
Horace Traubel: Peter Van Egmond, ed., Memoirs of Thomas B. Harned, Hartford, Conn., 1972, 26.
page 34
Elective son: WWC, I, 207, and IV, 186.
page 34
Richard Maurice Bucke: Man’s Moral Nature, 1879; “Twenty-Five Years Ago,” The Overland Monthly, I, No. 6 (June 1883), 553–60; Artem Lozynsky, Richard Maurice Bucke: Medical Mystic, Detroit, Mich., 1977; Artem Lozynsky, ed., The Letters of Dr. Richard Maurice Bucke to Walt Whitman, Detroit, 1977.
page 34
A Whitman Fellowship: The Bolton “college” is described in Johnston and Wallace, Visits; the “Men of Harlech” verses are in Corr., V, 230n.
page 34
William O’Connor: WWC, II, 114; Champion, passim; the Washington visit is recounted in WWC, IV, 452–63.
page 35
Kennedy: Barrus. 201; WWC, I, 166; Corr., V, 140n.
page 35
“He took off his coat”: WWC, I, 323.
page 36
“I am satisfied”: Lozynsky, Letters of Dr. Richard Maurice Burke . . . , 264.
page 37
“A thousand books”: In Re, 311.
page 38
“A picture of the world”: Bucke (1883), 178.
page 38
“My spirit”: CRE, 384.
page 38
Bucke estimated: “Portraits of Walt Whitman, ” New England Magazine, XX, March 1899, 33–50; see also Allen, as cited in note for page 16 above (“The visual record”).
page 38
“Out from behind”: CRE, 381—2. I have used the LG—1876 reading of these lines, as discussed in Harold W. Blodgett, “Whitman and the Linton Portrait, ” WWR, IV, No. 3 (September 1958), 90–92.
page 39
Thomas Eakins: Lincoln Kirstein, “Walt Whitman and Thomas Eakins, ” Aperture, 1972; Henry B. Rule, “Walt Whitman and Thomas Eakins, ” The Texas Quarterly, XVII, No. 4 (Winter 1974), 7–57.
“Mysterious” photograph: WWC, IV, passim, and V, passim; In Re, 33.
page 40
“How do you like that”: WWC, I, 276.
page 40
“So damned flamboyant”: WWC, II, 225.
page 41
“I don’t worship”: WWC, IV, 142; Huneker is quoted in Larzer Ziff, The American 1890s, 1966, 14; Barrus, 287; WWC, I, xvi.
page 41
“Some day”: WWC, II, 316, 360, 543.
page 42
Whitman insisted: WWC, II, 140, 364.
page 42
Hearty old scripture phrase: Bucke (1883), 23.
page 43
“I never knew”: Calamus, 25.
page 43
“As for dissipation”: In Re, 36.
page 43
“I have loved you”: WWC, I, 49–50.
page 43
“That last paragraph”: WWC, II, 425.
page 44
“In paths untrodden”: LG—1860, 341–42
page 45
Edward Carpenter: P. N. Furbank, E. M. Forster, 1978, I, 256&—57; WWC, I, 160.
page 45
Edmund Gosse: Phyllis Grosskurth, John Addington Symonds, London, 1964, 280–81; Corr., III, 384;WWC, I, 40.
page 45
Roden Noel: Grosskurth, 119; Corr., II, 162n.
page 45
Stoker, Stoddard: WWC, IV, 180–6; WWC, IV, 267–68.
page 45
Charles William Dalmon: Dalmon to WW, Sept. 27, 1888 (Feinberg Coll., LC).
page 45
John Addington Symonds: In Re, 302; Harold Blodgett, Walt Whitman in England, Ithaca, N.Y., 1934, 60; Grosskurth, passim.
page 45
“I desire”: Herbert M. Schneller and Robert L. Peters, eds., The Letters of John Addington Symonds, Detroit, Mich., 1968, II, 201–2.
page 46
“Perhaps I don’t know”: WWC, I 76–77.
page 46
Downright exasperated: Corr., V, 64.
page 46
“Things which have perplexed”: Corr., IV, 408n.
page 46
“In your conception”: Corr., V, 72n.
page 47
“Y’rs of Aug: 3d”: Corr., V, 72–73.
page 47
“It is obvious”: Symonds, Studies in Sexual Inversion, repr. 1964, 186.
page 47
The consensus: Barrus, 337–38.
page 48
“I know little”: quoted in Oral S. Coad, “Whitman as Parent, ” Journal of the Rutgers University Library, VII, No. I (December 1943), 31–32.
page 48
“My belief: Ellen O’Connor (Calder) to Edward Carpenter, Jan. 11, 1910, (Bayley Coll., Ohio Wesleyan University Library).
page 48
“Two deceased children”: Corr., V, 202–3.
page 49
“I asked him”: Bucke Collection auction catalogue, Anderson Galleries, New York, 1936, Number 307.
page 49
“Sort of deposition”: Traubel to Edward Carpenter, Dec. 27, 1901 (Bayley Coll., Ohio Wesleyan University Library).
page 49
“Whenever he gets”: WWC, IV, 30.
page 50
“I do not complain”: Corr., V, 225; WW’s transactions with the tomb builders are recorded in DBN, passim, and in their letters to him (Feinberg Coll., LC).
page 50
“That such a man”: quoted in R. A. Coleman, “Trowbridge and Whitman, ” PMLA, LXIII (March 1948), 269.
page 50
“Greatly rejoiced”: Corr., V, 265n.
page 50
“It is my intention”: Corr., V, 240; information from Irene A. Talarowski, Harleigh Cemetery, Nov. 18, 1974.
page 51
“Walt Whitman wishes”: Corr., V, 275n.
page 51
“Depress’d mounds”: PW, I, 6.
pages 52
“I bequeath”: CRE, 89.
page 52
Stark, elemental, and secure: “In February 1974 Professor Patrick D. Hazard, of Beaver College, Glenside, Penna., raised $700 to rehabilitate the vault, waterproof it, clean the discolored marble, and repair the broken concrete. The money was given to Mayor AngeloJ. Errchetti, of Camden, on April 3, which was proclaimed ‘Walt Whitman Day.’ ” The Long-Islander (Huntington, N. Y.), June 13, 1974, Sect, iii, 5.
page52
“Day by day”: Traubel to Buxton For-man, Jan. 4, 1891 (Berg Coll., New York Public Library).
page 52
“Invisible breeze”: PW, II, 674–75.
page 52
Now he lay: Elizabeth L. Keller, Walt Whitman in Mickle Street, 1921; Artem Lozynsky, “Whitman’s Death Bed, ” AL, XLVII, No. 1 (May 1975), 270–73; Daniel Longaker, “The Last Sickness and Death of Walt Whitman, ” In Re, 393–411; Josiah C. Trent, M. D., “Walt Whitman—A Case History, ” Surgery, Gynecology, and Obstetrics, LXXXVII, No. I(July 1948), 113–21.
page 53
“I think of you”: Corr., V, 277n
page 53
Last letter: Corr., V, 277.
page 53
“Red letter day”: Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, March 30, 1892.
page 53
Unusual service: Traubel, “At the Graveside of Walt Whitman, ” In Re, 437–52
page 54
Here was Walt: LG—1860, 312.
CHAPTER 3 (pages 55–73)
page 55
“I remember”: FCI, 46.
pages 56
“Two or three-score”: PW, I, 7.
pages 56
“The Whitmans”: Manuscript notes, Sept. 11–13, 1850, pub. Edward Grier, The Long-Islander (Huntington, N. Y.), Sept. 27, 1973.
pages 57
“Poor Tom Paine”: Moncure D. Conway, The Life of Thomas Paine, 1892, II, 422–23.
page 57
Frances Wright: Frances Trollope, Domestic Manners of the Americans, repr. 1949, 263; A Few Days in Athens, 1869, 13; WWC, II, 499–500.
page 58
“Quite innocent”: Odell Shepard, ed., The Journals of Bronson Alcott, Boston, 1938, 143.
page 58
“Bear my testimony”: WWC, I, 79–80.
page 58
Cobbett: A Year’s Residence in the United States of America (1819), repr. Carbon-dale, Ill., 1964, 195.
page 58
“It is very hard”: WWC, IV, 486, III, 450.
page 58
Once told Burroughs: Barrus, 254.
page 59
“First rate carpenter”: FCI, 47.
page 59
Sydney Smith: in Edinburgh Review, XXXIII (January-May, 1820), 79–80.
page 59
Emerson: “Historic Notes of Life and Letters in New England, ” in Mark Van Doren, ed., The Portable Emerson, 1946, 516.
page 60
Tocqueville: Democracy in America, 1945, II, 99.
page 60
“There was a child”: LG—1855, 90.
page 60
“I merely stir”: LG—1855, 32.
page 60
“Most profound theme”: PW, I, 258.
page 61
“I sometimes think”: An American Primer, Philadelphia, 1904, Foreword.
page 61
“Perfect writer”: DBN, III, 742.
page 61
“Eluding, fluid, beautiful”: DBN, III, 730, 733.
page 61
“I look”: CRE, 428 and PW, I, 10.
page 61
Recurrent dream: PW, I, 138–39.
page 62
Jesse, unstable, violent: Katherine Molinoff, Some Notes on Whitman’s Family, 1941.
page 62
“He was a very handsome”: PW, II, 693.
page 62
“Memorable vehemence”: Stovall, 19.
page 63
“What is yours”: CRE, 255.
page 63
“Young and middle age”: DBN, III, 658.
page 63
Louisa Whitman: WWC, II, 113, 214, 280; DBN, III, 658–59.
page 63
“Child who went forth”: CRE, 247.
page 64
Huntington township: for Long Island, Brooklyn, and New York, see: Robert H. Albion, The Rise of New York Port, 1970; Richard M. Bayles, Historical and Descriptive Sketches of Suffolk County, 1874, repr. 1962; Ralph Foster Weld, Brooklyn Village, 1816–1834, 1938; Rufus Rockwell Wilson, Historic Long Island, 1902.
page 64
“The child”: UPP, II, 292.
page 64
“Methodist elder”: WWC, I, 256.
page 65
“We occupied”: PW, I, 13.
page 65
“We moved”: “Family Record” (Berg Coll., New York Public Library).
page 65
Marquis de Lafayette: his 1824–1825 tour of the U. S. is studied in Fred Somkin, Unquiet Eagle: Memory and Desire in the Idea of American Freedom, 1815–1860, Ithaca, N. Y., 1967. Among WW’s many references to Lafayette’s Brooklyn visit are: UPP, II, 2–3, 256–57, 284–85; PW, I, I3;PW, II, 733.
page 66
“ ‘Our city’ ”: Aurora, 19.
page 67
“Moved to Adams st.”: “Family Record.”
page 67
Joseph Lancaster: Carlyle discusses the Lancastrian system in Signs of the Times (1829); Barbara Finkelstein, “Pedagogy as Intrusion, ” History of Childhood Quarterly, II, No. 3 (Winter 1975), esp. 356–75; Florence B. Freedman, Walt Whitman Looks at the Schools, 1950, 3–24.
page 67
Most vivid recollection: UPP, II, 265–66 and DBN, III, 614–15.
page 68
“With music strong”: CRE, 46.
page 68
“Blood of Christ”: PW I, 13, and II, 645.
page 69
“Like a cross”: WWC, II, 125.
page 69
“If there is”: PW, II, 643.
page 70
“Time of ‘Revivals’ ”: UPP, II, 293.
page 70
“She pretended”: In Re, 38.
page 70
“I was never made”: WWC, II, 19.
page 71
“Edward C.”: PW, I, 13.
page 71
“Reduce the Leaves”: WWC, I, 96.
page 71
“Men of moderate means”: quoted in Weld, 48.
page 72
Aaron Burr: WWC, II, 98 and WW’s manuscript essay “On Aaron Burr” (Feinberg Coll., LC).
page 72
John Jacob Astor: UPP, I, 218–19 and PW, I, 17–18.
page 72
“Moved to Henry St.”: “Family Record.”
page 72
“It must have been”: Autobiographical note (Feinberg Coll., LC).
page 72
Cholera: J. S. Chambers, The Conquest of Cholera, 1938; Charles E. Rosenberg, The Cholera Years, Chicago, 1962.
page 73
“For various reasons”: EPF, 316n.
page 73
“Moved from Liberty St.”: “Family
Record.”
peg 73
Andrew Jackson: UPP, I, 118.
page 73
“I remained”: “Family Record.”
CHAPTER 4 (pages 74–94)
page 74
William Hartshorne: William White, “A Tribute to William Hartshorne: Unrecorded Whitman, ” AL, XLII, No. 4 (January 1971), 554–58; UPP, II, 246–49, 294; PW, I, 14.
page 75
“The jour printer”: LG—1855, 21.
page 75
Samuel E. Clement: Weld, Brooklyn Village, 168–69; Long Island Star, June 1, 1831, and October 24, 1832.
page 75
“A shroud”: CRE, 427–28.
page 76
“Several gentlemen”: UPP, II, 3–4.
page 76
“There’s one reason”: WWC, II, 125.
page 77
Alden Spooner: Weld, Brooklyn Village, 30–44.
page 77
Tocqueville: Democracy in America, I, 315, and II, III.
page 78
“The fire”: CRE, 252.
page 78
Meteor shower: NF, 51.
page 78
“Fat-cheeked boy”: Rollo G. Silver, “Whitman in 1850: Three Uncollected Articles, ” AL, XIX, No. 4 (January 1948), 311– 1 2.
page 78
“I can”: PW II, 596–97; for the dating of Booth’s performance, see Stovall, 64.
page 79
“O what is it”: CRE, 384.
page 79
First time he ever wanted: Bliss Perry, Walt Whitman, Boston, 1906, 15; PW, I, 286–87.
page 80
“Fame’s Vanity”: EPF, 23–24.
page 81
“Nobody, I hope”: UPP, I, 37.
page 81
Philip Hone: Allan Nevins, ed., The Diary of Philip Hone, 1927, I, 185–91.
page 82
“Long ago”: In Re, 39.
page 82
“Unstable as water”: EPF, 327.
page 82
The teacher’s desk: Horace L. Traubel, “Walt Whitman, Schoolmaster: Notes of a Conversation with Charles A. Roe, 1894.” Walt Whitman Fellowship Papers (Philadelphia), No. 14 (April 1895); Florence B. Freedman, Walt Whitman Looks at the Schools, 24–34.
page 83
Sick cow: T. O. Mabbott, “Walt Whitman Edits the Sunday Times July 1842–June 1843, ” AL, XXXIX, No. I (March 1967), 101–2.
page 83
“Of all human beings”: UPP, I, 44–45.
page 84
“Singular young man”: CPW, VI, 135.
page 84
Benjamin Carman: Willis Steell, “Walt Whitman’s Early Life on Long Island, ” Munseys Magazine, XL, No. 4 (January 1909), 501; In Re, 35.
page 84
Roe said: Traubel, “Walt Whitman, Schoolmaster . . . , ” as cited in note for page 82 above (“the teacher’s desk”).
page 85
“A class of beings”: UPP, I, 37.
page 85
“Tho’ always”: Corr., V, 73.
page 85
“Though a bachelor”: EPF, 248.
page 85
“My Boys and Girls”: EPF, 248–50; Stephen A. Black, Whitman’s Journeys into Chaos, Princeton, N. J., 1975, 25–31, 180–82.
page 87
An angel: EPF, 78–79.
page 87
Archibald Dean: EPF, 327.
page 87
At Smithtown: Katherine Molinoff, An Unpublished Whitman Manuscript: The Record Book of the Smithtown Debating Society, 1941; Katherine Molinoff, Whitman’s Teaching at Smithtown, 1837–1838, 1942.
page 88
Tocqueville: Democracy in America, I, 250.
page 88
The following August: see Bliss Perry, “Emerson’s Most Famous Speech, ” in Carl Bode, ed., Ralph Waldo Emerson, A Profile, 1968, 52–65; Mark Van Doren, ed., The Portable Emerson, 1946, 23–46.
page 89
“To inflate the chest”: CRE, 181.
page 89
The Long Islander; Rubin, 37–39.
page 89
Whitman later acknowledged: ISL, 38.
page 90
Two items: reprinted in The Long Islander (Huntington, N. Y.), May 29, 1963.
page 90
“Everything seem’d”: PW, I, 287.
page 91
“ ‘Beach-parties’ ”: EPF, 320; UPP, I, 48–51; PW, I, 11.
page 91
“Aquatic loafer”: WWC, II, 21.
page 91
Young men bathing: Paul Fussell, The Great War and Modern Memory, 1975, 303–7.
page 91
“Twenty-eight young men”: CRE, 38–39.
page 92
“I felt myself”: Herbert Bergman and William White, “Whitman’s Lost ‘Sun-Down Papers, ’ Nos. 1–3, ” American Book Collector, XX (January 1970), 17–20.
page 93
“Our future Lot”: EPF, 28.
page 93
Sold the Long Islander: Herbert Bergman, “Walt Whitman as a Journalist, 1831–January, 1848, ” Journalism Quarterly, XLVIII (Summer 1971), 195–204; Rubin, 39.
page 93
“Came down to New York”: UPP, II, 87.
page 94
“Winter of 1840”: UPP, II, 87.
page 94
“Miss Clarissa Lyvere”: Corr., VI, 3.
page 94
“No Turning Back”: New York Times, Aug. 14, 1842; reprinted in Mabbott (as cited in note for page 8 3 above).
CHAPTER 5 (pages 95– 13)
page 95
“Mrs. Chipman’s”: UPP, II, 87–88.
“Mr. K.”: Aurora, 23.
page 96
Frances Trollope: Domestic Manners of the Americans, repr. 1949, 283–85.
page 96
Henry Saunders: EPF, 324; Joseph Jay Rubin, “Whitman and the Boy-Forger, ” AL, X, No. 2 (May 1938), 214–15.
page 96
“Boarding houses”: EPF, 236.
page 96
Whitman figured: UPP, II, 6 and NYD, 96.
page p6
“Not those”: CRE, 126.
page 97
Spreadeagle peroration: UPP, I, 51.
page 97
“Heaven save the mark”: UPP, I, 33n.
page 97
“Only come-day”: WWC, I, 6.
page 97
John Fellows: PW, I, 140; Conway, The Life of Thomas Paine, II, 422–23.
page 98
“A monthly magazine”: UPP, II, 15.
page 98
“My stories”: Corr., I, 26.
page 98
“Dickens’ American Notes”: quoted in Lawrence H. Houtchens, “Charles Dickens and International Copyright, ” AL, XIII, No. I (March 1941), 23–24.
page 99
Made his grievances known: Dickens’ speech is quoted in John S. Whitley and Arnold Goldman, eds., American Notes, Baltimore, 1972, 302.
page 99
“I consider Mr. Dickens”: UPP, I, 69– 72.
page 99
“Shall Hawthorne”: UPP, I, 121–23.
page 100
Margaret Fuller’s challenge: New York Tribune, 1846.
page 100
A great debate: John Stafford, The Literary Criticism of “Young America, ” Berkeley, Calif., 1952; Adams, O’Sullivan, and Emerson are quoted in Jay B. Hubbell, Who Are the Major American Writers? Durham, N. C., 1972, 63–64.
page 101
Emerson’s lecture: Aurora, 10, 105; Robert E. Spiller and Wallace E. Williams, eds., The Early Lectures of Ralph Waldo Emerson, Cambridge, Mass., 1972, III, 347–65.
page 101
“Pictures”: CRE, 647.
page 102
“You will hardly know”: CRE, 89.
page 102
Anson Herrick and John F. Ropes: Aurora, 1–11, 117.
page 102
Assailed Bishop John Hughes: Aurora, 57–83, 141–42.
page 103
“For the next two or three hours”: Aurora, 44–45.
page 104
Conventional invective: Aurora, 13.
page 104
Claimed that he had dashed it off: WWC, 1, 93.
page 105
“Mere boy”: EPF, 148.
page 105
Leslie Fiedler: Love and Death in the American Novel, 1960, 260.
page 105
“Damned rot”: WWC, I, 93.
page 105
George Whitman recalled: In Re, 39.
page 105
Self-reviews: Esther Shephard, “Walt Whitman’s Whereabouts in the Winter of 1842–1843, ” AL, XXIX, No. 3 (November 1957), 289–96.
page 106
“Rather stylish”: In Re, 34: Perry, Walt Whitman, 22–23.
page 106
“On one hand”: Broadway Journal, May 31, 1845, 347; repr. Burton R. Pollin, “ ‘Delightful Sights, ’ A Possible Whitman Article . . . , ” WWR, XV, No. 3 (September 1969), 180–87.
“Wasn’t it brave”: Aurora, 12.
page 107
“With sleeves rolled up”: Aurora, 21.
page 107
“The butcher-boy”: CRE, 39.
page 107
“The glories”: CRE, 160.
page 107
“Mannahatta”: PW, II, 683; Workshop, 61.
page 108
Thomas Low Nichols: quoted in Russell B. Nye, Society and Culture in America, 1830–1860, 1974, 3.
page 109
“Between seven and eight”: Aurora, 26– 27; UPP, I, 154–55.
page 109
“Agonies”: CRE, 67.
page 109
“Fire last night”: Allan Nevins and Milton Halsey Thomas, eds., The Diary of George Templeton Strong, 1952, I, 127.
page 110
“Actually set people to work”: Aurora, 41.
page 110
“We like to walk”: GF, II, 108.
page 111
Prevailing mode of euphemism: Ann Douglas, “Heaven Our Home . . . , ” American Quarterly, XXVI, No. 5 (December, 1974), 506–11; Stanley French, “The Cemetery as Cultural Institution . . . , ” American Quarterly, XXVI, No. 1 (March 1974), 37–59; Geoffrey Gorer, “The Pornography of Death, ” Encounter, October 1955, 49– 52; Robert W. Habenstein and William M. Lamers, The History of American Funeral Directing, Milwaukee, Wis., 1955, 261–67, 431.
page 111
“Like iron-willed destiny”: UPP, I, 168–69.
page 111
“It is a place”: GF, II, 93–96.
page 112
“In whatever direction”: GF, II, 113–17.
page 113
E. Porter Belden: New York: Past, Present, and Future, 1849, advertising supplement, 6–13; John A. Kouwenhoven. The Columbia Historical Portrait of New York, 1953, 194.
page 113
“Remember”: Bucke (1883), 67.
page 113
“A great city”: Corr., IV, 299.
CHAPTER 6 (pages 114–2.1)
page 114
Literary celebrities: PW, I, 17 and II, 595; GF, II, 595.
page 114
James Russell Lowell: Esther Shep-hard, “Walt Whitman’s Whereabouts in the Winter of 1842–1843, ” AL, XXIX, No. 3 (November 1957), 291; Charles Eliot Norton, ed., Letters of James Russell Lowell, Boston, 1894, I, 270–71.
page 114
“Dialogue”: UPP, II, 15–16.
page 115
According to Poe: George E Wood-berry and Edmund C. Stedman, eds., The Works of Edgar A. Poe, Chicago, 1894–1895, VIII, 81.
page115
“Poe was very cordial”: PW, I, 17.
page 115
“Did not enthuse me”: WWC, I, 138–39.
page 116
“In a dream”: PW, I, 232.
page 117
“From the surface”: Edward Carpenter, Days with Walt Whitman, 1906, 72–73.
page 117
Whitman’s stories: Stephen A. Black, Whitman’s Journeys into Chaos, Princeton, N. J., 1975; Rohn Samuel Friedman, The Process of Identity: Whitman’s Critical Vocabulary, Honors dissertation. Harvard, 1973; Chaviva M. Hosek, Design in Walt Whitman, Ph.D. dissertation, Harvard, 1973; Justin Kaplan, “Nine Old Bones, ” Atlantic Monthly, May 1968, 60–64; Michael S. Reynolds, “Whitman’s Early Prose and ‘The Sleepers, ’ ” AL, XLI, No. 3 (November 1969), 406–14.
page 118
“The dark hours”: UPP, I, 149–51.
page 119
“Wild Frank’s face”: EPF, 63.
page 120
“An image of beautiful terror”: EPF, 66–67.
page 121
Manuscript fragments: NF, 114–15, 122–23.
page 122
D. H. Lawrence: Studies in Classic American Literature, Garden City, N. Y., 177, 182–83.
page 122
“With the careless indifference”: EPF, 92
page 122
“Fresh, and wet”: EPF, 91.
page 123
“The grave”: EPF, 93.
page 123
“Lisped to me constantly”: LG—1880,
277.
CHAPTER 7 (pages 124–45)
page 124
The Star: Emory Holloway, “More Light on Whitman, ” The American Mercury, January 1924, 183–89; also Florence B. Freedman, ed., Walt Whitman Looks at the Schools, 1950, 213–17.
page 125
Father’s surrogate or regent: deeds, receipts, and similar documents are in LC or printed in Allen, 598–600, and Charles E. Feinberg, “A Whitman Collector Destroys a Whitman Myth, ” Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, LII (1958), 73–92.
page 125
“Ode” by Whitman: EPF, 34.
page 126
“When the last”: GF, I, 79–80.
pages 127
The Eagle: PW, I, 288; Eagle, 70; UPP, 118–21.
page 127
“ ‘In the twinkling of an eye’ ”: GF, II, 228.
page 128
Book reviewer: UPP, I, 126–37.
page 128
Coleridge: UPP, I, 131.
page 128
Goethe: UPP, I, 140.
page 129
Hone: Allan Nevins, ed., The Diary of Philip Hone, 1828–1851, 1927, II, 774.
page 129
Emerson: Mark Van Doren, ed., The Portable Emerson, 1946, 322.
page 129
Lowell: Norman Foerster, ed., American Poetry and Prose, Boston, 1934, 688–89.
page 129
“If our fame”: Freedman, 215–16.
page 130
“Thoroughly chastised”: GF, I, 240–42.
page 130
“Resolved”: William White, “Walter Whitman: King’s County Democratic Party Secretary, ” WWR, XVII, No. 3 (September 1971), 92–98.
page 130
“Daring, burrowing energies”: GF, II, 121–26.
page 131
Wilmot: David M. Potter, The Impending Crisis, 1976, 21–23; Leon F. Lit-wack. North of Slavery, Chicago, 1961, 47.
page 131
Slaveowners: WWC, IV, 364;FCI, 43.
page 132
“Degraded, shiftless”: UPP, II, 316–17.
page 132
“Nature has set”: ISL, 90.
page 132
Uncle Tom’s Cabin: Cambridge, Mass., 1962, 184.
page 132
“The fire of her race”: EPF, 204.
“I am a curse”: NF, 19.
page 133
“Poem of the black person”: NF, 170.
page 133
“The British”: Aurora, 126–27.
page 133
Their “ranting”: GF, II, 191–93.
page 133
Hearing Emerson say: WWC, IV, 161.
page 133
Strong: Diary, II, 22.
page 134
“Set Down Your Feet”: GF, I, 194.
page 135
Last Barnburner editorial: GF, I, 227–28.
page 135
Whitman’s dismissal: GF, I, xxxii– xxxvi; Herbert Bergman, “Walt Whitman as Journalist, ” Journalism Quarterly, XLVIII (1971), 203–4.
page 135
Whitman’s account: PW, I, 288.
page 136
“Made him an offer”: PW, I, 288; UPP, II, 88.
page 136
At Cumberland: WW describes the trip to New Orleans in UPP, I, 181–90.
page 137
Jeff wrote: Corr., I, 27–28.
page 138
“River fiends”: EPF, 43.
page 138
Arrived in New Orleans: PW, II, 604–7; UPP, II, 77–78; W. K. Dart, “Walt Whitman in New Orleans, ” Publications of the Louisiana Historical Society, VII (1915), 97–112; Emory Holloway “Walt Whitman in New Orleans, ” yale Review, V, October 1915, 166–83.
page 138
“See the dirt”: Corr., I, 29.
page 140
“Quick mettle”: CRE, 473.
page 140
Safe arrival: EPF, 43.
page 140
“St. Mary’s Market”: UPP, I, 224.
page 141
Standing in the gaslight: UPP, I, 202–5.
page 141
“The Octoroon”: WWC, II, 283.
page 142
Binns: A Life of Walt Whitman, London, 1905, 51.
page 142
“Once I pass’d”: CRE, 109–10.
page 143
Discovered the manuscript: UPP, II, 102.
page 143
Holloway himself: in Free and Lonesome Heart: The Secret of Walt Whitman.
page 143
“I saw in Louisiana” CRE, 126–27.
page 144
“Keep well”: Corr., I, 33.
page 144
Jeff reported: Corr., I, 27–36.
page 144
“Singular sort of coldness”: UPP, II, 77–78; FCI, 57–58; COP, 607–10.
page 145
First editorial: Saturday, Sept. 9, 1848; the issue is reproduced in E. F. Frey, Catalogue of . . . the Trent Collection, Durham, N. C, 1945.
CHAPTER 8 (pages 146–64)
page 146
Water cure: secondary sources are: Grace Adams and Edward Hutter, The Mad Forties, 1952; Siegfried Giedion, Mechanization Takes Command, 1948, 660–81.
page 146
Graham: Giedion, 201–8
page 147
Nearly one hundred yards: Robert G. Albion, The Rise of New York Port, 1970, 55–56
page 147
“I see through the broadcloth”: CRE, 35, 111, 102.
page 148
Henry Adams: Education, Boston, 1961, 385.
Victorian pursuit of health: Bruce Haley, The Healthy Body and Victorian Culture, Cambridge, Mass., 1978.
page 148
Phrenology, or the science of mind: for general accounts, see: John D. Davies, Phrenology: Fad and Science, New Haven, Conn., 1955; Madeline B. Stern, Heads and Headlines: The Phrenological Fowlers, Norman, Okla, 1971. Whitman’s connection with phrenology was first discussed at length in: Edward Hungerford, “Walt Whitman and His Chart of Bumps, ” AL, II, No. 4 (January 1931), 350–84. Among subsequent articles are: Harold Aspiz, “Educating the Kosmos, ” American Quarterly, XVIII (1966), 655–66; Arthur Wrobel, “Whitman and the Phrenologists, ” PMLA, LXXXIX, No. 1 (January 1974), 17–23.
page 149
His death on November 10: Charles Follen, Funeral Oration . . . at the Burial of Gaspar Spurzheim, M. D., Boston, 1832.
page 149
Strong: Diary, I, 46–47.
page 149
Holmes: Hjalmar O. Lokensgard, “Oliver Wendell Holmes’s ‘Phrenological Character, ’ ” New England Quarterly, XII, No. 4 (December 1940), 711–18.
page 149
Mark Twain: Autobiography, 1959, 64–65; Life on the Mississippi, Boston, 1883, 270.
page 149
“One of the choice places”: PW, II, 697.
page 150
“Animal magnetism”: O. S. Fowler, Practical Phrenology, 1844, 59; Myrth Jimmie Killingsworth, “Another Source for Whitman’s Use of ‘Electric,’ ” WWR, XXIII, No. 2 (September 1977), 129–32; Edmund Reiss, “Whitman’s Debt to Animal Magnetism, ” PMLA, LXXVIII (March 1963), 80–88.
page 150
“Mine is no callous”: CRE, 57, 109, 424, 432.
page 151
“Morality and talent”: NF, 81
page 151
“I do not press”: CRE, 53.
page 152
One of Whitman’s short stories: EPF, 330.
page 152
“This man”: Hungerford, “Walt Whitman and His Chart of Bumps, ” 363; FCI, 233–36.
page 153
“I know what Holmes said”: WWC, I, 385.
page 153
“Something furtive”: Edward Carpenter, Days with Walt Whitman, 1906, 42–43.
pege 153
“In a little house”: CRE, 642.
page 153
“Who is this”: CRE, 644, 645, 649.
page 155
“In winter”: CRE, 178.
page 155
“Tall, large, rough-looking man”: NVD, 130.
page 156
“Not much to lose”: Rubin, 213.
page 156
“I withdraw”: Rubin, 222.
page 156
Went to Greenport: WW’s travel letters to the New York Sunday Dispatch are reprinted in Rubin, 311–23.
page 157
“Trailing for blue-fish”: CRE, 179.
page 157
“In proportion”: Rubin, 323.
page 158
“You and I”: Rubin, 337.
page 158
“It avails not”: CRE, 180–81.
page 158
George recalled: In Re, 35, 37, 39.
“Voluminous” and “prolix”: Corr., V, 282–83.
page 159
“I plumped in”: The Long Islander (Huntington, N. Y.), Sept. 27, 1973, 11, 14.
page 160
“I take the liberty”: Corr., I, 38.
page 160
Financing and building: see note for page 125 (“Father’s surrogate or regent”).
page 160
Agreement with Minard S. Scofield: Feinberg Coll., LC.
page 161
“Mr. Scofield owes WW”: FCI, 49.
page 161
Burroughs doubted: Bliss Perry, Walt Whitman, Boston, 1906, 55–56.
page 161
Salesman and Traveller’s Directory: Rubin, 268.
page 161
S. Knaebel: Feinberg Coll., LC.
page 161
“God, ’twas delicious”: EPF, 38.
page 162
“Not as a Massachusetts man”: The Writings and Speeches of Daniel Webster, 1903, X, 57–60.
page 163
“If thou art balked”: EPF, 36–37.
page 163
“Here, now, is a specimen”: UPP, I, 25n.
page 164
“Not a grave”: EPF, 39–40.
page 164
Alcott: Odell Shepard, Pedlar’s Progress, Boston, 1937, 278.
CHAPTER 9 (pages 165–83)
page 165
“Big strong days”: WWC, II, 503.
page 165
“Close phalanx”: UPP, I, 237.
page 165
Charles L. Heyde: Katherine Molinoff, Some Notes on Whitmans Family, 1941, 24–43; FCI 213–32; WWC, II, 498–500; Jeff Whitman is quoted in CWL, 11.
page 166
Harrison (and Libbey): WWC, II, 506.
page 166
“I don’t know where”: UPP, I, 237–38.
page 168
Brown’s studio: WWC, II, 502; UPP, I, 135.
page 168
“To the artist”: UPP, I, 241–47.
page 169
“Make no quotations”: NF, 56.
page 170
Dr. Henry Abbott: NYD, 30–40; PW, II, 696–97; Stovall, 162–63.
page 170
“My definitive carte visite”: PW, II, 712.
page 171
“Uniform hieroglyphic”: CRE, 34–35.
page 171
“Scented herbage”: CRE, 113; Esther Shephard, “Possible Sources of Some of Whitman’s Ideas and Symbols . . . , ” Modern Language Quarterly, XIV, March 1953, 74.
page 172
In the Eagle: GF, II, 291
page 173
Richard Chase: Walt Whitman Reconsidered, 1955, 48.
page 173
Strange admixture: CRE, 52, 54, 60, 72, 85, 89.
page 173
Rejected Carlyle: PW, I, 258, 262; Corr., III, 302
page 174
Hot eloquence: PW, II, 551, 697.
page 174
Hale: Corr., I, 39–40; Richard H. Sew-ell, “Walt Whitman, John P. Hale, and the Free Democracy . . . .” New England Quarterly, XXXIV, June, 1961, 239–42; Richard H. Sewell, John P. Hale and the Politics of Abolition, Cambridge, Mass., 1965.
page 175
Whitman’s “musical passion”: PW, I, 21; PW, II, 697; UPP, I, 104–106; Robert D. Faner, Walt Whitman & Opera, Carbondale, I11., 1951.
page 176
“Agonized squalls”: Thomas L. Brasher, “Whitman’s Conversion to Opera, ” WWR, IV, No. 4 (December 1958), 109–10.
page 177
“Her voice”: GF, II, 351–52.
page 177
Strong: Diary, II, 19–20.
page 177
Whitman attended: Rollo G. Silver, “Whitman in 1850: Three Uncollected Articles, ” AL, XIX, No. 4 (January 1948), 303–5;PW, II, 697.
page 178
“Be simple”: UPP, II, 63.
page 178
Bettini: UPP, I, 257.
page 178
Alboni.PW, I, 235.
page 178
“Now in a moment”: CRE, 252–53.
page 179
“Talents of gold”: Silver, 314–16.
page 179
Following his own advice: see note for page 125 (Father’s surrogate).
page 179
“Always magnetic”: WWC, V, 463.
page 179
“400 deaths”: DBN, II, 348n.
page 180
Exhibition catalogue: Benjamin Silli-man and C. R. Goodrich, The World of Science, Art, and Industry Illustrated, 1854, 24–26.
page 181
“New York, Great Exposition”: PW, II, 681; ISL, 129–30.
page 181
“High rising tier”: CRE, 200.
page 181
“To exalt the present”: CRE, 202.
page 182
“They had immense qualities”: PW, I, , 18–19.
page 182
“He was a goodfellow”: LG—1855, 66.
page 182
Archangels: CRE, 42, 86.
page 183
Sheet of manuscript: NF, 116, 120; Emory Holloway, ed., Leaves of Grass: Inclusive Edition, Garden City, N. Y., 1946, 577–78.
CHAPTER 10 (pages 184–201)
page 184
“We did not know”: In Re, 35.
page 184
“Built in Skillman St.”: “Family Record” (Berg Coll., New York Public Library).
page 184
“As in ‘A Backward Glance’ ”: PW, II, 714; MDW, “Personal—Note”; Corr., III, 307.
page 185
Trial lines and fragments: Notebook, ca. 1854–1855, LC.
page 186
Turned thirty-five: NYD, I–2;NF, 86.
page 186
Pocket notebook: LC, partially published UPP, II, 63–76. This is one of the ten Whitman notebooks that vanished from the LC manuscript collection during World War II; a photostat remains.
page 187
“I celebrate”: LG—1855, 13.
page 187
“Test of a poem”: UPP, II, 75.
page 188
“I tramp”: LG—1855, 51.
page 188
“I will take”: UPP, II, 66–67.
page 188
Other fragments: UPP, II, 66–76.
page 189
“Speech is the twin”: LG—1855, 31
page 189
“A trance”: Workshop, 21.
page 190
Elias Hicks: Corr., IV, 164.
page 191
“Techniques of ecstasy”: Mircea Eliade, Shamanism. Princeton, N. J., 1972. Some other general sources are: Richard Maurice Bucke, M. D., Cosmic Consciousness, 1901; Andrew M. Greeley and William C. McCready, “Are We a Nation of Mystics?” The New York Times Magazine, Jan. 26, 1975, 15ff.; William James, Varieties of Religious Experience, 1902; Marghanita Laski, Ecstasy, 1968.
page 191
“A Persian Lesson”: CRE, 353; Massud Farzan, “Whitman and Sufism, ” AL, XLVII, No. 4 (January 1976), 572–82.
page 191
“Do you see”: CRE, 88.
page 191
“I believe in you”: LG—1855, 15–16.
page 192
Swedenborg: UPP, II, 16–17; WWC, V, 376.
page 193
“I am a look”: CRE, 694.
page 193
“The privacy of the night”: CRE, 103.
page 193
“Urge and urge, ” etc.: LG—1855, 14, 13, 30, 71, 72.
page 195
“I think I could turn”: LG—1855, 34
page 195
Traffic with the poets: NF, 97, 113, 127.
page 195
“Be simple”: UPP, II, 63.
page 195
Alexander Smith: NF, 127; In Re, 28–29.
page 196
“My Friend!”: Smith, A Life-Drama and Other Poems, Boston, 1853, 24–25.
page 196
“The great poet”: CRE, 716.
page 196
“The Americans”: CRE, 709.
page 196
“An individual”: CRE, 729.
page 197
Ivan Marki: The Trial of the Poet, 1976, 26.
page 197
“This is what”: CRE, 714–15.
page 198
“At the moment”: WWC, II, 311.
page 198
Registered the title: William White, “More about the ‘Publication’ of the first Leaves of Grass,” AL, XXVIII, No. 4 (January 1957), 516–17.
page 198
795 copies: William White, “The First (1855) ‘Leaves of Grass’: How Many Copies?” Papers of the Bibliographical Society of America, LVII (1963), 353–55
page 198
It was burned: WWC, I, 56, 92.
page 199
“We may infer”: NYD, 154.
page 200
“What am I”: CRE, 392.
page 200
“Felt very much to blame”: Allen, 151.
page 201
“Confirmed resolution”: Bucke (1883), 25–26.
page 201
“Great is death”: LG—1855, 95.
page 201
“Perceives that the corpse”: LG—1855, [iii].
CHAPTER 11 (pages 202–22)
page 202
“Do you take it”: LG—1855, 25.
page 202
Emerson almost believed: Edmund Wilson, ed., The Shock of Recognition, Garden City, N. Y., 1947, 246–52; Ralph L. Rusk, The Life of Ralph Waldo Emerson, 1949, 372—73.
page 202
“Dear Sir”: Corr., I, 41.
page 203
“Toward no other American”: Mon-cure D. Conway, “Walt Whitman, ” The Fortnightly Review (London), VI (1866), 538–39.
page 203
William Howitt: Imprints, 29.
page 203
Criterion: Imprints, 55.
page 204
Lucretia Mott: Frederick B. Tolles, “A Quaker Reaction to Leaves of Grass,” AL, XIX, No. 2 (May 1947), 170–71.
page 204.
“One cannot leave it about”: Charles Eliot Norton, Letters, Boston, 1913, I, 135.
page 204
“No, no”: Charles Eliot Norton, ed., Letters of James Russell Lowell, Boston, 1894, I, 270–71.
page 204
Review of a different sort: NYD, 154— 61.
page 205
Life Illustrated: James K. Wallace, “Whitman and Life Illustrated” WWR, XVII, No. 4 (December 1971), 135–38.
page 205
At Mickle Street: WWC, III, 125; PW, II. 774.
page 205
“We sometime since”: LG—1855, xvi.
page 206
A small broadside: Feinberg Coll., LC.
page 206
“Make no puns”: Notebook—1855–56, 7–8.
page 206
Casual acquaintances: Notebook—1855–56, 3, 9.
page 207
“Poem of passage”: Notebook—1855–56, 5–7.
page 207
“I greet you”: Notebook—1855–56, 11.
page 207
A Boston paper: Imprints, 7.
page 207
Vaunting essay: CRE, 730–39.
page 208
Bucke’s information: Bucke (1883), 9.
page 208
Whitman himself: WWC, III, 116; Thomas Donaldson, Walt Whitman, the Man, 1896, 50.
page 208
Supplied friendly journals: Imprints, 49; , NYD, 171.
page 208
Three anonymous reviews: Imprints, 7–13, 20–27, 38–41; In Re, 13, 27.
page 208
William Swinton: C. Carroll Hollis, “Whitman and William Swinton, ” AL, XXX, No. 4 (January 1959), 425–49.
page 209
“Walt, some people”: WWC, III, 459–60.
page 210
Wrote him off: FCI, 28–29; PW, II, 517–18.
page 210
“It is of no importance”: Corr., IV, 69–70.
page 210
“According to your letter”: WWC, IV, 152.
page 211
“So non-polite”: Corr., I, 42, 42n.
page 211
“That was very wrong”: Wilson, 251; Rusk, 373; Carlos Baker, “The Road to Concord . . . ” Princeton University Library Chronicle, IX (April 1946), 100–117.
page 211
J. P. Lesley: Eleanor M. Tilton, “Leaves of Grass: Four Letters to Emerson, ” Harvard Library Bulletin, XXVII, No. 3 (July 1979), 336–41.
page 212
First meeting: Emerson, Diary Notebook, Houghton Library, Harvard; Rusk, 374; WWC, II, 105–6, 130; Edward Carpenter, Days with Walt Whitman, 1908, 166–67.
page 212
“As you seemed much interested”: Moncure D. Conway, Autobiography, 1904, I, 215–17.
page 213
“Not in the least boisterous”: Samuel Longfellow to Edward Everett Hale, from Brooklyn, n.d.; courtesy of George Gloss, Brattle Book Shop, Boston; WWC, II, 502–3.
page 214
“O I could sing”: CRE, 233.
page 215
In the White House: Workshop, 92–113.
page 216
Most successful literary couple: Milton E. Flower, James Parton, Durham, N. C, 1951;NYD, 146–54.
page 217
“Leaves of Grass”: William White,
“Fanny Fern to Walt Whitman, ” American Book Collector, XI (May 1961), 8–9.
page 217
“My woman’s voice”: NYD, 162–65.
page 217
“I was not their kind”: WWC, II, 502–3.
page 217
Bronson Alcott: Odell Shepard, ed., The Journals of Bronson Alcott, Boston, 1938, 286–94; Richard L. Herrnstadt, The Letters of A. Bronson Alcott, Ames, Iowa, 1969, 199–227.
page 218
Henry Thoreau: F. B. Sanborn, ed., Familiar Letters of Henry David Thoreau, Boston, 1906, 290–97.
page 218
Visited with his mother: WWC, I, 212–13.
page 220
“Arrogant, masculine”: LG—1860, 141.
page 220
Describing the encounter: Familiar Letters, 295–96.
page 221
“A great city”: CRE, 189.
page 221
Seemed to Walt: WWC, I, 212–13, 231, 285, 448; Workshop, 263.
CHAPTER 1 2 (pages 223–40)
page 223
Public teacher: NF, 57; Notebook—
1855– 3, 10.
page 22
“Now we start hence”: LG—1860, 190–91.
page 224
“In the forthcoming”: Corr., I, 44.
page 224
James Parton: Barrus, 177–78; Oral S.
Coad, “Whitman vs. Parton, ” Journal of
the Rutgers University Library, IV, No.
1 (December 1940), 108; Corr., II, 89-
90; WWC, III, 237–39.
page 22s
“The majority of people”: ISL, 5 3–54.
page 225
Daily Times: Corr., III, 385–86.
page 226
He figured in October: ISL, 74.
page 226
Strong: Diary, II, 366–67, 369.
page 226
“We must now”: ISL, 170.
page 227
Cyrus Field: ISL, 159; Notebook—1855–56, 15.
page 227
Walt once said: WWC, I, 249.
page 227
“A noiseless patient”: CRE, 450.
page 227
“A promise, a preface”: Bowers, 56.
page 227
“I, now”: LG—1860, 8.
page 228
“Shall I make”: CRE, 657.
page 228
Frederick Huene: ISL, 12–13.
page 228
“The Great Construction”: NF, 57.
page 228
Emerson said: quoted in LG—1860, xix.
page 228
Trinitarian gospel: CRE, 742.
page 228
“I am not content”: CRE, 684.
page 228
William Swinton: C. Carroll Hollis, “Whitman and William Swinton: A Co-operative Friendship, ” AL, XXX, No. 4 (January 1959), 425–49.
page 229
“A perfect writer”: DBN, III, 742.
page 229
Certain words: DBN, III, 738.
page 229
Dictionary and phrase book: DBN, III, 664–727.
page 229
“Only a language experiment: An American Primer, Boston, 1904, viii-ix.
page 230
Paradise Lost: NF, 98–99.
page 230
Keats’s poetry: NF, 109.
page 230
“Go study”: Notebook—1855–56, 13.
page 230
He dines: NF, 126.
House of Mrs. Abby Price: Bucke (1883), 26–30.
page 231
“Conversation with Mr. Arnold”: NF, 114.
page 231
Reverend Dr. Elbert Porter: Corr., I, 44–45.
page 232
Daily Times: UPP, II, 16–18.
page 232
“Saint this”: CRE, 743.
page 232
“Institutional, official”: WWC, I, 256.
page 232
Marked his birthday: Workshop, 34–35.
page 232
“Time to stir”: Notebook, 1859, LC.
page 233
“Bardic Symbols”: LG—1860, 195–99.
page 233
American young men: DBN, III, 740–41.
page 234
“Affection shall solve”: LG—1860, 349.
page 234
“Of two simple men”: LG—1860, 372.
page 234
“Scented herbage”: LG—1860, 342.
page 234
“Of him I love”: LG—1860, 362.
page 235
“Among the men”: LG—1860, 376.
page 235
“Flocks of ideas”: DBN, III, 765.
page 236
Walt wrote: PW, II, 692–93; Corr., V, 123.
page 236
Walt loved Mattie: MDW, “Personal— Note”; Corr., II, 240.
page 236
Cycle of twelve lyrics: the evolution and arrangement of this cycle is examined authoritatively and at length in Bowers.
page 237
“Uttering joyous leaves”: LG—1860, 365.
page 237
“For the one I love”: LG—1860, 358.
page 237
“I am indifferent”: LG—1860, 355.
page 237
“Who was not proud”: LG—1860, 356.
page 238
“For an athlete”: LG—1860, 374.
page 238
“A woman waits”: LG—1860, 302.
page 238
“Through you”: LG—1860, 304.
page 239
“The recherché”: Corr., I, 347.
page 239
“Root of washed sweet-flag”: CRE, 53– 540
page 240
Helen Price remembered: Bucke (1883), 29.
page 240
Swinburne: quoted in CRE, 247n.
page 240
“Out of the Cradle”: CRE, 246–53.
CHAPTER 13 (pages 241–69)
page 241
“Our readers”: Child’s Reminiscence, [10].
page 241
Within days: Imprints, 57, 59.
page 241
Provided Whitman with a forum: Child’s Reminiscence, 19–21.
page 241
Henry Clapp: WWC, I, 236–38.
page 242
Juliette Hayward Beach: information on the Beach family from Mrs. Katherine Billings, Albion, N. Y., to author, June 1, 1978; the articles by the Beaches are quoted in Allen, 261–62.
page 242
“Lump of——: Corr., I, 55.
page 242
A romance by mail: UPP, I, lviiin.; CRE, 106–7.
page 242
“Walt is a genius”: NYD, 174.
Page 243
Pfaff’s beer cellar: W. L. Alden, “Some Phases of Literary New York in the Sixties, ” Putnam’s Monthly, III (1907–1908), 554–58; W. D. Howells, Literary Friends and Acquaintance, 1900; Albert Parry, Garrets and Pretenders, 1930; William Winter, Old Friends, 1909.
page 243
“My beloved Walt”: WWC, I, 23–25.
page 243
“Poor, poor Ada Clare”: Corr., I, 285.
page 244
“Centuries ahead”: Allen Lesser, Enchanting Rebel, 1947, 64–65.
page 244
E. C. Stedman: Life and Letters . . . 1910, 206–9.
page 244
“Restless craving”: ISL, 67.
page 245
“Hoosier”: Edwin H. Cady, ed., W. D. Howells as Critic, London, 1973, 12—15.
page 245
“Don’t you miss”: Corr., I, 136.
page 246
“I like your tinkles”: Charles E. Samuels, Thomas Bailey Aldrich, 1965, 37.
page 246
“My own greatest pleasure”: Bucke (1883), 65.
page 246
“Allowing no interloper”: Corr., I, 126–27.
page 246
“Price is $40”: Corr., I, 47.
page 247
“We want to be”: Bowers, xxxii.
page 247
“It is quite curious”: Corr., I, 51.
page 248
“Be composed”: LG—1860, 399.
page 248
“Young man that wakes”: LG—1860, 306.
page 249
“Emerson was not”: WWC, III, 439–40; PW, I, 281–82.
page 249
“If I had cut sex out”: WWC, I, 49, 56–57, 124, 151.
page 249
Even the bohemian: WWC, II, 375–76; Child’s Reminiscence, 27.
page 250
Young Boston publishers: Corr., I, 49–50, 51.
page 250
“It is quite ‘odd’ ”: Corr., I, 52.
page 251
“The best of all”: WWC, IV, 378–79.
page 251
“The Many in One”: LG—1860, 8, 22.
page 251
“So Long!”: LG— 1860, 454.
page 252
“Altogether, Jeff”: Corr., I, 53–54.
page 252
Meanwhile he lived: Corr., I, 49–54.
page 253
Father Taylor: PW, II, 549–52.
page 253
“Valuable investment”: Corr., I, 52.
page 253
“A specimen”: Child’s Reminiscence, 29.
page 254
“Considerable opposition”: Corr., I, 480.
page 254
John Townsend Trowbridge: “Reminiscences of Walt Whitman, ” Altantic Monthly, LXXXIX (February 1902), 163–166; Rufus A. Coleman, “Further Reminiscences of Walt Whitman, ” Modern Language Notes, LXIII (April 1948), 266–68; Coleman, “Trowbridge and Whitman, ” PMLA, LXIII (March 1948), 262–73.
page 255
“I love you, Walt!”: WWC, III, 460.
page 255
“My dear, dear friend”: PW, II, 689–91; Champion, 3–49.
page 256
They worked side by side: Boston Notebook, 1860, LC.
page 256
O’Connor’s novel: Champion, 38.
page 256
“Spoil my supper”: WWC, II, 486.
page 256
“What astonishing beauty”: Champion, 41.
page 257
“Inquiring, tireless”: LG— 1860, 312.
“The orb is enclosed”: CRE, 245.
page 257
George Templeton Strong: Diary, III, 45.
page 257
In a poem: “Year of Meteors, ” CRE, 238–39.
page 258
Henry Clapp: WWC, II, 376.
page 259
1856 political tract: Workshop, 93, 99.
page 260
“Two characters”: Notebook, 1860–61, LC.
page 260
First sight of Abraham Lincoln: PW, II, 499–501
page 261
George Templeton Strong: Diary, III, 117–18.
page 261
Whitman noticed: PW, I, 26.
page 262
“The Women and children”: CWL, 39–40.
page 262
“His preservation”: Glicksberg, 89.
page 262
“I have this hour”: Notebook, 1860–61, LC.
page 262
“So far, so well”: Workshop, 135.
page 263
“The vault at Pfaff’ s”: CRE, 660.
page 263
John Burroughs noted: Barrus, 2–3.
page 263
“Beat! beat!”: CRE, 283.
page 263
James Russell Lowell: WWC, II, 213.
page 264
“Schemes, politics”: Glicksberg, 125–26.
page 264
Leader articles: Glicksberg, 15–62.
page 264
“Arous’d and angry”: CRE, 309.
page 265
“Amputations are going on”: MDW, 18–19.
page 265
“From the stump”: CRE, 310–11.
page 266
Dr. D. B. St. John Roosa: in Henry Stoddard’s column, “World of Letters, ” The Mail and Express (New York), June 20, 1898; I thank Prof. Edwin Haviland Miller for the loan of a photocopy.
page 266
“There is a lady”: Glicksberg, 42–43.
page 267
“My social position”: Edwin Haviland Miller, “Walt Whitman and Ellen Eyre, ” AL, XXXIII, No. I (March 1961), 64–68.
page 267
One conflation: C. Carroll Hollis, “Whitman’s ‘Ellen Eyre,’ ” WWR, II, No. 3 (September 1956), 24–26.
page 267
“ Frank Sweeney”: New York City notebook, 1861–62, LC; reproduced in Esther Shephard, Walt Whitman’s Pose, 1938, opp. 244.
page 268
Disaster at Fredericksburg: Corr., I, 68.
page 268
“Walking all day”: Corr., I, 58.
page 268
“[R]emember your galliant son”: CWL, 77
page 269
Went out of his way: Corr., I, 68.
page 269
“Sight at daybreak”: Glicksberg, 79.
page 269
“I can be satisfied”: Corr., I, 61–62.
CHAPTER 14 (pages 270–301)
page 270
When Whitman settled: UPP, I, 31; Corr., I, 82; DBN, III, 655–56. Useful sources for wartime Washington are: Thomas Froncek, ed., The City of Washington, 1977; Margaret Leech, Reveille in Washington, 1941.
page 271
“Everything he does”: Corr., I, 113n.
page 271
“I don’t know”: CWL, 71.
“Who can see”: Corr., I, 113.
page 271
“Hoosier Michel Angelo”: Corr., I, 82–83.
page 271
“Saw Mr. Lincoln”: Glicksberg, 138.
page 272
“I should say”: PW, II, 603–4.
page 272
Patent Office: PW, I, 39–40, 95, 296.
page 272
“A profound conviction”: WWC, II, 26.
page 273
Wrote to Emerson: Corr., I, 61.
page 273
“Pulling eminent wires”: WWC, II, 414–15.
page 274
Preston King: Corr., I, 74.
page 274
“Permit me to say”: Corr., I, 65–66.
page 275
John Townsend Trowbridge: “Reminiscences of Walt Whitman, ” Atlantic Monthly, LXXXIX (February 1902), 170–71. WW’s manuscript memorandum of the Trowbridge-Chase interview is reproduced in Thomas Donaldson, Walt Whitman, The Man, 1896, 156; his comments on Chase and office hunting are in Corr., I, 80 and II, 35.
page 275
“Walt Whitman—Soldier’s Missionary”: William White, “An Unpublished Notebook . . . , ” American Book Collector, XII, January 1962, 8–13.
page 275
His commission: Feinberg Coll., LC; reproduced in Specimen Days, Boston, 1971, 15.
page 276
“First class battle”: Corr., I, 193, 196; PW, I, 69–71.
page 276
“That odious Walt Whitman”: Harriet Ward Foote Hawley, quoted in Froncek, 219.
page 276
“There is a prejudice”: Corr., I, 12n.
page 276
“To do the good”: Corr., I, 109.
page 277
“The Dead in this War”: K. A. Preuschen, “Walt Whitman’s Undelivered Oration . . . , ” Etudes Anglaises, XXIV, No. 2 (1971), 147–51.
page 277
“Mother, when you”: Corr., I, 85–86.
page 277
Elijah Allen: Barrus, 5.
page 277
“I must bring out”: Corr., I, 85.
page 277
“Of the time”: Corr., I, 172.
page 278
“Talk with Ben”: Corr., I, 171n.
page 278
“It pleas’d him”: MDW, 21.
page 278
“A new world”: Corr., I, 81.
page 278
“Interior history”: PW, I, 115–18.
page 279
“No thorough previous preparation”: MDW, 38. Invaluable background sources are: Stewart Brooks, Civil War Medicine, Springfield, Ill. 1966; Bessie Z. Jones, ed., Hospital Sketches, by Louisa May Alcott, Cambridge, Mass., 1960.
page 279
One historian: Brooks, 12.
page 280
Eighty per cent: Brooks, 51.
page 280
“You ought to see”: Corr., I, 110–11.
page 280
“In my visits”: MDW, 18.
page 280
“Please send me”: Corr., I, 12.
page 281
“I am very happy”: Corr., I, 164; Corr., I, 142; William Stansberry to WW, May 12, 1874, Trent Coll., Duke University; CRE, 311.
page 281
“Mad, determin’d tussle”: PW, I, 47.
page 281
“The sky, the planets”: MDW, 27.
page 282
Trial lines: UPP, II, 93.
He told Emerson: Corr., I, 70.
page 282
“Same old story”: Corr., I, 227.
page 282
“Come sweet death”: CRE, 3 10.
page 283
“ June 18th.”: PW, II, 49–50.
page 283
“Welcome oblivion”: PW, II, 618.
page 283
“The dead, the dead”: PW, I, 114–15.
page 284
Lewy Brown: Corr., I, 91, 118n, 134.
page 284
Will Wallace: Roger Asselineau, “Walt Whitman, Child of Adam? . . . , ” Modern Language Quarterly, X, No. 1 (March 1949), 91–95.
page 285
“We all loved”: Corr., I, 124, 145–46, 237”.
page 285
“Prommice”: Corr., I, 90n.
page 286
“Dear comrade”: Corr., I, 92–93; the deleted sentence is supplied in Corr., I, 93n.
page 286
“I fully reciprocate”: Corr., I, 9on, 91n.
page 287
“I do not expect”: Corr., I, 106–7, 139, 181.
page 287
Elijah Douglass Fox: Corr., I, 186–88.
page 287
“The O’Connor home”: WWC, III, 525–26. Ellen M. [O’Connor] Calder, “Personal Recollections of Walt Whitman, ” Atlantic Monthly, XCIX (June 1907), 825–34; Champion, passim; Florence B. Freedman, “New Light on an Old Quarrel . . . , ” WWR, XI, No. 2 (June 1965), 27–52.
page 288
“I have missed you”: Corr., I, 234n.
page 288
“I always know”: Ellen O’Connor to WW, Nov. 30, 1870, LC.
page 289
“I have had several”: Ellen O’Connor to WW, July 3, 1889, Feinberg Coll., LC.
page 289
Move into Mickle Street: WWC, V, 366.
page 289
He had told Nelly: UPP, I, lixn.
page 289
Trowbridge: see note for page 275 (“John Townsend Trowbridge”).
page 290
“The incarnation”: Adam Gurowski, Diary, Washington, 1866, III, 127–28.
page 290
“William is in the best sense”: WWC, I, 11.
page 291
“ Stop the war”: White, “An Unpublished Notebook, ” 12; WWC, III, 293; William Sloane Kennedy, Reminiscences of Walt Whitman, London, 1896, 34–35.
page 291
Eldridge recalled: Barrus, 335.
page 291
“They are manly enough”: PW, II, 587–89; Corr., I, 212, 273, 299, 323.
page 292
“Between two loves”: WWC, III, 581–82.
page 292
“It’s almost enough”: CWL, 102.
page 292
“I remain silent”: Corr., I, 117.
page 293
“Mother, I hope”: Corr., I, 143–46.
page 293
Jesse’s troubles: these and other troubles are mentioned passim in Corr., I, CWL, FCI, and Mattie.
page 294
“Dear Walt”: Corr., I, 165n; Corr., I, .76.
page 294
Andrew’s death: FCI, 187–90; Mattie, 32 –35
page 295
“Had I been home”: Corr., I, 189n.
page 295
“I did not go on”: Corr., I, 189–90.
page 295
“Not entirely well”: Corr., I, 254.
“Their diagnosis”: Corr., I, 233, 234.
page 296
“I have seen”: Corr., I, 230.
page 296
“Permanently absorbed”: Corr., I, 77.
page 296
“Me and mine”: CRE, 256.
page 296
Oscar Cunningham: Corr., I, 218n, 231.
page 297
An “Introduction”: Workshop, 127; Blue Book, 1968, I, xiv.
page 297
George’s trunk: Manuscript Notes on George W. Whitman, Dec. 26, 1864, Yale University Library; George’s Civil War Diary is printed in CWL, 137–60.
page 298
“I arrived here”: CWL, 134.
page 298
Office of Indian Affairs: PW, II, 577–79; Dixon Wecter, “Walt Whitman as Civil Servant, ” PMLA, LVIII (December 1943), 1094–97.
page 298
“Good and easy berth”: WWC, II, 402.
page 298
“I take things very easy”: Corr., I, 250.
page 299
“What are taps?”: WWC, II, 144.
page 299
“I play not marches”: CRE, 46.
page 299
Charles Sumner: Sumner and Lowell are quoted in R. B. Nye, Society and Culture in America, 1830–1860, 1974, 9– 10.
page 299
Whitman saluted: CRE, 324; MDW, 59.
page 3OO
“The chief thing”: WWC, I, 13; MDW, 65.
page 300
Contracted with Peter Eckler: the contract and related documents are in Feinberg Coll., LC; F. DeWolfe Miller, ed., Walt Whitman’s “ Drum-Taps” . . . Gainesville, Fla., 1959.
page 301
Swinburne: CRE, 328n.
page 301
“Crowning crime”: Emory Holloway, “Whitman on the War’s Finale, ” Colophon, I, part 1 (March 1930), [4].
page 301
“Western star”: PW, I, 94–95.
page 301
“Reconciliation”: CRE, 321.
page 302
“Black clouds”: Glicksberg, 174–75.
page 302
“Appear’d the cloud”: CRE, 334.
page 302
Watched the massed brigades: PW, I, 105; Manuscript Notes on George W. Whitman, July 27, 1865, Yale University Library.
CHAPTER 15 (pages 303–28)
page 303
“Augean stable”: Barrus, 33–34; J. G. Randall and Richard N. Current, Lincoln, The President, 1955, 252, 278–79; PW, II, 611–12; Jerome M. Loving, “Whitman and Harlan: New Evidence, ” AL, XLVIII, No. 2 (May 1976), 219–21.
page 304
“The Services of Walter Whitman”: WWC, III, 471.
page 304
The general purge: the documents and WW’s comments on his dismissal are in WWC, III, 468–477; Barrus, 25–35; Champion, 56–75; F. DeWolfe Miller, “Before The Good Gray Poet,” Tennessee Studies in Literature, III (1958), 89–98.
page 305
“To be self-balanced”: CRE, 11.
page 305
“Here the enemy”: Corr., II, 158.
page 305
Fifteen-page letter: Champion, 149–56 (includes WW’s notes).
page 306
Settled contentedly: Corr., I, 303, 319; V, 289.
page 307
“The face of a poet”: Clara Barrus, ed.,
The Heart of Burroughs’ Journals. Boston, 1928, 69.
page 307
“O spheral”: Wake-Robin, Boston, 1913, 51–52.
page 307
Burroughs noted: Barrus, 24.
page 307
“Sings oftener”: Feinberg Coll., LC; William White, “An Unpublished Whitman Notebook for ‘Lilacs,’ ” Modern Language Quarterly, XXIV (June 1963), 177–80.
page 308
“When Lilacs”: CRE, 328, 330.
page 308
Critical essay: “Walt Whitman and his Drum-Taps,” Galaxy, II (December 1866), 606–15.
page 308
“Range along the high plateau”: Corr., I, 185.
page 309
“Drum-Taps has none”: Corr., I, 246– 47.
page 309
“Damn My Captain”: WWC, II, 304, 333.
page 310
Trowbridge: “Reminiscences of Walt Whitman,” Atlantic Monthly, LXXXIX (February 1902), 172–75; CRE, 324.
page 310
“Quite put out”: Allen, 361.
page 311
Henry James: Allen, 578–79; F. O. Matthiessen, The James Family, 1961, 488–95.
page 311
Toward the end of 1865: largely on the evidence of PW, I, 111, and WW’s inscription on a photograph of the two (Feinberg Coll., LC); Allen, 363.
page 311
“We felt to each other”: Calamus, 23.
page 312
Burroughs describes: Calamus, 13.
page 312
“Like as not”: Calamus, 25.
page 312
“One flitting glimpse”: LG— 1860, 371.
page 312
“Fearfully well”: Corr., I, 292.
page 312
“Whistling or singing”: Calamus, 26–27.
page 313
“What do I look like”: WWC, III, 542–43.
page 313
“Your head on my shoulder”: Corr., II, 103–4; CRE, 271.
page 313
“I did not appreciate”: Calamus, 30.
page 313
In “your judgment”: Corr., II, 59.
page 314
Tender notes: Corr., II, 47n, 83–86, 103–4, 128.
page 315
Jimmy Sorrill: Corr., II, 51, 51n, 56n.
page 315
Went out of his way: Corr., II, 52, 62, 88, 102–3.
page 315
“I don’t know”: Corr., II, 47.
page 315
“Hours continuing long”: LG— 1860, 355.
page 316
“Depress the adhesive nature”: Notebook, 1868–70, LC; Roger Asselineau, The Evolution of Walt Whitman, Cambridge, Mass., 1960, II, 187, 329.
page 316
“We parted”: Corr., II, 101.
page 317
“With a kind of ruthlessness”: Blue Book, II, xli.
page 317
“O hymen”: LG— 1860, 313.
page 317
“Thruster holding me”: Blue Book, I, 51.
page 317
“City of my walks”: Blue Book, I, 363: Corr., I, 284.
page 318
“A few little silly fans”: Corr., I, 287–88.
page 318
“Proud and passionate city”: CRE, 294.
Central Park: DBN, I, 145; PW, I, 198–99.
page 319
“The weather is perfect”: Corr., V, 288.
page 319
“I publish & sell it”: Corr., V, 289.
page 320
“So our Shakespeare”: R. A. Coleman, “Trowbridge and O’Connor . . . ,” AL, XXIII, No, 3 (November 1951), 327.
page 320
“I received a portion”: WWC, II, 257.
page 320
“God grant”: Champion, 203.
page 320
Wendell Phillips: Florence B. Freed -man, “New Light on an Old Quarrel . . . ,” WWR, XI, No. 2 (June, 1965). 33.
page 320
Matthew Arnold: Bliss Perry, Walt Whitman, Boston, 1906, 177–79; Champion, 71–72.
page 321
“It seems as if”: Corr., I, 301.
page 321
Henry Raymond: Barrus, 35; Perry, Walt Whitman, 176–77.
page 321
Charley Heyde: Corr., I, 303; FCI, 222–24.
page 321
“Grows stronger & stronger”: Corr., I, 300.
page 322
“You must come”: Barrus, 35–36.
page 322
Galaxy: Edward F. Grier, “Walt Whitman, the Galaxy, and Democratic Vistas,” AL, XXIII, No. 3 (November 1951), 332–50; Robert Scholnick, “Whitman and the Magazines: Some Documentary Evidence,” AL, XLIV, No. 2 (May 1972), 222–46.
page 322
“About as impudent”: Corr., I, 297.
page 323
“Personally the author”: Corr., I, 348.
page 324
“The article has had”: Grier, 335.
page 324
“My feeling”: Corr., I, 346; WWC, II, 419–20.
page 324
Spelled it out: WWC, III, 303–6.
page 324
“I have no objection”: Corr., I, 347.
page 325
“Horrible dismemberment”: Corr., II, 133.
page 325
“Rossetti said expurgate”: WWC, I, 150–51.
page 325
“Substantial facts”: Corr., II, 150–53.
page 325
“If you visit England”: Corr., II, 125– 26; the growth of WW’s reputation abroad is detailed in: Harold Blodgett, Walt Whitman Abroad, Ithaca, N.Y., 1934; Gay Wilson Allen, The New Walt Whitman Handbook, 1975, 249–327.
page 326
John Swinton: Corr., II, 48–49.
page 327
“Englishwoman’s Estimate”: The Radical (Boston, Mass.), May 1870.
page 327
“That lady”: Corr., II, 98n.
page 328
Helen Price: Bucke(1883), 30.
page 328
He sent “the lady”: Corr., II, 91–92.
page 328
“O dear Walt”: Gilchrist, 62, 66.
CHAPTER 16 (pages 329–49)
page 329
Susan Garnet Smith: WWC, IV, 312–13.
page 329
“I pour the stuff”: CRE, 102–3.
page 330
Charley Eldridge: Corr., I, 185.
page 330
A passenger: Mrs. Nellie Eyster, WWC, I, 34–35.
“A sort of human miracle”: WWC, III, 376–77.
page 331
“I was so sure”: Gilchrist, 63.
pege 331
“It is not happiness”: Gilchrist, 61.
pege 332
Walt’s first letter: Corr., II, 140.
page 332
The word “enough”: Gilchrist, 70.
page 332
“Restless, anxious”: Gilchrist, 72.
page 333
“Did I tell you”: Corr., II, 164; WWC, II, 374, 443.
page 333
“Dear friend”: Corr., II, 170.
page 333
Delivered of “triplets”: Corr., II, 1 16.
page 334
“Good, worthy, non-demonstrative”: Corr., II, 15.
page 334
“Stifled, O days”: CRE, 591.
page 335
“Schwärmerei”: “Shooting Niagara: And After?” Macmillan’s Magazine (London), August 1867.
page 335
Matthew Arnold: WWC, I, 45, 122–23, V, 481.
page 335
“Never was there less”: PW, II, 257.
page 336
“Comic-painful hullabaloo”: PW, II, 750; Corr., I, 338, 342.
page 336
“I will not gloss over”: PW, II, 363.
page 336
“I say we had best”: PW, 369–70.
page 337
“I had no idea”: Barrus, 49.
page 337
Sent Carlyle a copy: Corr., II, 185.
page 337
“We have frequently printed”: PW, II, 393.
page 338
“What is life”: PW, II, 740.
page 338
“Cosmic purposes”: WWC, I, 156–57.
page 338
“After chanting”: CRE, 746.
page 338
In his notebook: Fredson Bowers, “The Earliest Manuscript of Whitman’s ‘Passage to India’ and its Notebook,” Bulletin of The New York Public Library, LXI, No. 7 (July 1957), 319— 52.
page 338
“Farewell gathering”: CRE, 745.
page 338
“For the deep waters”: CRE, 421.
page 339
“Every great problem”: Bowers, “The Earliest Manuscript . . . ,” 349.
page 339
“Finally shall come”: CRE, 415.
page 339
“All these hearts”: CRE, 415.
page 339
A love feast: Barrus, 71–72.
page 340
“O Walt”: Allen, 419.
page 340
“My mammy”: Corr., II, 169.
page 340
Joaquin Miller: Corr., II, 182–83.
page 340
“Would astonish Longfellow”: WWC, I, 328–29.
page 341
Caricature appeared: F. DeWolfe Miller, The Sunday Star (Washington, D. C), July 30, 1961.
page 341
Report of his death: Corr., II, 123; W. E. Martin, Jr., “Whitmania from the Boston Journal,” WWR, XXIII, No. 2 (June 1977), 90–92.
page 341
“Walt Whitman in Europe”: Kansas Magazine, II, No. 6 (December 1872), 499–502; Corr., II, 3on, 157, 189, V, 289, 295.
page 341
“My percentage”: Corr., II, 139.
page 342
“After all”: CRE, 195.
page 342
“By thud of machinery”: CRE, 198.
Congressman James Garfield: WWC, I, 324; Calamus, 32.
page 342
“I am to be on exhibition”: Corr., II, 178; Harold W. Blodgett, “Walt Whitman’s Dartmouth Visit,” Dartmouth Alumni Bulletin, XXV (February 1933), 13–15; Bliss Perry, Walt Whitman, Boston, 1906, 203–10.
page 343
Stay with his sister Hannah: Corr., II, 182; Hannah Heyde to Louisa Whitman, Nov. 16, 1872, LC; Katherine Molinoff, Some Notes on Whitman’s Family, 1941, 36.
page 344
Last of their noisy debates: chief sources are listed in note for page 287 (“The O’Connor home”); also, Barrus, 96–100.
page 345
“Don’t be alarmed”: Corr., II, 187.
page 345
“Mother, it is always”: Corr., II, 183; Corr., II, 203, 208, 211.
page 345
Bulwer-Lytton: WWC, III, 221–22; Lytton’s opinion of WW is quoted in Amy Cruse, The Victorians and Their Reading, Boston, 1962, 258.
page 345
He felt faint: Bucke (1883), 45–46.
page 346
“Had been simmering”: NF, 147–48.
page 346
“Pete, do you remember”: PW, II, 612.
page 347
“My head feels bad”: Allen, 452.
page 347
“Mother’s last lines”: WWC, IV, 514.
page 347
Sat by her coffin: Corr., II, 221n.
page 347
“Great dark cloud”: Corr., II, 241–42.
page 347
Charley Eldridge reported: Barrus, 83.
page 347
“In her memory”: Corr., II, 230, 235.
page 348
“Perturbed sort of letter”: Corr., II, 239–40.
page 348
Took the ring from his finger: Corr., II, 235; Gilchrist, 96, 103.
page 348
“I think it is best”: Corr., II, 248.
page 348
“As I see it now”: Corr., II, 272.
page 348
“You too have sailed”: Gilchrist, 108.
page 349
“All questions”: Corr., II, 313.
page 349
“I was down”: WWC, II, 208.
CHAPTER 17 (pages 350–72)
page 350
Centennial mania: Dee Brown, The Year of the Century: 1876, 1966.
page 351
“I do not seem to belong”: WWC, I, 325.
page 352
“Forgive me”: Corr., II, 345.
page 352
“I have come to the end of my rope”: Corr., II, 343.
page 352
Moncure Conway’s: Corr., III, 37–38, 38n.
page 353
Longfellow admired: James Bryce, Diary, Sept. 1, 1870, Bodleian Library, Oxford University.
page 353
“Immensely over-rated”: Barrus, 220–21.
page 353
James Bryce: Diary, Sept. 5, 1870, Bodleian Library, Oxford University.
page 353
“Tell Walt”: Clara Barrus, Life and Letters of John Burroughs, Boston, 1925, I, 144.
page 353
“Maintains the same attitude”: Corr., II, ,155.
page 354
“He thought Walt’s friends”: Barrus, 65.
“I know what I am about”: Clara Barms, Life and Letters of John Burroughs, I, 144.
page 355
“Walt Whitman’s Actual American Position”: Workshop, 245–48; the debate provoked by this article is authoritatively detailed in Champion, 109–23, 204–16 and Robert Scholnick, “The Selling of the ‘Author’s Edition’: Whitman, O’Connor, and the West Jersey Press Affair,” WWR, XXIII, No. 1 (March 1977), 3–23.
page 357
Whitman’s spirits rose: Corr., III, 30, 38n, 39.
page 357
“Walt Whitman: Is He Persecuted?”: reprinted in Champion, 204–16.
page 357
“Lull in the Walt Whitman controversy”: Atlantic Monthly, December 1877, 749–51.
page 358
Book sales for 1876: Corr., VI, xvii.
page 358
“Blessed gales”: PW, II, 699–700.
page 358
Accepted with serenity: Bucke (1883), 55n.
page 358
“I get out”: Corr., III, 27.
page 359
“I ought to have written”: Corr., III, 67.
page 359
“How I wish”: Corr., III, 86–87.
page 359
“My (adopted) son”: Corr., III, 67–68.
page 359
Burroughs was annoyed”: Barrus, 164.
page 360
“It makes (tried to make)”: Corr., III, 211.
page 360
George and Susan Stafford: supplementing WW’s accounts of the Stafford household and farm are: Sculley Bradley, “Walt Whitman on Timber Creek,” AL, V, No. 3 (November 1933), 237—46; Edward Carpenter, Days with Walt Whitman, 1906, 10–15; Walter Teller, “Speaking of Books: Whitman at Timber Creek,” New York Times Book Review, April 10, 1966, 2, 31.
page 360
“Am with folks”: Corr., III, 107.
page 360
“If I had not known”: Corr., III, 215.
page 360
“I take an interest”: Corr., III, 37.
page 361
“I fear he is”: Corr., III, 41n.
page 361
Wrote in his diary: DBN, II, 337.
page 361
“Would be a true comfort”: Corr., III, 381–82.
page 361
“Can you forgive me”: Harry Stafford to WW, May 1, 1877, Eeinberg Coll., LC (amending text in Corr., III, 5).
page 361
Names of drivers: DBN, I, 43, 88, 89.
page 362
Edward Cattell: Corr., III, 76n; DBN, I, 42, 61.
page 362
Urgent letter: Corr., III, 77.
page 362
“It seems an age”: Corr., III, 77n.
page 362
Pressing Harry to accept: DBN, I, 44, 48, 49.
page 363
Calmer remedy: DBN, 1, 51.
page 363
Memorable talks: DBN, I, 54, 58.
page 363
“You may say”: Corr., III, 5.
page 363
“I wish you would put”: Corr., III, 6–7.
page 363
“Feb 11 [1878]”: DBN, I, 85.
page 363
“Many things, confidences”: Corr., III, 264.
page 364
“Do not think me”: Gilchrist, 139, 141.
He did his tactful best: Corr., III, 30–31.
page 364
Coming to America: Gilchrist, 147, 149.
page 365
“Mrs G”: DBN, I, 41.
page 365
“If I had been near”: Corr., III, 92n.
page 365
With Anne and her children: Grace Gilchrist, “Chats with Walt Whitman,” Temple Bar Magazine (London), CXIII, February 1898, 200–212; Herbert Harlakenden Gilchrist, ed., Anne Gilchrist, Her Life and Writings, 1887, 227–43; Workshop, 262–63.
page 366
“Anne Gilchrist was suffering”: Edward Carpenter, Some Friends of Walt Whitman, London, 1924, 8,
page 366
“I do not feel as if’’: Corr., III, 97n.
page 366
Walt had come back: DBN, I, 65, 75, 76.
page 367
“June 9[1879]”:DBN, I, 145.
page 367
“I think of you continually”: Gilchrist, 194.
page 367
The world, the race: CRE, 525.
page 367
Looked at nature: PW, I, 128, 133.
page 368
Rendered the continuum: PW, I, 128– 29.
page 368
“The swim of the boys”: Corr., III, 76n.
page 368
“The beards of the young men”: CRE, 38–39.
page 368
Deaths of young men: PW, I, 155; CRE, 34.
page 369
“In paths untrodden”: CRE, 112– 13.
page 369
“What I draw from the water”: CRE, 118– 19.
page 369
“There come moods”: PW, I, 152.
page 370
“After I wrestle”:PW, I, 143, 153.
page 370
“One does not wonder”: PW, I, 131.
page 370
“Houses and rooms”: CRE, 29.
page 370
“Somehow I seem’d”: PW, I, 152.
page 371
“Once he came”: PW, I, 163.
page 371
“Pete, if you came”: Corr., III, 96.
page 371
“Wonders, revelations”: Corr., III, 169.
page 371
“Suggested and rejected names”: PW, I, 247–48.
page 372
“Ducks and drakes”: Corr., III, 315.
page 372
“Discovery of Old Age”: PW, I, 277.
page 372
“I cannot divest my appetite”: PW, I, 294.
page 372
“Cities of romance”: WWC, II, 29.