Unless specified otherwise, the dates refer to the Gregorian calendar in use today.
December 1642: Birth of Isaac Newton (according to the Julian calendar used at the time).
January 1643: Birth of Isaac Newton (according to the Gregorian calendar used today).
January 1646: Newton's mother Hannah marries Barnabas Smith (Newton's biological father having died three months before the birth of his son).
1655: Newton attends school in Grantham and boards with the local apothecary.
1659: At his mother's request, Newton has to return to Woolsthorpe.
1661: Newton begins his studies at Trinity College, Cambridge.
1665: Newton completes his studies in January; in August, the outbreak of the plague forces him to return to Woolsthorpe, where he remains for eighteen months. Here, he investigates optics, mathematics, and gravity, and lays the foundations for his later, revolutionary works.
1667: Newton is elected a fellow of Trinity College.
1668: Newton visits London for the first time.
February 1669: Newton describes his reflecting telescope in a letter to the Royal Society.
October 1669: Newton becomes Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge.
January 1672: Newton is elected a member of the Royal Society.
February 1672: Newton sends his findings about the nature of light to the Royal Society. His row with Robert Hooke begins.
February 1675: Newton attends a meeting of the Royal Society for the first time.
1679: Newton and Hooke begin correspondence about the motion of celestial bodies.
1680: Newton observes a comet.
1681: Newton begins correspondence with John Flamsteed about the motion of comets.
January 1684: Halley, Hooke, and Wren meet in a coffee house and discuss a law to describe the motion of the celestial bodies.
August 1684: Edmond Halley visits Newton in Cambridge and prompts the latter's work on gravity. Newton begins work on the Principia.
April 1686: Newton presents the first volume of the Principia to the Royal Society.
July 1687: The Principia is published.
July 1693: Newton suffers a nervous breakdown.
September 1694: Newton visits John Flamsteed in Greenwich. The row about the star catalogue begins.
1696: Newton is offered a post at the Royal Mint.
February 1700: Newton becomes Master of the Mint.
November 1701: Newton is elected to Parliament.
December 1701: Newton resigns from his post as Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge.
November 1703: Newton becomes President of the Royal Society.
1704: Newton publishes Opticks, with his work on calculus first appearing there in an appendix.
1705: The precedence row with Leibniz begins.
April 1705: Newton is knighted by Queen Anne.
March 1712: The Royal Society sets up a committee to clear up the precedence row between Newton and Leibniz.
1713: Newton publishes the second edition of the Principia.
1726: Newton publishes the third edition of the Principia.
March 1727: Isaac Newton dies.