1 Cf. the Hui Ming Ching (Book of Consciousness and Life) in The Secret of the Golden Flower (1962 edn.), pp. 69ff.

2 The head is also the “seat of heavenly light.”

3 In the Hui Ming Ching, “human nature” (hsing) and “consciousness” (hui) are used interchangeably.

4 The Golden Flower (1962 edn.), p. 70.

5 Cf. Psychological Types, ch. V.

6 [For a fuller discussion of the mandala, see “A Study in the Process of Individuation” and “Concerning Mandala Symbolism” in The Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious. For examples of European mandalas, see below, after p. 56.—EDITORS.]

7 Cf. Wallis Budge, The Gods of the Egyptians.

8 [The mandala is reproduced in “A Study in the Process of Individuation,” p. 297.]

9 Cf. the Chinese concept of the heavenly light between the eyes.

10 Matthews, “The Mountain Chant: A Navajo Ceremony” (1887), and Stevenson, “Ceremonial of Hasjelti Dailjis” (1891).

11 The mandala of a somnambulist is reproduced in Psychiatric Studies, p. 40.

12 The Golden Flower (1962 edn.), p. 70.

13 [Ibid., p. 22.]

14 [Ibid., p. 70.]

15 [Ibid., p. 71.]

16 Cf. Avalon, The Serpent Power.

17 Cf. the excellent collection in Knuchel, Die Umwandlung in Kult, Magie und Rechtsbrauch.

18 Evans-Wentz, The Tibetan Book of the Dead.

19 Anna Kingsford, Her Life, Letters, Diary, and Work, pp. 129f. I am indebted for this reference to my colleague, Dr. Beatrice Hinkle, New York.

20 Such experiences are genuine, but their genuineness does not prove that all the conclusions or convictions forming their content are necessarily sound. Even in cases of lunacy one comes across perfectly valid psychic experiences. [Author’s note added in the first (1931) English edition.]

21 [Acta S. Hildegardis, in Migne, P.L., vol. 197, col. 18.]