1. Cultural Schizophrenia: Islamic Societies Confronting the West, translated by John Howe (London: Saqi Books, 1992).
2. For the Arabic text and another translation, see Michael E. Marmura, Avicenna. The Metaphysics of the Healing (Provo: Brigham Young University Press, 2005), p. 350.
3. The Annual Iqbal Memorial Lecture, Department of Philosophy, University of the Punjab, Lahore (November 10, 2000).
4. Mathnawī, edited by R. A. Nicholson (London: Luzac, 1925–40), Book 2, verses 277–9.
5. Mathnawī, Book 1, vs. 1406–7.
6. Understanding the Present: Science and the Soul of Modern Man (New York: Anchor Books, 1992), pp. 190–91.
7. In a treatise translated by Chittick, The Heart of Islamic Philosophy (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001), p. 182.
8. The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam (Lahore: Iqbal Academy, 1986), pp. 33–34.
9. Mathnawī, Book 5, vs. 1289–93.
10. A great deal of scholarship traces the modern origins of fundamentalism. Karen Armstrong sums it up nicely in The Battle for God (New York: Ballantine Books, 2001), a detailed study of the history of the Jewish, Christian, and Muslim versions.
11. Kīmiyā-yi sa’ādat, edited by H. Khadīw-jam (Tehran: Jībī, 1354/ 1975), pp. 36–37.
12. Rethinking Islam, translated by Robert D. Lee (Boulder: Westview Press, 1994), p. 13.
13. Mathnawī, Book 1, vs. 1234ff.
14. Understanding the Present, p. 11.
15. The Rise of Early Modern Science: Islam, China, and the West (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993), p. 65.
16. Religion and the Order of Nature (New York: Oxford University Press, 1996), p. 287.
17. Tu in turn takes the word “anthropocosmic” from Mircea Eliade. Tu, Centrality and Commonality: An Essay on Confucian Religiousness (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1989), p. 126.
18. Centrality and Commonality, p. 10.
19. Confucian Thought: Selfhood as Creative Transformation (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1985), p. 137.
20. Centrality and Commonality, p. 102.
21. Confucian Thought, pp. 46–47.
22. Understanding the Present, p. 54.
23. Confucian Thought, p. 44.
24. Al-Ishārāt wa’l-tanbīhāt, edited by S. Dunyā (Cairo: ‘Īsā al-Bābī al-Ḥalabī, 1947), vol. 3, p. 227.
25. Confucian Thought, p. 64.
26. Understanding the Present, p. 196.
27. Philosophy as a Way of Life (Oxford: Blackwell, 1995).
28. Understanding the Present, pp. 56–57.